COOPERATIVE CARRIER SIGNALING:HARMONIZING COEXISTING WPAN AND WLAN DEVICES

Guided By Dr.David solamon Associate Professor Dept of E E Presented by Reshma Ravi.k Roll.no:4 !" #tech E E
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INTRODUCTION
Wireless communication networks are receiving increasing interest compared to wired networks
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Most of them are operating in 2.4 Ghz ISM band which causes interference

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igbee and Wi!i interference problem "#isting methods are ineffective $ew method %%S

ZIGBEE-WIFI COEXISTENCE IN THE ISM BAND

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&oth igbee and Wi!i operate in 2.4Ghz ISM band and ig&ee networks e#perience a packet loss rate from '( to )*( under var+ing Wi!i traffic load

APPROACHES TO REDUCE INTERFERENCE

,- Static . d+namic channel allocation 2- Wifi white space utilization/WIS"q 0rrival of wifi frame is burst+ and clustered q igbee can transmit in this inter cluster interval/white space- to improve the channel utilization q igbee packets are divided into subframes if its packet length is higher than that of white space q Subframes will transmit in a session
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Session I1 assignment Session initialization and subframe transmission

2-0daptive radio channel allocation scheme

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&asic idea of the adaptive scheme is to make the interference affected nodes to switch to a new clean channel Interference detection Group formation 3ear down

4-%SM0 based signaling q Sence before transmit or listen before talk

EXISTING PROBLEMS FOR COEXISTENCE

igbee 4ersus Wi!i5 Mac67h+ 8a+ers
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ig&ee W70$ assigns a uni9ue coordinator to perform

association control and beacon scheduling for clients.

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3he coordinator schedules a mi#ture of 31M0 and %SM0 frames periodicall+. "ach scheduling period is called a superframe

In the %07 slot zigbee and Wi!i differs from each other q 1ue to long backoff time/:4';s- and r#6t# switching time/,<2sq
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zigbee get low priorit+ when Wi!i is transmitting Since Wi!i %%0 duration is much shorter =Wi!i can preempt zigbee in the middle of a >#63# switching gap even though both can perfectl+ sense each others presence Ma#imum transmit power of zigbee is 'dbm and that of Wi!i is ,*? 2' d&m hence Wi!i cannot sense zigbee
IEEE 802.15.4
TRANSMIT POWER BANDWIDTH TRANSMIT RATE BA$!O%% &NIT R)/T) SWIT$HIN* TIME $$A 0 dBm 2 Mh 250 !b/" 320 '" 1(2 '" 128 '"

IEEE802.11b/g
20 dBm 22 Mh 11/6 mb#" 20/( '" 10 '" N/A

CAUSE AND EFFECT OF CONFLICTING COEXISTENCE

It was found that the ig&ee packet loss rate strongl+ depends on Wi!i@s airtime usage Aw ,-Spatial %ollision Bazards q 0s+mmetric Interference q Bidden terminal
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2-3emporal %ollision Bazards q 7artial %arrier Sensing q Wi!i 7reemption

Cse of a signaler

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3his establishes the ke+ motivation and rationale behind %%S /cooperative carrier signaling-. q %%S makes Wi!i better aware of ig&ee@s presence= and hence achieving better channel sharing. q %%S assigns a separate ig&ee node called signaler as a pro#+ to perform the carrier signaling. q 3he bus+ tone persists throughout the data and 0%D round trip= thus preventing the Wi!i@s preemption in the r#6 t# switching gap

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CCS ARCHITECTURE
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Signal classifier %oe#istence manager &us+ tone is scheduled Eointl+ b+ the coordinator = clients and the signaler

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TEMPORARY CHANNEL HOPPING

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Signaler must emit the bus+ tone concurrentl+ with the data transmission and the signaler must not interrupt the ongoing or forthcoming transmission from the desired transmitter. temporar+ channel hopper uses the spectrum features of ig&ee and Wi!i

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"ach Wi!i channel overlaps with four ig&ee channels. When running the temporar+ channel hopper= a ig&ee signaler

switches to a nearb+ channel before its scheduled signaling and returns to the original channel immediatel+ after the bus+ tone is sent
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%%S must decide on hopping to the left or right side of the channel

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SIGNALING SCHEDULER
It should schedule the bus+ tone at an appropriate time %SM0 scheduler q >3S6%3S e#change and channel hopping q &us+ tone duration q Since the signaler does not perform backoff it tends to send the bus+ tone before the data transmission q So the bus+ tone is e#tended b+ a guard period
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31M0 scheduler q G3S mechanism is used q Slot allocation information is carried in the coordinators beacon message q 0fter slot allocation = the signaler will send the bus+ tone when a scheduled 31M0 slot fires q 7resignaling time q 31M0 scheduler will protect beacon message also

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SIGNALER CONFIGURATION

signaler is placed near the coordinator q3o find the signaling power needed for the signaler an impirical propagation model is used q0t distance d= the signal@s path loss in db is L db(d) =40.2+20log10(d), d8m

q0 single

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!rom /,- and /2- minimum signaler power for protecting entire W70$ is P% & Pw 5P( (W '% L (" m) # $ (3) q !or downlink traffic the re9uired signaler power for protecting zigbee is P% &( Pw 5P() W'% L (" m+ M wr)# $ (4) q >e9uired signaler power when pwF,*d&m=pzF'd&m= caF,'d&m at WcsF?),d&m and ?:2 d&m for uplink and downlink
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SIGNAL CLASSIFIER
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Signaler needs a signal classifier to differentiate Wi!i interference 3hree different modes of %%0/"nerg+ sensing mode= feature detection= mi#ed mode%%S uses mode 2 0fter classif+ing Wi!i interference= the clients periodicall+ report the mean >SSI reading to the coordinator 3he coordinator triggers the carrier signaling if the interference level e#ceeds the >SS of an+ link b+ the capture threshold .

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APPLICATION TO OTHER HETEROGENIOUS NETWORK

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%%S can be used when two coe#isting networks have heterogeneous transmit power= scheduling mode 3o enable the temporar+ channel hopping= these networks must be able to tune to different bands &luetooth has been a popular means of establishing W70$s. It has a similar level of transmit power as ig&ee= but it must runs fre9uenc+ hopping based on a 31M0 schedule %%S can be used as a complementar+ approach to allow &luetooth and Wi!i to share the same spectrum via a dedicated &luetooth? compatible signaler.

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CONCLUSION
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igbees performance is degraded in the presence of Wi!i traffic even if Wi!i leaves sufficient idle time Spatial and temporal hazards fails the %SM0 %%S to enhance %SM0 and enable zigbee Wi!i coe#istence Cse of a separate signaler Scheduler Signal classifier %%S can be deplo+ed for real time application 1ecoupling carrier signaling from data transmission can be used to facilitate the coe#istence of other heterogeneous networks

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REFERENCES
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G. Buang= G. Hing= G. hou= and >. hou= I&e+ond co?e#istence5 "#ploiting Wi!i white space for ig&ee performance assurance=J in 7roc. I""" I%$7= 2','= pp. 2'*K2,4 %. Won= G.? B. Loun= B. 0li= B. Sharif= and G. 1eogun= I0daptive radio channel allocation for supporting coe#istence of )'2.,*.4 and )'2.,,b=J in 7roc. I""" 43%= 2''*= vol. 4= pp. 2*22K2*2:. D.Shuaib=M.&oulmalf=!.Sallabi and 0. 8akas =%ollege of Information 3echnolog+=C0" Cniversit+=J %o?e#istence of igbee and W80$= 0 7erformance Stud+J. 0nucha C. S+lvester= 0sagba M. 7rince= Mgheneovo ". "dward =1epartment Mf %omputer Science= Cniversit+ Mf 7ort Barcourt= I%arrier Sensing Mechanisms5 3he Impact Mn 3hroughput 7erformance Mf Ieee )'2.,, WlansJ.

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