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r

r
+
r

z
Fig 1.0 Stress components in polar
coordinates
B
y
6.0 Thick cylinders and Rotating Thick Disks
Derivation of Lames Eqations
!ompond !ylinders"S#rin$"Fitting
%otating Dis$s
%otating Dis$s &onted on Solid S#afts
Introduction
'n t#is pro(lem) t#e stresses and displacements depend only on t#e radis r in t#e
cylindrical coordinate system *r))z+. ,#e pro(lems are t#erefore a-isymmetric *i.e t#ere
is no variation .it# t#e angle nor is t#ere any variation .it# t#e distance z along t#e
a-is.+ and t#ere is no s#ear stress acting on t#e srface.
,#erefore/
*i+ ,#e stresses)

) r and z are independent of 0 z a-es.


*ii+ S#ear stresses) r
1 rz 1 z
1 0
Some e-amples of application inclde t#ic$ .alled cylinder loaded (y internal and
e-ternal pressre) cylindrical grinding .#eel loaded as reslt of centrifgal acceleration
dring rotation) atomotive (ra$e dis$ de to frictional #eating) contact stresses
developed .#en a cylindrical .#eel is s#rn$ or presses onto a cylindrical s#aft.
6.1 Derivation of Lames Theory
!onsider t#e eqili(rim of a small element in t#e cylindrical polar coordinate system as
s#o.n in Fig 1.0 along t#e radial direction/
r

+
r
r+
strained
nstrained
0 )
2
( sin 2 ) ( ) ( + + + z r r B z r z r z r r
r r r r



*i+
.#ere Br is t#e (ody force in t#e radial direction * ,#e nit for (ody force is force per nit
volme+.
'n t#is case if t#e element is rotating .it# constant anglar speed ) t#en Br1
2
r
3#ere is t#e density of t#e material.
Dividing eqn *i+ (y r r z and in t#e limit r) 0) .e o(tain
0
2
+

+ r
r dr
d
r r



*ii+
'n t#e case .#ere t#e (ody is not rotating * 1 0+) t#is redces to t#e eqili(rim
eqation
0

+
r dr
d
r r

*iii+
4e-t consider t#e strain"displacement relations#ip.
3e note t#at t#e displacements are fnction of r only. %eferring to Fig.2) let (e t#e
radial s#ift at a radis r. i.e r (ecomes r + after straining) .#ere is small compared
.it# r.
,#e circmferential strain
( )
r
u
r
r u r
nce circumfere Original
nce circumfere in increase

2
2 2
*iv+
,#e radial s#ift at an nstrained radis r+ r .ill (e + .
,#e radial strain

r 1 increase in r5r
1 *+ 6+5r
1d5dr in t#e limit. *v+
Differentiate
.rt r) .e o(tain

r r
r
u
dr
du
r dr
d
r
1 1
1
2


,
_

or
( ) 0
1

r
r dr
d
*vi+
,#ese strains are t#erefore related t#rog# t#e a(ove e-pression *vi+. Eqn *vi+ is $no.n
as t#e compati(ility of strain for t#is particlar pro(lem. 't defines t#e condition t#at t#e
strain components mst satisfy if t#e particles of t#e (ody are to (e fit toget#er in t#e
deformed state.
Stress"Strain %elations
( ) ( )
r r r
E E



1
,
1
,#erefore) solving for r and

( )
,
_

r
u
dr
du E E
r r


2 2
1 1
and
( )
,
_

dr
du
r
u E E
r


2 2
1 1
S(stitte *vii+ into *ii+ yields/
( )
E
r
r
u
dr
du
r
dr
u d
2
2
2 2
2
1
1
+
,#e complete soltion for a(ove differential eqation is
( )
r
c
r c
E
r
u
2
1
2 3 2
8
1
+ +



*viii+
S(stitte *viii+ into *vii+)
,#e radial stress is
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
]
1

+ +
+

2
2
1
2 2 2
2
1 1
8
1 3
1 r
c
c
E
r E
r

*vii+
and t#e tangential stress is
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
]
1

+ + +
+

2
2
1
2 2 2
2
1 1
8
1 3 1
1 r
c
c
E
r E

6.2 Thick Walled Cylinders


*ratio of .all t#ic$ness to inner radis 7108+
'n t#is case 1 0) #ence t#e radial and t#e tangential stresses are given as/
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
]
1

+ +

1
]
1

2
2
1
2
2
2
1
2
1 1
1
1 1
1
r
c
c
E
r
c
c
E
r

*9.2a+
or simply
,#e radial displacement is given (y
r
c
r c u
2
1
+
9.2c
*9.1+
2
2
r
B
A
r
B
A
r
+

*9.2(+
p
i
r
o
r
i
Fig 9.1
3#ere
A = (1+) c1 ! =(1" )
c2
:(ove eqation *9.2(+
is $no.n as Lame
eqation.
Case 1. Thick wall
cylinder subjected
to internal pressure
pi only.
*Fig 9.1+
,#e (ondary
conditions in t#is case
are/
1+ :t r 1 ri) r 1
pi
2+ :t r 1 ro) r 1 0
S(stitte t#ese (ondary conditions into t#e Lame eqation for r ) #ence)

0 1 : 6 B5ro
2
"pi 1 : 6 B5ri
2
B 1
2 2
2 2
i o
o i i
r r
r r p

) and : 1
2 2
2
i o
i i
r r
r p

S(stitte into a(ove Lame eqation;

r
1
2 2
2
i o
i i
r r
r p

,
_

2
2
1
r
r
o
)

1
2 2
2
i o
i i
r r
r p

,
_

+
2
2
1
r
r
o
)
1
1
]
1

+ +

2
2
2 2
2
) 1 ( ) 1 (
) ( r
r
r r E
r p r
u
o
i o
i i

*9.<+
stress 15ri
2
15ri
2
15ro
2
15ro
2
Case !. Thick wall subjected to e"ternal pressure po only.
,#e (ondary conditions in t#is case are/
<+ :t r 1 ri) r 1 0
=+ :t r 1 ro) r 1 "po
S(stitte t#ese (ondary conditions into t#e Lame eqation for r ) #ence)

0 1 : 6 B5ri
2
"po 1 : 6 B5ro
2
B 1 "
2 2
2 2
i o
o i o
r r
r r p

) and : 1
2 2
2
i o
o i
r r
r p

S(stitte into a(ove Lame eqation;

r
1
2 2
2
i o
o o
r r
r p

,
_

2
2
1
r
r
i
)

1
2 2
2
i o
o o
r r
r p

,
_

+
2
2
1
r
r
i
)
1
1
]
1

+ +


2
2
2 2
2
) 1 ( ) 1 (
) ( r
r
r r E
r p r
u
i
i o
o o

>rap#ical representation of Lame eqation
?oop stress
: +B5 r
2
%adial stress
: " B5 r
2
*9.=+
%adialstress
:
?oop stress
@lot t#e #oop stress vs 15r
2
.it# t#e 15r
2
a-is to.ard t#e left
stress
15r
2
E-ample.
1. : t#ic$ .alled cylinder .it# 0.<"m and 0.="m internal and e-ternal diameters is
fa(ricated from a material .#ose elastic limit is 2A0 &@a. Determine *a+ for po 1 0) t#e
ma-imm internal pressre t#e cylinder can .it#stand .it#ot e-ceeding t#e elastic limit
and t#e radial displacement of a point on t#e inner srface; *(+ for pi 1 0) t#e ma-imm
e-ternal pressre to .#ic# t#e cylinder can (e s(Bected .it#ot e-ceeding t#e elastic
limit. :ssme 10.<) E 1 100 >@a.
'n (ot# cases s$etc# t#e variation of t#e stresses across t#e .all t#ic$ness.
*See e-ample C.1 pp <1D Egral 0 Fenster+
2. : solid dis$ of radis ( is s(Bected to anglar velocity rad5sec. Derive t#e tangential
and t#e radial stresses in terms of t#e given qantities and determine t#e ma-imm
vales of t#ese stresses.
*see e-ample 11.F pp =1= Boresi and Sc#midt+

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