Name:

Questions from page 332.

1. Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes occur?
2. How do cinder cones, shield cones, and composite cones differ?
3. How does a seismograph measure the strength of an earthquake?
4. Suppose you knew nothing about the theory of plate tectonics, but you had
seen a map showing the locations of earthquakes and volcanoes around the world.
What hypothesis might you make about the earth’s crust?

In the computer lab

Go to http://www.nationalgeographic.com/forcesofnature/
Double click on Volcanoes. There are six pages of information under Lab, and more
info under Map. A case study is about specific eruptions and shows videos.
Answer the following questions by finding the answers on the website.
1. Where are about 90% of all volcanoes located?
2. What are two benefits that volcanoes bring?
3. What is the lithosphere?
4. Describe an Island-arc volcano and where can you find one on Earth?
5. Describe an intraplate volcano and where can you find one on Earth?
6. What is subduction?
7. How many miles does the Mid-ocean Ridge stretch?
8. What is a caldera?
9. How are submarine volcanoes detected?
10. What are the two important traits that characterize volcanoes?
11. What determines if the eruption will be explosive or not?
12. What is viscosity and what determines a volcano’s viscosity?
13. When you made your own volcano, how were high silica and high gas, different
from a volcano with low silica and low gas?

14. How many people were killed by Mount St. Helens?

15. How many people were killed by El Chichon?
16. How many years ago did Hawaii’s Kilauea emerge from the ocean?
17. In miles, how long and wide is Kilaueo’s shield cone now?
18. What is the name for the Hawaiian volcano goddess?
19. When did Mount Vesuvius erupt?
20. What is tephra? 10 feet of it fell on Pompeii.
21. How many people live on or around Vesuvius today?
22. How many of the pictures of the Vesuvius victims on this site where molded
by plaster?
23. How does Mount St. Helens look different now, compared to how it looked
before it erupted last? Look at the pictures or the videos.

24. Which Indonesian eruption was the loudest in known history? Write the
volcano and the date of the eruption. This volcanic eruption also washed 30,000
people into the sea due to a series of tsunami s that followed the eruption.

25. 20,000 people were killed by Mount Etna when lava flowed over a wall in what
city?
Double click on Earthquakes on the same website.
1. When do earthquakes happen?
2. How many earthquakes are there in a year?
3. The deadliest earthquake ever was in China in 1557. How many died?
4. Why do intraplate quakes happen?
5. Name three states in our country that have the most earthquake activity.
6. How long and deep is the San Andreas Fault? Do the “fly over”.
7. What is the fault name for a spreading boundary? Normal, reverse, strike-
slip, or dip-slip
8. What is the fault name that is also called a thrust fault?
9. What is the hypocenter?
10. What is the name of the first wave in an earthquake? The second? What is
the name of the slowest wave?

11. What are earthquake scientists called?

12. Name two ways that scientists are trying to predict earthquakes.
13. Locate an earthquake on slide six. Where was your earthquake located?
14. Trigger an earthquake on slide 7. Which simulation made a building sink
into the ground some?
Where would you want to build your building on so it doesn’t get damaged during an
earthquake?

15. On the map, where was the large earthquake closest to us?
16. Which earthquake killed 61 people in 1994?
17. In 2003, where was the earthquake that left more than 26,000 people dead and
30,000 injured?
Don’t forget to look at the pictures of the devastation.

18. In Turkey, in 1999, why did so many people die from the earthquake? Name at
least 3 reasons.
19. How many fires broke out in Kobe, Japan after the earthquake of 1995?
20. Which earthquake happened 19 years ago during the third game of the World
Series?
Watch the video on this quake and look at the pictures. What do you think you
feel if you were there during the earthquake?

21. Watch the video of the before and after footage of San Francisco in 1908.
What was the city like before and how was it after?

22. What magnitude was the Tangshan quake that killed so many people?