CAESAR II STATIC LOAD CASE EDITOR

Loren Brown Senior Engineer/Developer CADWorx & Analysis Solutions Intergraph Process, Power, & Marine

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".PES

$ - ADS

Pri,ary -oa%s / $orce %riven, cause catastrophic 0ailure)

Weight, Pressure, Point -oa%s, #ni0or, -oa%s, 1anger -oa%s, Win% an% Wave loa%s)

Secon%ary -oa%s / Strain &ase%, cause 0atigue 0ailure)

"e,perature, Displace,ents)

A2AI-A*-E - AD ".PES I! CAESA3 II

W 4Weight5, W!C 4Weight !o Contents5 WW 4Water60ille% Weight5 P 4Pressure5, 1P 41y%rotest Pressure5 " 4"e,perature5, D 4Displace,ent5 1 41anger Pre6loa%s5, $ 4Concentrate% -oa%s5 # 4#ni0or, -oa%s5 Win 4Win%5, Wav 4Wave an% Current5 CS 4Cut Short or Cut -ong5

Availa&le Stress "ypes in CAESA3 II

PE / perating S#S / Sustaine% E7P / Expansion CC / ccasional 1.D / 1y%rotest 183 / 1anger Design $A" 6 $atigue

-oa% Case De0inition

perating case contains all loa%s in the syste,)
-9 : W;P9;"9;1 4 PE5
case this is calle% a &asic loa%

Sustaine% Case contains only pri,ary loa%s)

-< : W;P9;1 4S#S5
another &asic loa% case

Expansion Case is the %i00erence &etween the operating an% sustaine% cases)
-= : -96-< 4E7P5
this is calle% a co,&ination loa% case

Co,&ination -oa% Cases

#se% to a%% or su&tract results 0ro, previously %e0ine% pri,itive loa% cases) !ecessary 0or proper E7P an% CC co%e stress %e0inition) !ot use% 0or restraint or e>uip,ent loa% %e0inition, nor 0or %isplace,ent reporting)

Why su&tract S#S 0ro,

PE?

Why not si,ply use -= : "9 4E7P5?

*ecause the restraint con0iguration ,ay result in an incorrect solution) !onlinear restraints %rive the restraint con0iguration) ther loa%s in the syste, co,&ine to change the restraint con0iguration)

!onlinear 3estraints
Sti00ness o0 3estraint changes %epen%ing on position o0 pipe or 0orces on restraint) Exa,ples(
#ni6%irectional 3estraints 4;.5 8aps in restraints $riction -arge6rotation ro%s *i6linear 3estraints

$orce vs) Distance in !onlinear 3estraints

Exa,ple 9(

"9 4E7P5
-= : "9 4E7P5

This is how the line is modeled in Caesar II. The gaps are equal on both sides of the pipe. No loads are yet applied.

The thermal forces have closed the gap on the right side.

"otal Displace,ent 0or "9 4E7P5 : 9 x 8ap

Exa,ple <( -9 / -< 4E7P5

-< : W;P9 4S#S5 -9 : W;P9;"9 4 PE5

Weight has caused the pipe to close the gap to the left. This can happen when the pipe pivots about a different restraint.

Operating conditions have caused the pipe to close the gap to the right, even against the weight force trying to hold it on the left.

Exa,ple < 4con@t5

I0 we su&tract the %isplace,ents o0 the S#S case 0ro, PE we get(
"otal Displace,ent 0or -96-< : < x 8ap In a linear syste, "9 4E7P5 : -9 / -< 4E7P5 In a nonlinear syste, this is not guarantee%) "his represents the e00ect o0 te,perature in the presence o0 other loa%s) "his is a %isplace,ent stress range, not starting 0ro, the neutral position)

ccasional -oa% Cases

$or ,ost piping co%es 4not the o00shore co%es5(
Set up an PE case that inclu%es the occasional loa% Su&tract the stan%ar% PE case 0ro, the PE that inclu%es the occasional loa%) We call this the segregate% occasional loa% case) A%% the a&ove loa% case results to the S#S loa% case results 0or the co%e stress chec'

Exa,ple =(

ccasional -oa% Cases

4 PE5 stan%ar% 4S#S5 4 PE5 operating with occasional 4E7P5 4 CC5 segregate% occasional 4 CC5 D occasional co%e stress

Assu,e we have a uni0or, loa% representing a seis,ic loa%, #9)

-9 : W;P9;"9
operating

-< : W;P9 -= : W;P9;"9;#9

loa%

-A : -96-< -B : -=6-9 -C : -<;-B

case

D use scalar co,&ination ,etho%)

Co,&ination Metho%s
Alge&raic(
#se% 0or su&tracting two loa% cases) "a'es the %isplace,ents 0ro, the re0erence% cases an% su&tracts the,) "hen co,putes 0orces, ,o,ents, an% resultant stress 0ro, these %isplace,ents)

Scalar(
#se% 0or a%%ing two loa% cases) A%%s the stresses 0ro, the two re0erence% loa% cases) #nli'e alge&raic the stresses are not reco,pute% 0ro, %isplace,ents)

!otes on co,&ination ,etho%s

Don@t use alge&raic 0or a%%ing two loa% cases)
.ou can@t ta'e cre%it 0or occasional loa%s acting opposite to operating loa%s)

Don@t use scalar 0or su&tracting two cases)

"his results in a lower co%e stress than actual)

utput "ypes
Displace,ent
#sually reporte% only 0or &asic loa% cases

$orce
#sually reporte% only 0or &asic loa% cases

Stress
3eporte% &ase% on co%e re>uire,ents)

Exa,ple A / 3estraint -oa%s

"he alge&raic %i00erence &etween these two con%itions will result in a positive 0orce on the restraint) "his is an i,possi&le con%ition) *ut the E7P co%e stress is correctly co,pute% 0or this con%ition)

What to report
Suppress the 183 cases an% the segregate% occasional loa% cases) 3eport %isplace,ent, 0orce 0or all pri,itive loa% cases) Don@t report stress 0or the operating loa% cases)
"his is not true 0or o00shore co%es, nor $3P co%es, nor &urie% pipe co%es)

3eport only stress 0or co,&ination loa% cases)

#sing the 1ot Mo%ulus o0 Elasticity

It is re>uire% to use the col% ,o%ulus o0 elasticity 0or stress co,putation) .ou can re%uce restraint loa%s &y use o0 the hot ,o%ulus o0 elasticity) Create i%entical PE cases, one with hot ,o%ulus 0or restraint loa%s, an% one with col% ,o%ulus 0or use in the co,&ination with S#S 0or %eter,ining E7P stress)

#sing the $riction Multiplier

$riction Multiplier acts on the Mu value entere% on each restraint in the ,o%el) Input E)E 0or no 0riction an% 9)E 0or 0ull 0riction) Create i%entical loa% cases, &ut change the value o0 $riction Multiplier on one o0 the,) Co,pare the results in the 3estraint Su,,ary an% report the worst6case results)