The Leningrad-Novgorod offensive, January 1944

Scenario version 1.0 For The Opera iona! "r of #ar $$$ ver. %.4 &a e' January 14 h, 1944 Loca ion' $ngria, sou h of Leningrad (ap sca!e' ).*+, per heTurn !eng h' .a!f a day urns /ni sca!e' 0a a!ion12egi,en Leng h' %0 - 190 urns O her scenario varia3!es' MRPB: 3 Attrition Divider: 22 Density combat penalty: 50% Entrenchment rate: 50%

!0 R"#E$ A%D &P'(&%$ ) ) ! Recommended *ame options !2 +o,se R,les s,mmary )

4on en s

) ) ) ) ) )

) ) ) ) ) )

3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4

2!0 "%(' -&#&R$ . &RDER &/ BA''#E ) 2! &ber0ommando des +eeres ,nits 2!2 $'A12A ,nits ) )

3!0 $PE-(A# E1E%'$ A%D /EA'"RE$ ) ) ) 3! 1ictory conditions ) ) ) ) 3!2 /inland and the Baltic 5leet ) ) ) 3!3 Amphibio,s operations and the $eei*el Mine5ield 3!6 Environment ) ) ) ) 3!5 (n5rastr,ct,re ) ) ) ) 3!3 $,pply and head7,arters ) ) ) 3!8 Rear area sec,rity and partisans ) ) 3!4 Reconnaissance ) ) ) ) 3!9 $tart o5 *ame! Activation o5 5orces! ) ) 3! 0 +,man vs! $oviet P& :A(; ) ) ) 3! Replacements ) ) ) ) 3! 2 Rein5orcements ) ) ) ) 3! 3 Reconstit,tion ) ) ) ) 6!0 '+EA'ER &P'(&%$ ) 6! &2+ &ptions 6!2 $'A12A &ptions ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

0 0 2 3 6 6 6 5 5 3 8 4 4

2 25 25 25 28 24 24 29 30 30 3 3 32 33 33 33 33 38 39 60 6

5!0 +($'&R(-A# BA-2<R&"%D ) 5! 'he $ie*e o5 #enin*rad ) 96 5!2 /r,strated hopes ) 962 ) 5!3 Brea0in* thro,*h = 963 ) 5!6 'he <erman predicament ) 5!5 Plannin* &peration %eva ) 5!3 Preparin* 5or battle ) ) 5!8 'he initial assa,lt ) ) 5!4 Brea0thro,*h ) ) 5!9 $hield and $>ord ) ) 5! 0 'amin* the Panther ) 5! Prel,de to Ba*ration ) 3!0 APPE%D(? ) ) ) 3! E7,ipment Replacements ) 3!2 'errain 5eat,res ) ) 3!3 /re7,ently As0ed @,estions) 3!6 Abbreviations.'ranslations ) 8!0 $&"R-E$ ) 4!0 -RED('$ ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

9!0 -+A%<E #&<

1.0 2/L5S "N& O6T$ONS

1.1 2eco,,ended ga,e op ions
'he scenario >as desi*ned 5or ,se and play)tested >ith the 5ollo>in* *ame options ,nder '&AA v3!6: -ommand B -ontrol: $cenario 1ariability: /o* o5 Aar: Environment: Active Disen*a*ement: %o Borders: +i*h $,pply: %e> /lan0in* R,les: Advanced R,les: %e> ',rn &rder R,les: %e> $,pply R,les: ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF ON ON ON ON

&ther settin*s mi*ht >or0C b,t sho,ld be a*reed ,pon bet>een players be5ore start o5 *ame! /or play a*ainst the $oviet Pro*rammed &pponent be s,re to read 3! 0 5or set,p o5 this!

1.) .ouse 2u!es su,,ary

'he 5ollo>in* is recommended ho,se r,les 5or PBEM play! &ther r,les or omission o5 any o5 these sho,ld be a*reed ,pon bet>een players be5ore start o5 *ame! More detailed descriptions o5 the r,les can be 5o,nd later in this brie5in*: 1. &nly brid*es in heDes >ith 5,lly dra>n road or rail line may be destroyed! 'rails or loose road ends on rivers are not to be destroyed! ). Brid*es may only be destroyed by air attac0 or by partisan or battalion siEed en*ineer ,nits in DC E or / deployment! %. &55)map heDes are 5or movement only! -ombat are not allo>ed on or beyond the distance)heDes! 4. Disbandin* o5 ,nits only allo>ed in o55)map heDes! *. Di**in* in ,nits on 5roEen la0e heDes are %&' allo>ed!

).0 /N$T 4OLO2S 1 O2&52 OF 0"TTL5

).1 O3er+o,,ando des .eeres uni s .eeresgruppe Nord (incl. Kav.Rgt.Nord, Rgt.Gnesen, Radf.Sich.Rgt.3 and Panther Stellung)
208! $icher,n*s)Division (Parts arriving from 16.Armee) 24 ! $icher,n*s)Division (Parts arriving from 16.Armee) 245! $icher,n*s)Division 344! /eld)A,sbild,n*s)Division Re*iment F TallinnG and Estnische <renEsh,tE Re*iment C 2 and 3 (Forming in Estonia) #ettische /re>illi*en PoliEei Re*iment C 2 and 3 (Forming in Latvia)

O her uni s under .7N 2!PanEer)Division (Arriving from HG Mitte) 32!(n5anterie)Division (Arriving from 16.Armee) 32!(n5anterie)Division (Arriving from 16.Armee) (n5anterie)Division FMielauG and 2 6!(n5anterie)Division (Arriving from Norwa ) 290!(n5anterie)Division (!n reserve)

18. "r,ee
2amp5*r,ppe 2Hste and Artillerie Re*iment 402 $$$. SS-6an9er :orps 6!"")/rei>illi*en)PanEer*renadier)Bri*ade FNe#erlan#G !"")/rei>illi*en)PanEer*renadier)Division FNor#lan#G 9!/eld)Division :#; and 0!/eld)Division :#; 20!"")/rei>illi*en)<renadier Divison :estnische nr! ; (Forming in Estonia) L. :orps 23!(n5anterie)Division 80!(n5anterie)Division 2 5!(n5anterie)Division L;$. :orps !(n5anterie)Division 26!(n5anterie)Division 225!(n5anterie)Division <<;$. :orps 3 !(n5anterie)Division (!n reserve) 2 2!(n5anterie)Division 228!(n5anterie)Division

<<;$$$. :orps 2!/eld)Division :#; and 3!/eld)Division :#; 2 !(n5anterie)Division 2 !(n5anterie)Division 6!"")Poli$ei)PanEer*renadier)Division)2amp5*r,ppe <<<;$$$. :orps !/eld)Division :#; 24!IJ*er)Division 2!#ettische "")/rei>illi*en)Bri*ade :Re5orms into 9!""!<r!Div; <<<<$$$. :orps PanEer*renadier)Division Fel#%errn%alle (Arriving from HG Mitte) 54!(n5anterie)Division :Arriving from 16.Armee) 22!(n5anterie)Division :Arriving from 16.Armee;

1=. "r,ee >-?

;$. SS-Fre@i!!igen-:orps >Le ische? 5!"")/rei>illi*en)<renadier)Division :#ettische %r! ; (Arriving from 16.Armee) 9!"")/re>illi*en)<renadier)Division :#ettische %r!2; (Forme# from &.""'(riga#e) <. :orps 4!IJ*er)Division 2 !/eld)Division :#; 30!(n5anterie)Division $$. :orps >-? 2 4!(n5anterie)Division

Finnish "r,y and 4oas a! 0a eries Luf @affe 7round /ni s Luf @affe "ir /ni s

).) ST";:" uni s

6ar isans >1s o 1% h 6ar isan 0rigade?

Leningrad Fron inc!. 4A h For 2egion, * h N:;& 2if!e &ivision, %0 h 7uards Tan+ 0rigade
4th and 23rd Artillery Penetration DivisionC 8th Ri5le -orps : 20thC 23rdC 20
st st

<,ards Mortar Division

and 3 6th Ri5le Division; (!n Front )eserve)

st

23rd Ri5le -orps : 49thC 226th and 29 O her uni s arriving a Leningrad Fron 6th Ri5le -orps :2 stC 38th and

Ri5le Division; (!n Front )eserve)

6th Ri5le Division; (From *arelian Front)

4th Estonian Ri5le -orps :8th and 269th Estonian Ri5le Division; (!n "TA+*A )eserve) 3rd <,ards 'an0 -orps :3rdC 4th and 9th <,ards 'an0 Bri*adeC 2nd <,ards Mot! Bri*ade; (!n "TA+*A )eserve) )nd Shoc+ "r,y inc!. 1*)nd Tan+ 0rigade 3th /ort Re*ionC 64th and 8
st

%aval and 50th Ri5le Bri*ade

63rd Ri5le -orps :64thC 90th and 94th Ri5le Division; 04th Ri5le -orps : 34thC 93th and 265th Ri5le Division; (!n )eserve) 22nd Ri5le -orps :
th

C 63rd and 3

st

Ri5le Division;

)%rd "r,y inc!. 1A h and ))nd For 2egion (*arelian !st%mus) 25th Ri5le -orps : 0thC 92nd and 62nd Ri5le Division; (*arelian !st%mus) 4)nd "r,y inc!. 1s Leningrad and ))0 h Tan+ 0rigade 89th /ort Re*ion 30th <,ards Ri5le -orps :65thC 33rd and 36th <,ards Ri5le Divison; 09th Ri5le -orps :82ndC 09th and 25th Ri5le Division; 0th Ri5le -orps :53thC 45th and 43th Ri5le Division; =A h "r,y 6th /ort Re*ion 94th Ri5le -orps :235th and 323th Ri5le Division; (!n "TA+*A )eserve) 3th Ri5le -orps : 3thC 63th and 383th Ri5le Division; 4th Ri5le -orps : 26thC 24th and 234th Ri5le Division;

1% h "ir "r,y >)A* h $"&, )A= h 0"& and )AA Sh"&?

0a! ic F!ee inc!. :rons ad and $dBors+yi For Sec ors, 11* h Nava! 2if!e and )=0 h (arine 0rigade
Red Banner Baltic /leet :2B/;
st

C 2nd and 3rd %aval <ro,p

#enin*rad -o,nter)Battery Artillery -orps Red Banner Baltic /leet :2B/; Air 5orce :4 th M'ADC 9th $hAD and Leningrad 6;O 2nd <,ards /i*hter Air -orps :(A2;
st

<,ards (AD;

;o!+hov Fron inc!. A h 7uards Tan+ 0rigade, )nd 7uards Sp. 5ng. 0rigade, 9 h "ssau! 5ng. 0rigade
8th Ri5le -orps :253th and 342nd Ri5le Division and 54th Ri5le Bri*ade; (!n Front )eserve) 2nd Artillery Division 8 h "r,y inc!. 41s "" "r i!!ery &ivision 4th Ri5le Division and
st

and 22nd Ri5le Bri*ade

th

99th Ri5le -orps :229th and 3

Ri5le Division; (!n "TA+*A )eserve)

9th Ri5le -orps :243thC 336th and 386th Ri5le Division; *4 h "r,y inc!. 41s "" "r i!!ery &ivision 2nd /ort Re*ion
th

Ri5le -orps :66th and 244th Ri5le Division and 53rd Ri5le Bri*ade;
st

5th Ri5le -orps :24

and 245th Ri5le Division and 6th Ri5le Bri*ade;

26th Ri5le -orps :40thC 88th and 94th Ri5le Division; *9 h "r,y inc!. 1= h, )9 h and 1))nd Tan+ 0rigade and 44 h "" "r i!!ery &ivision 50th /ort Re*ion 3th Ri5le -orps :35thC 239th and 3 0th Ri5le Division; 6th Ri5le -orps : 9 stC 225th and 384th Ri5le Division; 2th Ri5le -orps :2ndC 382nd and 388th Ri5le Division and 26th Ri5le Bri*ade; (!n )eserve) 14 h "ir "r,y >)=9 h $"&, )80 h 0"& and )81s Sh"&? and 11 h (i-ed "ir 4orps >4":?

C)nd 0a! ic Fron >-?D

1s Shoc+ "r,y inc!. 4)nd "" "r i!!ery &ivision 42nd and 204th Ri5le Division and 38th Ri5le Bri*ade 6th <,ards Ri5le -orps :23rd and 53rd <,ards and 39 ))nd "r,y >-? inc!. 1% h 5ngineer-Sapper 0rigade 66th Ri5le -orps :23th and 5th Ri5le Division;
st

Ri5le Division;

"nits in red 5ormations doesnKt reconstit,te at all!

%.0 S654$"L 5;5NTS "N& F5"T/25S

%.1 ;ic ory condi ions
2egu!ar ga,e ending /or the Red Army it >asnKt eno,*h to L,st p,sh the <ermans relative intact bac0 to the Panther #ine and in doin* so li5t the sie*e over #enin*rad! 'he overall soviet plan 5or the operation >as the destr,ction o5 the <erman 4th ArmyC in order to *ain access to the Baltic re*ion >ith a decisive breach o5 the Panther #ine! +istorically they only ca,*ht a 5e> divisions north o5 2rasnoe $eloC >hile the maLority o5 the 4 th Army >ithdre>C badly ma,led b,t coherentC behind the Panther lineC >hereC apart 5rom minor penetrations across the %arva river and the c,ttin* o5 the Ps0ov)&strov hi*h>ayC the <ermans made a s,ccess5,l stand! 'o re5lect thisC the map contains 1Ps in to>ns and other locations in s,ch a >ay as to *ive the <erman player a mar*inal victoryC i5 he is able to stop any maLor brea0thro,*h o5 the Panther #ine ,ntil mid)April! Dependin* on ho> 5ar beyond the Panther #ine the $oviets reachC they can achieve all 5rom a dra> to an over>helmin* victory! +o>everC this only holds tr,e i5 1P penalties 5rom cas,alties and options ta0en by both sides some>hat balances! (5 the <erman player mana*e to end the *ame still in the Panther #ineC b,t by ,se o5 a lot o5 his rein5orcements or by havin* ta0en heavy cas,altiesC >hile the $oviet player has been more conservative >ith his 5orcesC it co,ld L,st as >ell end in a dra> or >orse! &n the other handC i5 it is the $oviet player that has ,sed most eDtra troopsC it co,ld be a more decisive victory 5or the <ermans! Sudden dea h vic ory 'here is also a possibility 5or the *ame to end be5ore the m,d arrives! D,rin* the operationC $talin 5,med at his commanders and sent n,mero,s threatenin* directivesC a5ter they 5ailed to meet the ori*inal KdeadlinesK! 'his p,ts the $oviet player on a bit o5 a time table at 5irstC in the sense that he has to be in control o5 at least t>o obLective to>ns mar0ed >ith stars by t,rn 30 :Ian! 24 th;C three obLective to>ns by t,rn 50 :/eb! 8th; and 5ive obLective to>ns by t,rn 40 :/eb! 22 nd;C or he >ill s,55er a s,dden death and <erman 1ictory! 'he <erman player on the other hand >ill lose the *ame instantly i5 the $oviet player ever controls 0 obLectives! (5 <erman player activates option (lau, it >ill remove his chance o5 >innin* a s,dden death victory! 'he 5ollo>in* tables and maps *ives an overvie> o5 the obLectives and re7,irements: $oviet &bLectives M2 M3 M5 0N ',rn 30N 50N 40N Any Res,lt <erman s,dden victory <erman s,dden victory <erman s,dden victory $oviet s,dden victory

'o>n 2rasno*vardeis0 %ov*orod 2in*isepp #,*a Dno %arva Ps0ov &strov

#ocation 23C36 30C85 43C63 20C34 23C 03 8 C62 88C 03 83C 26

Alternative name Gat-%ina 2am/urg

'o>n Ra0vere 'art, 1Or, Elva 1al*a

#ocation 8 C26 30C43 34C 06 2 C90 0C 08 29C 34C 2 30C 30 4

Alternative name .esen/erg 0or1at .erro Elwa .al3 Ha11en%of Marien/urg Alt "-%wane/urg

Narwa Ples3au 4stroff

Ape Al,0sne <,lbene

As can be seen on the mapC 2rasno*vardeis0 and %ov*orod are the t>o obLectives closest to the 5ront line at the Ian! 6th start date :*rey line; and the obvio,s 5irst tar*ets 5or the $oviet player! (tKs also >orth notin* that o5 the 3 obLectivesC 5ive are located east o5 the Panther #ine :>hite line;! 'he Red Army reached this line in the %orth in early /ebr,ary and aro,nd Ps0ov and &strov in early MarchC b,t achieved little else a5ter that!

%.) Fin!and and he 0a! ic f!ee

'he Red Banner Baltic /leet had been see0in* re5,*ee in 2ronstadt and #enin*rad harbors d,rin* the entire sie*eC b,t had still s,55ered losses 5rom artillery and #,5t>a55e bombardments! &n the bottom o5 2ronstadt harbor lay the battleship Petro1avlovs3 :eD) Marat; >ith still 5,nctionin* *,n t,rretsC >hile the battleship 4-to/er )evolution alon* >ith the cr,isers *irovC Ma3sim Gor3i and the dama*ed Tallinn (e5'German L6t$ow)C >as anchored in #enin*rad harbor! $,pportin* these >ere seven destroyers and a n,mber o5 *,n)boats! Despite the 5act that the lar*e coastal batteries on the so,thern shore o5 the <,l5 o5 /inland )emains of /attles%i1 Petro1avlovs3 at t%e *ronsta#t Har/or >ere still on $oviet hands than0s to the &ranienba,m brid*eheadC the ships >ere still pinned in harbor since the /inns had set ,p their o>n coastal batteries on the northern shore o5 the *,l5! As lon* as these >ere in place the Baltic /leet >o,ldnKt ris0 r,nnin* the *a,ntlet d,rin* a brea0)o,t into open >aters! 'he /innish army and coastal batteries have been incl,ded in the scenarioC b,t p,rely 5or esthetic reasons! /innish occ,pied land area as >ell as sea area >ithin ran*e o5 the /innish *,ns have been set as an eDcl,sion EoneC as lon* as the /inns stay in the >ar! A5ter the (nitial $oviet s,ccess a*ainst Army <ro,p %orth in early 966C the /inns made some preliminary in7,iries abo,t the possibility 5or a peace >ith the $oviets in /ebr,ary! A5ter the $oviets >ere halted at the Panther lineC ne*otiations >ere terminated by the /inns ho>everC as they believed the $oviet demands to be too harsh! (n the scenario there is a 25% probability o5 an /innish armistice i5 %arva :8 C62; is lost be5ore t,rn 34 :/eb! st; and 50% i5 IOhvi :5 C63; or Ra0vere :2 C66; is capt,red by the $oviets at any time! :separate chec0sC non)c,m,lative;! 'he <ermans can remove the ris0 o5 a $oviet)/innish peace by loss o5 %arva and IOhvi :b,t not Ra0vere;C i5 he ta0es an option to send increased aid to help /inlandC be5ore the to>ns 5all! $ho,ld /inland p,ll o,t o5 the >ar it doesnKt have direct conse7,ences on any victory levelsC b,t the /innish ,nits as >ell as the eDcl,sion Eones aro,nd them is removedC allo>in* the Baltic 5leet to be*in s,pportin* the Red Army! /,rthermoreC $oviet ,nits previo,sly 5acin* the /inns no> become available 5or operations a*ainst the <ermans! 'his incl,des the 23 rd Army on the 2arelian (sthm,sC as >ell as 6 th Ri5le -orps previo,sly positioned at the $vir River at Eastern 2arelia :o55)map;C that >ill be*in arrivin* over the 5ollo>in* days!

%.% ",phi3ious opera ions and he Seeige! (inefie!d

Both sides >ill have the option 5or transports o5 minor ,nits by sea! 'he <erman player have a capacity o5 60C allo>in* the transportin* o5 approDimately a company siEed ,nit per t,rn! 'his capacity >ill be ,nchan*ed thro,*ho,t the scenario! 'he $oviet player >onKt be able to move ,nits by sea 5rom the startC b,t have to chose an option a5ter the capt,re o5 heD:44C23; to allo> this! +e >ill then have a capacity o5 40C eno,*h to transport abo,t a battalion each t,rn! Both players are allo>ed to do simple transports 5rom one 5riendly harbor heD to another or act,al sea invasions either directly on enemy harbors or other heDes :'he latter >ill re7,ire stayin* embar0ed by the coast ,ntil the 5ollo>in* t,rn;! 'he <ermans had laid o,t a screen o5 mines in the <,l5 o5 /inland called the $eei*el Mine5ieldC to prevent s,bmarines and s,r5ace ships in enterin* the rest o5 the Baltic $ea! 'his area is represented by an EDcl,sion Eone! 'he island o5 'ytJrsaari controls the passa*e to the >estern part o5 the sea area! D,rin* the operation a part o5 the 230 th Marine Bri*ade attempted a diversionary sea invasionC behind the <erman de5ense at the %arva RiverC at Mere0Hla on /eb! 6thC b,t this ended in total disaster >ith everyone involved 0illed or capt,red!

10

%.4 5nviron,en
#ea her Aith a start date o5 mid) Ian,ary it sho,ld come as no s,rprise that yo, >ill be dealin* >ith a lot o5 sno> in this scenario! +o>everC the act,al >inter >as in many >ays m,ch di55erent than the tr,ly eDtreme temperat,res the soldiers had been 5i*htin* the earlier years! 'he >eather conditions in >inter 966 >ere mild and s,bLect German grenadiers take cover in the snowy mud behind a Tiger of s.Pz.Abt.502 to 5re7,ent tha>s! 'he ice cover on rivers and la0es co,ld s,pport tr,c0s and re*imental artillery b,t not heavy >eaponry or tan0sC and the s>amps >ere only partially 5roEen and di55ic,lt to traverse! 'he >eather en*ine in the *ame lac0s a bit o5 5inesse to acc,rate depict this sit,ationC so a compromise had to be made! As the tha>s never lasted lon* eno,*h to brea0 ,p the ice on the rivers and la0esC the >eather 5or the 5irst lon* period o5 the *ame >ill be 5iDed to a settin* o5 P5roEen 3PC meanin* that all shallo> >aterC rivers and s>amps are 5roEen! 'his is chosen as m,ddy *ro,nd >o,ld be abo,t as di55ic,lt to move in as deep sno>! 'o represent the relative thin iceC lar*er areas o5 5roEen la0e and s>amps have a ,nderlyin* layer o5 badlands added! 'his >ill ma0e motoriEed movement ,nable to cross themC as >ell as hamperin* s,pply traced thro,*h! $o >hile the open areas o5 ice mi*ht seem li0e a recipe 5or s>i5t movementsC itKs really only alon* the coastlines movement is 5ast! Entrenchin* on any 5roEen la0e heD is not allo>ed! 'he sprin* started arrivin* in early April and in the scenario the ice brea0s ,p bet>een t,rn 32 and 39 >ith a notice comin* ro,*hly a day in advance ,nder %e>s! "nits still on the ice as this happens >ill be destroyedC b,t in case that a crossin* bet>een #a0e Peip,s and Ps0ov has been madeC anchora*e heDes have been added to allo> limited s,pply and ,nits to 0eep crossin* the narro> strait a5ter>ard! (t >ill *et *rad,ally >armer and abo,t a >ee0 a5ter the ice disappearsC all sno> t,rns to m,d! A 5e> t,rns a5ter thisC the scenario ma0es the re*,lar *ame endin*C see 3! ! Terrain %orthern R,ssia contained some o5 the >orst terrain o5 all o5 the Eastern /ront! 'he nat,ral ve*etation comprisin* o5 deep 5orests and many la0esC 5ens and bo*s made movement o,tside o5 roads slo> and in many places impossible! $ome o5 the dominant 5eat,res >hen loo0in* at a map o5 the area is the also the lar*e la0esC connected >ith n,mero,s rivers! #a0e (lmen receives most o5 itKs >ater 5rom the #ovat river comin* 5rom the so,th and the $helon 5rom the >est! %orth o5 (lmen at %ov*orodC the 1ol0hov River leads the >ater ro,*hly strai*ht north ,p to #a0e #ado*a! /rom here the %eva River *oes so,th)>est and >est be5ore reachin* the Baltic sea at #enin*rad! 'he #,*a River sprin*s 5rom the area bet>een %ov*orod and #enin*radC 5lo>s so,th be5ore t,rnin* north)>est thro,*h #,*a and 0eep *oin* o,t into the Baltic! %ot 5ar 5rom here the %arva River also 5lo>s into the Baltic! 'his river comes 5rom #a0e Peip,s >hich 5,rther so,th becomes #a0e Ps0ov! 'his la0e *ets most o5 itKs >ater 5rom the 1eli0aya river r,nnin* so,th thro,*h Ps0ov and &strov! $ince these >ater>ays >ill be 5roEen 5or most o5 the d,ration o5 the *ameC they donKt pose as bi* an obstacle as they >o,ld do in the s,mmer! Bet>een these *reat rivers many smaller rivers and streams 5ill most o5 the area! 'he eDception bein* >hat is 0no>n as the (Ehora Platea, so,th)>est o5 #enin*rad! 'his is an >ell drained elevated area >ell s,ited 5or a*ric,lt,ral and so has si*ni5icant less 5orest than the rest o5 the re*ion! 'he platea, is bordered by a some>hat steep slope to the northC 0no>n as the Baltic)#ado*a 2lintC that act,ally contin,es so,th >est and a*ain becomes very distinctive alon* the Estonian Baltic coast >ith vertical cli55s! $ome o5 the bo*s had been ,sed to harvest peat be5ore and d,rin* the >ar! 'his is represented in the *ame by the ,se o5 boca*e terrain at those locations!

11

%.* $nfras ruc ure

2oads, 2ai! and Off-,ap areas 'his very di55ic,lt terrain is intersected >ith only 5e> *ood roads and rail lines! &nly bet>een the lar*er cities >ere 5o,nd roads >ith *ood 7,alityC >hile the areas 5ar 5rom the main roads o5ten had simple trac0s that didnKt help m,ch as soon as conditions >erenKt ideal li0e sno> or m,d! (n the scenario these trac0s are implemented as bro0en or dotted road lines! 'his >ill ma0e movement alon* every other heD cost 5,ll terrain cost and is only mar*inally 5aster than 5,ll cross)co,ntry movement! &5ten the 5astest >ay bet>een t>o points is not the direct ro,teC b,t 5indin* a 5,lly dra>n road instead! 'hese conditions can be a blessin* and a c,rse 5or both sides! Aith o5ten only a sin*le 5ast ro,te available the ability to slo> a lar*e amo,nt o5 enemies >ith only 5e> ,nits is possibleC b,t yo, also r,n the ris0 o5 havin* ,nits bein* c,t o55C i5 the only comm,nication lines is bloc0ed by partisans or bypassin* ,nits! (n ma0in* the map ( >ondered at 5irst >hy the <ermans had *iven a speci5ic name :PMercedes $ternP; to >hat appeared as a ordinary cross)road! $,reC it resembled the star on a MercedesC b,t >itho,t even havin* paved s,r5aceC it seemed a bit m,ch! ( then noticed that this cross)road e55ectively made ,p the only decent road connection to the eastern part o5 4th armyKs 5orces other than the road at %ov*orod! Aere it to be severedC it >o,ld be di55ic,lt 5or these ,nits to 7,ic0ly p,ll o,t! /or the <erman player all s,pply 5rom Ri*a :o55)map; ,ltimately have to pass by rail thro,*h either %arva north o5 #a0e Peip,sC or thro,*h Ps0ov so,th o5 the la0e! As lon* as there is still comm,nication to the so,thC there is also an important rail L,nction at Dno that can distrib,te the s,pply! 'he $oviet player is 5aced >ith similar bottlenec0s once he attempts to p,sh the <ermans bac0C 5or instance 2rasno*vardeis0C -h,dovoC %ov*orod and $taraya R,ssa! $ome o5 the rails present in the scenario is really nothin* more than narro> *a,*e 5ield trac0sC ,sed to brin* s,pply the last distance to the 5ront 5rom the main rail linesC b,t they >ill >or0 as normal rail in the scenario! Also at the start o5 the *ame a n,mber o5 locations contain dama*ed rail lines! 'hese >ill *ive the players opport,nities to improve their s,pply *rid i5 needed at certain areas! 'his co,ld be a <erman second north)so,th line 5,rther >est as a bac0),p 5or the Ps0ov)&strov railC or a $oviet by)pass line aro,nd Ps0ovC to ma0e s,pply in 5ront o5 &strov better >itho,t the need to control Ps0ov! Both sides have a n,mber o5 rail)repair ,nits available 5or these tas0s! All rail >ill be destroyed >hen capt,red and there are no a,tomatic rail)repair bet>een t,rnsC eDcept 5or the Pro*rammed &pponent! At the ed*e o5 the map r,ns the o55)map rail representin* rail lines in the area not incl,ded on the map! At vario,s points there are access bet>een the main area and the o55)map! 'he transition is mar0ed >ith distance heDes! 'he distance heDes can be entered >ith normal movement b,t the rest o5 the o55)map heDes can only be covered >ith rail movement! A 5e> eDceptions eDistC >here on)map roads enter the o55)map 5or a 5e> heDes! 'hese heDes can be ,sed 5or normal movement as >ell! 'he distance heDes are non)combat areasC and i5 any ,nits have been p,shed into thoseC the enemy sho,ld stop 5,rther attac0sC so the retreated ,nits *ain possibility to rail)move a>ay or disband! 'he o55)map heDes are the only place ,nits are allo>ed to vol,ntarily disband in the scenario! 'he only ,nit that have the ability to move normal in the o55)map area is the $oviet rail)repair ,nit mar0ed to do so! 'his ,nit may not move &"' o5 the o55)map heDes!

12

0ridges Aith the lar*e amo,nt o5 riversC there is alsoC despite the poor road and rail net>or0C a lot o5 brid*es! Rail brid*es and re*,lar road brid*es can be destroyedC >hile trails :road heDes >ith Ploose endsPQ only one road eDits the heD; in river heDes sho,ld not be considered brid*es to be blo>nC ,nless there is also a rail line present! Brid*es can either be destroyed by air ,nitsC or by Partisan :,nit icon P on blan0 bac0*ro,nd; or battalion siEed en*ineer ,nits :horiEontal E;! (n order to per5orm a demolitionC these ,nits sho,ld be either in DC E or / deployment on the brid*e at the time o5 destr,ction! Brid*es can be attempted reb,ilt by any ,nitsC b,t >ill obvio,sly s,cceed more o5ten i5 bein* per5ormed by Bridgeb owing! Green a owed" red i ega . en*ineerC pontoon or constr,ction ,nits! The 6an her Line and o her for ifica ions $ince m,ch o5 the 5ront line at Army <ro,p %orth had stayed static 5or a period o5 over t>o yearsC there had been made eDtensive 5ield 5orti5ications alon* the 5ront and in some depthC as >ell as several stron* points in villa*es behind the 5ront! &ne o5 the more 5ormidable >ere the de5ensive positions prepared on the D,derho5 +ei*htsC the elevated terrain 5ormed by the north)eastern part o5 the (Ehora platea,C at 2rasnoe $elo! Early >or0 had also been made on >hat >as 0no>n as the Rollbahn $tell,n*C a line r,nnin* L,st north o5 the -h,dovo)#enin*rad roadC *ivin* the <erman ,nits in the M*a and 2irishi b,l*es the possibility to p,ll bac0 to a line only hal5 the len*th o5 their c,rrent position! 'he #,*a position ran as the name >o,ld s,**est alon* the #,*a River in m,ch o5 itKs len*thC be5ore *oin* behind parts o5 the Msa*a and $helon Rivers! Despite bein* the shortest line bet>een the Baltic and #a0e (lmenC this line s,55ered partly 5rom the 5act that it >asnKt as stron* a position as lon* as the rivers >ere 5roEen! $econdlyC m,ch o5 the in5rastr,ct,re :or lac0 thereo5; behind lar*e parts o5 itC bet>een #,*a and 2in*iseppC made s,pplyin* a de5ense here di55ic,lt! 'he Panther #ine also ,sed rivers to de5ine itKs co,rse! (t started on the >estern side o5 the %arva RiverC be5ore 5ormin* a small brid*ehead on the eastern side at the city itsel5! /ollo>in* the remainder o5 the %arva River to the Peip,s #a0eC it ,sed this and #a0e Ps0ov as nat,ral obstacles be5ore contin,in* 5rom the so,th>estern ed*e o5 this! +ere it started north o5 the 1eli0aya RiverC aro,nd Ps0ov and then stayed 0) 50m on the eastern side o5 the river 5or a *ood distance so,th! (t mi*ht seem stran*e >hy the 1eli0aya river >asnKt chosen to de5ine the lineC b,t had this been doneC it >o,ld mean *ivin* ,p on the important Ps0ov)&strovC rail line and road! %o> the river co,ld also be ,sed as an A uffangstellung :a secondary line o5 de5enseC in case o5 a brea0thro,*h;! &nly in 5ront o5 the bi**er to>ns o5 %arvaC Ps0ov and &strovC had constr,ction reached an advanced sta*eC >hen the line >as occ,pied! &ther places it >as little more than a machine d,* trench to mar0 the line! 'he Panther #ine >as more than L,st the de5ensive >or0 tho,*hC as the improvement o5 the in5rastr,ct,re :constr,ction o5 depotsC in5irmaries etc!;C needed 5or a s,ccess5,l de5ense thereC >as bein* b,ilt in the rear as >ell!

%.= Supp!y and headEuar ers

Both sides only have a sin*le 00% s,pply heDC located o55)map in each lo>er corner! &bvio,sly it >o,ld be a disaster to lose theseC b,t the *ame >ill most li0ely have ended by tri**erin* some o5 the s,dden death conditions be5ore this any>ay! #imited s,pply so,rces eDist on islands and in the &ranienba,m poc0et! 'hro,*h ,se o5 theater options the <erman player can also create limited s,pply so,rces in %arvaC #,*a and Ps0ov by declarin* the FestungsC or at #i,ban Air5ield 5or a limited time period! :see 6! ;! Almost all 5ormations on either side have a head7,arter >ith a n,mber o5 s,pply s7,ads! 'he s,pply each ,nit in the 5ormation receives are proportional to the 5raction o5 these s7,ads present compared to itKs a,thoriEed amo,nt! $ome minor 5ormationsC ,s,ally re*imental siEedC donKt have a separate +@ and instead have a 5iDed s,pply rate! (n the +@ are also command s7,ads! (5 these s7,ads are all lost in the +@C the 5ormation is li0ely to *o into reor*aniEation! $ome o5 +@s have a limited amo,nt o5 ri5le s7,ads and other battle e7,ipment! "s,ally this comes 5rom the trainin* or /eld)ErsatE battalions in the divisionsC >hich

13

in the scenario are not represented by separate ,nits :eDcept the <erman 344 th /ield 'rainin* division;C b,t is combined in the +@ ,nit! 'hese trainin* ,nits D(D see combat 5rom time to time in times o5 crisisC b,t *enerally it is recommended not to ,se the +@ ,nits in the 5ront line! 'he $oviet /ront and the <erman army and army *ro,p +@s donKt >or0 as normal +@sC b,t is instead s,pply co,nters able to improve s,pply sit,ation in heDes o55 the main rail)lineC in a distance o5 siD heDes 5rom the ,nit!

%.A 2ear area securi y and par isans

(n order to sec,re the lines o5 comm,nication 5rom the rear to the 5rontC a n,mber o5 5ormations >as deployed by Army <ro,p %orth! (n the Baltic statesC there >as not m,ch partisan activityC and local Estonian and #atvian sec,rity battalions patrolled here! &n R,ssian soil more re*,lar <erman 5ormations >as deployed in 5orm o5 three sec,rity divisions as >ell as some independent sec,rity re*iments! $till >ith the m,ch 5orest and marshes in the area ma0in* it very s,ited 5or *,errilla >ar5areC the <ermans co,ld only 0eep an eye on so m,ch o5 the road and rail net>or0 at a time! -loser to the 5ront independent battalions ,nder the armies >ere ma0in* ,p sec,rity! 1ario,s constr,ction battalions >or0in* in the <erman rear also clinched >ith the partisans 5rom time to timeC b,t these ,nits >ere ,ns,ited 5or all b,t the smallest en*a*ements! &ld capt,red /rench and $oviet tan0s >ere ,sed by several o5 the sec,rity ,nitsC >here the lac0 o5 heavy 5irepo>er or thic0 armor >asnKt m,ch o5 an iss,e! 'he 3 partisan bri*ades in the <erman rear are o5 very di55erent siEeC some ma0in* ,p less than C000 menC others over 5C000! Each on their o>nC they donKt comprise m,ch o5 an 5i*htin* 5orceC b,t their sheer n,mber and the di55ic,lt terrainC means that they at times can ca,se m,ch tro,bleC either by destroyin* rail lines or brid*esC bloc0in* <erman s,pply or rein5orcementsC or by ta0in* control o5 areas or brid*es in 5ront o5 the re*,lar armys attac0sC allo>in* it to advance 5asterC or simply actin* as reconnaissance ,nits! (5 any $oviet ,nitsC re*,lar or partisansC approaches the Estonian or #atvian bordersC more local Estonian and #atvian sec,rity ,nits >ill start deployin*! 'o *et control o5 the partisansC the $oviet player m,st activate them by an option! &ther>ise they >ill only activate i5 enemies move adLacent to any o5 their ,nits! 'he <erman sec,rity 5ormations also start inactiveC b,t activates once partisans start ca,sin* havoc near them or the Red Army approaches! Both partisan and sec,rity ,nits are 5ree to move any>hereC b,t it sho,ld be noted that they arenKt really hard combat troops! %either the partisans or the sec,rity ,nits >ill reconstit,te i5 destroyed! (5 the $oviet player ever reaches siD obLectives :see 3! 1ictory conditions;C the partisans >ill be >ithdra>n and 5it partisans >ill be dra5ted into the Red Army! 'his is accomplished by releasin* a n,mber o5 ri5le and $M<)s7,ads into the $oviet reserve pool! 'he $oviet player is 5ree to disband the partisan ,nits o55)mapC to redistrib,te >hatever other e7,ipment they contain be5ore this! Ahen the re*,lar partisans are removed 5rom *ameC increased activity by in5iltratin* comm,nist *ro,ps in the Estonia and #atvia area >ill be*in and partisan activity >ill increase to % here!

%.8 2econnaissance
Both sides >ill have a strate*ic recon level o5 0 :Eero; thro,*ho,t the *ameC ma0in* only nearby ,nitsC +@s and lar*e concentrations o5 enemy ,nits in the rear observable! As the 5ront bro0e and <erman 5ormations lost contact >ith their 5lan0sC there >ere several days >ere an entire $oviet army >ere advancin* >itho,t the <ermans receivin* intelli*ence abo,t itKs location or direction! Also the $ovietsC once leavin* the 5iDed 5ront linesC ran into tro,ble o5 identi5yin* the stren*th o5 the opposin* ,nit bloc0in* 5,rther advance!

%.9 S ar of ga,e. "c iva ion of forces.

'he 5irst t,rn 5or both players is merely an option selectin* phaseC and a cease 5ire >ill be in e55ect! 'he <ermans are set as player C and on the 5irst t,rn have a si*ni5icant decisionC abo,t >hether to initiate &peration (lau at the cost o5 00 1P! (s this chosenC he >ill start t,rn 2 >ith 5,ll control o5 entire 4 th army! As plannedC (lau >as a >ithdra>al to the Panther lineC b,t in this scenario it >ill simply *ive the <erman player 5ree hands to plan his de5ense as he see 5itC >itho,t havin* to be restricted by +itlers insistence on

14

not vol,ntarily *ivin* ,p any *ro,nd! (5 it is selected the <erman player also 5or5eits the possibility to >in a s,dden death victory! (5 (lau is not chosenC the <ermans second t,rn >ill also be 7,ite ,nevent5,lC >ith only 5e> ,nits to move! 'he <ermans >ill be able to activate individ,al 2orps >hen certain prere7,isites have been 5,l5illed! :see 6! ; 'his allo>s either the trans5er o5 some o5 this 2orpsK ,nits else>here or a 5,ll >ithdra>al o5 the 2orps! (lau or notC the $oviets >ill be able to start their o55ensive on t,rn 2C >hen both the 2 nd $hoc0 Army in the &ranienba,m Brid*ehead and 59th Army at %ov*orod activatesC alon* >ith the 11$ :$oviet air 5orce; and naval 5orces ready to provide s,pport 5or the attac0! 'he rest o5 the armies stay inactive 5or no>! &n t,rn the $oviet player receives a sin*le ,nit that can be controlled at each o5 these inactive armies! 'hese ,nits can be ,sed to advance into any empty heDesC in case the <erman player has >ea0ened his line too m,ch! (s this doneC the opposin* $oviet army >ill activate 5or 5reeC >itho,t the need o5 payin* an option cost! (5 the $oviets attac0 a heD o5 an inactive <erman 2orpsC it >ill activate the 2orps at no cost 5or the <ermans! &n ',rn 3C options become available 5or the $oviet player to activate additional armiesC that can Loin the 62 nd Army that activates 5or 5ree on ',rn 6! 62 nd Army have s,pport 5rom the 3 rd Artillery -orps and 3 artillery divisions! 'hese activate to*ether >ith the army b,t *o into reserve at start o5 t,rn 9! 'he sin*le artillery division at 59th Army activate at t,rn 2 and *o into reserve at t,rn 8! All the artillery 5ormations >ill be able to be activated an additional t>o timesC each time 5or 3 t,rnsC by ,se o5 theater options! %ote that cost is do,bled 5or their last reactivation :see 6!2;!

%.10 .u,an vs. Sovie 6O >"$?

A $oviet Pro*rammed &pponent has been incl,ded in the scenario 5or play as <ermans a*ainst the comp,ter! (5 this is >anted it is recommended to start the *ame as a +ot)$eat type *ame and then select the comp,ter to control $'A12A in the 5irst <erman t,rn! 'his >ill remove the variable t,rn order that co,ld *ive ,ndesired e55ects in activation o5 certain 5ormations! Ahen the comp,ter controls the $oviet 5orcesC it >ill be *iven a 5e> advanta*es to help it per5orm better! 'hese incl,de a 7,ic0er release o5 reserve 5ormations >itho,t the eDtra costC ,nrestricted ,se o5 artillery 5ormationsC t>o rail heDes a,tomatically repaired per t,rn and a 25% increase in replacements o5 common e7,ipment! AlsoC to prevent the P& 5rom inadvertently activatin* <erman ,nitsC it >ill be allo>ed to per5orm bombardments and limited attac0s on theseC >itho,t the entire 2orps activatin*! (5 the $oviet armies start their o55ensivesC the 5ormations >ill activate as normal!

%.11 2ep!ace,en s
Both sides are receivin* a n,mber o5 the most common troops and e7,ipment each t,rnC b,t neither at a rate >ere they >ill be able to 0eep stren*th d,rin* heavy combat! AlsoC replacements >ill be slo> to reach combat ,nits even i5 present in the poolC so it >ill ta0e several days be5ore depleted ,nits *et bac0 to 5i*htin* stren*th! D,rin* 963 the <ermans be*an alterin* the str,ct,re o5 their in5antry divisions into the so called n!A! :ne,e Arte R new t 1e;C >hich red,ced the n,mber o5 battalions in each re*iment 5rom three to t>o! $,rpl,s personnel >as ,sed in remainin* battalionsC so at start o5 966 these >ere at reasonable state n,mbers)>ise! 'hey >ere also in the process o5 improvin* their in5antry ,nits anti)tan0 ability by iss,in* PanEer5a,st and PanEerschrec0 la,nchers to their *renadiers! 'here5ore many o5 the <erman ,nits start >ith more than a,thoriEed amo,nt o5 the PoldP in5antry typeC as empty e7,ipment slots have been saved 5or the ne> type arrivin* at a *reater rate! 'he *reat variety in the >eapons systems >as a real problem 5or the <ermans! (n order to have eno,*h >eapons they >ere ,sin* a n,mber o5 di55erent versions o5 older or capt,red types many ,sin* di55erent amm,nition! As an eDample there is 9 di55erent types o5 *,ns in the 6!5) 5!5 cm ran*e in ,se by the <ermans in this scenario! (n reality the n,mber >ere even hi*her! Replacements 5or some o5 these >ere not even availableC so *enerally players sho,ld ta0e *ood care o5 them!

15

2an.1788. T98:;6 from 9<t% Guar#s Tan3 (riga#e at *rasnoe "elo,

'he $oviets >ere ,sin* a system some>hat more standardiEedC b,t still >onKt receive eno,*h e7,ipment to 0eep ,p 5or losses! 'he $oviet ,nits are at a 5airly depleted stateC >hich at this time o5 the >ar >as more or less standard proced,re! Both sides >ill have some o5 the less common types o5 e7,ipment added to their replacement pool 2)3 times per month thro,*h

a,tomatic ,nit disbands! :$ee 3! ; 'he <ermans >ill also be able to press capt,red tan0s into 5ront)line service! (5 soviet armored ,nits are destroyedC a 5e> o5 the tan0s or $P)*,ns are considered capt,red and >ill be added to the <erman 5orce pool a little later! Ahile $oviet tan0 bri*ades o55icially had three tan0 battalions at this time o5 the >arC some o5 the bri*ades start the *ame >ith only t>o as they hadnKt had time to re5orm! (5 any o5 the t>o startin* battalions evaporate or disband they >ill be ,sed to 5orm this third battalionC >hich >ill arrive a5ter some >ee0s!

%.1) 2einforce,en s
'he 5ollo>in* is a list o5 rein5orcements in the scenario that can be tri**ered by events on map :capt,re o5 to>nsC attac0s on sections o5 the 5ront etc!;! $ome o5 these 5ormations >ill also be available to be Fbo,*htG thro,*h theater options available as the scenario pro*ressesC >hile other 5ormations >ill onl be released at a cost! $ee 6! and 6!2! $maller individ,al ,nits on both sides >ill also arrive thro,*ho,t the scenario! 5s onian genera! conscrip ion >O:.? Be5ore the Red army approached the Estonian border and a mobiliEation o5 Estonians >ere carried o,tC the 20!$$ Estnische /rei>illi*en Division >as already re5ormin* in Estonia 5rom the 3!Estnische $$)/rei>illi*en) Bri*ade a5ter havin* 5o,*ht at %evel d,rin* the /all o5 963! Also vario,s police and sec,rity ,nits >ere patrollin* both in EstoniaC b,t also behind the 5ront! A5ter the mobiliEation several Border <,ard Re*iments :Gren$s-%ut$ )egimenten; >ere 5ormed! Ahile the division had mainly been 5ormed 5rom vol,nteersC the Border <,ard Re*iments had many dra5teesC and combined >ith little trainin* and lac0 o5 modern >eapons made their combat e55ectiveness limited! 'hey >ere ho>ever ,se5,l 5or sec,rin* more 7,iet areas o5 the 5ront :coast and la0e shores 5or instance; relievin* the strain o5 remainin* de5enders! 7renadier 2egi,en F7nesenG >O:.? 'his 5ormation had been 5ormed 7,ic0ly 5rom replacement ,nits at the to>n o5 <nesen :in c,rrent Poland; and >as sent to +<% to stop the $oviet advance into Estonia! (t arrives )2 >ee0s a5ter $oviets have capt,red 2in*isepp :Iamb,r*;! 1) h 6an9er &ivision >O:.? (5 2rasno*vardeis0 becomes threatened &2+ >ill release the 2 th PanEer Division that >as re5ittin* at the rear o5 Army <ro,p -enter a5ter heavy 5i*htin* in late 963! (t >ill arrive a 5e> days later at the so,th ed*e o5 map >ith the eDception o5 (!.PE!<r!R*t!25 >hich had been sent bac0 to Miela, in East)Pr,ssia to re5orm as the mechaniEed battalion o5 the division! 'his battalion >ill arrive 2)6 >ee0s later! *8 h $nfan ry &ivision >O:.? (5 the soviet advance reaches $ivers0aya the &2+ >ill send the 54th (n5antry Division! 'his division had been

16

5i*htin* at %evel b,t the >ithdra>al at this 5ront had shortened the line allo>in* the division to be trans5erred else>here! (t >ill arrive at the so,th ed*e o5 the map a 5e> days later! La vian Forces >O:.? 'he 5!$$)<renadier)Division :lettische %r! ; had also been 5i*htin* at %evel and >as comin* into reserve! (t >ill arrive 6) days a5ter a $oviet attac0 on ?!2orps has started! 'he 2!#ettische $$)/rei>illi*en)Bri*ade is already already present at the start o5 the *ame! 'his bri*ade later re5ormed into the 9!$$)<renadier)Division :lettische %r!2;! 'he <erman player controls >hen this >ill occ,r thro,*h ,se o5 theater optionsC allo>in* him to choose the most convenient timeC as the division >ill need some time be5ore it is stron* eno,*h to see combat! 'o control the t>o #atvian divisions is the 1(!$$)2orps :lettische;C >hich arrives )2 >ee0s a5ter the 5ormation o5 9!$$)<r!Div! 99 h 2if!e 4orps >))9 h and %11 h 2if!e &ivision? >ST";:"? 'his corps arrives at 1ol0hov )2 >ee0s a5ter 4 th Army activatesC either by theater option or tri**ered by a <erman >ithdra>al! )4* h 2if!e &ivision >ST";:"? 'his division arrives at 1ol0hov 3)5 >ee0s a5ter 04 th Ri5le -orps has activatedC either by theater option or tri**ered by a capt,re o5 Ropsha! %rd 7uards Tan+ 4orps >%rd, 18 h and 19 h 7ds T+. 0de and )nd 7ds (o . 0de? >ST";:"? Beca,se o5 the terrainC initial armored 5orces allocated to the o55ensive only consisted o5 separate tan0 bri*ades! (n case o5 a 7,ic0 brea0thro,*h $'A12A >as holdin* the 3 rd <,ards 'an0 -orpsC re5itted a5ter havin* 5o,*ht at 2,rs0C in reserve! 'he initial plan called 5or the capt,re o5 #,*a be5ore /ebr,ary a5ter >hich 3rd <,ards 'an0 -orps >as to be committed and eDploit to>ards Ps0ov! (n the scenario i5 #,*a is capt,red be5ore ',rn 60 :/ebC 2nd; the -orps >ill arrive at 1ol0hov! (t >ill also be available to be released by ,se o5 theater options i5 this deadline isnKt 0ept! 8 h 5s onian 2if!e 4orps >A h and )49 h 5s onian 2if!e &ivision? >ST";:"? 'his corpsC 5ormed in part by Estonian nationalsC had seen heavy 5i*htin* aro,nd %evel in late 963! At years end it >as restin* as part o5 the #enin*rad reserve! (5 %arva is capt,red be5ore t,rn 34 :/ebC st; it >ill arrive at 1ol0hov at 5e> days later! &ther>ise it >ill be available to be released by ,se o5 theater options! )08 h and %91s 2if!e &ivision >ST";:"? 'hese division had been in the line so,th o5 22 nd army at %evelC b,t is shi5ted north 8) 4 days a5ter Army be*ins itKs o55ensive!
st

$hoc0

%.1% 2econs i u ion

'o 5ind o,t i5 a ,nit >ill reconstit,teC other than openin* ,p the editorC it can be determined by considerin* its properties! "nits meant 5or 5ront)line action >ill as a r,le o5 th,mb reconstit,te i5 eno,*h e7,ipment is available! 'hat means ,nits s,ch as in5antryC en*ineersC tan0C reconC A')*,ns etc! "nits normally 5o,nd in the rear >ill on the other hand %&' reconstit,teC li0e 5or instance artilleryC AAAC sec,rityC partisan and constr,ction ,nits! 'here are some eDceptions to these r,lesC since all +@Ks reconstit,te alon* >ith artillery >ithin divisions! $oviet s0i)battalions and penal ,nits ho>ever >ill not reconstit,te! &n the <erman side one o5 the notable ,nits that doesnKt reconstit,te is the (.PE!R*t!29! 'his ,nit >as really only in the area to hand over its Panther tan0s and train the men o5 (((! ""!PE!2orps in the ,se o5 these vehiclesC be5ore the personnel >ere to head bac0 to /rance! $lots is available in other ,nits : "") PE!Abt! +ermann von $alEa; to ma0e ,se o5 any eDcess e7,ipment i5 the ,nit is disbanded or destroyed! /inally there are entire 5ormations that are set to not reconstit,teC either as the type o5 5ormation >as bein* phased o,t :$oviet ri5le bri*ades and <erman 5eld)divisions;C or beca,se the 5ormation >as bein* re5ormed to another type :2nd "")Bri*ade and 6th "")PoliEei Division;! Ahich 5ormations that >onKt reconstit,te at all can be 5o,nd in section ! and !2!

17

4.0 T.5"T52 O6T$ONS

4.1 O:. Op ions >HI.is orica! da e?
"ssign *J of rear eche!on roops o !ine du y. >HFe3ruary, = h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available i5 Model ta0es command o5 +< %ord! Removed on t,rn 95! :March st; 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' $,pply radi,s is decreased to 6 heDes 5or 6 >ee0s be5ore bein* restored to 3! 250N ri5le s7,ads >ill be placed in 5orce pool! &ec!are FFes ung LugaG. "vai!a3i!i y' Available >hen $oviet ,nits reach 500m 5rom #,*a! Removed >ith loss o5 #,*a! 4os ' 0 1PS :$ee description; &escrip ion' Places a 25% s,pply point at #,*a a5ter )2 daysC that last remainder o5 the *ame! #oss o5 #,*a no> cost 60 1P in addition to normal map val,e! &ec!are FFes ung Nar@aG. "vai!a3i!i y' Available >hen $oviet ,nits reach Estonian border! Removed >ith loss o5 %arva! 4os ' 0 1PS :$ee description; &escrip ion' Places a 25% s,pply point at %arva a5ter )2 daysC that last remainder o5 the *ame! #oss o5 %arva no> cost 60 1P in addition to normal map val,e! &ec!are FFes ung 6!es+auG. "vai!a3i!i y' Available >hen $oviet ,nits reach 200m 5rom Ps0ov! Removed >ith loss o5 Ps0ov! 4os ' 0 1PS :$ee description; &escrip ion' Places a 25% s,pply point at Ps0ov a5ter )2 daysC that last remainder o5 the *ame! #oss o5 Ps0ov no> cost 60 1P in addition to normal map val,e! For, 7ren.2g .*=8 fro, $nf.&iv.G(ie!auG. >H(arch, )= h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter the arrival o5 (n5!Div!FMiela,GC 2)3 >ee0s a5ter the arrival o5 2 6!(n5!Div 4os ' 0 1P &escrip ion' All ,nits o5 the lo> pro5iciency division (n5!Div!GMiela,G >ill disband and their e7,ipment be distrib,ted to remainin* ,nits! 2 6!(DKs <ren!R*t!534 >ith 2 battalions and (.Art!R*t!2 6 arrive neDt t,rn as cadres at heD :29C43;! $ni ia e Opera ion F0!auG. "vai!a3i!i y' Available on ',rn &%#T! 4os ' 00 1P &escrip ion' 'he planned >ithdra>al o5 4!Armee to the Panther #ine! All siD 2orps o5 4!Armee and <r,ppe F$ch>erstes /lach5e,erG comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and is available 5or orders be5ore $oviet attac0! %o s,dden death victory is possible 5or the <erman player! Offer Fin!and increased ,i!i ary aid. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2in*isepp :Iamb,r*; has been capt,red by "$$R! Removed i5 2 6!(n5!Div is re7,ested sent 5rom %or>ay! 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Removes ris0 o5 /inland si*nin* separate peace i5 IOhvi or %arva are lost! Removes option 5or 2 6!(n5!Div rein5orcement! Order 7ruppe FSch@ers es F!achfeuerG o 3egin @i hdra@a!. "vai!a3i!i y' Available 5rom t,rn 2! Activates 5or 5ree i5 enemy *ets adLacent to $trelna)2rasno $elo rail line!

18

4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' Art!R*t!402 and Eisb!Art!R*t!402 comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! 2efor, ).SS-7r.0rigade >!e .? in o 19.SS-7r.&iv >!e .?. >H(arch? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Dno has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 0 1P &escrip ion' All ,nits o5 the 2!$$)<r!Bri*ade >ill disband and their e7,ipment be distrib,ted to remainin* ,nits! -adre o5 9!$$)<r!Div >ill appear at <,lbene :30C 30;! )2 >ee0s laterC the 5,lly e7,ipped $$) <ren!R*t!66 >ill appear as >ell 2e,ove Sudden &ea h vic ory condi ions >Fu!! ga,e? "vai!a3i!i y' Available 5rom t,rn to 89! Activates a,tomatically i5 &peration FBla,G is selected! 4os ' 0 1P &escrip ion' %o s,dden death victory is possible 5or the <erman player! 'his sho,ld only be selected i5 both players a*ree *ame sho,ld contin,e ,ntil approD! ',rn 90 or i5 $oviet player controls 0 obLectives! 2eEues %).$& sen fro, 1=."r,ee >H"pri!, 1s ? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $hims0 has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' 32!(n5!Div be*ins transit 5rom 3!Armee and arrives 3)9 days later at heD :60C 60; 2eEues 1)).$& sen fro, 1=."r,ee >H(arch, = h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $ivers0aya has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 30 1P &escrip ion' 22!(n5!Div be*ins transit 5rom 3!Armee and arrives )3 >ee0s later at heD :60C 60; 2eEues 1%).$& sen fro, 1=."r,ee "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $oltsy has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' 32!(n5!Div be*ins transit 5rom 3!Armee and arrives 4)

days later at heD :60C 60;

2eEues )14.$& sen fro, Nor@ay >HFe3ruary, 1% h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2in*isepp :Iamb,r*; has been capt,red by "$$R! Removed i5 /inland is o55ered increased military aid! 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' 2 6!(n5!Div be*ins transit 5rom %or>ay and arrives 2)3 >ee0s later at heD :0C 2;! Removes option to o55er /inland increased aid! 2eEues cance!!a ion of )90.$& @i hdra@a!. "vai!a3i!i y' Available on ',rn &%#T! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' (5 selected the entire 290!(D in Army <ro,p reserve near $oltsy >ill remain ,nder command o5 the player 5or the d,ration o5 the *ame! (5 notC only <ren!R*t!503 and a sin*le art!btl stays! 'he rest o5 the division >ithdra>s to help at so,thern part o5 3!Armee :o55)map;! 2eEues increased figh er suppor . "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2rasno*vardeis0 has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' ((!.I<!56 arrives and increased amo,nt o5 /> 90 rein5orcements! 2eEues 69.7r.&iv.Fe!dherrnha!!e sen fro, "7 (i e. >HJanuary, )8 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $ivers0aya has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' PE!<r!Div!/++ be*ins transit 5rom A< Mitte and arrives 2)3 days later at heD :35C 60;

19

2eEues suppor fro, addi iona! Sch!ach gesch@aders. >HFe3ruary, 1* h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available 5rom ',rn 60! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' ((!.$<! and 0!:pE!;.$<!3 arrives! 2eEues suppor fro, re,aining :7.*%. >HFe3ruary, 1% h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $ivers0aya has been capt,red by "$$R! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' (!.2<!53 and (((!.2<!53 arrives! 2eEues use of $$.:orps in ,o3i!e defense. >HFe3ruary, 1A h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter ?!2orps activates! Activates 5or 5ree i5 "$$R attac0s in ((!2orpsK sector! 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' ((!2orps and 2 4!(n5!Div comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! 2eEues use of <.:orps in ,o3i!e defense. >HJanuary, 1A h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter "$$R attac0s in ???1(((!2orpsK sector :at %ov*orod;! Activates 5or 5ree i5 "$$R attac0s in ?!2orpsK sector! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' ?!2orpsC 30!(n5!DivC 4!I*!Div and 2 !#>!/eld)Div comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! 2eEues use of <<;$.:orps in ,o3i!e defense. >HJanuary,)%rd? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter "$$R threatens 2rasno*vardeis0C capt,re a ne> heD >ithin 250m o5 FMercedes $ternG road L,nction : 39C38; or 5rom t,rn 5! Activates 5or 5ree i5 "$$R attac0s in ??1(!2orpsK sector! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' ??1(!2orpsC 2 2! and 228!(n5!Div comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! 2eEues use of <<;$$$.:orps in ,o3i!e defense. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter "$$R threatens 2rasno*vardeis0C capt,re a ne> heD >ithin 250m o5 FMercedes $ternG road L,nction : 39C38; or 5rom t,rn 5! Activates 5or 5ree i5 "$$R attac0s in ??1(((!2orpsK sector! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' ??1(((!2orpsC 2 ! and 2 !(n5!DivC 2! and 3!#>!/eld)Div and 2*r!$$)PoliEei comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! 2eEues use of L$;.:orps in ,o3i!e defense. >HJanuary, 1* h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter "$$R attac0s in #!2orpsK sector :$ o5 #enin*rad;! Activates 5or 5ree i5 "$$R attac0s in #(1!2orpsK sector! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' #(1!2orpsC !C 26! and 225!(n5!Div comes o,t o5 *arrison stat,s and available 5or orders! Transpor supp!ies in 3y air o Liu3an "irfie!d. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter "$$R threatens 2rasno*vardeis0! Removed i5 "$$R reach #i,ban or Dno Air5ield! 4os ' 30 1P &escrip ion' A 20% s,pply point >ill be placed at #i,ban Air5ield : 58C64; a5ter 2 daysC lastin* 24)3 days or ,ntil Dno is lost! Ahen s,pply point is active &2+ Air 'ransport -apacity is set to 85 allo>in* airli5t o5 +@ ,nits! &verall s,pply level is red,ced by 2 5or 24)3 days re*ardless o5 s,pply point is active or notC a5ter >hich s,pply ret,rns to previo,s level!

20

4.) ST";:" Op ions

"u hori9e a,phi3ious opera ions. >HFe3ruary, 1% h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter heD :44C23; is capt,red 4os ' 30 1P &escrip ion' $oviet sea transport increases to 40 5or the remainder o5 the *ame! and 230th Marine Bri*ade become available 5or orders!

5 th %aval Ri5le Bri*ade

4oordina e offensive @i h nor hern par isan 3rigades. >HJanuary, 14 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available ',rn ! Activates 5or 5ree ',rn 95! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 'he partisan bri*ades north o5 the Ps0ov)$oltsy road >ill be available 5or orders 4oordina e offensive @i h sou hern par isan 3rigades. >HJanuary, 14 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available ',rn ! Activates 5or 5ree ',rn 95! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 'he partisan bri*ades so,th o5 the Ps0ov)$oltsy road >ill be available 5or orders! Order 1s Shoc+ "r,y o 3egin offensive opera ions. >HFe3ruary, 1s ? "vai!a3i!i y' Available 8) 0 days a5ter 59 th Army has started attac0! Activates 5or 5ree i5 <erman player abandon any heD on the st $hoc0 ArmyKs 5ront lineC or i5 #,*a is capt,red! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' st $hoc0 Army >ith 62nd AAA DivisionC 6th <,ards Ri5le -orpsC 38th Ri5le Bri*adeC 42nd Ri5le Division and 23rd and 53rd <,ards Ri5le Divisions >ill be available 5or orders! 204 th and 39 st Ri5le Divisions >ill arrive 8) 8 days later! Order ))nd "r,y o 3egin offensive opera ions. "vai!a3i!i y' Available 8) 0 days a5ter 59 th Army has started attac0! Activates 5or 5ree i5 <erman player abandon any heD on the 22nd ArmyKs 5ront lineC or i5 #,*a is capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 22nd Army >ith 3th En*ineer)$apper Bri*adeC 66th Ri5le -orps and 23th and 5th Ri5le Divisions >ill be available 5or orders! Order 8 h "r,y o 3egin offensive opera ions. "vai!a3i!i y' Available ',rn 3! Activates 5or 5ree i5 <erman player abandon any heD on the 4 th ArmyKs 5ront lineC or i5 $ivers0aya is capt,red! 4os ' 50 1P &escrip ion' 4th Army >ith 6 st AAA DivisionC 9th Ri5le -orpsC st and 22nd Ri5le Bri*ades and 4thC 243thC 336th and 386th Ri5le Divisions >ill be available 5or orders! 99 th Ri5le -orps and 229 th and 3 th Ri5le Divisions >ill arrive )2 >ee0s later at 1ol0hov! Order *4 h "r,y o 3egin offensive opera ions. >HJanuary, 1* h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available ',rn 3! Activates 5or 5ree i5 <erman player abandon any heD on the 56 th ArmyKs 5ront lineC or i5 Batets0aia is capt,red! 4os ' 50 1P Description: 56th Army >ith 2nd /ort Re*ionC 2nd <,ards $pecial Desi*nation En*ineer Bri*adeC 9 th Assa,lt th En*ineer)$apper Bri*adeC C 5th and 26th Ri5le -orpsC 6th and 53rd Ri5le Bri*ade and 66thC 40thC 88thC 94thC 24 stC 245th and 244th Ri5le Divisions >ill be available 5or orders! Order =A h "r,y o 3egin offensive opera ions. "vai!a3i!i y' Available ',rn 3! Activates 5or 5ree i5 <erman player abandon any heD on the 38 th ArmyKs 5ront lineC or i5 $ivers0aya is capt,red! 4os ' 50 1P &escrip ion' 38th Army >ith 6th /ort Re*ionC 2 st Railroad Bri*adeC 63rd AAA DivisionC 8th Miners En*ineer)

21

$apper Bri*adeC 3th and available 5or orders!

4th Ri5le -orps and 3thC 63thC 26thC 24thC 234th and 383th Ri5le Divisions >ill be

2eEues %rd 7uards Tan+ 4orps fro, S av+a reserve. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Ropsha : 9C28; is capt,red! Activates 5or 5ree i5 #,*a is capt,red be5ore ',rn 60 :/eb 2nd;! 4os ' 40 1P &escrip ion' 3rd <,ards 'an0 -orps >ith 3 rdC 4th and 9th <,ards 'an0 Bri*ade and 2nd <,ards MotoriEed Bri*ade arrive at 1ol0hov! 2eEues 8 h 5s onian 2if!e 4orps fro, S av+a reserve. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Ropsha : 9C28; is capt,red! Activates 5or 5ree i5 %arva is capt,red be5ore ',rn 34 :/eb st;! 4os ' 30 1P &escrip ion' 4th Estonian Ri5le -orps and 8th and 269th Estonian Ri5le Divisions arrive near : 90C43; one day later! 2eEues 98 h 2if!e 4orps fro, S av+a reserve. >HFe3ruary, )nd? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2rasno*vardeis0 : 23C36; is capt,red! 4os ' 50 1P &escrip ion' 94th Ri5le -orps and 235th and 323th Ri5le Divisions :,nder 38th Army; arrive near 1ol0hov over the neDt 2 days! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 1s Len. Tan+ 0rigade. >HJanuary 1A h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 62nd Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter heD : 29C30; is capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' st #en! 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y A h 2if!e 4orps. >HJanuary )0 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 59th Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter <ornevo : 53C85; is capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 8th Ri5le -orps and 253th and 342nd Ri5le Divisions become available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y A h 7uards Tan+ 0rigade. "vai!a3i!i y' Available 3 t,rns a5ter 59 th Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter <ornevo : 53C85; is capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 8th <,ards 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y )9 h Tan+ 0rigade. >HJanuary 1* h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 59th Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter cross)road at : 32C39; is capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 29th 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y %0 h 7uards Tan+ 0rigade. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2rasnoe $elo : 25C28; is capt,red! Activates 5or 5ree ',rn 65! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 30th <,ards 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 108 h 2if!e 4orps. >HJanuary 18 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2nd $hoc0 Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter Ropsha : capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P 9C28; is

22

&escrip ion' 04th Ri5le -orpsC 34th and 93th Ri5le Divisions become available 5or orders! 265 th Ri5le Division arrive approD! month later! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 11) h 2if!e 4orps. >HJanuary 18 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 59th Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter cross)road at : 32C39; is capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 2th Ri5le -orpsC 50th /ort Re*ionC 26th Ri5le Bri*ade and 2ndC 382nd and 388th Ri5le Divisions become available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 11A h 2if!e 4orps. >HJanuary ))nd? "vai!a3i!i y' Available on ',rn 8! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter 2rasno*vardeis0 : 23C36; is capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 8th Ri5le -orpsC 20thC 23rdC 20 st and 3 6th Ri5le Divisions become available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 1))nd Tan+ 0rigade. >HJanuary 18 h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 59th Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter cross)road at : 32C39; is capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 22nd 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 1)%rd 2if!e 4orps. >HJanuary ))nd? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 62nd Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter 2rasnoe $elo : 25C28; is capt,red! 4os ' 25 1P &escrip ion' 23rd Ri5le -orpsC 49thC 226th and 29 st Ri5le Divisions become available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y 1*)nd Tan+ 0rigade. >HJanuary 1A h? "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2nd $hoc0 Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter Ropsha : capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 52nd 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y reinforce,en 3y ))0 h Tan+ 0rigade. >HJanuary 1A h "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 62nd Army starts attac0! Activates 5or 5ree a5ter heD : 30C24; is capt,red! 4os ' 5 1P &escrip ion' 220th 'an0 Bri*ade becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues ear!y suppor fro, 11 h (i-ed "via ion 4orps. "vai!a3i!i y' Available 5rom t,rn 3! Activates 5or 5ree i5 either st $hoc0 or 22nd Army activates! 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' 'he three 5i*hter re*iments and t>o attac0 re*iments o5 th -A2 becomes available 5or orders! 2eEues re!ease of )nd 7uards $": for fron !ine suppor . "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter $ie*e o5 #enin*rad is o55icially li5ted by the capt,re o5 M*a : 52C26; 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' 'he 5ive 5i*hter re*iments in #enin*rad P1&Ks 2 nd <,ards (A2 become available 5or orders! 2eEues suppor fro, 1s 7uards (or ar &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Ropsha : 9C28; is capt,red 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the st <,ards Mortar Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues suppor fro, )nd "r i!!ery &ivision. 9C28; is

23

"vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter <ornevo : 53C85; is capt,red 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 2nd Artillery Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues suppor fro, 18 h "r i!!ery 6ene ra ion &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Ropsha : 9C28; is capt,red 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 4th Artillery Penetration Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues suppor fro, )%rd "r i!!ery 6ene ra ion &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter Ropsha : 9C28; is capt,red 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 4th Artillery Penetration Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues suppor fro, Leningrad 4oun er-0a ery "r i!!ery 4orps. "vai!a3i!i y' Available a5ter 2rasnoe $elo : 25C28; is capt,red! 4os ' 20 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the #enin*rad -o,nter)Battery Artillery -orps 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues rene@ed suppor fro, 1s 7uards (or ar &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available one >ee0 a5ter the division has *one into *arrison stat,s a5ter 5irst 'heater &ption! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the st <,ards Mortar Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues rene@ed suppor fro, )nd "r i!!ery &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available one >ee0 a5ter the division has *one into *arrison stat,s a5ter 5irst 'heater &ption! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 2nd Artillery Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues rene@ed suppor fro, 18 h "r i!!ery 6ene ra ion &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available one >ee0 a5ter the division has *one into *arrison stat,s a5ter 5irst 'heater &ption! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 4th Artillery Penetration Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues rene@ed suppor fro, )%rd "r i!!ery 6ene ra ion &ivision. "vai!a3i!i y' Available one >ee0 a5ter the division has *one into *arrison stat,s a5ter 5irst 'heater &ption! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the 4th Artillery Penetration Division 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain! 2eEues rene@ed suppor fro, Leningrad 4oun er-0a ery "r i!!ery 4orps. "vai!a3i!i y' Available one >ee0 a5ter the corps has *one into *arrison stat,s a5ter 5irst 'heater &ption! 4os ' 60 1P &escrip ion' Reactivates the #enin*rad -o,nter)Battery Artillery -orps 5or 3 daysC be5ore it *oes into *arrison stat,s a*ain!

24

*.0 .$STO2$4"L 0"4:72O/N&

*.1 The Siege of Leningrad - 1941
Ahile most have heard the story o5 the 900)day sie*e that #enin*rad end,red d,rin* the $econd Aorld AarC the act,al military operations here d,rin* this period have never *ained the p,blicity as the more 5amo,s battles 5,rther so,th aro,nd Mosco>C $talin*rad and 2,rs0 did! Even in history boo0s coverin* the Eastern /rontC descriptions o5 the battles aro,nd #enin*rad are ,s,ally brie5C i5 at all present! 'his is not beca,se o5 lac0 o5 5i*htin*C since the period sa> a n,mber o5 maLor o55ensivesC b,t lar*e tan0 en*a*ements and spectac,lar brea0) thro,*hs as seen on the steppes on the so,thern 5ront >ere made very di55ic,lt by the s>ampy and ,ninvitin* terrain that o5ten proved L,st as bi* an opponent as the enemy! 'he battle came to the #enin*rad re*ion ro,*hly on 4th o5 A,*,st 96 C >hen the <erman 4th Army rene>ed itKs o55ensive and be*an penetratin* the $oviet line o5 de5ense alon* the #,*a river L,st over 000m $A o5 #enin*rad! Ahile the initial plan in Barbarossa had ordered a capt,re o5 #enin*rad itsel5 be5ore movin* on Mosco>C the ne> /Hhrer Directive nr!36 iss,ed on I,ly 30th instead called 5or an encirclement o5 the cityC lin0in* ,p >ith the /inns >ho had be*,n their o55ensive on the 2arelian (sthm,s north o5 #enin*rad at the end o5 I,ly! 'he encirclement >as completed by $ept! 4th >hen $hlisselb,r* on the so,thern shore o5 #a0e #ado*a >as capt,red by the 20th MotoriEed Division! 'he /inns to the north stopped their o55ensive shortly a5ter havin* reached the old border 5rom be5ore the /innish)$oviet Ainter >arC leavin* the only entrance to the besie*ed city to *o over the >ater o5 #a0e #ado*a! $A o5 the city the <erman ????( Mot!2orps reached the <,l5 o5 /inland little more than 00m 5rom the city center on $ept! 3thC c,ttin* the encircled $oviet 5orces into t>oC >ith the $oviet 4 th Army trapped to the >est in >hat >as to be 0no>n as the &ranienba,m poc0et :or brid*ehead as the $oviets sa> it;! A5ter this >as done the ????( Mot!2orps >as trans5erred to Army <ro,p -enter 5or the comin* 'yphoon o55ensiveC e55ectively haltin* 5,rther attempts to ta0e the city! Mean>hile east o5 the cityC the remainin* motoriEed corps o5 4th Army attac0ed %EC tryin* to lin0 ,p >ith the /inns east o5 #a0e #ado*a to stop the s,pplyin* o5 the city once and 5or all! 'hro,*h more and more r,**ed de5ense the <ermans reached the o,ts0irts o5 1ol0hov and capt,red 'i0hvin almost 2000m east o5 lenin*rad on %ov!4 th in 5reeEin* temperat,res! Beca,se o5 constant co,nter)attac0s and the deterioratin* sit,ation in 5ront o5 Mosco>C +itler on Dec!4th *ave permission to abandon 'i0hvin and >ithdra> to shorter and more 5avorable de5ensive positions behind the 1ol0hov riverC the line the <ermans had set o55 5rom in $eptember!

*.) Frus ra ed hopes - 194)

'he s,ccess5,l de5ense and co,nter)o55ensive in 5ront o5 1ol0hov and 'i0hvin *ave $'A12A hopeC that they

25

>o,ld be able to brea0 the #enin*rad sie*e >ith a ne> ambitio,s o55ensive! #ater 0no>n as the #i,ban &55ensiveC the initial tar*et 5or the o55ensive >as the encirclement o5 the eastern part o5 4 th Army by the #enin*rad /rontKs 56th Army and 1ol0hov /ronts 6thC 59thC 52nd Armies and 2nd $hoc0 ArmyC >ith the remainin* o5 the armies at the 5ront per5ormin* diversionary attac0s! 'he o55ensive be*an on Ian,ary 3 thC b,t preparations >as 5ar 5rom completed a5ter the advance in December and the res,lt ended in a chaotic battle >ith only the 56th and 2nd $hoc0 Army able to *ain any pro*ress! At the pea0 o5 their pro*ress the *ap bet>een the t>o armiesK spearheads >as only 250mC b,t especially the 5orces o5 2nd $hoc0 Army >ere dan*ero,sly overeDposed in the the s>ampy 5orests! 'he <ermans too0 advanta*e o5 this in mid)MarchC >hen they attac0ed the 2 nd $hoc0 ArmyKs 5lan0s almost at the root o5 the penetration! /ive days later the the entire 2nd $hoc0 Army >as c,t o55 and altho,*h a narro> land)corridor less than 50m >ide >as opened a >ee0 later by $oviet co,nter)attac0sC the sit,ation o5 the army >as desperate! 'hro,*ho,t the sprin* the <ermans and $oviets 5o,*ht 5or the corridor >hile the s,pply sit,ation in the encirclement deteriorated! (t >as into this encirclement that the later in5amo,s #t!<en 1lasov >as sentC to try to or*aniEe a brea0o,t! +o>everC by mid)I,ly the <ermans had 5inished clearin* the encirclementC capt,rin* 1lasov in the process! 'he only *ains the $oviets >ere to 0eep >ere a 0 by 600m brid*ehead over the 1ol0hov river! 1lasovC dis*,sted by >hat he sa> as $talinKs sacri5ice o5 tho,sands o5 soldiersC later be*an collaboratin* >ith the <ermans! Mean>hile at Army <ro,p $o,thC as a prel,de to &peration Bla,C th Army had capt,red the 5ortress o5 $evastopol on the -rimean penins,la! 'his armyC alon* >ith heavy sie*e artilleryC >as to be sent to #enin*radC >here several o55ensives >ere bein* considered by the army *ro,p 5ollo>in* the 5reein* ,p o5 5orces a5ter the destr,ction o5 2nd $hoc0 Army! $ome o5 the plans considered >ere the destr,ction o5 the &ranienba,m poc0etC the elimination o5 the Po*oste poc0etC >hich >as the b,l*e 5ormed by the 56 th Army in the #i,ban o55ensiveC and 5inally the ,ltimate capt,re o5 #enin*radC 0no>n as operation %ordlicht! (n the end the decision >as made to concentrate on Nor#li-%t be5ore divertin* to the other operationsC in order not to dil,te the 5e> available 5orces! $'A12AC >ell a>are that the <ermans >ere plannin* an o55ensive in the #enin*rad re*ion in the late s,mmerC so,*ht to do a preemptive stri0eC 5irst by tryin* to tie do>n <erman 5orces >ith a n,mber o5 minor attac0s over the s,mmerC >hile they >ere reb,ildin* 2 nd $hoc0 Army! 'hen on A,*! 9 th the 55th Army attac0ed 5rom the >est across the %eva River a*ainst the $hlisselb,r* corridor! 'his >as 5ollo>ed by an attac0 5rom the east by the 4 th Army! Ahile the crossin* o5 the %eva River *ained little more than some tiny brid*eheadsC the 4th Army penetrated deeper into the <erman positions! Rein5orced by the 2 nd $hoc0 ArmyC the $oviet 5orces reached 80m a>ay 5rom severin* the corridor! (n this sit,ation some o5 the 5orces ear)

26

mar0ed to the Nor#li-%t operation >as needed to rein5orce the de5ense in order to prevent the collapse o5 the 5rontC th,s postponin* the operation inde5initely! 'he rein5orcements allo>ed a co,nter)attac0 by the <erman th ArmyC once a*ain stri0in* at the root o5 the $oviet penetration! By the end o5 $eptember the 5ront lines had been restored and the 2 nd $hoc0 Army had practically ceased to eDist 5or the second time in th less than a year! B,t the attac0 on #enin*rad never materialiEed be5ore Army moved a>ay 5rom stC #enin*rad on %ovember 2 to stop the $oviet brea0thro,*h at $talin*rad!

*.% 0rea+ing hrough K 194%

At the start o5 963 the $'A12A >ere ea*er to 0eep the press,re ,p all alon* the 5ront to tie do>n reserves that co,ld be sent to stabiliEe the <erman so,thern 5ront a5ter the de5eat at $talin*rad! At #enin*rad this meant a ne> attempt to brea0 the sie*e! -odenamed !s3ra :$par0; the o55ensive >ere 5irst to brea0 thro,*h the corridor at $hlisselb,r*C be5ore evolvin* into a lar*e envelopin* attac0 a*ainst the entire M*a)salient!

"ltimatelyC a5ter this >as done the tar*et >as to lin0 ,p >ith the attac0 aimed at destroyin* 3!ArmeeKs poc0et at Demyans0C so,th o5 #a0e (lmen and destroy the entire Army <ro,p %orth! 'his very ambitio,s plan >ere *iven the name Polar $tar! 'he 5irst part o5 the plan >as s,ccess5,l! &n Ian,ary 2 th 38th Army crossed the 5roEen %eva RiverC >hile the 2nd $hoc0 Army attac0ed 5rom the east! &n Ian,ary 4 th they had lin0ed ,pC and by the end o5 month a 00m >ide land brid*e had been opened into #enin*rad! @,ic0ly rail trac0s >o,ld be constr,ctedC b,t the 5act that the <ermans still controlled the small hill by the to>n o5 $inaivinoC overloo0in* the corridorC meant that any tra55ic *oin* into the besie*ed city >o,ld be s,bLect to artillery 5ire! 'he s,ccess o5 !s3ra >as not 5ollo>ed by additional *ains! 'he <ermans had already planned their >ithdra>al o,t o5 the Demyans0 poc0et and >ere able to constrain the $oviet attac0 there! Also the attac0s on the M*a $alient >ere ,ns,ccess5,lC b,t costly 5or both sidesC one o5 the more 5amo,s battles bein* the attac0 a*ainst the $panish 250th FBl,eG Division at 2rasnyi BorC >here the day >o,ld later be 0no>n as Blac0 AednesdayC beca,se o5 eDcessive losses! A5ter this there >ere relative 7,iet by 4 th Army! #ocal attac0s >here $iniavino >as 5inally capt,red by the $ovietsC as >ell as a partly >ithdra>al o5 the <erman 2irishi b,l*e :'he eastern co,nterpart to the Po*oste b,l*e;C to 5ree ,p a co,ple o5 divisionsC bein* some o5 the more notable events! /,rther so,th it >as a di55erent matter! (n &ctoberC at the seam bet>een Army <ro,p %orth and -enterC a s,rprise attac0 at the to>n o5 %evel had capt,red the to>n and altho,*h the terrain >as ,ns,ited 5or deep eDploitationsC a steady stream o5 $oviets 5orces seeped thro,*hC eDpandin* the brea0thro,*h into a m,shroom shaped penetrationC threatenin* the city o5 1itebs0! 'he lo*ical sol,tion 5or the <ermans >o,ld

27

have been to co,nterattac0 at the base o5 the penetration li0e so many times be5oreC b,t >ith the $o,thern 5ront threatenin* to collapse a5ter the battle o5 2,rs0C no reserves stron* eno,*h to s,cceed >ith this co,ld be eDpended! (nstead the <ermans >ere 5orced to p,ll bac0 5rom the sho,lders containin* the brea0thro,*h! 'his movementC that be*an in late December and >as still in pro*ress at Ian! 6 th 966 >hen &peration %eva startedC allo>ed a shortenin* o5 the 5ront and release o5 a 5e> divisions badly needed!

*.4 The 7er,an predica,en

As the press,re alon* the so,thern 5ront mo,nted a5ter the battle o5 2,rs0 in I,ly 963C plans >ere bein* p,t 5or>ard to constr,ct a de5ensive positionC or FEast AallGC in the rear coverin* the entire len*th o5 the Eastern /ront! 'he order >as *iven on A,*,st 2 th 963C b,t in the $o,th the position >as breached already on $eptember 9thC >hen the Dnepr river >as bein* crossed at n,mero,s locations! 'he preparations completed here had been little more than a line on the map and ,ntil the end o5 the year the sit,ation here L,st *ot >orse 5or the <ermans! At Army <ro,p %orth ,nder command o5 <en!/eldmarshall von 2HchlerC the positionC here *iven the codename PANTHE)C >ere able to reach a more advanced sta*e o5 completionC since the 5ront line had remained lar*ely static thro,*h the end o5 963! 'he press,re on the 5ront here >as risin* tho,*hC as several division had to be p,lled o,t o5 the line and sent so,th to stem the red tide! 'his become pain5,lly clear >hen loo0in* at the amo,nt o5 divisions in 4 th Army! (n A,*,st 963 there >ere a total o5 29 divisions and one bri*ade in the army! &n the da>n o5 &peration %eva the army only had 4 divisions and 3 bri*ades 5or a L,st mar*inally shorter len*th o5 5ront! 2Hchler had lon* protested that the sit,ation >as ,ntenable and a >ithdra>al to the PANTHE) position >as recommended! $,ch an operation *iven the name (lau :not to be con5,sed >ith the s,mmer o55ensive in 962;C >ere toC by ,se o5 a n,mber o5 alternate linesC >ithdra> the entire army *ro,p behind the ne> de5ensive positionC shortenin* the line >ith 25% o5 >hich m,ch >as made ,p by la0esC allo>in* to 5ree ,p reserves in the process! +itler >as in5ormed by 2HchlerC that i5 he >o,ld be *iven the orderC he co,ld be*in the operation t>o >ee0s later and have it completed a5ter ten days! +itlerC at 5irst s0eptical o5 a >ithdra>al ,nless 5orced by a ne> $oviet o55ensiveC >as almost ready to *ive the order 5or a mid)Ian,ary >ithdra>alC >hen a cas,al remar0 by 2Hchler at the 30 th December con5erence at the /Hhrer +@C abo,t ho> <en!&berst #indemannC the commander o5 4 th ArmyC had Fnat,rally as0ed 5or his army to stay >here it >asGC >as seiEed by +itler >ho terminated the con5erence >itho,t iss,in* the order 5or (lau!

*.* 6!anning Opera ion Neva

D,rin* the 5all o5 963 $tav0a >as preparin* 5or a ne> o55ensive in the #enin*rad re*ion! 'he possibility 5or a >ithdra>al o5 Army <ro,p %orth made #enin*rad /rontKs commander <ovorov and 1ol0hov /rontKs Merets0ov come ,p >ith a t>o)variant plan ho>ever! (n case a <erman >ithdra>al >as detectedC all armies >ere instr,cted to be ready 5or an immediate o55ensiveC denyin* the <ermans a clean *eta>ay! (5 notC a more metic,lo,sly plan >as in the >or0sC called the #enin*rad)%ov*orod $trate*ic &55ensive! <ovorovKs 5irst action >o,ld be to trans5er the 2 nd $hoc0 Army into the &ranienba,m brid*ehead! 'his army >o,ld then attac0 $E lin0in* ,p >ith 62 nd Army attac0in* $A o,t o5 #enin*radC isolatin* the <erman divisions on the baltic coastC >ith the 38 th Army tyin* do>n <erman 5orces E$E o5 #enin*rad! A5ter this >as doneC the attac0 >o,ld contin,e so,th to>ards #,*aC as >ell as so,th)>est to>ards 2in*iseppC %arva and the Estonian border! 'he initial attac0 >o,ld be s,pported by the massive 5irepo>er o5 the Baltic /leetKs navy and coastal installations! At the same time Merets0ov >o,ld stri0e >ith his 59 th Army north o5 %ov*orodC 5rom the brid*ehead held since the #i,ban o55ensiveC as >ell as a smaller attac0 over the 5roEen #a0e (lmen so,th o5 %ov*orod! A5ter %ov*orod >as enveloped and capt,redC the advance >o,ld contin,e >est to>ards #,*aC as >ell as $A to stri0e the 5lan0 o5 3th Army so,th o5 #a0e (lmen! 'he 4th and 56th Armies 5,rther north >o,ld try to pin the <erman 5orces stationed here and prevent their escape! &nce the t>o 5ronts >o,ld meet at #,*aC the better part o5 3 <erman corps >o,ld be encircled! 'his >o,ld open the road 5or a move to>ards Ps0ov and &strov and ,ltimately the collapse o5 the entire Army <ro,p %orth!

28

*.= 6reparing for 3a !e

Aith the constr,ction o5 the PANTHE) position also 5ollo>ed the order to evac,ate the ad,lt male pop,lation in the part o5 R,ssia occ,pied by Army <ro,p %orth! 'his meant that 250C000 men o,t o5 a civilian pop,lation o5 abo,t 900C000 >ere bein* 5orced into #atvia and #ith,ania to prevent them 5rom bein* conscripted into the red army once it had liberated the area! 'his ca,sed 7,ite an ,pset in the pop,lation and 5rom havin* had to deal >ith relatively lo> amo,nt o5 partisans in the re*ion in the early >ar yearsC the activity increased dramatically into the latter hal5 o5 963! At the be*innin* o5 966 the 3 partisan bri*ades in the <erman rear totaled more than 35C000 partisans! 'he $oviet b,ild),p 5or the o55ensive did not *o ,nnoticed and the <ermans correctly identi5ied the P,sh0in area $A o5 #enin*rad as one o5 the attac0 sectors! 'he b,ild,p in the &ranienba,m poc0et and by %ov*orod >as also observedC b,t as no ne> 5ormations >ere identi5iedC it >as ass,med that these attac0s >o,ld be p,rely diversionary! Aith the strate*ic o55ensives in pro*ress at Army <ro,p $o,thC they didnKt believe the $oviets had eno,*h reserves to mo,nt more than a moderate o55ensive by #enin*rad! 'he $oviets had massed plenty tho,*h! 2 nd $hoc0 army in the &ranienba,m brid*ehead >o,ld be attac0in* at the border bet>een the 9! and 0!/eld)Division :#;C >ith three ri5le divisions in 5irst echelon and three more ready in second echelon! 'his co,ld be rein5orced >ith a tan0 bri*ade and t>o additional ri5le divisions to eDploit any brea0thro,*h! 62 nd Army >o,ld attac0 primarily 80!(n5antry division >ith seven ri5le divisonsC o5 >hich 3 had *,ards titlesC >ith t>o ri5le divisions and t>o tan0 bri*ades as 5ollo>),p! $even additional ri5le divisions and a tan0 bri*ade >ere ready to be committed later in the battle 5rom #enin*rad /ront reserve and $'A12A considered sendin* an entire tan0 corps i5 the attac0 really b,ilt ,p moment,m! $,pportin* the attac0s >ere not only a n,mber o5 independent roc0etC artillery and tan0 re*imentsC b,t also an entire artillery penetration corpsC not to mention the artillery in the Baltic /leet! %orth o5 %ov*orod the 59th Army >as attac0in* >ith 5o,r ri5le divisions a*ainst 24!IJ*er division! 'hey >ere s,pported by an artillery division and one ri5le division and one tan0 bri*ade as bac0),p! $o,th o5 %ov*orod a smaller *ro,p o5 a rein5orced ri5le bri*ade >o,ld cross the 5roEen la0e and attac0 the city 5rom the so,th! 'he army had three ri5le divisions and tan0 bri*ade in reserveC >hile the 1ol0hov /ront >o,ld be able to rein5orce >ith additional t>o ri5le divisions and one tan0 bri*ade! Bet>een the 62nd and 59th Armies >ere 3 other armiesC the 38thC 4th and 56thC b,t especially in re*ards to artillery these armies lac0ed s,pport to ma0e a lar*er brea0thro,*h! &n the other hand the <erman divisions positioned opposite them >ere m,ch more stretched in re*ards to len*th o5 5ront needed to be covered! Ahereas the 80!(n5antry division opposite 62 nd Army only had some 00m o5 5rontC the 2 !(n5antry division opposite 56 th Army had over 600m >ith only eDtra s,pport comin* 5rom t>o battalions

29

o5 $panish vol,nteersC the F#e*ion AE,lG!

*.A The ini ia! assau!

As planned the o55ensive started on the mornin* o5 Ian,ary 6th! /or the 5irst 5e> days the <erman 5elt reasonably in control o5 the sit,ation! 'hey >ere p,shed sli*htly bac0C b,t since no ne> 5orces >ere observed in the attac0sC they ass,med it >o,ld be a minor o55ensive aimed at openin* ,p the &ranienba,m poc0et and in the so,th capt,re %ov*orod and that it co,ld be stopped by thinnin* o,t some o5 the more 7,iet parts o5 the 5ront! &n the 8th ho>everC the o55ensive sho>ed no si*n to ebb o55C and more and ne> ,nits >ere identi5ied bein* committed in the o55ensive! At this point 2Hchler re7,ested to >ithdra> the entire b,l*e at M*a bac0 to the Rollbahn)line to 5ree ,p a co,ple o5 'eb. ((. )hurchi *#k.&+* from (,th Gds -e$arate Tank .gt at /eningrad. divisionsC b,t this >as denied! As the La>s o5 2nd $hoc0 and 62nd Army >ere closin* he also in5ormed &2+ that he >as *ivin* the order to p,ll o,t the t>o divisions on the coast >hether he *ot the permission or not! &nly ,nder heavy losses did 5ractions o5 these division ma0e it o,t be5ore the t>o $oviets armies Loined on the 20 th! $o,th o5 #enin*rad the *ermans had shi5ted their divisions in the #(1!2orps to try to stop the soviet &55ensive to>ards 2rasno*vardeis0 and +itler 5inally allo>ed the >ithdra>al to the Rollbahn! At %ov*orod the $oviet spearheads also closed aro,nd the city and ca,*ht a co,ple o5 battalions >ithin! 'o -over the 5lan0 ?!2orps sent part o5 its 5orces ,p to 5orm a line at the $helon riverC b,t the connection bet>een 3! and 4! Armee >as ripped open as the $oviets advanced >est to>ards #,*a!

*.8 0rea+ hrough

At this point the <erman lines >ere startin* to 5all apart and consisted more o5 smaller holdin* positions than a contin,o,s 5ront! At 2rasno*vardeis0 the $oviets bro0e thro,*h and made 5ast pace 5or both so,th to>ards #,*a and >est to>ards %arva and to avoid *ettin* trapped the <ermans no> started a near 5,ll retreat both 5rom the Rollbahn that >as *iven ,p and also 5rom the positions at the 5ormer &ranienba,m b,l*e bac0 to>ards the #,*a River! $till there >ere a si*ni5icant amo,nt o5 <erman troops %E o5 #,*a that >ere tryin* to *et o,t in time! 'he $oviet thr,st 5rom %ov*orod had almost reached the #,*a)Ps0ov line and at this time +itler dismissed 2Hchler and sent Model to replace him! Besides ModelC reserves >ere also startin* to arrive in the

German #G team $ose in %arva" with the broken road bridge and the &vangorod fortress in the background

30

5orm o5 the 54!(n5!Div and 2!PE!Div! 'he 2!PE >as initial ,sed to c,t o55 the leadin* $oviet spearhead and reestablish connection bet>een the t>o <erman armies $E o5 #,*a and >ith the >orst crisis over Model came ,p >ith a plan to attempt to stabiliEe the 5ront 5or *ood!

*.9 Shie!d and S@ord

Aith most o5 the 5orces no> reachin* #,*aC Model >anted some o5 these to ta0e ,p de5ensive positions in a perimeter aro,nd the to>n :the $hield; >hile the rest o5 the divisionsC le5t over 5rom the no> shorter 5rontC >o,ld contin,e ,p alon* the #,*a River to>ards %arva :the $>ord; and reestablish contact >ith the (((!$$!pE and ??1(!2orps de5endin* thereC ma0in* the 5ront almost a strai*ht line 5rom %arva to #a0e (lmen! "nbe0no>nst to Model the $oviet ho>ever had sent the better part o5 their 62 nd army thro,*h the *ap bet>een %arva and #,*a and it ended ,p in a meetin* en*a*ement %A o5 Pli,ssaC >here the 54!(n5!Div too0 heavy losses and had to 5all bac0! Aith the 5ront still split in t>o Model sa> the only real option >as to 5all bac0 to the Panther line and started this movement on /ebr,ary 3th!

*.10 Ta,ing he 6an her

At %arva the t>o <erman 0orps here >ere placed ,nder a ad)hoc command 0no>n as Armee)Abteil,n* %ar>a! 'hey made a stand in 5ront o5 %arva and >ithstood the 5irst storm on the line! A small sea landin* in the rear o5 the line >as also rep,lsed! (n the 5lan0 ho>ever the <erman 5orces >ere at 5irst too >ea0 to stop

0123s -ituation ma$ of 'ebruary 2,th" 4,((.

31

a $oviet crossin* north o5 %arva and so,th at 2rivasoo and this threatened to seal o55 the to>n o5 %arva! Rein5orced by several divisionsC incl,din* the Estonian 20!$$)<r!Div and PE!<r!Div!/eldherrnhalle the $oviet attac0s >ere event,ally halted in their advance and in the 5inal >ee0s be5ore the tha> set inC co,nter) attac0s a*ainst the $oviet penetration even red,ced this! /,rther so,th the $oviets reached the Panther #ine aro,nd Ps0ov at aro,nd st MarchC and 5or the rest o5 the month tested this line both north and so,th o5 the city! &nly so,th did it lead to a si*ni5icant dent in the <erman lineC >hen the $oviets advanced and severed the main road and rail line bet>een Ps0ov and &strovC be5ore the tha> set in! /rom the penins,la bet>een #a0e Ps0ov and Peip,s the $oviet also tested the <erman de5ense here and landed t>o ri5le divisions on the >estern shoreC b,t >ith the red,ced 5ront len*th the <ermans no> had bac0 in the Panther lineC they >ere able to 5ree ,p reserves and eliminate these poorly s,pplied crossin*s!

*.11 6re!ude o 0agra ion

As the 5i*thin*s died do>n aro,nd mid)april and the 5ront stabiliEedC the <ermans co,ld start sh,55lin* aro,nd reservesC sendin* many divisions to Army <ro,p $o,th that had seen heavy 5i*htin* in the sprin* as >ell! 'he $oviets also shi5ted itKs 5orcesC trans5errin* many o5 the ,nits that had been in the o55ensive north to la,nch an o55ensive a*ainst the /inns in early I,neC that >ere 5orced to si*n an armistice! 'his 5irst priority and later the massive &peration Ba*ration a*ainst Army <ro,p -enterC meant that the s,mmer o55ensive a*ainst Army <ro,p %orth >as very modest by comparison! (t >as more the threat o5 bein* encircled 5rom the s,ccess5,l $oviet thr,st to Ri*aC that 5orced the army *ro,p to start plannin* its >ithdra>al! At %arva the <ermans had detected the timin* o5 the $oviet o55ensive in I,ly and >ere able to >ithdra> L,st be5ore the heavy artillery barra*eC 5allin* bac0 to the 'annenber* line! $o,th ot #a0e Ps0ov its >ithdra>al >as less or*aniEed and the $oviets had a bi* advance in A,*,st ,p to the to>n o5 'art,C be5ore the line co,ld be temporarily stabiliEed a*ain! Aith /inland o,t o5 the >ar and only the narro> reopened *ap at Ri*a to 0eep the Army <ro,p landloc0ed the decision >as made to 5all bac0 and *ive ,p Estonia! Be5ore bein* able to retreat all the >ay bac0 to East Pr,ssia rene>ed $oviet o55ensives c,t the line a*ainC this time 5or *ood and both the 3! and 4! Armee >ere ca,*ht in the 2,rlandC the lar*e penins,la in #atviaC >here they held o,t ,ntil the 5inal s,rrender in May 965!

32

=.0 "665N&$<
=.1 5Euip,en 2ep!ace,en s
'he 5ollo>in* tables sho> the e7,ipment each side receives in addition to the replacements they *et each t,rn! 'he e7,ipment co,ld be released at any time d,rin* the period stated at the top o5 the tables!

Sovie 5Euip,en 2ep!ace,en Schedu!e

5L/$6(5NT "ssau! 5ngineer SEuad @1267-4% N:;& 2if!e SEuad F!a,e hro@er SEuad @1 2O:S-% Fougasse FO7-) F!a,e hro@er 0a ery 2ai! 2epair SEuad N)6 6on oon Luad (a-i, ""(7 %A,, L1=% =1-: "" 7un A=,, L1** %-: "" 7un 8*,, L1** *)-: "" 7un *A,, L1A% NiS-) "T 7un 1)),, L14= "-19 7un 1*),, L1)4 &-1 .o@i 9er 1*),, L1%) (L-)0 7un-.o@i 9er 0(-8-48 8),, :a yusha 0(-1%-1= 1%),, :a yusha (-%0-4 %00 ,, :a yusha N:L-)= "erosan A=.),, L140 (od.190)1%0 Turre T-A0( (% FLeeG (+.$; F4hurchi!!G (+.$< F;a!en ineG :;-1S JS-$$ S/-8* S/-1)) S/-1*) F;oroshi!ove9G .eavy Trac or La-*F Ma+-A0 6-%9L "irco3ra 6-40(-10 :i yha@+ Spi fire (+.;3 $L-4 $L-4T J"N/"2M )nd ."LF 1* 10 * 10 * * * * * * * * * * * 10 * * 10 * * )* )* 10 )0 10 F502/"2M F502/"2M 1s ."LF )nd ."LF 1* * 10 10 * * 10 * * * * 10 * * * * 10 A 10 * 10 * * )0 10 1* 10 * * 10 * * * * * * * * % * * 10 8 * * ("24. 1s ."LF 1* * 10 10 * * 10 * * * 10 * * * * 10 A * 10 * )0 10 ("24. )nd ."LF 1* 10 * * 10 * * * * * * * * 10 8 * 10 * * "62$L 1s ."LF 10 * 10 * 10 * * * * 1* * )0 10 To a! A* 40 %0 )0 %0 )* 10 =0 * )* 1* 1* 1* )0 40 )* * %0 % )* 10 10 1* *0 *0 )* 40 10 )* )* )* )0 * * 80 40

33

7er,an 5Euip,en 2ep!ace,en Schedu!e >7uns O (isc.?

5L/$6(5NT Fe!dgend. SEuad @1 (4 P !e.(7 (oun ed 2econ SEuad @1 (7%4 2ei er SEuad @1 S 744 P (7%4 6o!ice SEuad 4o,,and 7roup 2ai! 2epair SEuad 0rQc+engerR 0 )c, L111) F!a+vier!ing %8 %.Ac, L198 F!a:%A %.Ac, L14* 6a: %= @1 S741 4.*c, L1=9 6a: 184>r? 4.Ac, L14% 6a: %=> ? 4.Ac, L1*% 6a: 181>f? *c, L1=0 6a: %8 A.*c, L1)= !e.Fe!d+anone 18 A.*c, L1%= 6a: 9A1%8 >f? A.=)c, L11= $.:.)90>r? A.=)c, L1*1 6a: %=>r? 8.8c, L1*= F!a: %= 8.8c, L1A1 6a: 4%141 10c, N3.#. 40 10.*c, L1*% F!a: %9 10.*c, L1)8 :anone %%1>f? 10.*c, L14) :anone %*> ? 10.*c, L1*) :anone 18 10.Ac, L14) :anone %*)>r? 14.*c, L14) :anone 40*>f? 1*c, Ne3e!@erfer 41 1*c, L111 s.$.7. %% 1*c, L1)4 s.Fe!dhau3i 9e %A> ? 1*c, L1%0 s. Fe!dhau3i 9e 18 1*.)c, L1)0 s.Fe!d.au3i 9e 4%%>r? 1*.)c, L1%) :an..au3i 9e>r? 1*.*c, L11* sF. 414>f? 1Ac, L1*0 :anone 18 )1c, L1%1 (Srser 18 ))c, L110 (Srser *%1>f? )8c, L140 T:9. 0runoT :anone >5? )8c, L1A= :anone * >5? %0c, Ne3e!@erfer 4) %)c, L1%1 :anone >5? =*1>f? %4 c, L14* :anone >5? *A%>f? J"N. 5N& 14 A 18 11 1* 1* 4 1= ) F50. ST"2T = 10 )8 1* % 11 8 = 1* ) = F50. ($&&L5 = 1) 1) 18 10 ) * 8 % = 10 = = ) % % F50. 5N& 14 8 )8 1) 1) = 10 1* ) ) = 1* 1* 1 1 % 1 ("24. ST"2T A 10 10 1) 1= 1* 1* ("24. ($&&L5 )8 = 10 10 11 10 = 1* = ("24. 5N& 14 8 1) ) "62$L ST"2T 10 10 10 TOT"L 4) )0 %= )0 84 1) )4 )) 4= *) )1 ) = 4* % %* * )) )8 1* A ) 8 1) 10 ) ) 1) 4* = 4= ) = = ) % * 1 1 = % 1

34

7er,an 5Euip,en 2ep!ace,en Schedu!e >;ehic!es O "ircraf ?

5L/$6(5NT Sd:f9 = Ng:@. * Sd:f9 A11 >)c, F!a+vier!. %8? >Sf? Sd:f9 9 Ng:@. 18 Sd:f9 1014 >)c, L111) F!a+%8? >Sf? Sd:f9 11 Ng:@. % Sd:f9 1)4 #espe >10.*c, !e.F.? Sd:f9 1%*11 7ri!!e >1*c, L11) s$7? Sd:f9 1=* .u,,e! >1*c, s.F.? Sd:f9 ))) >)c, L1** :@:%8? Sd:f9 ))% >A.9),, (7%4? Sd+f- )%% >A.*c, L1)4 S u:%A? Sd:f9 )*011 >A.9),, (7%4? Sd:f9 )*111 >A.9),, (7%4? Sd:f9 )*11A >A.9),, (7%4? Sd:f9 )*119 >A.*c, L1)4 :@:%A? Sd:f9 )*1110 >%.Ac, L14* 6a:%=? 6an9er@erfer 4) >1*c, N3#. Sf? 6a: 4014 auf 2SO >Sf? >A.*c, L14= 69Jg.$$ fQr 6a: 401) >A.*c, L14=? 69Jg.%8 fQr 6a: %=>r? >A.=)c, L1*1 69Jg.%8>.? fQr 6a: 401% >A.*c,? 69Jg.%8>(? fQr 6a: 401% >A.*c,? S u7 S/-A=>r? >A=.),, L14)? 69:pf@ :#-1 -A4%>r? >A.=)c,? 69:pf@ T-%4 -A4A>r? >A.=)c, L14)? 69:pf@ T-A0>r? >4.*c, L14=? 690ef#g $$$ >*c, L14) :@: %8? 690eo3#g $$$ >A.9),, (7%4? 69-%87 > ? >%.Ac, L148? 69:pf@ $;. >A.*c, L148 :@:40? 69:pf@ ; 6an her & >$,,o3i!e? 69:pf@ ;$5 Tiger >8.8c, L1*=? 0f 1097-= F@ 190"-=H Ju 8A&-% Ju 8A&-* Ju 8A7-) .e 111.-1= Ju 884-=3 J"N. 5N& 10 % ) ) * % 1 ) % ) * A )) )* 8 A 41 % F50. ST"2T = 1* 10 - >P1A? F50. ($&&L5 10 10 1* ) 1 1 %0 10 10 1% )8 1) A 1% %4 F50. 5N& A 10 ) % 10 ) ) 1 10 1A - >P8? ("24. ("24. ("24. ST"2T ($&&L5 5N& 10 1* ) 1 8 10 10 10 % = = ) ) ) % 10 ) 1* %9 )% >P10? 4 4* 1 1* = 10 "62$L ST"2T * 1A 1 *A * %0 % TOT"L 1% 10 %0 %0 4* % ) 1 4 1 1 = = ) ) ) % %8 = ) ) %* % 1 4 % ) % ) A* A *) 109 19 1*= = 8) 9

1= >P)0? *9 >P**?

S; n,mbers in brac0ets are also received i5 the option o5 increased 5i*hter s,pport is selected! (n addition to theseC a 5raction o5 the armor in evaporated $oviet ,nits are considered capt,red by the <ermans and >ill arrive 2)8 days a5ter the ,nit >as destroyed!

35

=.) Terrain fea ures

As most o5 the scenario >ill be played ,nder very cold >eather conditions it opens ,p 5or movement alon* 5roEen >ater>ays! Already at F5roEen G conditions marshes >ill 5reeEe over and at F5roEen 3G even la0es and maLor rivers are passable! +o>everC '&AA has a 5eat,re that >ill bloc0 movement into 5roEen 5looded marshesC i5 all adLacent heDes are o5 a type that >o,ld bloc0 normal movement in >arm >eather! 'hat >o,ld be 5looded marshC maLor rivers and canalsC la0e and sea heDes! 'his holds tr,e even i5 these heDes are no> passable in the >inter! 'his a55ect some 0ey locations on the mapQ aro,nd %arva the center o5 the 2or*e $>amp $A o5 the to>n have 5looded marsh heDes that to,ch only other 5lood marsh heDes or the %arva River! $ee map belo>:

'his ma0e %arva a sli*htly better de5ensive position than >hat it mi*ht appear as 5irst! At a lot o5 other places on the map this 5eat,re comes into e55ectC li0e aro,nd parts o5 #a0e 1alyia and in the lar*e s>amps $A o5 $taraya R,ssa! Each player sho,ld st,dy these and other locations in advance to avoid nasty s,prise in the middle o5 a *ame! At one location movement have been hampered arti5icially in &peration %eva! 'hat is at the mo,th o5 the $helon riverC >here it r,ns into #a0e (lmen! 'he maLor river heDes that also contains 5looded marsh >ill bloc0 all movement here! Movement o,t on the open ice o5 #a0e (lmen and on the river heDes >itho,t 5looded marsh is ,sin* the normal scenario conditions described in 3!6!

=.% FreEuen !y "s+ed Lues ions

L' .o@ do $ +no@ if1@hen ,y ,ore unco,,on eEuip,en rep!ace,en s arrivesU "' T%ere won=t /e an announ-ement of t%is. T%e e5a-t timing of t%eir arrival is ran#omi$e# to wit%in t%e time'frame s1e-ifie# in t%e 6.1 ta/le. T%e onl wa to 3now if t%e latest /at-% %ave arrive# woul# /e to 1a attention to our inventor lists. L' .o@ do $ +no@ if ,y opponen has ac iva ed his for,a ionsU A> ?ou will @ust %ave to 3ee1 an e e out for an movement t%e units mig%t 1erform. L' #hy shou!dnT $ Bus ac iva e ,y for,a ions he ,o,en $ ge he chanceU A> T%e s%ort answer is t%e -ost. !f ou s1en# too mu-% 1oints on units, t%e ris3 is t%at ou won=t /e a/le to win w%en t%e results are tallie# u1 at t%e en#. Man of t%e units will /e ma#e availa/le eventuall , so it is /est to @ust use t%e amount of for-e nee#e# to get t%e reAuire# @o/ #one. For instan-e, if t%e Germans @ust ma3e a wit%#rawal it woul# /e a waste to 1a for units ou woul# get a-tivate# s%ortl after for free

36

an wa , on t%e ot%er %an# it woul# /e stu1i# to lose as t%e "oviets /e-ause ou were una/le to get & o/@e-tives / turn 9<, if ou %ave reserves left ou -oul# %ave reAueste# to assist ou. T%erein also lies some of t%e -%oi-es t%e German 1la er s%oul# ma3e. He mig%t not /e a/le to sto1 a #etermine# "oviet offensive from getting t%e o/@e-tives, /ut if %e -an for-e %is o11onent to 1a a 1ri-e to -laim t%em, it will still /e a small vi-tor for %im. L' $f he Sovie !ose a previous!y cap ured o3Bec ive can he 7er,ans @in a sudden dea h 3y hisU A> No. T%e "oviet will onl %ave to %ave owne# t%ese towns for one turn to fulfill t%e "TA+*A goals. L' "re o3Bec ives a!!o@ed o 3e cap ured 3y par isansU A> ?es. T%ere is no wa to %ave t%e game #istinguis% /etween w%at t 1e of unit -a1ture t%e %e5es, so it will /e wise / t%e German 1la er to leave at least a small garrison unit in t%e towns %e=# li3e to 3ee1 from snea3 1artisans. L' .o@ co,e $ as 7er,an see, o have ,ore 3eu e- an+s han $ can accoun for @i h he rep!ace,en sU A> T%is will %ave -ome from -a1ture of enem tan3s. Eva1orate# "oviet tan3' an# "B')gts an# '(ns will sen# 1art of t%eir losses to t%e German inventor after a few #a s. L' "s 7er,an $ have over )00 2if!e sEuads @1 (7%4 3u hey donT see, o ge dis ri3u ed o ,y uni sU A> .%en T4A. #etermines if units will re-eive re1la-ements t%e formula it uses will let more eAui1ment rea-% units if it=s a few units #eman#ing a lot of eAui1ment, t%an a lot of units all #eman#ing few re1la-ements. Also if some units %ave a sur1lus of t%e eAui1ment in Auestion it will furt%er re#u-e t%e #eman#. T%e German %ave man #ivi#e# units #iluting t%e #eman# an# on to1 of t%at a lot of t%ese start wit% e5tra Col#D (MG98) sAua#s. As t%e game 1rogress, units get -om/ine# an# ta3e more losses, t%e )ifle sAua#s w: MG98 will start to tri-3le in. E5a-tl w%en #e1en#s on man t%ings, /ut it s%oul# %a11en w%en roug%l 9E< sAua#s %ave /een assem/le#.

=.4 "33revia ions1Trans!a ions "" = Anti Air """ = Anti Air Artillery "3 . = A/teilung = Detachment.Battalion "r . F Artillerie F Artillery "T = Anti)'an0 "uf+!. F Auf3lGrer F Reconnaissance 0"& = Bomber Air Division 0au = -onstr,ction 0"6 = Bomber Air Re*iment 00 F Battleship 3dr. = Border >3eu? = (eute F Booty! :"sed as pre5iD 5or ,nits ,sin* capt,red tan0s; 0n = Battalion :$oviet; 0 !. F (ataillon F Battalion :<erman; 0 r. = (atterie = Battery :*ro,p o5 artillery; 4" = +eavy -r,iser 4n -0 r. ) -o,nter)Battery 4o!. F -olonel 4oy. F -ompany :$oviet; && F Destroyer &iv. F Division >5?15is3. = Eisen/a%n = Railroad 5s .15s n. F Estnis-% F Estonian F. F Fel# F /ield >f? F Fran$Hsi-% F /rench :in desi*natin* ori*in o5 >eapon or vehicle; Fe"us0.1Fe"u. F Fel#aus/il#ung F /ield 'rainin* Fe!dgen. F Fel#gen#armerie F Military Police Fes . F Festung F /ortress F!a,,.#fr. F Flammwerfer F /lame 'hro>er Fs rf.7ef. F Fel#'"traf'Gefangenen = /ield convicts. Penal ,nit FT = /lame 'hro>er FQs. F F6silier F (n5antry :,s,ally 5ormed 5rom Auf3l.(tl; 7. F Ges-%6t$ F <,n 7d17ds = <,ards 7d (or F <,ards Mortar :,sed 5or roc0et artillery; 7e3. F Ge/irg F Mo,ntain 37

7e,. F Gemis-%t F MiDed :as in ,nit >ith di55erent type o5 >eapons; 7en17n17 = <eneral 7nF(17enFe!d(ar F Generalfel#mars-%all F /ield Marshall 7r17ren F Grena#ier F (n5antry 7r.#. F Granat .erfer F Mortar 7917r917rn9 F Gren$s-%ut$ F Border <,ard .. F Hau/it$e F +o>itEer >.? F Hintern F Rear :re5errin* to en*ine placement on PE!34; .ei,o.6. F :/innish; Heimo1atal@oona F 'ribal battalion :5ormed 5rom /innish spea0in* $oviet P&As; .o@ ) +o>itEer .vS F Hermann von "al$a F +onorary title *iven to $$)PE!Abt! .1.vy F +eavy $. F !nfanterie F (n5antry $.Suo,.26r. F :/innish; !tG'"uomenla%#en ranni33o1ri3aati F East <,l5 o5 /inland -oastal Bri*ade $"& = /i*hter Air Division $": = /i*her Air -orps $"6 = /i*hter Air Re*iment $ :. F :/innish; !lmator@unta3anuuna F Anti)Air <,n Jagd.FQ. F 2ag#a/s-%nittsf6%rer F /i*hter sector command Jg. = 2Gger = literaly F+,nterG :,sed either as post5iD or as desi*nation o5 in5antry; J7 F 2ag#ges-%wa#er F /i*hter s7,adron J2 F :/innish; 2al3avG3ir 3mentti F (n5antry Re*iment :.1:an. F *anone F -annon.<,n :an.2. F :/innish; *anna3sen ) %mG F 2arelian (sthm,s <ro,p :0F ) 2rasno$nam onn (alti@s3i@ Flot = Red Banner Baltic /leet :7 F *am1fges-%wa#er F Bomber s7,adron :p. = *om1anie = -ompany :<erman; :rh. = :/innish; 3ranaatin%eitin = Mortar :@: = *am1fwagen3anone = 'an0 <,n !e. F Lei-%t F #i*ht :>eapon or ,nit desi*nation; L1L = Leutnant F #ie,tenant L F #i*ht >L? F Luftwaffe F "ho>in* ori*in o5 ,nit :'rans5erred to Aehrmacht in %ov 963;

L .1Le . F Lettis-% F #atvian L@.Fe!d-&iv F Luftwaffe Fel# 0ivision F #,5t>a55e /ield Division (. F MHrser F literaly FMortarG :,sed 5or heavy ho>itEers; >(? F Mitte F -enter :Re5errin* to en*ine placent o5 PE!34; (.".". F Marine Artillerie A/teilung F Marine artillery battalion (ar. = Marine (aB.1(B. F MaLor (.F!.". F Marine Fla3 A/teilung F Marine AA battalion (or. F Mortar (T"& = Mine)'orpedo Air Division (T"6 = Mine)'orpedo Air Re*iment N"7r. F Na%auf3lGrungsgru11e F $hort Ran*e Reconnaissance <ro,p N3.#. F Ne/elwerfer F ,s,ally ,sed 5or roc0et la,nchersC b,t %b!A!60 >as act,ally a mortar! N$("6 ) $ceinti5ic Research %avy Artillery Ran*e NJ7 F Na-%t@ag#ges-%wa#er F %i*ht /i*hter $7,adron O3 . F 4/erst F -olonel Os = East :desi*natin* a ,nit composed o5 personnel 5rom Eastern E,rope; >p? F Polnis-% F Polish :in desi*natin* ori*in o5 >eapon; 6a: F Pan$era/we%r3anone F A' <,n 6io. = Pionier F En*ineer 6o!. = Poli$ei F Police 6on. = Pontoon 6s :. = :/innish; Panssarintor@unta3anuuna = Anti)'an0 <,n 6;O = Protivo +o$#us%no 4/oron = Air De5ense /orces 69. = Pan$er = 'an0.Armo,red 690ef#g F Pan$er/efe%lswagen F Armo,red -ommand 1ehicle 690eo3#g F Pan$er/eo/a-%tswagen F Armo,red &bservation 1ehicle 69:pf@ F Pan$er3am1fwagen F Armo,red /i*htin* 1ehicle >r? F )ussis-% F R,ssian :in desi*natin* ori*in o5 >eapon or vehicle; 2.69.0 F )a3eten1an$er/6s-%e F A' roc0et la,ncher 2ei er = literally FRiderG = -avalry 38

2g . = Re*iment 2SO = )au1ens-%le11er 4st = #iterally F-aterpillar 'ractor EastG! A 5,lly trac0ed prime mover s. F "-%wer F +eavy :>eapon or ,nit desi*nation; Schu,a. F "-%ut$manns-%aft F $ec,rity 5orce :,sed 5or East E,ropean ,nits; Sd:f9 F "on#er3raftfa%r$eug F $pecial p,rpose vehicle! Sep. = $eparate >sf? F "el/stfa%rlafette F $el5 Propelled S7 F "-%la-%tges-%wa#er F <ro,nd Attac0 $7,adron S. = $,per +eavy Sh"& = Assa,lt Air Division Sh"6 = Assa,lt Air Re*iment Sich. = "i-%erung = $ec,rity

S u7 F "turmges-%6t$ F Assa,lt <,n :sel5 propelled; S u.:. = "turm3anone = Assa,lt <,n :here re5errin* to the act,al *,n; > ? F Ts-%e3is-% F -Eech :in desi*natin* ori*in o5 >eapon or vehicle; 9.3.; F $u /eson#eren +erwen#ung F literally F5or special p,rposeG :here desi*natin* penal ,nits; Ners . = IerstHrer = Destroyer :,s,ally as post5iD 5or at ,nit type! i!e! pE!; Ng:@ = U,*0ra5t>a*en = :trac0ed; vehicle ,sed 5or to>in* NQg F 'rain

A.0 SO/245S
0oo+s used for FOpera ion NevaG

"!!,ayer-0ec+, 4hris oph von: 0ie Ges-%i-%te 0er &1.(4st1r.:.est1r.) !nfanterie'0ivision. 0en9, JSrg' 0euts-%e Marineinfanterie 179J'178E > 0as "-%i-3sal #er Marinestosstru11s, #er MAA E91 (von 0iest) un# an#erer infanteristis-% eingeset$ter Ein%eiten #er *riegsmarine. 0raa+e, 7Qn er' 0ie r%einis-%'westfGlis-%e 1&6. !nfanterie'0ivision, 178<'178E. 0rei haup , .ans' 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er 9<. !nfanterie'0ivision. 0uchner, "!e-: T%e German !nfantr Han#/oo3 ' 1797F178E. 0u-a, #erner' .eg un# "-%i-3sal #er 11. !nfanterie'0ivision. 4arius, O o' Tigers in t%e mu#> T%e -om/at -areer of German Pan$er Komman#er 4tto Karius. L".P$.A/t.E<&M &avies, #.J.:.: German Arm Han#/oo3 F 1797'178E. 7ir3ig, #erner: 2ag#ges-%wa#er E NEismeer@GgerN > Eine K%roni3 aus 0o3umenten un# (eri-%ten 1781' 178E. 7!an 9, &avid (.: K4L4""B" )E(4)N F T%e )e# Arm at war, 1781'1789. 7!an 9, &avid (.: Kom1anion to K4L4""B" )E(4)N 7!an 9, &avid (.: T%e (attle for Leningra# 1781'1788. 7!an 9, &avid (.: Atlas of T%e (attle for Leningra#> (rea3ing t%e (lo-3a#e an# Li/eration 1 2anuar 1789 ' 1E 2ul 1788. .aaes , 5ri+: (ntet nyt 5ra Vst5ronten. LAll Auiet in t%e East F Frontletters from Per "Orensen, ""')egiment &8 0anmar3M .u3a sch, #a! her: 0ie 61. !nfanterie 0ivision, 1781'178E. .aup , #erner: 0ie 0euts-%en Luftwaffen'Fel##ivisionen 1781'178E. .aup , #erner: Arm Grou1 Nort%> T%e .e%rma-%t in )ussia 1781'178E. .aup , #erner: Leningra# F 0ie 7<<'Tage "-%la-t 1781'178E. .i!!, "!e-ander' T%e .ar (e%in# t%e Eastern Front F T%e "oviet Partisan Movement in Nort%'.est )ussia 1781'1788. .o@e!!, 5dgar (.: T%e "oviet Partisan Movement 1781'1788. .use,ann, Friederich: 0ie guten Glau/ens waren. Ges-%i-%te #er 8. ""'Poli$ei'Pan$ergrena#ier'0ivision. (an# !!. 1789'178E.

39

Jen 9, Tho,as L. O #erner 2egen3erg: PanEer 'racts %o! 9: Be,te)PanEer0amp5>a*en. :arde!, .ennec+e: 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er 1;<. !nfanterie'0ivision 1797 ' 178E. :auf,ann, J.5. O Jurga, 2o3er (.: Fortress Euro1e> Euro1ean fortifi-ations of .orl# .ar !!. :ei!ig, #o!f: 0as 0euts-%e Heer 1797'178E. :is!i syn, N. O Nu3a+ov, ;.' Leningra# #oes not surren#er. :uro@s+i, Fran9' 0ie Tiger 3ommen> #ie s-%were Pan$era/teilung E<& un# #ie Tiger #er =Lei/stan#arte= im 4stfel#$ug 1789'178E Land@ehr, 2ichard' Nor#i- warriors> ""'Pan$ergrena#ier')egiment &8 0anmar3, Eastern Front, 1789'8E. (ehner, :ur ' 0ie ge%eimen Tages/eri-%te #er #euts-%en .e%rma-%tf6%rung im Iweiten .elt3rieg 1797'178E F +ol. 7P1< (1.1&.1789'91.J.1788) (ichae!is, 2o!f: 0ie 11.""'Freiwilligen'Pan$er'Grena#ier'0ivision CNor#lan#D. (ichae!is, 2o!f: Esten in #er .affen'"" F 0ie &<. .affen'Grena#ier'0ivision #er "" (estnis-%e Nr. 1). (ichae!is, 2o!f: Letten in #er 4r#nungs1oli$ei un# .affen'"" 1781'178E. (Q!!er, 7. O 7u ,ann, F. #.: 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er &<;. un# &J1 !nfanterie'0ivision. 1797'178E (uVo9, "n onio: GHrings Grena#iers F T%e Luftwaffe Fiel# 0ivisions 178&'178E. Ne@ on, S even ..: )etreat from Leningra# F Arm Grou1 Nort% 1788:178E. Niepo!d, 7erd: 1&. Pan$er#ivision (&.!nf 0iv) Pommern 17&1'178E. 6!a onov, 6. N.: (itva $a Leningra# 1781F1788. LT%e (attle for Leningra# 1781'1788M 6o!!er, .er3er , (Rnsson, (ar in O #es 3erg, Lennar : ""'Pan$er'Auf3lGrungs'A/teilung 11 CNor#lan#D 6rue , (ichae! ..: Pan$er3am1fgru11e "tra-%wit$ F A 1%otogra1%i- stu# of t%e (attles for t%e C4stsa-3D an# C.estsa-3D Narva 1788. SWnche9, "!fonso 5.: Fel#%errn%alle> Forgotten Elite F T%e Pan$er3or1s Fel#%errn%alle an# Ante-e#ent Formations, Eastern an# 4t%er Fronts 1797'178E. Sa@odny, #o!fgang' German Armore# Trains 17<8'178E Sche!,, #a! er: 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er &1E. !nfanterie'0ivision. Schneider, #o!fgang: Tigers in Kom/at !. SchrSder, JQrgen O Schu! 9-Neu,ann, Joachi,: 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er 1ommers-%en 9&. !nfanterie' 0ivision 179E ' 178E Sharp, 4har!es 4.: "oviet 4r#er of (attle in ..!! F +ol. 1 t%roug% 1&. S S3er, .ans: 0ie Lettis-%en 0ivisionen im +!. ""'Armee3or1s. Te au, .ans von O ;ersoc+, :ur : 0ie Ges-%i-%te #er &8. !nfanterie'0ivision. Tie+e, #i!he!,' Trage# of t%e Fait%ful F A Histor of t%e !!!. (germanis-%es) ""'Pan$er'*or1s #ea!, John: 2ag#ges-%wa#er E8 NGr6n%er$N. Na!oga, S even J. O Ness, Le!and S.' )e# Arm Han#/oo3 1797'178E. Nie,+e, 5ar! F.' "talingra# to (erlin> T%e German 0efeat in t%e East. Ne!!er, :onrad: 0ie w6rttem/ergis-%'/a#is-%e &1E. !nfanterie'0ivision. 1796 ' 178E. Nydo@i 9, :ur ' 0ie Ges-%i-%te 0er EJ. !nfanterie'0ivision, 1797'178E.

8.0 425&$TS
'han0s to $Wren <a,n :Doc;C 2ristian &! 2ristensen :'e,5el;C &*ar and DemLans0 5or play testin* and to 'el,mar 5or inspiration to this brie5in* 5rom his scenarios! 'his scenario >as desi*ned by $te5an &ver*aard 2ristensen :$ne5ens;! Modi5ication o5 mapC ,nitsC events or other parts o5 scenario not allo>ed >itho,t permission! -ontact at sne5ensXac)smol5!d0

40

9.0 4."N75 LO7

4hanges in v1.00' Release version! (dentical to v0!58!

4hanges in v0.*A' Added missin* road in heD 34C56! Partisans no> ,se the Pirre*,larP co,nter instead o5 P*,errillaP! Added '& to allo> &2+ to p,ll o,t its heavy sie*e artillery be5ore 62nd ArmyKs o55ensive at a cost! '& 5or activation o5 ??1(! and ??1(((! 2orps also available >hen 2rasno*vardeis0 is threatend and.or 5rom t,rn 5! -orrected eventsC so Dno &bLective tri**ers only >hen to>n center is capt,redC not adLacent heDes (ncreased startin* amo,nt o5 rail)repair s7,ads 5or both sides! Added events to clean ,p red,ndant 'heater &ptions 5or st $hoc0 and 22nd Army activation! (ncreased movement capability o5 contr,ction s7,ads!

4hanges in v0.*=' Made A,50l!2p! 0:#; and the companies o5 M!/l!A!239 ,ndividable! $oviet player no lon*er receives ne>s >hether 290!(n5!Div! >ithdra>s or stays! st and 6th Partisan Bn >ere made ,ndividable! Removed all cropland terrain to sli*htly lo>er o55)road movement cost! Red,ced $oviet $,pply radi,s 5rom 4 to 8! Added theater option to allo> play >itho,t $,dden Death victory conditions 5or 5,ll *ame ,p to 90 t,rns! /iDed crossroad at heD 99C65 :Br,0ovich;! -orrected typo in '& 5or activation o5 st Mortar Division! -orrected the maD amo,nt o5 83mm Ui$)3 <,ns in the Art Bn in Ri5les Bri*ades 5rom 3 to 4! Added theater option to allo> airs,pply at #i,ban Air5ield! (ncreased cost 5or most theater options! '& 5or 2orps activations >ill no lon*er be able to appear a5ter the 5ormations have already activated! Removed 83mm Ui$)3 <,ns in stC2nd and 3rd Ri5le Bn o5 6th Ri5le Bri*ade that hindered movement! Red,ced MRPB 5rom 6 to 3! (ncreased Attrition Divider 5rom 20 to 22! Red,ced Entrenchment rate 5rom 35% to 50%!

4hanges in v0.**' -han*ed Attrition Divider 5rom 8 to 20! -han*ed -ombat Density Penalty 5rom 85% to 50%!

4hanges in v0.*4' Re)added obLectives that all >ere removed in v0!53!

4hanges in v0.*%' -orrected b,* in events deployin* 265th Ri5le Division! -orrected pro5iciency o5 divided ,nits .

41

4hanges in v0.*)' Added obLective trac0s and events 5or a $oviet Pro*rammed &pponent! Red,ced initial n,mber o5 transport vehicles in !$$ PE<r!Div and 6!$$ PE<r!Bri*ade! -han*ed desi*nation o5 the PMarderP variants! Added a 5e> PEI*!(( 5Hr Pa2 60.2 (( to PE!I*!Abt!24! '& 5or activation o5 ??1(((!2orps no> also appears >hen $oviets reach >ithin 0 heDes o5 &*oreli : 5 C53;!

4hanges in v0.*1' v0.*0' /irst play test version! (ncreased replacement priority 5or all ,nits sli*htly! (ncreased soviet rate o5 $<)63 M< replacements 5rom 3 to 3! $oviet 608th %aval RR Art is no lon*er immobile! -orrected desi*nation o5 8!5cm #.63 Pa260! -orrected desi*nation o5 $t,<)((( < :8!5cm #.64 $t,!2!60;! -orrected typo in heD)coordinates 5or the event so 22nd Army co,ld activate incorrectly! Removed d,plicate 309th (AD 5rom 3th Air Army! :Also present in 6th AA; Added th MiDed Aviation -orps 5or 2nd Baltic /ront : 5th Air Army;! Added airbase at Pechory! Added airbase o55)map so,th o5 22nd Army! -orrected vis,al appearance o5 ice on la0es! Bri*ades in 2nd $hoc0 Army >ill no> activate i5 retreated by <ermans! 38th and 4th Army >ill no> activate 5or 5ree i5 $ivers0aya is capt,red! 56th Army >ill no> activate 5or 5ree i5 Batets0aya is capt,red! st $hoc0 and 22nd Army >ill no> activate 5or 5ree i5 #,*a is capt,red! Aithdra>al o5 Partisans no> releases a n,mber o5 in5antry s7,ads into $oviet 5orce pool! -onstr,ction s7,ads no> re7,ire transport! -orrected description abo,t >hat heD activates 29th and 22nd 'an0 Bri*ade! Added events 5or optional second activation o5 artillery 5ormations at do,ble cost! -orrected a 5e> mista0es 5or ,nit icons in normal vie> and added silho,ette o5 plane types! -ompleted c,stomiEation o5 ,nit icons 5or small vie> Redployed startin* position o5 /est!Btl!358 to #,*a! -han*ed one o5 the t>o I*!R*t!25Ks in 3!#>!/eld)Div to I*!R*t!23!

42