casing head casing head (n.

) - The lowest part of the wellhead that is almost always connected to the
surface casing string, and provides a means of suspending and packing off the next casing string.

Providing attachment to the surface casing string through the type of bottom connection (Slipon-weld, threaded, Sliploc), the casing head is typically qualified to withstand up to 10,000 psi working pressure. It suspends the casing and packs off the next casing string while providing annular outlets, as well as supporting the BOP while drilling the remaining stages

casing spool casing spool (n.) - Equipment responsible for hanging the next casing string.
Designed with a bowl containing a load shoulder, each casing spool in the wellhead stackup hangs each casing sting after the casing head and before the tubing head. The bottom prep of the spool has been engineered to contain a packoff seal and flange for either a clamp-hub or a standard flange connection. For annular access, either studded or line pipe outlets can be machined into the spool. Providing a controlled bore in the top bowl for the casing hanger seal, it also provides a seal in the bottom bowl to pack off the previous casing string and isolate the ID seals from internal casing pressure. An additional function of the casing spool is to allow for testing BOPs while drilling, retaining the bowl protector, and pressure-testing casing seals through a test port.

tubing head tubing head (n.) - Equipment attached to the casing spool used to hang the tubing (smallest
casing string) and seal the annulus between the tubing and casing. The top spool on a wellhead assembly contains the highest pressure in the wellhead, and contains a load shoulder to hang the tubing hanger and tubing string. When the well is completed, the tree is installed on top of the head with a tubing head adapter. Providing a means to support and test the BOPs while completing the well, the tubing head is a necessary component when drilling and completing a well. The standard tubing head product line combines a straight-bore profile with a varied number of aligning pins, depending on the chosen model. FMCs tubing heads eliminate the wedge-locking of the bowl protector, BOP test plugs, and tubing hangers. As additional advantages, valve removal (VR) threads are standard on all flanged or studded tubing head outlets, and if a 9 or larger top flange is required, the C-29 casing hanger can be used for casing-type completions.

lockdown screw (n.) - A mechanism that actuates the hanger/packoff seals in the event of

annulus pressure, preventing casing movement caused by thermal expansion during production

Bottom Connections Bolt-through flange, studded flange and clamp-hub connections are available. The type and pressure rating used must match the top flange of the previous casing spool or crossover flange. Bolt-through flange connections are the most popular and economical type of connection in certain parts of the world. Clamp-hub connections are sometimes specified, because they are much faster to make up and because they reduce the diameter and weight of the assembly when space limitations are present. Top Connections FMC Surface Wellhead tubing heads have either bolt-through flange or clamp-hub top connections, which are compatible with all FMC tubing head adapters. The producing pressure of the well normally determines the pressure rating of the top connection.

Base Plates
base plate (n.) - A load-supporting device attached to the starting casing head by means of
either mechanical or permanent (welding) connection. Designed to support up to 2,000,000 pounds (907,105 kg), FMCs base plates fit almost all surface applications. Depending on your operations needs, both detachable and nondetachable options are available. For standard applications, detachable base plates have the following available:

casing hanger casing hanger (n.) - Mechanism that locks into the casing head, responsible for hanging the
casing pipe. Developed to last 20 years with proper maintenance, FMCs casing hangers are available to fit a multitude of well environments. Slip hangers seal automatically or manually, depending on the types of seals integral to their installation. Secondary seals are used to seal around the production casing stub in the bottom of the bowl of the tubing head. The various types are described below: Double FS-Seals This design consists of two elastomer-shaped seals located in grooves in the bottom of the tubing head. A seal is achieved by interference of the seal with the outside diameter of the casing and the bottom or OD of its retaining groove. A spring molded in each inside corner of the seal provides an anti-extrusion mechanism when sealing against pressure by bridging the gap between the tubing outside diameter and casing head seal bore. The shape of the seal allows it flexibility to maintain sealing interference with the large variations in tubing outside diameter.

Tubing Hangers
tubing hanger (n.) - Mechanism used to hang the tubing from within the tubing head by
means of a thread. These load-bearing devices are installed in the top bowl of the tubing head and are run through the BOP. Also doubling as a means to access and manipulate additional smaller tubing lines that are utilized downhole and extended to the surface on the outside of the tubing string(s). Available for any type of single/multiple completion, most FMC tubing hangers accept a BPV that seals the tubing bore. Some hangers are ported for hydraulic control lines, SSSVs, or other types of completion equipment

Tubing Head Adapters

tubing head adapter (n.) - Equipment used to adapt the uppermost connection of the tubing
head to the lowermost section of the tree. Providing a transition from the wellhead to the tree, the tubing head adapter is used for both single and multiple completions. FMCs standard tubing head adapter product line consists of nine models, each designed to work with a set group of tubing heads and hangers. With threaded, flanged, or studded-top connections, most adapters can be machined with a hydraulic supply inlet for downhole control lines.