Lab 5

1
LAB 5 BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS (BJT)
AMPLIFIERS


LEARNING OBJECTIVES
By the end of this experiment, you should be able to:
- Compute the dc parameters, r
e
, and the voltage gain of a common-emitter amplifier
with voltage divider bias.


THEORY

Design of a current-gain-stabilized (|-Independent) voltage divider circuit

Rules of Thumb:

V
E
= 1/10 V
CC

R
2
s 1/10 |R
E

I
R1
~ I
R2
~ 10I
B


Based on the rule of thumb and the given parameter in the pre-lab assignment of
Experiment 7.

R
E
= V
E
/I
E


R
C
= V
RC
/I
C

= (V
CC
V
CE
V
E
)/I
C


V
B
= V
BE
+ V
E

= (R
2
V
CC
)/(R
1
+ R
2
)


Pick the resistors values from the standard series 1/8W and 1/4W with 5% tolerance, the
two digits: 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 43, 47, 51, 56, 62, 68,
75, 82, and 91.

After the design, confirm that the selected values of resistors satisfy the following rules of
thumb:

- |R
E
> 10 R
2


- I
R1
~ I
R2
~ 10I
B



Lab 5
2
MATERIALS
Transistors: 2N3904 NPN
Resistors: < to be calculated in pre-lab assignment>
Capacitors: 2 1F, 1 100F


EQUIPMENT
- Tektronix PS280 DC Power Supply
- Fluke 45 Dual Display Multimeter
- Tektronix CFG 253 3MHz Function Generator
- Hewlett Packard Oscilloscope 100MHz 54600B


PRE-LAB ASSIGNMENT

1. In common-emitter amplifier in Figure: 5.1, let V
CC
= 30V, and R
L
= 10kO. Assume
V
BE
= 0.7V. Determine the values for R
1
, R
2
, R
C
, and R
E
so that I
C
= 1.94mA, I
E
=
1.95mA, I
B
= 11.09A, and V
CE
= 18.9V. Let |
dc
= 175, and |
ac
= 197.




























2. Make LTSPICE/PSPICE runs to check the circuits that you have designed.


Lab 5
3
IN-LAB ACTIVITIES

1. Assemble the circuit (bias circuitry only, no signal and load) as shown in Figure 5-1,
by using resistor values, which you have determined.


Fig 5-1

2. Measure and record V
C
, V
B
, V
E
, V
BE,
V
CE
, I
C
, I
B
, and I
E
. Record all your results in
Table 5-1. Compare them with the pre-lab assignment results.

3. Set the function generator set for V
S
= 200mV
P-P
sine wave with a frequency of
1000Hz. Draw the input and output graph and record V
pp
, V
max
, V
min
, and V
rms
.

4. Measure the AC parameters V
i
and V
o
. Compute the (bypassed) voltage gain A
V
of
the amplifier, where
i
o
V
V
V
A = .

5. Remove capacitor C
2
from the circuit. Draw the input and output graph and record
V
pp
, V
max
, V
min
, and V
rms
.


6. Measure the AC parameters, V
i
and V
o
. Compute the (unbypassed) voltage gain A
V

of the amplifier.


Lab 5
4
RESULTS

V
C
(V) V
B
(V) V
E
(V) V
BE
(V) V
CE
(V) I
C
(mA) I
B
( A) I
E
(mA)


Table 5-1

Amplifier Gain

Bypassed:


Graph 5-1

V
p-p
= _________ V V
max
= ________V V
min
= ________V V
rms
= ________V


V
i
= V

V
o
= V


V ........V/ ..........
V
V
A
i
o
V
=
=







Volt/div Channel 1 =
________
Time/div =
___________
________
Volt/div Channel 2 =
________
Lab 5
5
Unbypassed:


Graph 5-2

V
p-p
= _________ V V
max
= ________V V
min
= ________V V
rms
= ________V


V
i
= V

V
o
= V


V ........V/ ..........
V
V
A
i
o
V
=
=


Volt/div Channel 1 =
________
Time/div =
___________
________
Volt/div Channel 2 =
________
Lab 5
6
LAB 5 REPORT

1. Compare and discuss the results for the bypassed and unbypassed voltage gain, A
v
as in
the experiments.