CLIENT: Jo Bloggs Dwg Ref: 1234-B Beam Ref: B1/2 Lounge-Study Two beams - worst case: inner leaf

Clear Span: 2.30 m Bearing: 150 mm Fraction Dead Loads: Roof Wall (1st Floor) Floor 0.50 1.00 0.50 Dim. m 8.50 2.30 3.20 Unit Wt kN/m2 1.20 2.20 0.50 Pitch Fo 35

Date:

Structural Span: Total kN/m 5.10 5.06 0.80 10.96 kN/m

2.45 m

Imposed Loads: Snow (on plan) Attic Floor 0.50 0.50 0.50 6.96 8.50 3.20 0.75 0.25 1.50 35 2.32 [75-(F >30)]/45 1.06 2.40 5.78 kN/m One beam per leaf % of total load carried by beam: Span L (m) 2.45 100 % Full Torsion Restraint at Support N

Lat. Restr. Udl Gk Udl Qk Point Gk Point Qk Le / L Defl (Y/N) (kN/m) (kN/m) (kN) (kN) eg. 0.85 Ratio 10.96 5.78 0.00 0.00 1.40 360 Udl Point Distance of Point Load from Support (m) : FoS Mb/Mu Pv/Fv 0.6Pv/Fv Defl pb N N

m=1 n=1 Web Stiffener Le (m) [b1 =0] (mm)

Stiff Bearing Length b1 (mm) Bearing Buckling

Design, to BS5950, for : 178UB102@19kg/m 1.09

4.62

6.98

119

n/a

n/a

n/a

3.79

Point Loads: 1.4 x 0 + 1.6 x 0 = 0kN UDLs: 1.4 x (10.96 + 0.19) + 1.6 x 5.78 = 24.86kN/m Left Reaction = 30.45kN Hence, Shear Force crosses zero line 1.22m from left reaction Hence, Total Ult Moment, Mu = 18.7 kNm Slenderness ratio, = Le/ry = 378.56/2.37 = 159.7 /x = 159.7/22.6 = 7.07 Slenderness factor, v (N = 0.5) = 0.73 Equivalent slenderness = nuv= 1x0.888x0.73x159.7 = 103.7 Hence, permissible bending stress, pb (T = 7.9, py = 275) = 118.7 N/mm Plastic Modulus for this section = 171 cm Minimum Plastic Modulus, Sx, = Mu/pb = 157 cm and bending strength, Mb, = Sx.pb = 20.3kNm This section is satisfactory in bending Maximum Shear, Fv = 1.4 x ( 10.96 + 0 + 0.19 ) + 1.6 x ( 5.78 + 0 ) = 30.5 kN Shear Strength of section, Pv = 0.6 x py x D x t = 0.6 x 275 x 177.8 x 4.8 = 140.8 kN Shear stength is satisfactory Mid-span deflection (unfactored imposed) = 5 x 5.78 x (2.45) / (384EI) = 1 mm Allowable Deflection = 2450 / 360 = 6.8 mm Deflection is acceptable Hence TWO 178UB102@19kg/m, one per leaf, bearing 150mm.

CLIENT: Jo Bloggs Dwg Ref: 1234-B Beam Ref: B1/2 Padstones LOADS Roof R: Upper wall W: Floor F: Beam U: Lower wall V: Max GK: 1.4 Min GK: 0.9 Dead 5.1 5.1 0.8 11.0 2.0 Imposed 2.3 1.1 2.4 5.8 Beam span L: Beam B: Bearing a: Wall height h: Effective thickness tef: Padstone type: Enhancement @ padstone: 17.3 Dispersion: 3.5

Date:

kN/m kN/m kN/m kN/m kPa

QK: 1.6 QK: 0.0

SR m

2300 101 150 2300 133 2 1.5 1

mm mm mm mm mm (1or 2) (1 way or 2 ways)

Padstones (i) No Padstone (ii) Engineering Brick (iii) 7MPa Block (iv) ST3 Concrete* * 4:1 All-in ballast:OPC

fcu MPa

Width mm 101

Length mm 150 215 440 440

m 3.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

50 7 15

102 100 100

kPa = kN/m2

MPa =N/mm2 Padstone Types (iii) 7.90 1.91 1360 37.8 0.01 0.79 1.67 47.9 0.00 0.79 2.11

Analysis of stresses in the wall beneath the beam: (a) Stress under the beam (b) Stress under the Padstone

(i) 11.06 fk 5.53

(ii) 7.90 3.83 1135 42.0 0.01 0.79 1.82 52.0 0.00 0.79 2.25

(iv) 7.90 1.91 1360 37.8 0.01 0.79 1.67 47.9 0.00 0.79 2.11 MPa MPa mm kN/m t MPa kN/n t MPa

(c) Stress at 0.4h below the beam Dispersed length 1070 Minimum axial GK & minimum axial QK 43.5 case 1: Eccentricity ex 0.00 Capacity reduction factor 0.79 fk 1.90 case 2: Maximum GK & QK 53.5 Eccentricity ex 0.00 Capacity reduction factor 0.79 fk 2.33 Compressive strength MPa fk If the masonry is brickwork: If the masonry is blockwork: 10 3.5 4.1 3.5

If the masonry is 10MPa brickwork with 1:1:6 mortar a type (ii) (iv) padstone is required under beam B1/2 If the masonry is 3.5MPa blockwork with 1:1:6 mortar a type (iv) padstone is required under beam B1/2 The new wall between lounge and conservatory should be tied to the brick column before installing these beams.