Code No: K0328

R07

Set No. 1

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS (Mechanical Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of LCD over raster-scan CRT? b) Consider two raster systems with resolutions of 640 by 480 and 1280 by1024. How many pixels could be accessed per second in each of these system by a display controller that refreshes the screen at a rate of 60 frames per second ? What is the access time per pixel in each system? 2. What is meant by aliasing? Discuss the antialiasing methods. 3. Explain Sutherland-Hodgeman algorithm with an example. 4. Prove that the multiplication of transformation matrices for each of the following sequences is commutative. a) Two successive rotations b) Two successive translations 5. a) A polygon has a plane equation ax + by + cz + d = 0. Suppose that we know the value of z at a point (x, y). What is the easiest way to calculate the value of z at (x + 1,y) and at (x, y + 1)? b) Explain painters algorithm with an example. 6. a) Explain the procedure followed in Beziers methods for curve generation. b) What is the role of control points in Beziers approach? 7. A solid tetrahedron is given by position vectors A(1,1,1),B(3,1,1),C(2,1,3)and D(2,2,2) and a point light source is kept at P(2,3,4). Using back face detection method, find the surfaces on which the light falls and the surfaces which are to be shaded. 8. Write a) b) c) d) in detail about any three Homogeneous transformation matrix for 3D transformations. Perspective transformations in 3D. Computer animation languages. Key frame systems for computer animation. 1 of 1

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Code No: K0328

R07
(Mechanical Engineering)

Set No. 2

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. a) Discuss about the optical scanning mechanism followed in image scanner. b) Suppose an RGB raster system is to be designed using and 8 inch by 10 inch screen with a resolution of 100 pixels per inch in each direction. If we want to store 6 bits per primary color per pixel, how much storage (in bytes) do we need for the frame buer? 2. Consider a polygon with following vertices. (10,8) (5,15) (20,40) (18,5) (15,10).Prepare the active edge list for scan-line filling algorithm. Also identify the vertices to be double counted. 3. Find the viewing transformation that maps a window whose left corner is at (1,1) and upper right corner is at (3,5) on to a view port that has lower corner at (0,0) and upper right corner at (0.5, 0.5).

4. a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Cohen Sutherland algorithm? b) Explain midpoint subdivision algorithm for a straight line that makes use of CohenSutherland algorithm with an example. 5. a) Discuss about 3-dimensional viewing pipe line. b) Discuss the projections of 3D objects with necessary transformation matrices. 6. a) Discuss th design of animation sequence in detail. b) Explain raster animation in detail. 7. Explain any two backface detection methods with examples. 8. Three points on a shiny metallic surface are given (2,0,4), (15,0,6) and (9,0,9). The light vector is L =-i+2j-k and the viewing vector is given by V =i+1.5j+0.5k.Assuming that there is only one object and that is illuminated by a single light source, calculate the resultant intensity. Take Kd=0.2,Ka=0.3 and same for specular reflection W() is 0.85.The value of n for specular reflection is 5 . Assume Ia= Intensity of ambient light = 1, I1= Intensity of light source =10 and neglect any intensity. 1 of 1

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Code No: K0328

R07

Set No. 3

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS (Mechanical Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. a ) What are vector graphics? b) Consider two raster systems with resolutions of 600 by 400 and 1000 by1024. How many pixels could be accessed per second in each of these system by a display controller that refreshes the screen at a rate of 40 frames per second ? What is the access time per pixel in each system? 2. a) Distinguish the merits and demerits of scan line and flood fill algorithms. b) Discuss the super sampling approach followed in antialiasing. 3. Show that transformation matrix , for a reflection about the line y= x is equivalent to a reflection relative to the x axis followed by a counterclockwise rotation of 90 degrees. 4. Write a brief note about the following: a) View plane b) View reference c) View plane normal 5. Explain Bezier and B-spline surfaces with necessary equations. 6. a) What are the steps involved in two-pass Z-buffer shadow algorithm? b) Explain depth sorting. 7. Discuss about different methods of controlling animation. 8. a) Assuming that one allows 128 depth value levels to be used, how much memory would a 512 512 pixel display require to store the Z-buer? If the seence consists of 14 objects what is the frame buer memory requirement. b) How is the depth of a polygon determined by the painter algorithm? 1 of 1

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Code No: K0328

R07

Set No. 4

IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April, 2011

INTERACTIVE COMPUTER GRAPHICS (Mechanical Engineering)

Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80

Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. a) What is refresh buffer? Identify the contents and organization of the refresh buffer for the case of raster display and vector display. b) what are the main components of vector plasma display and LCD. 2. Digitize a line from (1, 2) to (12, 18) on a raster screen using Bresenham's straight line algorithm. Compare it with line generated using a DDA algorithm. 3. Write the general form of a scaling matrix with respect to a xed point P(h,k) where the scaling factors in x and y directions are a and b respectively. 4. Given a clipping window P (0, 0), Q (340, 0), R (340, 340) and S (0, 340), find the visible portion of the line AB [(-170, 595), (170, 225)] and CD [(425, 85), (595, 595)] against the given window, using Cohen - Sutherland algorithm, showing all the steps. 5. Write a procedure to perform a one-point perspective projection of a point. 6. Explain Phong shading algorithm with an example. 7. A solid tetrahedron is given by position vectors A(1,1,1),B(3,1,1),C(2,1,3)and D(2,2,2) and a point light source is kept at P(2,3,4). Using back face detection method, find the surfaces on which the light falls and the surfaces which are to be shaded 8. Write short notes on any three a) Traditional animation techniques b) Key frame systems c) Motion specifications d) Aliasing and remedies

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