Professional Documents
Culture Documents
by
CLYDE WILLIAM ICKES III
C
1997
Chapter One
BALANCE
This good Earth, our home, is the one beneficent realm we know of amid
the cosmos. A place in the great, vast Universe where a human being can exist
and sense and know. All about us is a kaleidoscopic panoply of the
manifestation of matter and energy. There for us to experience and wonder.
Balance, the first of our seven senses, is related to one of the three basic
physical forces in the universe. These three are nuclear, electromagnetic, and
gravitational energies. All behavior of physical matter is organized by and may
be defined in terms of these forces. Spiral arms of Andromeda, geotropic growth
of roots, melting ice, all such forms and functions are guided by some power.
We are familiar with these energies. Nuclear power and electricity are very
notable in our technologically constrained society. Gravity is even more
pervasive, enabling us to keep our feet on the ground, the furniture in place, and
Frisbees from floating off into the heavens. Gravity is the power of numbers, the
sum of the energies of all the atoms in a celestial body. Whether star, planet, or
moon, each spreads forth this attractive aura.
Attraction is the main characteristic of gravity -- every particle of matter
being under the compelling influence of every other bit of matter in creation.
Such a power , operating through time, and space and matter, gives shape and
substance to the larger realities of nature. Galactic pinwheels, spinal curvature,
{the individual branching patterns of trees,} waves on oceans, clouds in the sky,
all and more owe their for to the regulating power of gravity.
Gravity is a synthesizing energy, putting matter together. Bringing isolate
diversity into unity and harmony. And that is the aim of this book -- to show the
synthesis of seven senses unified into one Being. We are that being with seven
sense especially designed {attuned} for this body human on this planet Earth.
Compared to the other two forces, gravity is considered weakest. Yet it is
said that even light cannot escape the grip of black holes in outer space.
Compared to the other six of our senses, balance seems the least potent. Yet it
supports them. Though little recognized and much taken for granted, it is gravity
and balance which are the primary agencies for regulating celestial and living
bodies. Gravity provides us with a planet upon which to dwell, and balance helps
keep our body physically in harmony with this earth. Gravitational energy is the
basic stimulus for the sense of balance. This pairing of a physical energy with a
physiological sense makes the first of the seven senses.
That energy is important to all senses. Without gravity there would be no
planet upon which to walk, no matter to touch and taste, no atmosphere to
convey odors and sounds, and no sun to give light to see. Therefore gravity is
basic to sensory perception. It makes a world, and makes us a world. We are a
world, this body a dwelling for consciousness.
All creatures must maintain a stable relation to their environment. This is
a sign of life. This necessary physical stability is called equilibrium and exists in
three ways: positive, negative, and neutral. Positive equilibrium may be
illustrated by a pyramid solid and firm on its foundation. Negative, unstable
equilibrium is like an upside-down pyramid precariously positioned upon its apex.
And the neutral condition may be represented by a ball which always has its
center of gravity directly over its base so that no change of position renders it
unstable.
Sitting, walking, running depend on a balanced body. A sensory system
helps us know where we are, what's happening, where should that next footstep
be planted for safe travel. Now, since every atom of the human body in
influenced by gravity, it's necessary to have a widely distributed monitoring
system for the sense of balance. But before considering the specific sensory
receptors, we need to look at the basic architectural design of the human body.
A human body is built up in an orderly arrangement in seven levels. First
level is the atom. Of nature's 94 simple, stable elements of matter about one-
fourth are used in the construction of the body. Most common elements are
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. These six make
up 99% of our body's physical substance. But atoms are merely the building
blocks for the next level. They are assembled into the form of molecules. In this
respect atoms are like the letters of the alphabet, which have greater meaning
and usefulness when composed into words.
So the second construction level is the molecule. A molecule is made of
two or more atoms combined. And, differing atoms bound together can take on
the aspect of a new creature. Gaseous hydrogen and oxygen properly united
become a liquid, water, and they give us thereby a whole kingdom of streams,
starry crystals, and showering droplets. And so molecules abound in greater
variety and versatility than do simple atoms, just as there are many more words
than letters. A few score atoms have become millions of chemical compounds.
Two-thirds of our body is made of three-atom molecules of water. And a sixth
consists of many kinds of protein molecules, each of which may have thousands
of atoms. Other molecular body constituents are fats, carbohydrates, and
minerals. These atoms and molecules provide the basic brick and mortar for our
body's architecture. The are the non-living foundation.
Next is the cell. It takes some 60 to 100 Trillion of them to make a human
body. Each cell is an intricate array of such molecular components as
chromosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosomes, mitochondria, and
membranes. Molecules make up cells as words make sentences, a much more
meaningful whole is the result. Cells contain the various specifically organized
molecular parts, each having its own purpose, in much the same way a sentence
derives meaning from words. Cells may be thought of as "Bio-Atoms", the
smallest divisible units retaining the nature of life. And cells are further combined
to take on greater responsibilities in the body's next structural level.
Cells form tissues. This new unity requires uniformity. Tissues are usually
an assembly of similar cells, unlike molecules which may be made up of different
kinds of atoms. Tissues have four main jobs: to cover, to connect, to contract,
and to conduct. And each of these four basic tissue types is subdivided into a
variety of special kinds.
Covering tissue forms the outer skin surface of the body, provides
containing envelopes for most inner organs, and lines many sorts of tubes and
cavities. Connective cells make up ten kinds of tissues. One is fibrous which
makes ligaments and tendons. Other such tissue is fat, cartilage, and bone
which give our body much of its structure and shape.
Contracting and conducting tissues are the body's "labor and
management". They are the muscles which do the work, and nerves which
receive information and issue instructions. Muscles fill out a body with bulk and
power. The vast network of slender nerves is the heart of each sense, and is
responsible for what we perceive of the world around.
Tissues are to cells what paragraphs are to sentences, a greater level of
organization. Cells and tissues together form another brick-and-mortar stage in
the building of a body.
Now the various kinds of tissues must be put together to form organs.
Muscle, nerve, lining, and connective tissues combine to become an eye, a
stomach, a tonsil, a kidney, pancreas, biceps, lung and all the other body organs.
This may be compared to putting paragraphs together into the form of books.
Again, there is more organization and a larger whole which can perform greater
tasks.
Next, we have the nine body systems. A system is a harmoniously
interrelated group of elements. In this case, the parts are organs and the
systems are: skeletal, muscular, circulatory, digestive, respiratory, glandular,
reproductive, cutaneous, and nervous. Each of these systems is a union of
specially designed, complexly interrelated components. The respiratory system's
lungs mesh with the circulatory system's capillaries adding oxygen to blood
containing processed food materials from the digestive system's intestines which
were aided in their job by glandular enzymes. The interdependent unity of all
nine systems is like the making of many books into a great body of literature.
Finally, all the atoms which make up molecules which make up cells which
make up tissues which make up organs which make up systems -- all these,
intricately layered together and wisely built up, now become parts of a greater
unity, the ultimate level, the Body. This consequential formation may be likened
to everything from letters to literature making up a whole language.
This step-by-step process of composition makes a living physical body
which experiences and acts upon the world around, and all the while subject to
the gravitational power of earth. This knowing and doing requires a stable body
first of all. Two key systems, skeletal and muscular, give the body a capacity for
stability and movement.
Two hundred and six bones comprise the skeleton. They are made of
one-third soft organic matter and two-thirds hard calcium and phosphorus
minerals. Bones required for balance are in feet, legs, and back. Stability
depends upon a good foundation, and that is what two feet provide. Each foot
has 26 bones, with 14 of those in the toes, and is a sort of tripod. That is, the
heel, outer margin, and ball of a foot are three main points of contact with the
ground. A two legged chair obviously can't stand up, but a four legged one may
sometimes be wobbly, however the three-legged stool has been known for ages
to be the best for establishing a firm footing on uneven surfaces. Similarly, the
foot's three contact points give our body stability on all kinds of terrain.
But bones alone won't stay joined and certainly can't move about by
themselves. They are just the structure, the frame. The operation, action,
movement is the job of many of the 639 muscles attached to the bones. Working
together, bone and muscle adjust and maintain body position to keep balanced
and move effectively.
That's our body. Now, what is the sense of balance?
Once a body has been formed and is functioning, a way must exist to
keep things monitored and running smoothly. How do we know what position the
body is in? And how is it moving? And how can we know what changes should
be made in position or movement? It is the sense of balance that tells.
A sense is a combination of cells, tissues, and organs designed to detect
some aspect of the matter and energy in earth's environment. Our sense of
balance does not directly detect gravitational energy. Instead it notices the
relation of human body to planetary body. Since our entire physical body is
subject to earth's attraction, the gravity-sense monitors must be widely distributed
throughout our body.
First, special cells called proprioceptors are placed among the bone joints,
muscles, and skin. Scattered throughout the body, and mainly responding to
pressure, these cells detect the position of bones, the contraction of muscles,
and the weight placed on the soles of the feet and other body areas. With the
basic information this half of the balance sense gives we can tell roughly what
position our body is in, how we are moving, our weight distribution, and how
stable we are.
These proprioceptors (the word is from "proprius" - one's own, and
"capere" - to take) give us a basic sense of being a physical body. We have an
awareness of flesh and bone standing on two feet walking upright.
To further refine the sense of balance there is a second part of this
sensory department, which resides in the head. In each inner ear chamber,
about 1" (2½ cm) inside from the skin surface, are three delicate structures: the
utricule (from "uter" - a bag), the saccule (from "saccus" - sack), and the
semicircular canals. The first two items are tiny oval containers. The canals are
three interconnected half-circle tubes which are aligned so that two are vertical
and the third horizontal.
All of the above containers and tubes are connected and filled with a fluid.
Inside, at the bottom of each, is a layer of cells with tiny hairs extending up into
the fluid. Slightly supported by a covering of jelly-like material, these hairs can
detect any movement of the fluid. Which of course would come from a
movement of the body or head. And because the hairs are connected to nerves
we can tell the position and movement of our bodies.
The utricle and the saccule have an extra feature that helps them pay
attention to a certain aspect of balance. Their jelly bottom layer containing the
hair cells is covered by many otoliths ("ear-stones"), also called otoconia ("ear-
dust"). This is crystallized bone matter -- regularly shaped, microscopically small
crystals of calcium carbonate. Such tiny particles shift about as a person moves,
and they touch and bend the sensitive hairs. Where the otoliths move and rest
helps tell us about the effect of gravity and the angular position of our bodies.
{DRAWING of three planes of space}
The semicircular tubes collect additional information of another kind. The
are parallel to three planes in space, comparable to the three flat sides coming
together at the corner of a box. Thus when movement of the fluid is detected we
become aware of our body's pitching, rolling, and yawing, that is, moving forward,
sideways, and around. However this part of the balance sense only indicates a
change in either position or motion. It doesn't function when a body is immobile
or moving at a uniform speed. So the fluid and hairs in these semicircular canals
actually respond to acceleration or deceleration.
Utricule, saccule and semi-circular canals provide a refined sense of
balance. Without them a ballerina would be as graceful as a stevedore.
Widely distributed body proprioceptors and the very localized equilibrium
apparatus are the receptors for the sense of balance. The layout of this sensing
network is logical. Since the entire body is under the influence of gravity, there
must be balance sensing cells throughout. Also, the more sophisticated three
types of organs in the head are in the best place to monitor the movement of the
whole organism. Just as a person perched in the crow's nest of a small sailing
vessel can feel the movement of the ship to a greater degree than those below
decks , so the equilibrium sensors notice the wider magnitude motions of the
head and upper torso.
Ultimately our sense of balance monitors every atom of the body, and is
thus tuned in to the relationship between every material element in the body and
the combined energy of every atom in the earth.
So this is our most elemental human sense system. It must be considered
firstly because it is involved with the bodily foundation for all the other senses.
Yet we are vaguely aware that our sense of balance is functioning; after all, it is
not a very intellectual sense, it is the relatively unskilled labor with the job of
supporting and transporting us. It has usually been left out of consideration when
the so-called "five senses" were taught. Now no longer neglected, it can be
placed back in the important position it serves us in.
Perhaps balance was ignored because it is the last of the seven senses to
be developed enough to serve basic needs. A newborn baby can use all the
other six senses, but will not be able to stand or walk for many months. Later,
children very much enjoy the stimulation of the sense of balance. Jumping,
running, skipping, whirling, swinging, and sliding are often their main activity of
the day. Other pursuits dependent upon the sense of balance are dancing, most
sports, and such recreational activities as skiing, skating, cycling, skateboarding,
and surfing. All are vitally dependent upon a multitude of cells distributed
throughout the body, the two trios of liquid-filled semicircular canals, and the
utricules and saccules with their tiny crystals.
We have seen how our bodies are put together. Many parts make one
pleasing whole. Eye and hand and foot need one another. Balance may have
seemed to be a feeble sense, but it is much more necessary in the way it
provides for all the others. The whole body has been well-tempered together.
Each part caring for the other and all set in order. And on a large scale,
terrestrial fleshy bodies and celestial planetary bodies harmonize with one
another. One body sensing what the other provides. Earth, humbly under our
feet, steadfastly holds us subtily subdued within her domain. The balance sense
guides us to rise in each new day Earth's motion brings. and to stand and go
forth into this world for which we were made.
We shall see how all seven senses are placed together according to {one
masterfull} design.
chapter two
A GREATER CONTACT
Once the body begins to move about, sooner or later it will come in
contact with something. Such as another body, water, fire, ice, a thorn, a rock,
an apple, a tree. The sense of balance has only set the stage for a venturing
awareness. Now comes a building of the depth of perception, a gradual
increase in the human capacity to know the world of this planet.
Touch, the tactile sense, informs us of a type of electromagnetic energy
which is heat. This sense also give notice of the body's actual physical contact
with tangible substance. And, perhaps most significantly, our second sensory
ability provides important information about the integrity and well-being of our
bodies.
There are three aspects of tactual perception: temperature, contact, and
defense. {Protection}
A form of light is infrared or thermal energy. We perceive its presence in
relative terms. Energy is the motion of particles through space. Photons,
electrons, atoms, molecules, planets, suns, galaxies all move. The credit for
their change of position is given to energy. The energy of the Universe is
manifested in many ways. Temperature is only a tiny segment in the overall
spectrum of nature's energy.
Temperature is considered to be: "the average excitement of hundreds or
billions of molecules", it is the movement of matter measured on a vast scale.
From the total congelation at absolute zero, through being solid, plastic, liquid,
gaseous, then the fervid plasma of atomic ionization, and final attenuation in
explosive fission, matter fills many roles. And energy is the playwright. Simply
stated, temperature is a way describing how fast or slow some bit of matter is
moving. It is a concept uniting time, energy and matter.
On this earth our body is limited to a very narrow temperature sensing
range. Measuring scales have been devised to give number-names to varying
energy levels. So we hear of Kelvin, Celsius, and Fahrenheit (not a vaudeville
team {law firm}). Those differing number-scales are arbitrary and have no real
meaning, a rose is a rose and hot is hot, regardless of nomenclature. Anyway,
we are only sensitive to a tiny range of thermal energy which is in the infrared
band of the light section of the whole electromagnetic spectrum.
Temperature is a quality perceived in two quantitative forms, cold or heat.
The second part of the sense of touch is contact. This has more to do
with solid matter, A body meets a body. There is simple contact known as touch,
and there is more intense contact, or, pressure.
A body needs to maintain its integrity and wholeness and effective
functioning -- the good life. So the third tactile ability is a defense warning
system. This is known as the sense of pain. It provides a much more salient
variety of sensations and concerns a more critical aspect of our relation to our
environment.
Touch's nerve system is composed of many little cells, some simple,
others complex. They are scattered throughout the body. Complex sensors
have bulb-like endings or capsules which receive and transmit feelings of touch,
pressure, cold, and heat. The simpler cells are thin fibers with many
subdivisions. Ending in a vine-like network of fine branches, these fibrous cells,
also called free nerve endings, are very numerous in the skin. Most of them are
involved in the important job of sensing pain.
Our skin is the body's largest organ, being about 16% (one-sixth) of the
body's weight. It is the cutaneous system, a multi-layered complex of tissues and
small organs. It is our body's main contact area, or interface, with the
environment. This covering surface, also called the integument, is sized thusly:
on an adult man, 19.4 square feet (or 1.8 sq. meters; 2,8000 sq. inches; or
18,000 sq. centimeters), and an adult female may have 17.2 square feet (or 1.6
sq. m; 2,5000 sq. in; 16,000 sq. cm).
Skin is the main area for touching. Within it are several million sensing
cells. Over 500,000 are contact cells, and there are 150,000 cold receptors,
16,000 heat sensors, and 3,000,000 cells responding to pain.
As mentioned, the range for detection of temperature is limited. Absolute
zero is -459° F (-273° C) and a hydrogen bomb gives off 540,000,000 to
721,000,000 degrees Fahrenheit (300 - 400,000,000° C). Within that vast
stretch, our sense of temperature effectively covers about 59° F (15° C), that's in
a field from 54° F to 113° F (12° C to 45° C). { 1/7,000,000th}. Above 108° F
(42° C) protein in our body begins to break up, and there is also danger of tissue
damage at temperatures below 54° F (12° C).
We are more conscious of cold because there are more cold sensitive
cells, they have greater sensitivity and react faster than the heat detecting cells.
Most cold cells are near the skin surface and two-thirds are near sweat glands,
which put water out onto the skin for cooling purposes. (Interestingly, there are
no temperature receptors in the eyes). Since there is danger above 113° F (45°
C) and below 54° F ( 12° C) our sense of pain actually begins to register beyond
those boundaries.
Pain sensing cells are six times the number of contact cells, and fifteen
times as numerous as temperature cells. It is important that pain cells are in the
majority because they must serve to guard the body's welfare. Pain is a peculiar
sensation that becomes tied in with the higher senses. Pains come in greater
diversity than feelings of temperature or contact. They may be chronic, acute,
cramping, sharp, dull, spasmodic, burning, radiating, cramping, etc., as well as
prickly surface pains, and deep pains of inner organs and bones. But pain helps
more than it hurts. It's part of the touch sense and exists to help us live well on
this planet. It protects and educates by detecting danger or harm.
A rough average of the distribution of touch sense cells in the skin is: 161
contact cells per sq. in. (25 per sq. cm.), 45 to 84 temperature sensors per sq. in.
(7 - 13 per sq. cm.), and 645 to 1129 pain receptors per sq. in. (100 - 175 per sq.
cm.). Actually there is a wide variation over the whole body area. Some skin
areas have many touch cells, other places fewer.
The differences in distribution of sensory cells creates places with greater
or lesser sensitivity. Very sensitive areas are the tongue tip, lips, and tip of the
nose. Less sensitive parts are the fingers and hands, though they get more use.
The least sensitive area is the middle of the back. So when we turn our back to
the cold or wind for protection that merely means exposing the fewest touch cells
to hostile elements. Having greatest sensitivity in the mouth-nose area gives us
vital awareness for survival because that is the intake area for life-sustaining air,
water, and food.
Besides the skin and sensing cells, there is one more part of the body
important for contact with the world. The hand. This is a marvellous combination
of muscles (mostly located in the forearm), 27 bones, and many special parts
such as fingers, thumb, palm, nails, and differing patterns of skin texture. All are
united to form a hand, the agent of active touch. Not just a passive sensor, our
human hand is a tool enabling us to learn, work, communicate, and otherwise
manage the elements of the world. Our two hands, more than any other physical
body part give us dominion over this planet earth.
This second of the seven senses is one more outward step into reality.
Touch increases our sensory capacity and enriches our perceptions. More
importantly, we now have a greater ability to project our will upon the
environment.
Our sense of touch completes the first binary (two-part) sensory system.
The primary pair of senses are balance and touch. Note how these two are
similarly organized in the body. Each has its most sensitive cells in the head --
the tongue-lip-nose area for touch; the utricule-saccule-semicircular canals for
balance. Each depends upon a pair of appendages: hands and fingers for touch;
feet and toes for balance. The big toe is the secret to walking and the opposable
thumb is the key to handling. Overall arrangement of sensory cells is similar --
touch receptors distributed throughout the surface covering, in the skin; and
balance proprioceptors throughout the interior of the body.
Our primary binary sensory group provides us with hands and feet, tools
for adventure. And the capacity to touch and walk, handle and move, manage
the substance of nature and transport our bodies through the environment.
These are the most physical of the senses, and the two most directly related to
the earth. We perceive earth's elemental matter by touch. And we perceive the
fundamental gravitational energy through balance and are thereby able to
maintain position and move about in harmony with the resultant energy of the
massed atoms of the planet earth.
And it's a pleasant planet. Good place to get around on and keep in
touch with. A couple of basic senses are an indispensable aide for a walk to a
strawberry patch. Go uphill stepping nimbly from rock to rock along a row of
piled boulders. Then out of the woods to feel a flush of warmth from the sun.
Running across a hilltop, down to a small valley, then walking carefully along the
trunk of a fallen tree which remains several feet above ground. Here touch will
tell if any bark underfoot begins to give way. Up a steep slope, grasping the
pebbly smooth bark of a beech tree then the scaly firm bole of a choke cherry.
Finally into a patch of wild strawberries, which happen to grow very low to the
ground. All the better workout for a sense of balance -- standing, then bending
over, on one foot, then the other, squatting, kneeling, crawling in search of the
luscious edible rubies. Now and then a reminder from pain sensors: "you just sat
on a twig from a hawthorn bush!" All this time tiny crystals in the ear slide around
the floor of the utricules and saccules, canal fluids riffle tiny hairs; other cells are
pressed, heated, cooled, hurt; walking, touching knowing.
And a dish of berries.
Which brings us to the next sense.
chapter three
A Sense Of Savour
Strawberries are for more then touching. Gravity and matter, walking and
touching soon become common and mundane. Now we come to a sense which
brings us into a much more refined contact with a select type of matter.
Taste, the gustatory sense, enables us to appreciate the chemical
characteristics of matter that we call flavors. This is not a strict chemical
analysis, however. We are not concerned with identifying a particular atomic
element or molecule such as mercury, argon, bismuth, yttrium, aluminum,
nitrogen, iridium, etc. Rather matter is more simply interpreted by the sense of
taste according to a four component sensory spectrum (five in China). These are
the flavors sweet, salty, sour, and bitter. (Fifth would be "burnt").
Each flavor does relate to a general chemical quality. Sweetness is
basically a property of organic compounds such as sugars and alcohols.
Saltiness is related to inorganic ions, which are electrically charged atoms found
in such materials as chlorides, nitrates, and sulfates. Hydrogen ions liberated by
acids cause a sour taste. And bitterness is a flavor quality of alkaloids,
glucosides, and plant extracts. Very simply, sweet is organic, salt inorganic, sour
acid, and bitter alkaline.
But of course chemicals are not what we are concerned with. There is a
practical need that must be met first.
Balance and touch have given us control over moving within and
managing the world. Movement of matter requires energy. Running, potato
peeling, and coal shoveling use up energy. So our bodies must have a source
for resupply. Energy is stored in matter and made available in a variety of forms.
One kind of electromagnetic energy is light which comes from a star at the center
of our planetary system. Unfortunately our body lacks the structural form and
cellular components necessary to retrieve and use direct solar energy. To do so
a person would have to be very large and flat, with specialized cells, tissues,
organs and systems {like a plant's leaves}.
Actually this job of collecting solar energy is the capability of {responsibility
of} other creatures in the Biosphere, plants. WE are not alone. Green plants use
light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrate. Fat, sugar,
and starch are the basic forms of energy thus made and stored. That, along with
other nutrients (water, protein, minerals, vitamins), is what we must eat, digest,
and assimilate in order to live.
But why be able to taste? Tasting doesn't help us absorb any nourishing
energy. It would seem unnecessary for living. But there is a definite sense of
taste with special cells responsible for the sensation. So there must be some
purpose to be filled.
The organs and cells for our sense of taste are located in the mouth.
There is a papillae-studded, mucous membranes covered, bundle of muscles
and nerves, the tongue. Here is mainly where flavors are detected. The tip of
the tongue detects sweet and salty substances, the sides savor sour flavors, the
back of the tongue tastes bitter sensations, but there is not much taste sensation
in the middle. This is a good arrangement, for the tip is nearest to the opening of
the mouth where it can find the sweetness of energy containing foods. The sides
are next to the teeth which crush the flesh of berries and fruits releasing sour
juices. And the bitterness-sensing back is able to wait for any possible acrid
flavor which might come from anything ingested. This location is important
because bitterness may indicate harmful material and toxic chemicals. Being
near the back, this sensation can communicate through nerves to cause that part
of the tongue to close off the throat and prevent the food from being swallowed.
A three-part arrangement makes up the taste sense system. About
200,000 cells are inside 9,000 to 10,000 buds which are contained within a
hundred or so papillae.
These papillae are either filiform (thread like), fungiform (mushroom like),
or circumvallate (surrounded by a wall). A tongue is mostly covered by the
filiform papillae which give it a textured surface. But the other two kinds have the
tasting cells.
About 6 to 10 to 16 circumvallate papillae are found in a "V" formation at the very
back of the tongue. Each of them contains about 250 buds (giving them from
1,500 to 2,500 to 4,000 of the total 10,000 taste buds). There's one main job for
them -- to detect bitterness.
Papillae have the appearance of flattened, rounded bulbs. Buds are like
tiny round vases with their tops opening on the surface so that the papillae has
many pores, perhaps 100 or 200. When a molecule from mozzarella, a
conglomeration of atoms from an apple, or the juices of any other foods enter the
bud pore they contact the cellular messengers which tell us of the presence and
delightful personality of these substances.
Four to 12 to 20 cells are in each bud and have tiny hairs projecting up
through the bud pore. In order for us to taste, flavor chemicals must be in a liquid
solution and enter the pore to contact the cell. When that happens, a nerve fiber
at the bottom of the bud receives and transmits the particular information that
gives us the sensation of the four flavors.
That is the physiological taste pyramid: approximately 150,000 cells
inside 10,000 buds in 100 papillae.
And why are we able to taste? Well, why not? We do have to get energy,
and we've got to know about some of those millions of chemical because many
of them are needful for our survival. WE simply have to have some way to know
and distinguish what we're about to eat. A sense of taste that gave a unique
flavor to each of the 94 natural elements or the millions of kinds of molecules
would be too perplexing. So the simplicity of four flavors suits us well.
It is furthermore interesting that our tongue's sensory acuity, or detecting
ability, varies among the flavors. Some flavors are less noticeable. For example,
we sense sweetness less well than the other flavors.
Experiments with certain pure chemicals have given the following figures.
The human taste sense detects sweetness at a rate of one part in 200. That
would be equal to one cup pure sweetness in 12½ Gallons of distilled water.
Next, the tongue tastes saltiness at a ratio of one part per 400 (one cup in 25
Gallons). And sourness can be sensed at one part per 130,000 (one cup in
8,125 Gallons). Most notably of all, bitterness is noticed at one part per
2,000,000 (one cup in 125,000 Gallons). These statistics don't necessarily apply
to our everyday foods, but do show our tasting ability. It does indicate a
designed approach to sensing.
We are most able to taste bitter substances and least able to sense sweet.
High sensitivity to bitterness (10,000 times greater than awareness to sweetness,
5,000 times salt awareness, and 6 times that of sourness) is directly related to
the fact that many natural poisons have a bitter flavor. This particular sensing
ability is comparable to the many (3,000,000) pain detecting cells of the sense of
touch which provide basic physical protection. Here again, body defense is a
priority in protecting against dangerous plant alkaloid compounds.
Next, sensitivity to sourness (650 times greater than sweet sensing ability,
350 times salt; but 1/15th bitter) might also give some protection, but with more
interest and enjoyment. Salt detection (twice that of sweetness awareness,
1/325th sour, 1/5000th bitter) is more pleasing, and also helps to protect against
certain dangerous metals.
AIRY EMANATIONS
Here we have completed another binary sense duo. Balance and touch
were the primary sense pair. Taste and the nose make a second pair. Just as
taste is associated with the important body-sustaining functions of eating and
drinking, so the nose and sense of smell are involved in a more important role
than simply detecting odors. The nose is the inlet for air, a primary necessity for
our form of life. Air has oxygen, which is used to make food energy available in
our bodies. Both senses are helping by taking in solid, liquid, and gaseous
nutrients in the form of food, water, and air through the means of eating, drinking,
and breathing. The "Nurse and feeder" is what Shakespeare called taste in its
relation to the other senses. Though to taste or smell is not necessary for living,
the two can be considered our Sustaining Senses.
In addition, noses help to heat incoming cold air by means of blood
vessels in the nasal lining. Harmful bacteria, and dust, are caught in a mucous
blanket which continually drains to the stomach. And a large nose in a dry desert
helps to humidify the air. Ask a camel.
Flowers and odors are similar. They are more like an essence of matter.
While touch and balance are more concerned with actual substance and
conveying a more elemental aspect of nature. Flavors and odors have a much
greater emotional impact, and provide a little more awareness, and more
æsthetic appreciation of the environment than the feelings of the first binary pair.
The first pair of senses does work, keeps the body stable, manages the material
world. The second pair enables us to derive enjoyment and education from
essential qualities of a selected portion of the substance of creation.
Taste is limited to only four basic characteristics, and we taste only what is
in actual contact with the tongue. But the nose is a distance sense organ,
detecting scents from afar. Apple blossoms spread their fragrance to the wind,
but apple's taste must be on the tongue.
Peonies and pizza, sweaty feet and spearmint, new mown hay, turpentine
and apple pie, cheddar and chow-chow, there are many more odors than flavors.
And while taste is mainly concerned with eating, smelling may be used to judge a
wider variety of things from flowers to decaying meat, from spices to exhaust
fumes, and many inedible things. It is proper for smell to have such a greater
perceptual range, and thereby dominate over the sense of taste.
Without looking, tasting or touching it is possible to tell if a motor is
burning, a steak done cooking, feet are clean, soil is fertile, compost well rotted,
chickens and cows healthy, and the strawberries are ripe. And the greater ability
makes it possible to judge the quality of a possible food before putting it into the
mouth.
With the completion of the fourth sense, we see how our awareness
expands yet further into the world around. The purpose here being advanced is
the development of a fuller, more effective power to discern. These improving
abilities will lead to a greater sensory appreciation of our planetary home.
chapter five
TERRESTRIAL ANNUNCIATION
Very poetical. Also slightly off the facts. The "turns and twinings" and
"plaits and folds" (shape of the outer ear) amplify and carry onward the sound
rather than restraining.
The ear tries words, as the mouth taste meat.
- Elihu; Job 34:3.
The senses pick and choose from all that is about. They are interpreters,
each with its own language to translate reality to our being. And they are editors,
compiling their separate views, a taste, a touch, a sound.
Our sense of hearing brings the power to penetrate beyond the grasp of
more limited feelings. Hearing is a doorstep to higher sense.
How shall we believe, except we hear?
chapter six
"
Let there be light."
So said the Creator in the first recorded statement of the Holy Scriptures.
The primal necessity for light before all other undertakings in the Book of
Genesis witnesses to the superiority of this stimuli above the lesser five senses.
In the historical chronicle of humanity, in all enterprises whether lofty or
mundane, light and sight are preeminent prerequisites.
Stimuli for our sense of sight comes from a portion of the electromagnetic
spectrum. This energy system possesses a vast array of attributes. The whole
spectrum is a collection of many different kinds of energy, but all united into one
great assemblage. Actually, energy is the constituent substance of matter, it is
the stuff of which matter is made. And, therefore, matter is stored energy.
Nuclear bombs can convert matter into energy, and trees can convert energy into
matter.
Under varying conditions matter will give off diverse forms of energy.
Combustion allows wood to give off thermal energy. And the thermonuclear
hydrogen fusion taking place in the sun creates a whole smorgasbord of
energies. They are called electromagnetic, and make up a vibration range of 70
octaves. Included in this "key board" are sections of energy which have been
named Gamma, X, Light, TV, Infra-red, Ultra-violet, Radio, and Radar.
The first of our seven senses, balance involved energy from the earth
beneath. Now this sixth sense directs our perceptions upward and outward,
further into space. To our star, the sun. From it come the varied frequencies of
electromagnetic power pulsing throughout the solar system. This power is
transmitted at a rate of 186,000 miles per second (300,000 km p sec). It travels
along a spiral path in three-dimensional space (from the side this track has the
appearance of a two-dimensional wave). Different kinds and amounts of energy
travel in their own distinctive wave forms. Large quantities move in small waves,
while large waves carry small amounts of energy.
Does light require or have a medium for its propagation? Or does it really
travel through an empty vacuum? We know that sound travels because oxygen
and nitrogen air molecules are already vibrating by themselves at a speed of
1,000 mph (1,609 kph) and they can boost and convey the mechanical energy
which later becomes known as sound. And the resultant speed of sound (760
mph or 1,222 kph) is 24% less than the speed of air molecules (or, molecular
vibration is 31% faster then sound speed).
With the above in mind, it could be that the reason no medium for light
transmission has been discovered is that it would have to be composed of
infinitesimal particles vibrating at speed greater than light's. About 245,000 mps
(395,000 kph). This so-called ether medium would have to be a substance of
great potency, density, infinity, and eternity. Our physical senses simply cannot
discover such a dimension.
Whatever the case, our sense of sight is tuned in to a limited part of the
broad electromagnetic range, that is, light. This is a narrow band only about
1/70th of the whole spectrum. Visible light stimulates visual sensory cells. But
we cannot see X-rays, and other cosmic radiation. Light itself is also a spectrum,
a unity of parts, a homogeneity of diversity. Light is made up of colors. Again,
here is an orderly plan with colors being a part of light which is a part of
electromagnetism.
Light may be described by the same three basic terms used for sound:
frequency, intensity, and quality. Simply put, the frequency of light waves gives
the various hues, or colors. The basic ones are red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo, and violet. Human eyes are said to be able to distinguish 10,000,000
individual colors.
Intensity is the quantity (value, or brightness) of light, and goes from white
to gray to black; or, in colors, from tints to shades. We can detect some 500
shades of grayness. Quality (purity, saturation, or strength) means the hue's
weakness or strength. That is the amount of color (Intensity is the amount of
light), and ranges from pale to deep.
Two spheres create vision, the Sun, the Eye. The eye has several special
parts. First, is the cornea which is the outer layer of the eyeball and includes
three pairs of muscles. It has no temperature receptor nerves. Its clear
membrane in front slows and bends (refracts) the incoming light. Next is the
aqueous humour, a watery liquid also helping to refract the light. The entryway
for light is provided by the iris. This colored ring can change its inner diameter
and control the amount of light allowed into the eye. The small round entrance
formed by the iris is the pupil. Behind the iris, some 2,000 protein fibers make
up the lens, which is the major light refracting part of the eye. (The lens and the
cornea are the only truly transparent solid body tissues, and they are living
tissue). The interior of the eyeball is filled with a permanent, pressurized,
transparent jelly-like material, the vitreous humour. It maintains the shape of the
eyeball and also refracts light.
The eye hath euer bene thought the pearle of the face.
John Lyly, 1580.
Eyes not only receive, they give. Eyes themselves are the most
expressive of the sense organs.
Of the six physical, "earthy" senses so far considered, the eye and sense
of sight are much superior to the other five. These are positioned high in the
body above the others, and are tuned in to the most potent and far reaching of all
the physical stimuli. Other senses are restricted to earthly realms, the eye is not
so limited, but is the only one which is very well usable in outer space. And with
its associated structures, the lids, brows, lashes, and nearby facial areas, the eye
takes on a personality of its own. Eyes not only receive the most information of
the outer environment, but they also communicate the most of our inner worlds to
other beings around us.
The eye itself shows a spectrum of feelings. Eyes display the colors of the
heart and soul. The eye is a crowning jewel in the array of the senses. It can be
the most unselfish of the senses. Eyes do not merely take in and consume more
and more physical substance, eyes give. Eyes are the lucid panes through
which the light of our inner being travels outward to light and brighten beings and
hearts around us.
...Navarre is infected.
With that which we lovers entitle affected.
Why all his behaviors did make their retire.
To the court of his eye, peeping through desire:
His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed,
Proud with his form, in his eye pride express'd:
His tongue, all impatient to speak and not see,
Did stumble with haste in his eyesight to be;
All senses to that sense did make their repair,
To feel only looking on fairest of fair:
Methought all his senses were lock'd in his eye,
As jewels in crystal for some prince to buy;
. . . .
But to speak that in words which his eye hath disclos'd:
I only have made a mouth of his eye,
By adding a tongue which I know will not lie.
Boyet, in Act II, Scene I,
"Love's Labours Lost"; Shakespeare.
Once we can see, we need not touch a sharp edge, smell a rotten
cantaloupe, taste a green persimmon, or walk on an icy path. Still, our eyes are
properly limited in their ability to see.
This brief description of the first six of the seven senses is completed.
The real sixth sense is eyesight. (The commonly accepted, so-called "sixth
sense" that is related to ExtraSensory Perceptions is actually but a tiny part of
the seventh sense).
Once again, note that this is a third binary sense group. Balance and
touch, taste and the nose, eyes and ears -- each of these pairs forms a natural
combination. This last pair comprises the Intellectual, or Educated, senses.
Eyes and ears, light and sound, seeing and hearing account for the dominant
position of the third binary group. The hearing ear and seeing eye give our mind
a thrust and span beyond the body. These two make up the binocular (two eyes)
and binaural (two ears) senses.
Vibrations of sounds or radiation of light are not the sole concern of these
two. Rather, those stimuli serve to make audible and visible the environment we
live in. It is not the sound or light, but the things that make sounds and the things
that light reveals. These two senses and their cells and organs are marvelously
more sophisticated than the other four senses.
The eyes surpass the ears in perceptual ability.
Yet. . .
We learn more about language, speech, and music than about what can
be seen. But, still . . .
chapter seven
Is the brain all there is to the seventh sense? Is this compound of cells,
organs, and electrical impulses the sole source for consciousness, personality,
and character? If so, which brain sub-organs could account for such qualities?
What can be learned from a physiological comparison of human brain with
animal brain?
Consider a group of brains from such creatures as: whale, elephant,
dolphin, man, chimpanzee, cat, and rat. These are in order according to weight,
with man in mid-position. Now the main parts of all these brains are the same,
except for obvious size differences. Each brain contains a cerebellum,
cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, corpus callosum, cerebral cortex, and so
on.
The cell which makes up the nervous system, the neuron, is also present
in each of the seven selected brains. Each mammals neuron has parts similar to
man's. Man, however, does have the most complex dendrite branches. All
brains transfer information by electrochemical nerve pulses. And operation of the
neurons in each creature relies upon the same three chemicals. Each of the
nervous systems has similar sensory actions for the reception and transmission
of proprioceptive (balance), somesthetic (touch), gustatory (taste), olfactory
(smell), auditory (hearing), and visual (sight) stimuli.
These seven brains are also alike in the relating of certain organs with
important functions. For example, specialized areas of each cerebral cortex are
responsible for the greatest levels of awareness. Also, each reticular activating
system controls sleep and directs attention. The hypothalamus is in all seven
creatures an emotion center. The thalamus is the relay station. And the
cerebellum always coordinates muscle movements.
Why make these comparisons? Well, from these physical similarities
among the brains it would seem that humans are only slightly superior to
chimpanzees, dolphins, and whales. From the physiological evidence, that is,
humans seem like a part of the animal world.
But human behavior contrasts greatly with that of any animals. Consider
chapter eight
First and foremost one has to have a very deep love for
all the animals one comes in contact with, and coupled
with that one must be without fear. Animals can pick
up fear at quite a distance away, and their hearing is far more
accurate than a human being's.
But things even less perceptible to us than small sounds
can make animals frightened. They seem to me to pick
up fear as a fear-thought enters the mind of the person
dealing with them.
I am absolutely certain that people send out waves of
love or confidence, fear or hate, according to their
circumstances, and that animals are accustomed to this kind
of communication between themselves, and it is quite
hopeless to try to fool an animal.
Barbara Woodhouse,
Talking To Animals.
If there is some very ethereal medium for the propagation of light, perhaps
there is one for thought too. Compare what Isaiah the prophet said, "And your
ears shall hear a word behind you , saying 'This is the way walk you in it' when
you turn to the right hand, and when you turn to the left". Interestingly, no matter
which way a person turns they hear a sound from behind! Coincidence? Or
indication of an only barely discovered mystery yet to be revealed?
There is a matter and energy of the mind, however undetectable by the
physical senses. The cruder six know nothing of the substance of the mind, "eye
has not seen, nor ear heard".... And the mind sees what eyes cannot, hears
what ears cannot.
Where did this mind come from?
Evolution?
chapter nine
Now all seven senses have been described. But why do we have that
many? Aren't there really only five?
The number of senses, just like the number of planets or elements or
insect species or nerve cells, has been subject to revision. But to know that
there are seven senses is simply a matter of opening one's eyes and seeing what
is there. There has for along time been the attitude: "there are five senses, and
only five senses, and that's that!" This is the entrenched, dogmatic approach to
knowledge -- maintain the status quo and don't tell us anything we don't already
know. Opposite this is the agnostic view: "nobody knows how many senses
there are, there could be a million senses, who knows?"
Well, knowing is simple (understanding takes a bit of effort; wisdom....)But
first, look at some of the views that have been expressed over the years.
Perhaps Evan Esar knows what he says, "The five senses are horse sense,
innocence, common sense, concupiscence, and nonsense".
But why stop at just five?
William Rose Benét comments the following definition of this "sixth sense":
"A general sense assumed as the medium of perception in cases where none of
the five traditional senses seems to fit. This 'general' common sense is often
called the sixth sense. It is viewed as having the entire body as its organ or as
not being in need of a specific organ at all. Its name is a translation of the Latin
sensus communis. The signification 'good sense', 'horse sense' is a more recent
development. It seems to imply, on the basis of 18th Century philosophy, that
what is common to all human beings must be sound."
This is the well-known sixth sense of ESP fame. A mysterious ability to
know. Louisa Rhine says, "...the mind must have an ability to get information
without the senses . . . somehow the unconscious part of the mind can 'know'
items of information concerning the external world without the help of the senses.
...the physical answer about man is inadequate. It does not account for all of
him. Man's nature does include a nonphysical component."
Actually the "sixth" sense is part of the seventh sense. But we continue.
Let's see, four, five, six . . . ah, yes, seven. did anybody ever suppose there to
be seven peceptibilities? Of course.
Obviously. Maybe the above is the gist of Aristotle's idea that there is not
another sense besides his five. the problem there is in trying to link the number
of senses to the number of other objects in this world, elements of various kinds.
Anyway, his incomplete (wrong) surmise became established.
How many of the seven senses can you see involved here?
Then there is the minyan, this is mentioned in the book of Ruth: "And he
took ten men of the elders...." (4:2). Yes, but it just happens that the man who
gathered the ten, Boaz, is the seventh person named in the book. There are
seven active people, Elimelech, Naomi, Mahlon, Chilion, Orpah, Ruth and Boaz.
There are lots of things in the Bible in all sorts of numerical arrangements,
but this does not have to prove that there are a particular number of other items
which thereby must be put into an arbitrary grouping. Although there can be a
fundamental design - similarity here. Even the Ten Commandments can be set
into Seven.
So we see where the idea of five senses came from, and that it was
passed along over thousands of years. Superstitious gullibility would accept any
number of senses , or any number of any things if they would correspond to
some mystical numeration. Scientific skepticism would reject any number, for the
sake of more conjecture and theorizing.
Well, we do have senses --special organs designed to perceive the world
around us. they all work together and complement one another, just as a
carpenter uses many types of tools, each of them different, to build a house.
With our seven senses we build the world , constructing a fabric of perceptions.
We sense stimuli (light, heat, chemical). But we perceive objects (flame, apple,
soft earth). It is this latter "objectification" that makes sensation very special. We
are able to set apart the elements of our environment and discern certain of their
qualities.
What if we consisted of pure mind with no body? then we would not have
the tools to perceive heat, light, movement, chemistry. How would a "pure
consciousness" ever be able to gain knowledge of anything of which to be
conscious? No, we are very well-made creatures for living on the Earth.
Consciousness needs senses to become aware. Our senses make Experience
real!
chapter ten
SENSORY ENRICHMENT
The concept of seven senses is not a theory or some occult idea. All of us
have always had them. And it is the mind component in the seventh sense which
sets us apart from and above forms of animal life. Beyond the fact that there are
seven senses, we must consider the practical aspect of the subject.
How does a person use one or more of the senses? How has the way we
sense our surroundings changed through time? What sorts of stimuli are there in
the environment? What is the quality of those stimuli? Our objective should be to
develop our sensory capacity, our ability to see, hear, and senses all aspects of
life. The goal is to become more aware, to seek quality and good in the world
around.
There are four sides to our sensory lives, two positive and two negative.
The two negative parts are Deprivation and Assault. Sensory deprivation means
there is very little or no sensory input. It may be because of the loss of one or
more of the body's senses, or a lack of the stimuli. Blindness and deafness and
anosmia are loss of the sensing abilities of the eye, ear, and noise respectively.
Monotonous architectural designs, bland food, and deodorized surroundings are
examples of the lack of stimuli.
Sensory assault is a flood of stimuli. Excessive food seasoning and noise
are examples of stimuli bombardment. One form of sensory assault is sensory
overload, and often occurs on vacation trips to unfamiliar places. A person is
then deluged by new and strange sights, sounds, odors, exotic foods, changed
time zones, and rapid or unfamiliar modes of transportation which may upset the
balance sense. Usually this overload of the senses diminishes after a brief
familiarization process. Still, many a traveler, arriving home after a "nine country
in one week" journey, may have a feeling of wondering not "where am I?" but
"where was I?"
There are two positive avenues for culturing the senses. They are
Awareness and Enrichment. Sensory awareness is a beginning point, it is
knowing that a certain sense exists and that there are environmental stimuli to
perceive. It is the discovery that one has eyes and that there are many, many
things to see.
Sensory enrichment is the nurturing and refinement of our sensing
abilities. Enrichment is the result of developing awareness. It is a learning
process. Knowing how to see, hear, etc. Understanding why there are certain
sights, sounds, etc. It is the main subject of this chapter, and of Life. So, we
ought to consider our sensory lives in terms of deprivation, assault, awareness,
and enrichment. This small overview is merely a first step. Further goals and
progress toward them are up to each of us.
BALANCE. First of our senses. It has been the forgotten sense. Our
sense of equilibrium and movement is mostly unconscious, and very
unintellectual. Few of us need to develop a well refined sense of balance such
as is the talent of circus performers. Athletes, ballerinas, gymnasts, loggers, and
hikers require many years and much experience and daily physical training. Yet
there are less strenuous possibilities in the development of a better sense of
balance.
But, first the negative news. Sensory deprivation is a somewhat difficult
situation to define. After all, if a stimuli isn't there, how do we know that we've
been deprived of it? How do we know what's missing? Our softly cushioned
automobiles shield us from actively experiencing travel, we don't walk much,
shoes deprive (even deform) the feet of the opportunity to move, to closely
sense the ground, things and machines take the place of body motions. In such
ways our sense of balance has been deprived.
Assault upon balance is quite varied. Hard walking surfaces, mechanized
means of travel, and poorly designed footwear. Human feet were not made to
walk on concrete. Trains, planes, and autos are upsetting to balance, too. "It
took all day to get the motion of the cars out of my head," said one
transcontinental train passenger. Many ill-designed shoe styles attack, cramp
and strain our feet. And there are the two extremes of high-heeled and negative
heeled shoes. They compress the muscles on the back or front of the leg while
straining the muscles on the opposite side. The position of leg and back bones
is thus altered and that throws the entire body slightly off balance. Unconscious
attempting to compensate, the muscles throughout the body strain to keep our
fleshly architecture on a stable footing. The result of a day in poorly fitted shoes
may be a slight, overall fatigue. People used to walk on soft surfaces, hay, snow,
earth, grass. In addition to the assaults, the loss of balance leads to millions of
accidents in the form of falls and sports injuries.
For the positive side, becoming aware of balance is limited by the fact that
this sense is mainly unconscious. We generally don't notice balance sensations
very much. And we can't control the body in so refined a manner as we do with
eyesight. So, it's necessary to become aware of what's missing and then begin
enrichment.
It is said that the best foot exercise is walking barefoot on uneven ground.
Walking is also the best exercise for the 100+ muscles moving and holding the
back. It's good for the feet to be free on a natural or cushioned surface. Walking
barefoot is good for our too often shoe-bound feet. It gives us much more
information about the ground and our relation to it Be realistic, though, because
unnatural concrete, gravel, sharp metal, glass, uncurbed dogs, thorns, stairs, and
slippery floors are dangerous A good alternative is a comfortable pair of supple,
well-fitting, low heeled shoes that allow the feet to feel more alive. Also, cotton or
wool socks, daily washing and massage are necessary.
Whole body exercise is involved, too, providing sensory enrichment for the
body sense. Fifteen to 45 minutes daily of moving the skeleton and
strengthening the muscles is the foundation of health. The resulting healthy
heart feeds the whole body, and a healthy body is the best physical home for the
mind. All the senses become more alive when we improve health through a good
exercise program. Bright eyes, alertness, a renewed appetite, and increased
sensitivity through a more pliant skin -- all can be the product of good health.
Beware, however, of substituting sport for exercise. Few athletes depend
on their sport to provide a well-conditioned body. In fact, professional sports
often emphasize the least movement in the execution of a particular part of the
game. The great American game of baseball is a good example. Players are
sitting half the time, standing around most of the rest, or, very rarely, running
short distances. A sport can never take the place of daily intensive training or
exercise.
Nothing replaces enthusiastic energetic body activity free from the mental
stress of competition. Bicycles, skateboards, cross-country and alpine skiing,
skating, hiking, frisbees, dancing, and gymnastics provide much enrichment for
the sense of balance.
Flavors. The sense of taste is very much deprived in our overfed society. It is a
deprivation not of quantity but of quality. How can we know that our food has ben
deprived of its natural flavor? This is an important question. Sensory deprivation
limits Awareness. If a person has always eaten bland, flavorless (or even
artificially treated) food, then how can such a person possibly know what's
missing? Modern flour milling, sugar refining, preserving, canning, and other
processing deprives us of sensory experiences.
Taste is also very much assaulted. Sugared, oiled, salted, artificially
flavored and treated foods, fast foods, faster eating, and over eating -- all
constitute a gastronomic bombardment.
Becoming aware of good taste sensations requires a little effort,
investigation, and information. It might be impossible. In some cases we are so
deprived of flavorful foods that there is no knowledge of the true natural flavors.
Many don't know what a real tomato is supposed to taste like. In the past, foods
were often fresh and prepared in the home according to an interestingly wide
variety of recipes. Too, cooking and preparation methods were more
individualized and varied. Present day availability of good quality food is some
what limited. Nevertheless, awareness and enrichment of the sense of taste can
be simple to do and rewarding. Consider a few specific foods.
coffee. Instead of instant and freeze-dried, there are the freshly ground (or
whole bean) individual varieties. Tea. The tin of loose leaves provides a much
more flavorful drink than ordinary tea bags and many kinds to choose from.
Oolong, Darjeeling, Lapsang Souchong, Pekoe, etc. And don't forget the "herbs"
--chamomile, wintergreen, henbit, spearmint, licorice root, red clover, and many
mixtures. Along with juices of fruits and vegetables, it can be quite a change to
become aware of these different kinds of coffee and tea.
Fresh fruits and vegetables from home garden, orchard, or produce
market, and wild fruit from the country side are a world apart from the sugared or
salted canned kind. (Home gardening happens to be an enriching experience for
all the senses). Home-baked whole grain breads appeal to many of the senses
-- the texture, color, aroma, flavor, even kneading and waiting for the dough to
rise, all make a person more aware and provide a rich assortment of stimuli. In
addition there are some good bakeries which provide many well-made special
varieties of bread that are an enjoyable change from the deprived white bread.
A better substitute for the deprived white sugar is honey. The texture,
color, aroma, and flavors of orange blossom, eucalyptus, alfalfa, clover,
buckwheat, sunflower, avocado, etc. are a great improvement over the
impoverished pale sweetener. The consumption (80 - 100 pounds per year) of
white sugar is in itself a sensory assault. But enrichment of sense experiences
involves the appreciation of quality, not quantity. Look in nature and see that
sugar is found in tiny proportions. Our sugar is a refined material, not a natural
food. Smaller amounts of more natural sweeteners would be better for our
health.
Enriching the sense of taste means eating good food, not weird food, and
enjoying sensible amounts. Fresh blueberries in milk are infinitely better than
imported, canned squid. And a spoonful of wildflower honey has more beauty
than a ton of refined sugar. But it takes effort to search out the best, whether in
garden, market, or woodland and field. And good food deserves good cooking.
Cooking is the most elemental of the arts, and further enriches life when the
family is together around the table sharing food and fellowship.
What applies to taste also in many ways involves the sense of smell. Our
noses, too, receive their share of deprivation and assault. Odor deprivation may
refer to pleasing or to bad smells. Processed foods often lack their characteristic
aroma. The same may be said for foods served too cold or too dry. Odoriferous
assaults come from air pollution caused by our industrialized world, engines,
factories, crowding, chemicals, burning tobacco leaves, over use of scents....
Developing an awareness of good, pleasing smells might be difficult.
Because many fragrances have been eliminated from our civilized environment
or have been covered up by man made chemicals, they just aren't there.
However, the sense of smell can be educated through attention and use. We
can "stop to smell the roses". But only if the roses are there.
Reactions to olfactory stimuli are extremely personal. The odor of a
particular city or neighborhood, of certain cheese and foods, new mown hay,
peculiar fragrances of individual cultures, or a fertile soil may be perceived as
pleasant or offensive by different persons. In addition, odors have the strange
power to bring up memories that are specially one's own.
Enriching our perception of odors might involve wise selection of personal
fragrances, seeking the freshest foods, using herbs and spices, planting herbs or
flowers, and going out in the natural environs at times when nature's fragrances
are at their best (after or during a warm rain, on a sunny spring morning or
autumn afternoon).
Perhaps there is too little deprivation of sound stimuli. Almost everywhere we are
assaulted by a sometimes continuous barrage of sounds. Background music,
highways and airways, crowded parties, amplified music, the machinery and
tools of our trades, radio and TV programming that abhors a silence, and on and
on. If someone doesn't know what quiet is like, or what it's like to hear soft
sounds, then how can he know what's missing? Perhaps we are addicted to
sound, hooked on decibels, freaked-out on frequencies, requiring constant
auditory stimulation.
And we are not even safe from noise in our homes. Oddly enough, the
noisiest appliances are in the rooms which are least able to absorb that noise.
The bathroom and kitchen both have walls, floors, ceilings, and other fixtures that
are very strong sound reflectors. Hard smooth shower tiles, waterproof paneling,
steel refrigerators and stoves bounce back at us the whirring, humming, buzzing,
grating, rumpling, whooshing, and popping sounds of dozens of appliances.
With this sensory overload it may be difficult to develop an awareness for
sounds. It requires listening, and the removal of interfering noises. Listen to
people. Listen to their accents, linguistic dialect, rhythm of speech, vocabulary,
pauses and phrasing. Listen to their sighs and exclamations, and their laughter
and crying. Most of all, just listen. Speech has been called "the offspring of the
ear". and it a path to understanding. Understanding comes from perceptive
listening, not talking. True communication is from heart to heart by way of the
ears.
A further enrichment of the sense of hearing is in the pleasing experience
of music. Here we should seek out music with depth of quality. Too much
present day music is designed for the time limitations of commercial radio
programming. A 3-minute song may have little depth. Also, much "music" is
verbal commentary, opinions, not tuneful art. Developing an appreciative ear
takes time and effort. Find sources of good music, whether radio, recordings, or
concerts. And really perceptive listening needs to be built up through attention
and learning.
Try to listen to the sounds of nature. Birds, wind, falling and flowing water
provide an infinite and delightful variety. Birds change their songs according to
season, time of day, and their activities. Wind sounds vary when blowing through
the leafy boughs of different species of trees. And the change in sound through
the length of a stream or river has a very musical quality, as represented
artistically in Bedrich Smetana"s The Moldau, or Johann Strauss" Blue Danube.
Listening to the wild is to tune into the mood and rhythm of the
wilderness within which almost all creatures find a way to
communicate. To city and near-city dwellers, whose ears rarely
escape the onslaught of sound pollution, natural areas at first seem
strangely empty and silent. Yet out there, from every leaf, nest,
burrow, and thicket, a multitude constantly sends and receives
audible messages of joy and grief, love and anger, fear and
challenge, aggression, pain, and submissiveness. Once your "bush
ears" become seasoned, the throbbing humming, reverberating
burble of inexplicable harmonics emerges as a system of varied but
organised signals which scientists believe to be essential for each
species and each individual animal's survival within the complex
pattern of existence.
As one listens and wonders, one becomes increasingly aware of a
new dimension, a new spectrum of Nature. to explore the kingdom
of the wild is to touch upon the very soul of the wilderness.
Sue Hart, Listen To The Wild,
South African Panorama, 1/77.
Nature provides more enjoyment for the sense of sight than for any of the
lesser senses. Look for the myriad forms of light in the sky. There are wonders
such as Glories and the Gegenshein, Haze and Haloes, Rainbows, Aureoles,
Sun Dogs and Sun Pillars, Sunrise, Sunset, and the Aurora Polaris, Mirages and
Haidinger's Brush, Coronas and Sun Crosses, Lightening and Twilight, St. Elmo's
Fire and the Fata Morgana, the Afterglow and Green Flash, the Alpenglow and
the Gloaming. All are free for the seeing -- for those who have eyes to see. The
earth too is filled with interesting sights. Such landforms as caves, craters,
barchan dunes, braided rivers, ridges, hogbacks, drumlins, and tomboloes may
be seen. Many earth features are easily and dramatically viewed from the
comfortable seat beside the window in an airplane
We too often let the weatherman, satellite, and computer be our eyes. But
anyone can learn to forecast local weather. It simply takes attentive observation.
Much weather lore has been compiled over centuries when most people lived
and worked out of doors. For example, "When you see a cloud rising in the west,
you say at once, 'A shower is coming'; and so it happens. And when you see the
south wind blowing, you say, 'There will be scorching heat'; and it happens. You
know how to interpret the appearance of earth and sky." (Luke 12:54 - 56).
Farmers and sailors used to cultivate a "weather eye" -- meaning to continually
be aware of clouds, wind direction, temperature, etc. Weather Wisdom by Albert
Lee, has much such knowledge.
Ever notice that in nature you almost never see a straight line? Nature is
curvilinear -- in light waves, pond ripples, sea waves, meandering streams of
water, rolling sand dunes. And spirals seen in sunflowers, sliced red cabbage,
rams' horns, pine cones, sea shells, and galaxies. There are graceful lines of the
human form, shapely flower petals, and the Appalachian mountains.
So much complex visual variety there is in nature, as John Muir states,
When a page is written over but once it may be easily read; but if it
be written over and over with characters of every size and style, it
soon becomes unreadable, although not a single confused
meaningless mark may occur among all the written characters....
Our limited powers are similarly perplexed and overtaxed in reading
the inexhaustible pages of nature, for they are written over and over
uncountable times, written in characters of every size and color,
sentences composed of sentences, every part of a character a
sentence. There is not a fragment in all nature, for every relative
fragment of one thing is a full harmonious unit in itself. All together
they form the one grand palimpsest of the world.
A Thousand-Mile Walk to the Gulf.
All about there are mysteries, revelations, puzzles, and subtleties. And
once the eyes and senses begin to open in discernment there is no end to the
wealth of wonders. Those who have eyes, let them see..
Another observer of life tell us,
Dear Nancy,
Achieving the best is a life-long process. We take in much information from the
six senses to help accomplish that goal. But it is the seventh sense, mind, that is
the key to success. Our minds are repositories for all knowledge from the
senses. The other senses teach, our mind learns. Other senses diminish with
physical age, the mind develops through the years and endows us with
character.
The pursuit of solely physical pleasures through the senses will not bring
lasting satisfaction. It is the mind which retains all the lessons learned through
life. Even when that knowledge is acquired through mistakes. And it is the mind
whose development can guide each person in the proper use of the lesser
senses. Therefore we must seek for the enrichment of the seventh sense.
chapter ten
We ar conscious of our life upon this earth Six physical senses, the brain,
and mind traverse the interface between reality without and perception within.
Consciousness is not some exalted state of mind. It merely means to be alive, to
have seven functioning senses, and to dwell in a perceivable dimension.
Sleeping or waking, consciousness is the idling, warming engine of our
sensitivity. It provides simply the vehicle for the beginning of a long journey
which the mind must travel.
Consciousness basically derives from physical readiness for perception, a
healthy living body with seven open channels to the world around. Even asleep,
the mind is conscious -- of dreams, cold feet, a baby's cry. One-third of our lives
(and human history) passes by unseen behind the dark curtain of somnolence.
Sleep will turn out to have been one of the major determinants acting upon the
course of our social development. Slumbering babes, weary napping soldiers,
drowsing judges, and nocturnally abandoned factories, fields, and palaces have
been part of a great "balance wheel", a weight that has measured the pace and
progress of humanity's war, work and thought.
Consciousness is the first step out of another darkness, Ignorance -- "the
night of the mind". Ignorance is "to not know that we do not know". Born under
this shroud, too many content themselves to remain safe within its protective
confines till they end as the shrivelled remains of a worm in a never-breached
cocoon. So much the better to die safe, than to risk tearing a wing in flight to
new worlds where await tastes of Elysian nectars.
Well, the remedy is, simply ... think. An open mind is needed to remove
the blinders of a narrow point of view. But a mind shouldn't be open as a hole in
the wall, to let in every gust and storm from without. Rather, have a ring of
windows for the seventh sense to clearly see outward all around, with solid
safety. That window is guileless skepticism -- a "prove [test] all things, hold fast
to the good" approach. And when light enters, the mind grows. "The recipe for
perpetual ignorance is: be satisfied with your opinions and content with your
knowledge," said Elbert Hubbard. So, use the seven senses, get the facts, "get
wisdom, and with all your getting get understanding; buy the truth, and sell it not".
It's simple country house-cleaning -- let in the light and fresh air, and scrub with
pure clean water.
This Enlightenment is to know what we don't know.
...whosoever hath his mind fraught with many thoughts, his wits and
understanding do clarify and break up in the communicating and the
discoursing with another: he tosseth his thoughts more easily; he
marshaleth them more orderly; he seeth how they look when they are
turned into words; finally, he waxeth wiser than himself; and that more by
an hour's discourse, than by a day's meditation.
...a man learneth of himself, and bringeth his own thoughts to light, and
whetteth his wits as against a stone, which itself cuts not. In a word, a
man were better to relate himself to a statue, or picture, than to suffer his
thoughts to pass in smother.
It was well said by Themistocles to the king of Persia, that speech is like
the cloth of Arras, opened, and put abroad, whereby the imagery doth
appear in figure; whereas in thoughts they lie but as in packs.
That was said by Francis Bacon who lived from 1561 to 1626. That was
when conversation was a major communicating medium, taking the place of
television, radio, books, newspapers, and even schools. Talking was a learning
tool. Today, a large portion of our information and education comes through
impersonal electronic or paper media where the talk is simply in one direction.
Minds need to grow, and conversational interaction with others is a good
opportunity. While percentages are probably widely variable, more and more
people are finding out what's going on through the non-human appliances of
modern technological culture.
If talking is a complement to thinking, then listening is the counterbalance
to speech.
One thing which makes us find so few people who appear reasonable and
agreeable in conversation is, that there is scarcely anyone who does not
think more of what he is about to say than of answering precisely what is
said to him. The cleverest and most complaisant people content
themselves with merely showing an attentive countenance, while we can
see in their eyes and minds a wandering from what is said to them, and an
impatience to return to what they wish to say; they do not reflect that it is a
bad way of pleasing or persuading others, to be so studious of pleasing
oneself, and that listening well and answering well are among the greatest
perfections that can be attained in conversation.
Francois La Rochefoucauld.
I believe that the clue to his mind is to be found in his unusual powers of
continuous concentrated introspection. His peculiar gift was the power of
holding continuously in his mind a purely mental problem until he had seen
straight through it. His pre-eminence is due to his muscles of intuition
being the strongest and most enduring with which a man has ever been
gifted.
Any one who has ever attempted pure scientific or philosophical thought
knows how one can hold a problem momentarily in one's mind and apply
all one's powers of concentration to piercing through it, and how it will
dissolve and escape and you find that what you are surveying is a blank.
I believe that Newton could hold a problem in his mind for hours and days
and weeks until it surrendered to him its secret.
John Maynard Keynes, Newton The Man.
I had six honest serving men who taught me all they knew;
their names were Where and What and When, and
Why and How and Who.
Rudyard Kipling.
Formulating and wording a query is like baiting a fishing hook, use the
right kind and size, properly phrased, and you catch the prize answers.
Questions are a critical element in culturing the mind.
Too often we go along never thinking that there are questions which
should be -- must be -- asked. We are on this planet to explore; adventure is the
finest form of curiosity. Someone said "death is the ultimate question". Not so.
Death is a physical certainty, life is the question. Who are we? Why are we
here? What will we do? The tzaddik and the inquisitor, the child and the
congressman, the wise person and the fool, the judge and the convicted, all ask.
Knowing when and about what to ask, that separates the keen minds from the
dull ones. Ask and the pathway will open. But first, have the proper question-key
that fits the door.
Thinking, Concentration, Problem-Solving, and Questions are all involved
with the getting of knowledge, the prime quality of which must be Truth. What is
actual, pure, exact, and right -- that is to be sought out and built into the structure
of a well-endowed mind.
The harvest of this mental venture is first, Perception. To perceive is to
know, to make inherently your own the truths garnered by thinking, concentration,
problem solving, and the asking of questions. Ignorance was when you did not
know that you did not know; awareness helps you to know that you do not know;
and, perception is to know, and know that you know. It is the fulfillment of
enlightenment.
A concentrated, incisive form of perception is the "microscope of the
mind", Discernment. Perception is a basic form of mental sight, it means to see
what is explicit, overt, or obvious. But discernment (which is keen insight, or the
"mind's eye") sees what is within, covered, or implicit. For example, we may look
with our consciously aware and attentive physical eyesight and perceive a
collection of circles. But we can look still further by thinking, concentrating,
questioning, problem-solving and with the mind's insight we can discern "pi r
squared". We can look at trees and discern the Fibonacci Sequence
(1>1>2>3>5>8>13>21. . . .), related to the Golden Section, and Universal Spiral
of Dynamic Symmetry. We can put tiny sand grains on a vibrating metal plate
and see them organize into a spiral form, then look into the heavens and, seeing
a similar form in the galaxies, discern the Great Sustaining Forces which give
order to the Universe.
Discernment seeks the underlying principles and strives to answer not the
question "what?", but the question "why?"
When we have acquired this understanding. When we have achieved a
full apprehension of all the stimuli, data, thoughts, and principles. When we have
met obstacles, and have overcome them, while learning to think and question.
When we have obtained the long-sought goal, then comes Comprehension.
When it's all put together, we can not only know and understand, but can
believe. As a mordant binds dye to fabric, so belief is the fixative which makes
Truth a part of us. To learn and not believe is like swallowing but not digesting
food. Belief is the personal assimilation of knowledge.
This journey from consciousness to comprehension, may seem a lofty
one. But there are so many people who are aware of little beyond ignorance,
who think little and concentrate less, and all from their own point of view, who ask
no questions, solve only the easy problems, and believe what is most
comfortable.
Poisons may be digested by the stomach as easily as evil or lies are taken
up by the intellect. Food for the mind must be examined carefully before it is
believed.
Just as there must be a change of mind in going from ignorance to
awareness, so inevitably there is sure to be some mental transformation in order
to finally arrive at the state of Comprehension. And it requires quite a bit of effort.
Listen how this man strove,
On a more encouraging note, there is Marta Beckett, who says, "How can
anyone be lonely when you have an imagination?"
These eminent qualities of Imagination, Intuition, Reflection, etc. can be
described as easily as one can take a picture of the wind, or explain a smile.
They have to be known and experienced.
Intuition is a sort of mental X-ray vision, which sees the essential hard
facts and discerns the meanings and solutions. a way of coming up with the
answer without knowing exactly the question.
Dreaming is akin to imagination in that it is an unstressed procedure. It is
imagination elevated/magnified, it is freer, unshackled by care. Day-Dreaming is
usually misused, and often confused with mind-wandering. But it can be a
valuable tool. It can be used to build ideas, dissect answers, examine
alternatives, and to wonder, hope, and plan. Dreaming is rightly taken in small
portions, as it is powerful, and can be the master of the weak mind, or the
servant of the mighty intellect.
Then there are three forms of mental rejuvenation. First, we can take the
day's happenings and perceptions and hold them up to the mirror of our minds.
And Reflect. This is an experience oriented consideration of past personal
events and trauma. It is a balancing, a putting in perspective. Reflection is not
looking directly at the past events, but rather seeing them mirrored in our own
selves. As with a body of water, the ability of the mind to reflect depends upon
mental depth, clarity of thought, and most of all placidity of disposition. Just as
deep, clear, calm lakes show the best reflections, so the mind must be at peace
in order to show the best reflected image on our thoughts.
Reflection is best undertaken in the evening of the day. Then is the time
to consider the day's happenings. Were they just happenings? Or the result of
planned, purposeful intentions? Did "things happen to me", or do "I happen to
them"? (-A. E Lahart). Did we live the day, or just let it occur by chance? And
how do the experiences of the day weigh out in the sum of our lives?
To reflect well requires memory. A recall of things and events. Forget all
the mnemonic books, ideas, and techniques. Remembering is simple. It needs
only interest, attention, relation, and repetition. You'll remember what you really
care about and pay attention to. Try to connect things in a sensible way, and
rehearse them. There is a difference between memory and memorizing. We all
have minds with built-in memory capacity. It's a natural human ability. But
memorizing burdens us with rote learning techniques and pressures. It is
possible to make oneself ignorant through a "good" memory -- because it gives a
false sense of knowing and encourages a neglect of further efforts to learn. It is
possible to remember facts but forget meaning. If you want to remember, then
get to know the people, trees, rocks, birds, states, presidents, kings of England,
counties of Ireland, books of the Bible. Learn their character, what they're really
all about. And if you still can't remember, just write it down!
Next, a thought-distilling procedure will be of value. This may be called
the prism of the mind, for, as a prism separates the colors in light, this activity
draws forth the essentials of what we have perceived. It is another unstressful
mental re-creation.
It is not the number of books you read, nor the variety of sermons
you hear, nor the amount of religious conversation in which you mix,
but it is the frequency and earnestness with which you meditate
these things till the truth in them becomes your own and part of your
being, that ensures your growth.
Frederick Wm. Robertson.
Not hasty reading, but seriously meditating.... Not the bee touching
the flower, but abiding for a time, and drawing out the sweet. Not he
that reads most, but he that meditates most.
Joseph Hall.
Where there is no vision, the people perish: but he that keeps the law,
happy is he. - King Solomon, Proverbs 29:18.
Laws are what govern the actions of things. To know key principles
enables us to foretell how events will take place. Our future is very much
dependent upon how well we apply right principles in today's life situations. By
knowing what are the relevant laws and how they work, we can project the likely
outcome of a particular course of action. Vision is light and life.
Yes, now you know. Now you know! That's what it was to be alive.
To move about in a cloud of ignorance, to go up and down trampling
on the feelings of those . . . of those about you. To spend and waste
time as though you had a million years. To be always at the mercy
of one self-centered passion or another.
Our Town, Thornton Wilder.
We can enrich and develop the special gift of our mind. But not alone. And not
fully here and now. We dust of the earth have much in common with the stars.
But no one truly believes it. Philosophers are blind. Religions glory in the bricks
and rocks they have piled together by their own hands. Schools teach
ignorance, and lower the passing score to accept those who haven't enough of it.
No one wants to wake up and see the light.
chapter eleven
SENSORY SYNTHESIS
It's now easy enough to see that every human being has been designed
with seven special distinct, and harmoniously interdependent senses. While our
bodies and minds have been analyzed and measured by generations of
scientists, artists, and philosophers, it is no great detraction from their efforts that
they have never discovered that there are seven senses.
More analysis can serve little good. Analysis is a process of dissection,
taking apart; and dissection takes place on a dead body. What we need is not
more psychoanalysis but psychosynthesis. Putting it all back together. We
originated (were born/created) put together. Humans have too long measured
"progress" by how much they take apart nature or society. Peoples and animals,
cultures and land have been examined, defined, analyzed, categorized, and
compartmentalized.
And so we have monoculture agriculture. Very specialized plants and
animals are raised in artificial, chemically sustained environments. And there is
specialization in health care, with the body too often treated in parts rather than
as a whole. then there is disunity in society, division of labor, and competing
factions throughout every area of human endeavor.
It is a sign of some progress to see the expansion of the science of
ecology, a study which seeks to put back together what was together before
humans took it apart. Some health care servants have begun practicing a more
holistic form of therapy, an approach with the emphasis on maintenance of good
health and prevention of disease. farmers and gardeners in growing numbers
are using methods in harmony with nature, an "ecological agriculture" (natural
farming, organic gardening) which seeks a synthesis of soil, plant, animal, man,
and weather. And others are establishing themselves in lifestyles of wholeness,
of unity with nature and harmony with humanity.
In keeping with thee need for unity, harmony, and wholeness, we should
also try to find activities which involve all the senses. We can continue the
enrichment of sensory perceptions, and nurture our natural abilities to see, hear,
feel, etc. How? And Where? At home, on the job. at school or play, in country or
city. Each person must write his or her own book on the enrichment of the
senses. That book becomes the sum of our experience and understanding of
life, and grows into the form of our character.
An archaeologist or policeman, prospector or teacher, gardener, physician,
farmer, or parent -- all will profit greatly through developing their seven senses.
One of the most perceptive American adventurers describes one kind of aware
person:
A very different man, seen now and then at long intervals but
usually invisible is the free roamer of the wilderness -- hunter,
prospector, explorer, seeking he knows not what. Lithe and sinewy,
he walks erect, making his way with the skill of wild animals, all his
senses in action, watchful and alert, looking keenly at everything in
sight, his imagination well-nourished in the wealth of the
wilderness, coming into contact with free nature in a thousand
forms, drinking at the fountains of things, responsive to wild
influences, as trees to the winds. Well he knows the wild animals
his neighbors, what fishes are in the streams, what birds in the
forests, and where food
may be found. Hungry at times and weary, he has corresponding
enjoyment in eating and resting, and all the wilderness is home.
John Muir, Steep Trails.
Aroma. The nose takes part in much of the above. Spices and herbs, a
garden, a special window plant help. But it is difficult to develop the ability of this
sense in a culture that tends to suppress olfactory stimuli.
Hearing. Lesser of the two intellectual senses, ears love music. Finding good
sources is the problem. Is it possible to listen to one really good musical
performance each week. Can we easily listen to different styles and kinds : folk,
jazz, advertising jingles, Blues, Dixieland, big band, acoustic; guitar, lute, tuba,
zither, tambourine, castanet, harmonica, jug band; symphony orchestra, chamber
quartet klezmer band.... There are myriads of musical melodies to muse upon.
More importantly, listen to people. Especially the young; and the old; and
the in-between. "Nobody listens" is a common complaint. Which is odd, after all
we have two ears and one tongue. One of the main topics in King Solomon's
book of Proverbs is speech, for example:
Seventh Sense. Last but not least, the mind is the lasting sense. When
the eyes grow dim, when the ears pall of hearing, the nose and taste dull, touch
numbs, and balance becomes inert and supine -- then the mind may still live on
and grow. The lesser sensual perceptions are helpful in this earthly life, but their
purpose is to serve the mind.
If a government wants information they sometimes assign a spy to
observe a particular person or country or situation. When a political party wants
to know the views of a certain segment of society they appoint a member of that
group to head a committee which will report those special interests. Similarly,
our conscious mind employs six other senses to inform us of special aspects of
this earthly environment. Each sense reports back to the brain, where the
knowledge thus supplied can serve to edify the higher sense. And our Conscious
Aware Mind is the director of this intelligence gathering team, this "Sensory
Intelligence Agency".
Because the mind/brain is involved with all activities we must seek to
enrich the mind through all endeavors. In this respect, projects should be sought
which will culture our higher sensibilities. We can learn to think and wonder,
search and ask. Just as the body must be fed and exercised in order to grow
and be in health, so the mind must constantly be nurtured throughout life. Each
mind is unique, and mental development is a personal responsibility. So
everyone needs to find the best way to build his or her mind. Realize that this
does not mean only intellectual development. Just as with all the other senses,
so the mind has a varied range of capability. And, being the chief of all the
senses, the mind has the greatest spectrum of the most wonderful attributes.
While the brain is responsible for helping us to see the colors in light
entering the eyes, the mind has the capacity to create the colors of our
personality. As the mind grows and develops, we improve awareness, learn to
understand.
Benjamin Franklin also tried such a study. Ben had the goal of arriving at
"moral perfection". He listed 13 virtues:
Franklin and Brande developed their own personal growth projects. There
have been adventuresome people who set out on various pursuits after deciding
what goals they want to accomplish in this life, and others who get by with a few
New Year's resolutions. What novel, down to earth, stimulating, reasonable,
rewarding, simple, achievable, revolutionary projects could we try?
@Investigate the local geography; what rocks are under foot; what
interesting landscape features are nearby.
@Plant a tree
@Read a good magazine on an unfamiliar topic -- boxing, shortwave
radio listening, treasure hunting, brides, Blacks, writing, science,
monsters.
@Learn about a peculiar subculture -- sheepherders, homeless
men/women in big cities, polo clubs, Russian street-sweepers, book
editors.
@Climb a mountain (or a low hill)
@Prove at least one thing that's always been taken for granted; really
prove that it's true.
@Get rid of one fear.
@Learn a folk dance
@Build a bridge (a board across a puddle, or a friendship between
people).
@Paint a picture (or, draw a rough sketch).
@Learn one good thing about a despised person or group.
@Get rid of another fear.
@Do some of the things suggested in this book.
@Create a new and tasty recipe.
Growing, maturing, and building character is what it's all about. Sensory
enrichment can be an enduring adventure which seasons and matures the
individual and nurtures those whom he or she dwells among. And this need not
be expensive, or exotic, or strange, or abstruse, or esoteric.
Every day gives every person an equal amount of time. Too often that
time gets filled with things, instead of being filled with our own lives.
chapter twelve
A BETTER WAY
We human creatures have ben designed with seven senses. This has long gone
unrecognized. The so-called "five senses" are easily noticed of course. Yet it's
not that difficult to see that we have a definite, well organized sixth sense,
balance. And the brain, too, is a sense. It represents the seventh system and
receives all physical sensations. Its functioning actually creates perceptions. We
could not use the six physical senses without the master control brain. The brain
is to the senses what ecology is to the sciences. Ecology is the sum of all the
sciences -- biology, chemistry, geography, mathematics, astronomy, physics all
put together. Similarly, the brain relies upon the data acquired by all the lesser
senses. Yet it is obviously a greater, and separate, entity.
This concept of he even senses is no strange, theoretical, occult, or
contrived idea. It is a simple, plain observable fact. Something we all can know.
The six senses and the brain are responsive to physical energy -- thermal,
light, mechanical, electrical, or gravitational energy. From the earth beneath, to
the sun and beyond, waves of energy pass through matter and space, organizing
and revealing the wonder of creation.
Our senses are tuned and set in the body like so many different radio
frequency bands. Each responds to a different set of energy signals. And each
sense is a channel which gathers in a different kind of information. The resulting
perceptions make up all we know of this planetary world. What we are and what
we know is very much dependent upon that information, which, ultimately, may
be thought of in terms of energy.
All these forms of energy are flowing according to definite and absolute
laws. According to principles which govern the interrelationship between energy
and matter. A law may be thought of as a statement defining and describing the
behavior of matter and energy. A law may also be considered to be a force which
causes the particular behavior. And a law can regulate the performance and
interactions of matter and energy. It is because of laws that we are able to see
different colors, hear a variety of sounds, and walk over the land in perfect
balance.
Human mind is superior to anything of the sort in animals. Yet human
brain is only a little greater in comparison. But we humans, of all earth's
creatures, are not in harmony with nature or one another. What is the
explanation for the difference? Why have we such a greater mental endowment?
Why so obviously set completely apart from and above other creatures? Well,
simply because the mind is the extra dimension that raises the mental capacities
of human brains. Mind imparts the intellectual faculties to each person. Mind
amplifies consciousness, and preserves memory, and develops and maintains
character.
It is mind which distinguishes humans from animals. Mankind has
problems which are different from any difficulties animals may encounter (the
most serious problems facing animals today are caused by people). That is so
because human nature has an element setting us apart from animal nature. War,
hate, ingratitude, pollution, envy, vanity, drunkenness, immorality and impatience
in the human world far outclass any similar manifestations among lesser
creatures. And it is in the realm of the mind where a search must be made for
the answers to human problems.
Each of the senses functions according to physical laws. Laws of energy
transmission regulate what light and colors of the visible section of the
electromagnetic spectrum we can see. More than that, there are higher
principles relating to the sense of sight, for example, perspective, proportion,
design. And the greatest of these would be the laws of human visual perception.
There are laws of light, laws of seeing, and laws of how the mind
comprehends. How a person perceive a particular visual scene is a very
individual experience. A cloudy sky, will be seen differently by different persons.
One will not even notice the sky; another will merely see the physical lights,
colors, and objects; another sees the aesthetic, or artistic, or emotional aspects
in the beauty of the forms of the clouds and lighting effects; still another might
perceive the weather message of the sky --whether a storm is ending or
impending and whether it might bring wind, rain, hail, or snow.
Every level of sensory activity is regulated and guided by various
principles, be they physical, physiological, psychological, or philosophical. What
needs to be considered now is the action of the mind. It is mind which makes us
human. The question is, how does mind operate? And how can mental powers
be improved? The better side of human nature, and the solution for the troubles
which plague us are well known. It is not so far away that we need send
someone to get it. It is not so hidden that we need to search long and hard, it is
not so foreign that we cannot understand (although there is a Translator). Simply
peace, love, thankfulness, cleanliness, humility, temperance, faithfulness, and
patience. While our sense organs may in some cases be inferior to those of
certain animals, and our brain is slightly superior physiologically to that of other
animals, it is the mind and its good and evil aspects which set us apart.
This mind is not a separate being, but rather a component part of us which
imparts mental power to our human physical being. And just as each sense is
governed by and operates according to laws, so the mind's behavior may be
defined by higher principles.
But why is the inner nature of man so often deceitful and wicked/ "The
heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?",
said the prophet Jeremiah. And, "those things which proceed out of the mouth
come forth from the heart; and they defile the man. For out of the heart proceed
evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness,
blasphemies: These are the things which defile a man." So spoke Jesus of
Nazareth. We must face this matter. Animals do not suffer as much from
immorality and the various attendant vices. Because they do not have our minds
which tie a being into a relationship with ethical laws. There is a force of good
and a force of evil, and the mind is able to be responsive to those energies.
Wrong-doing begins with a corresponding causative thought in the mind.
As James the Apostle wrote: "From whence come wars and fighting among you?
come they not hence even of your lusts that war in your members? But every
man is tempted, when he is drawn away of his own lust, and enticed. Then when
lust has conceived, it brings forth death." And so where we must stop evil deeds
is at their source from wrong thoughts. We must master our own minds, bringing
thoughts under the influence of benevolent intentions. It is a real struggle to hold
our thoughts to the proper course. Abraham Lincoln and Isaac Newton diligently
put their mental powers to work solving mundane problems. And it requires ads
much, and more, effort to confront and deal with the problems of the spirit.
"The idle mind is the devil's workshop", said Benjamin Franklin. It requires
effort to obey laws that are moral in nature. Our minds must not set idling, going
nowhere. Energy needs to be applied to move the thoughts in the right direction.
The physical desires naturally gravitate towards lusts for wrong behavior. But
because we are not animals, there is a higher way of life open for us. That way
is governed by spiritual principles, and the spiritual aspect of the mind connects
us to a relationship with those nobler ethics. Man's human spirit is responsive to
spiritual force just as the physical senses are related to physical matter, energy,
and laws of gravitation, thermodynamics, acoustics, etc.
Spiritual energy does not force us into a pattern of conduct. But it does
attracts us, to one way, or toward the opposite. We decide whether to follow. In
is the Mind, governing the brain and body, which must conform to spiritual
principles. Those spiritual impulses may be good or evil. Our human mind,
however, is sadly constrained more by the inferior, contrary forces
We are shocked when we discover that great men were weak and
petty, dishonest or selfish, sexually vicious, vain or intemperate;
and many people think it disgraceful to disclose to the public its
heroes' failings.
There is not much to choose between men. They are a
hodgepodge of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of
nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character, or
more opportunity, and so in one direction or another give their
instincts freer play, but potentially they are the same.
For my part I do not think I am any better or any worse than most
people, but I know that if I set down every action in my life and
every thought that has crossed my mind, the world would consider
me a monster of depravity.
Somerset Maugham, The Summing Up.
We need not wait for good thought to pop into the mind. And don't wait for
a physical or emotional feeling. Just do good. The attitude will follow. We must
do good because it is necessary, and the action will help to build the right
attitude, a state of mind which will grow into goodness.
Long ago a forest was buried in a great flood, buried beneath the
sediment and silica-bearing water. Slowly the physical organic parts of the trees
were replaced by the minerals from the water. The result we see today is
petrified wood, a hard, beautiful, enduring rock. The process of character
formation similarly requires time, a life time, and experiences which change and
mature us. The product in our future . . . is an enduring vibrant being.
The fact is, we humans did not evolve. There are no satisfactory
explanations to prove evolutionary doctrines. The fossil record shows only the
leftover debris of a series of floods. Atoms and molecules are not alive, yet cells
which are made up of molecules do live. And cells are wonderfully complex, with
some creatures existing as single-celled entities, and other creatures made of
trillions of individual specially designed cells. Something separates the molecular
and cellular levels. Life. Where did life come from? Sow did just the right kinds
of molecules come together and become enlivened? Evolutionary science
cannot tell.
Compare the dead atoms and molecules to the lifeless planets of our solar
system. Planets other than our earth, and the asteroids are inanimate
desolation. And look at the devastation on our own moon. It is so near to the
earth. How could our planet ever have escaped the showers of hurtling
fragments which caused the terribly shattered lunarscape? Our earth is like a
cosmic cell. But it could not have avoided the catastrophe that hit the moon and
other planets. The earth at some time must have been a devastated wasteland,
a seething world of roiling turbid seas, and vapor clouds many miles thick. But
look now! We see a pristine, verdant and azure, cloud-dappled sphere. At some
time in the past something happened to cause the Renewal, the Regeneration,
the Revivification of this planet.
And we human beings? We came from a vastly more Superior Mind. One
which designed us and produced us, and put us on this earth for a purpose. It is
a law of nature that Life begets life, kind begets kind. And now Mind begets
mind.
Mind is what gives us our human abilities and makes us susceptible to the
feelings that make up human nature. But mind is not bound blindly to material
forces. Mind has a free will -- ability to choose, to consider, evaluate, weigh
evidence, and receive instruction from outside sources. YET HUMAN MIND-
NATURE IS INCOMPLETE. We need another Nature from beyond, and
additional Mind element, as Apostle Paul says, "Let this mind be in you, which
was also in Christ Jesus." (Philippians 2:5). That is "the spirit of power, and of
love, and of a sound mind" (II Timothy 1:7). Then we will have help to set out
toward perfection.
This all takes time and experiences, which are helpful to us, as the Apostle
James said, "Count it all joy when you fall into various trials; knowing that the
trying of your faith brings patience. But let patience have her perfect work, that
you may be perfect and entire, wanting nothing." (James 1:2-4). It is a pathway
to travel "in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a
perfect man" (Ephesians 4:13), to acquire a whole mind in a whole body. It is a
life study, for which we have a guide book: "All Scripture is given by inspiration of
God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in
righteousness; that the man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto
good works." (II Timothy 3:16,17).
Now, what form of energy is it to which the mind can be re-tuned? It is the
law of the seventh sense;
I will put My Law in their inward parts, and write it their
hearts; and will be their God, and they shall be My People.
Jeremiah 31:33.
But strong meat belongs to them that are full of age, even to those
who by reason of use have their senses exercised to discern both good and evil
Book of Hebrews 5:14
The "strong meat"or "solid food refers to righteous principles. The better
ways of living that develop character. Spiritual nourishment. And the growth and
cultivation of right character is the purpose for living and using our senses.
Character is the product of the refinement of the seventh sense. Character may
be defined as a person's ability to obtain knowledge of the truth, then make a
decision to choose the right way, and use self-discipline to actually do what is
right. This is an everyday process.
And how do we first begin to develop character?
Let the wicked forsake his way, and the unrighteous man his thoughts;...
For My thoughts are not your thoughts, neither are your ways My ways...
For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than
your ways and My thoughts than your thoughts.
Isaiah 55:7-9.
We lay away the gleanings of our years in the edifice of our character,
where nothing is ever lost. What have we stored away in this safe place
during the season that is past?
This is simply a mental dietary plan. A recipe for the spirit. Just as a
person would go out and raise food for a recipe or special diet so we do the
same for the mind. The mind is sustained by spiritual energy. And there are
good and bad kinds of spirit just as there are helpful and harmful foods. A mind
won't just grow by itself, any more than our bodies would grow without
nourishment.
Take the above ingredients. The true, honorable, just, pure, lovely,
gracious, excellent, is worthy. Fed on them. (But first, find them. If you have to,
make a scrapbook collection of clippings and pictures and notes illustrating these
concepts.) Look for these in the world around, and think about them, and . . . . .
act them out -- do some things true, honorable, . . . .
Mind has been implanted in us. And we have ben planted in this world, as
an awesome creative enterprise. We have seven senses because we are
modeled after the perfect design of a greater being. In the image of our Creator.
These seven senses enable us to be -- to exist in this world. With each sense
specially attuned to a certain characteristic of the physical environment, and the
brain linked with all the six lesser senses, and the mind as an intermediary in
contact with a higher form of energy. Our Seventh Sense, The Mine connects us
to our Future
CREATIVITY
The culmination of the whole spectrum of mental characteristics reaches
fulfillment in this one quality: Creativity. The act of creating is the harmonious
composition of elements. "Elements" can be things or thoughts; composition is
the work of putting together; harmonious means the overruling presence of
principles.
How to create: first get the facts. Then find out what laws will affect the
production and development of the creative endeavor. And, of course, choose a
media, something with which to create. Finally, practice
Since creativity comes at the end of all the mental attributes, it is
necessary to learn and grow in all those previously mentioned ways. So, get rid
of ignorance, wake up, become Aware; overcome doubt, discouragement, and
fear; and do away with prejudice. Acquire the best knowledge on whatever
subject is being dealt with. Above all, try to Understand why, or at least how,
things/events happen, that is, what principles govern the relationships of various
things.
Next, choose a proper method or substance for creative efforts. This
could be a musical instrument, an industrial or craft material (wood, fabric, clay,
stone, paint, paper, etc.), ideas. And then, do, create!
Actually the fullest expression of Creativity is through the medium of the
seventh sense, through its personal, moral nature. Then the result (all that we
are striving for) would be the creation of Righteous Character.
Marilyn Ferguson (in The Brain Revolution) says this about the
characteristics of the creative thinker,
The creative person is playful. He entertains wild ideas and feels no need to
pass immediate judgment on them. He is a one-man brainstorming session. He
asks questions unceasingly. He is not satisfied with pat answers and has a
minimal respect for "established facts". Offered two alternatives, neither of which
seems quite satisfying, he may devise a third. Even if he is a painter, poet, or
composer, he does not think of his work as invention but rather as discovery.
Drawing indiscriminately from chance observation and from outside his field, he
is eclectic, always synthesizing and integrating.
She adds, "Nearly all the characteristics of the creative mind are present
in young children! The child explores the environment, coins words, synthesizes
phrases. He relishes surprises and copes with a challenge. He daydreams,
discovers, asks questions unceasingly. His perceptions are fresh, strictly his
own" Wonderful. But where have all the children gone? And what happens to
the child's creation-sense?
Albert Einstein, too, wondered,
It is, in fact, nothing short of a miracle that the modern methods of instruction
have not yet entirely strangled the holy curiosity of inquiry, for this delicate little
plant, aside from stimulation, stands mostly in need of freedom; without this it
goes to wreck and ruin without fail. It is a very grave mistake to think that the
enjoyment of seeing and searching can be promoted by means of coercion and a
sense of duty.
Character Development.
1. Character grows in a separate free being, culminating in Maturity. Through
free-will, we dynamic living beings are capable of growth, change, development.
Without freedom there can be no growth.
2. Character is instructed and developed by Spirit. Guided by spiritual qualities,
a person is continually renewed. The "bread and butter" (nuts and bolts?) of this
aspect of growth is to stop doing what's wrong. Then continue, step by step, in a
way such as Apostle Peter described: "giving all diligence, add to your faith,
virtue; and to virtue, knowledge; and to knowledge, temperance; and to
temperance, patience; and to patience, godliness; and to godliness, brotherly
kindness; and to brotherly kindness, charity."
3. Character continues to be refined through experiences. A living being can
develop only through activity -- doing something that is planned to guide the
growth of definite aspects of character.
4. Character takes time. For every purpose there is time. A beginning, progress
and development, then an end/culmination which is the level of maturity.
Character occupies time. Character is the essence of human maturity -- to be
human is to live -- Life is Time . . . time to grow.
5. Character is preserved by Mind; it is not lost, it becomes a possession, part
and whole of one's very being. The medium of character preservation is the
human mind. Character is something we can take with us, as it is something we
become. The mind learns, thinks, reflects, meditates. The mind acquires true
knowledge, discerns the right values that produce the good life. The mind
remembers. It remembers Us.
1. Love. This is not a thing, a postage stamp, a sculpture, candy; not a song or a
slogan; not for sale; not a movie, a book, a new idea; it does not need speeches
to represent it, does not require a great intellect for its manifestation; does not
depend upon sacrifice of property, giving great gifts, or suffering physically. So,
what is it? It can't be described. It isn't an object to be dissected, analyzed,
measured. But love certainly can be known, and so to be known, must be
experienced. Love is experience -- the experience of living well.
Love is enduring, like good character. Love is pleasant, content to be just love,
just itself Love is plain simplicity, it's decent. Love lets others be. It sheds insult
and assault. Its thinking is beauty and light. Love is joyfully true. It endures
throughout all . . . . It makes truth a part of its self, assimilates whatever is true.
With Eternal Destiny at heart and in mind, Love always looks forward on the
sunny side. It gives support. It is forever.
2. Loyalty to right principles. There are good ways and bad ways of living.
Character development means sticking firmly to the law that is a lamp to our feet,
the precepts that lead to enduring life.
3. Character comes into being by way of the success approach. Living the good
way will succeed at last, since success is the product of a law-abiding life
4. The process of character development is the never-ending adventure of truth-
seeking. As Wisdom is quoted as saying, "Unto you I call -- be of an
understanding heart, receive my instruction for wisdom is better than rubies; and
all the things that can be desired cannot be compared to it. I love them that love
me; and those that seek me early shall find me. Riches and honor are with me . .
. I lead in the way of righteousness . . . that I may cause those that love me to
inherit substance; and I will fill their treasures. Now therefore hearken unto me,
O you children: for blessed are they that keep my ways. Hear instruction, and be
wise, for whoso finds me finds life." (Proverbs 8).
5. Character develops in a comprehensive mind. Which is simply a liberal,
unbiased, open mind. To have a comprehensive view requires freedom from
prejudice. Character is the result of a whole life lived well.
6. Character development leads to (and is lead by) the acknowledgment of a
Higher Source of wisdom, understanding, knowledge, and true righteous
character. "Let us hear the conclusion of the whole matter: Fear God, and keep
His commandments, for this is the whole duty of man." (Ecclesiastes 12:13).
7. The final aspect of character development is the simplest: the Will to Do. Any
amount of good character is better than none. And to acquire it requires action;
do something, do anything, whatever will lead to life.
All men desire to be happy; to this there is no exception. However diverse the
means they employ, they are all seeking this goal. What causes some to go to
the wars and others to stay at home is this same desire, which they all have in
common, accompanied by different views. Our will never makes the slightest
motion except towards this object. It is the motive of all t he actions of all men,
even of those that hang themselves.
And yet, after so great a number of years, never without religion, has anyone
arrived at this point toward which all perpetually aim. All complain: princes,
subjects; nobles, plebians; old, young; strong, weak; wise, ignorant; well, sick; of
all lands, of all times, of all ages, and of all conditions.
A trial so long, so uninterrupted, and so uniform, ought indeed to convince us of
our impotence to attain to happiness through our own efforts; but example
teaches us little. The old case is never so like the new that there is not some
delicate difference between them, and it is because of this difference that we
expect our new dream will not fail us as did the old. And thus the present never
satisfying us, hope lures us on, and from unhappiness to unhappiness conducts
us even to death, which of all unhappiness is the eternal consummation.
What, then, cries out to us this eager desire and this powerlessness -- if not that
there was formerly in man true happiness, whereof there now remains to him
only the void it has left. This he tries in vain to fill up with all that surrounds him,
seeking in absent things the help he does not find in things present, but to no
avail, because the infinite gulf can be filled only by an object infinite and
immutable, that is to say, only by God Himself.