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Contents:

VOL - 1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Page

Foreword Preface Acknowledgement Definitions Frequently asked Questions on Procedure for licensing Section 1 - Multiple choice questions (1-1777)

VOL - 2
Multiple choice questions (1778-3000) Section 2 - True/False Questions Section 3 - Match the following Section 4 - Specimen samples of model prescription with pertinent questions for Oral examination. Appendix: 1. Acronyms - Some of the abbreviations of terms commonly used in prescription writing. 2. Terminologies 3. Model Question Paper - Pharmacist written Examination 4. Model Question Paper - Asst. Pharmacist written Examination 5. Royal Decree No. 41/96 and its amendment. Law of
Pharmacy Practice and Organization of Pharmaceutical Establishments

477 491 501 513 517 518 530 540 547 557 561 573 582 589 590 592

6.

Ministerial decision No. 73/2000 and its amendments-

conditions and procedure of licensing to practice the profession of Pharmacist or to work as an Assistant Pharmacist.

7. 8.

Ministerial decision No. 74/2000 and its amendmentsregulations governing pharmaceutical institutions.

Circular No. 49/2010- DGPA&DC- regulations regarding controlled

non psychotropic drugs.

9.

Specimen samples of Prescription pads- Controlled drugsMinistry of Health/ Private sector.

10.

Examination Application form- Pharmacist/Asst. Pharmacist/ Medical

Representative

11. 12.

Registration Form- Licensing- Pharmacist/Asst. Pharmacist References

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Foreword
I am very much delighted to note that the Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control, Ministry of Health, is publishing a guidance book for Pharmacists and Assistant Pharmacists who are applying for pharmacy practice licence in the Sultanate of Oman. Indeed, it underscores the importance the Ministry of Health pays to the pharmaceutical sector, which plays a vital role in public health services all over Oman. The pharmaceutical sector, as you all know, is an integral part of the medical science where rapid advances take place. It is therefore important to unify and standardize the evaluation system to ensure that those who pass the pharmacy examination are eligible to carry out their duties as per the international standards and ethics. This manual contains the guidelines as to how to obtain the Pharmacy Practice Licence in Oman. It also contains the Pharmacy Practice Law as well as the concerned Ministerial Decisions and more than 3000 questions, which cover almost all pharmacy subjects. I convey my compliments to the Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control for their efforts in publishing this manual. I also express my thanks to all those who supported financially, technically and logistically in issuing this manual and hope that it will be a good reference tool for the pharmacy candidates to prepare for the MOH licensing Examination Dr. Ahmed Bin Mohd Obaid Al Saidi The Minister of Health

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Preface
The Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control (DGPA&DC) is the regulatory body responsible for evaluating the qualifications of both local and expatriate candidates who aspire to work in the Pharmaceutical Establishments in Oman. This manual explains the licensing requirements for Pharmacists, Industrial Pharmacists, Medical Representatives, and Assistant Pharmacists to work in the Pharmaceutical Establishments in Sultanate of Oman. It is expected that as health care professionals, Pharmacy professionals too need to achieve and maintain competency to practice throughout their career. The Licensing Examination is aimed at evaluating the competency of a candidate, and the best possible way to evaluate is by going through a written and oral examination which is focused to assess the candidates knowledge, aptitude and skills required to practice the profession in the country. This is an attempt to assist the prospective candidates to prepare themselves for this appraisal. May this be of benefit to them and enjoy their learning process for the continued growth of an efficient, able and patient centered professional. This compilation of questions, facts, figures and material organized from various sources of reference books of Pharmacy curriculum so as to equip the aspiring graduates to prepare themselves for the licensing examination. Though efforts are being taken to provide reliable and correct information, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in medical sciences, readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained herein with other standard reference sources. Ph. Sawsan Ahmed Jaffar Director General, Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control, Ministry of Health, Sultanate of Oman

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We wish to acknowledge all those who lent their expertise to this endeavour and stood by us in this long process which took us more than an year. We want to thank them for their perseverance and commitment to this project. The current pharmaceutical sector and education provide greater career opportunities for pharmacists than ever before, thus pharmaceutical education including pharmaceutical science and practice, must prepare pharmacy practitioners for the future. The Ministry of Health and the Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs & Drug Control work in close association with the educational institutions in the country both government & private and the private pharmaceutical establishments, all of whom have shared in this venture in one way or the other to make it a reality. What we accomplished was the development and publication of a manual that was different from any other seen, a guide that we hope will help many candidates in their quest for licensure and inclusion in our respected profession and a tool to help those refresh their clinical skills and knowledge for professional pharmacists as well as to the students of pharmacy. This manual represents the contributions of more than 30 specialists who provided wide expertise in pharmaceutical science, pharmacy practice, and clinical pharmacy. We express our gratitude for the strong support we received from the Institutions viz., The Oman Assistant Pharmacy Institute, The Oman Medical College, Nizwa University Pharmacy College, The Higher College of Technology and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital Pharmacy Department. Heartfelt gratitude is due to Prof. Mustafa Fahmy Abdel Kareem, Dean, Oman Assistant Pharmacy Institute and his team for their efforts. We are indeed indebted to the working party from Nizwa University for lending their valuable time and involvement in consultation and revision. Our special thanks go to Mr. B.S. Mehta, General Manager, Muscat Pharmacy & Stores LLC who provided us with some reference books for the manual. We convey our special thanks to Dr Shirly Samson Varughese for her tireless and meticulous efforts in preparing this manual from the beginning through to the end. In addition, we would also wish to offer special mention, the efforts taken by Ph. Tahira Abdul Sattar & her colleagues and sincere appreciation is due to Ph. Abdul Galeel Yousif Ishaq who coordinated the whole enterprise. The administrative assistance provided by Mr Radhakrishnan Nambiar, Mrs Aleyamma Varughese and Mrs. Alia Bint Salim Al Hamadi from the Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control, is worthy of note which needs special applause. It is my privilege to give the list of contributors to this manual.

Ph. Sawsan Ahmed Jaffar, Director General of Pharmaceutical Affairs and Drug Control

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Contributors Directorate General of Pharmaceutical Affairs & Drug Control Ministry of Health, Oman Sawsan Ahmed Jaffar MSc. Director General Shirley Samson Varughese MPh., PhD Pharmacologist Tahira Abdul Sattar BSc., BPh Director, Pharmacy Department Abdul Galeel Yousif Ishaq BPh Head, Coordination & Follow up Oman Assistant Pharmacy Institute, Ministry of Health, Oman Mustafa Fahmy Abdel Kareem MSc.,PhD Dean Mohammed Elwan MSc., PhD Professor - Pharmacology, Mohammed Shams MSc., PhD Assoc. Professor- Pharmaceutics, Adel Suliman MSc., PhD Assoc.Professor- Pharmacology Yosry Elsaid MSc., PhD Professor- Pharmaceutics Oman Medical College, Oman Jayasekhar P MPh., PhD Professor of Medicinal Chemistry Alka Ahuja MPh., PhD Professor of Pharmaceutics Chitme Havagiray MPh., PhD Associate Professor of Pharmacology Abdul Salam Nazmi MPh., PhD Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Mullaicharam Bhupathyraaj MPh., PhD Associate Professor of Pharmaceutics Shah Alam Khan MPh., PhD Associate Professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Nirmal A Pathare MSc., PhD Professor of Microbiology Nidaa Mohammed Ali MSc. Lecturer in Pharmacy and Training

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University of Nizwa, College of Pharmacy & Nursing, Nizwa, Oman Qasim Al Riyami MPh., Associate Dean for Training Jimmy Jose MPh., PhD., PDCR Associate Professor - Pharmacy Practice Jamaluddin Shaikh MSc., PhD Associate Professor - Pharmacology Anil K Philip MPh., PhD Associate Professor - Pharmaceutics Dileep Kumar Rohra MBBS.,PhD Associate Professor - Pharmacology Shyam Sundar MPh., PhD Assistant Professor - Pharmacology Iman Ibrahim Saddar MPh., PhD Associate Professor Pharmaceutics Mohammed Zayan Pharm D Assistant Professor - Pharmacy Practice Higher College of Technology, Ministry of Manpower, Oman S K Sridhar MPh., PhD Head of Pharmacy Department Nagwa Mohammed Assem MSc., PhD Professor - Biochemistry Bassem El-Menshawi MSc., PhD Professor Pharmacognosy Muna Arif Al Juma M Ph., M Sc Lecturer - Clinical Pharmacy Aireen Atizado Borsil MSc. Lecturer - Microbiology Neetu Baldev Chabria MPh. Lecturer - Pharmacy Practice K Ramkumar MPh. Lecturer - Pharmacology Mohammed Yaheeya MPh. Lecturer - Pharmacy Practice

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Definitions:
Licensing Examination Pharmaceutical Establishments
The process of evaluation (both written &oral) conducted for the licensing of pharmacists and Assistant Pharmacists 1. Pharmacies (Public & In-House) 2. Medical Stores 3. Pharmaceutical companies 4. Scientific Offices The committee which is responsible for evaluating the pharmacists & Assistant Pharmacists The committee is responsible about the licensing of pharmacists, Assistant Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Establ lishments

Licensing Examination Committee Pharmaceutical Licensing committee

Frequently asked Questions (FAQ)

1. How do I get training in a Pharmaceutical Establishment in Oman? The training permission can be obtained in a Pharmaceutical Establishment if a request letter is made to Director, Pharmacy Dept, DGPA&DC, sugg gesting the name of the Establishment Branch and the address. Then, the Establishment will be instructed to give the candidate training for the req quired time. After successful completion of training, a duly filled form by the Pharmacist in charge of the Pharmaceutical Establishment where the candidate finished training should be signed and stamped should be submitt ted along with the application form. 2. How do I submit an application for appearing for licensing examination? Application should be submitted along with a covering letter addressed to the Director, Pharmacy Dept, DGPA&DC. An application can be made either by the applicant himself / herself or on behalf of him / her by their sponsor. (Refer to Examination Application form given on Page 588)

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3. What is the mode of the Licensing Examination? For pharmacists, Industrial pharmacists and assistant pharmacists, a written examination will be held, followed by an oral examination for those succ cessful in the written examination. The medical representative candidate will only appear for oral examination. 4. What is the examination fee structure? * Pharmacists 30 RO Medical representative 30 RO Industrial Pharmacist 30 RO Assistant Pharmacist 20 RO * Until any further change or notice NB: Omani candidates are exempted from the examination fees. 5. All I need to know about the payment of fees : a. The payment of examination fee must be made to the Finance Departm ment Ministry Of Health, Muscat. The Licensing section in the Pharm macy Department of DGPA & DC will issue the payment form to the candidate or the establishment. b. The payment should be made at least 3 working days before appearing for the Licensing Examination. c. Re examination fees after failure of written exam: Same fees as above d. Refund and Withdrawal : Non refundable e. There is no fee required for candidates who already passed the written exam and failed in the oral. 6. How many chances or attempts one could take once an application is made? A candidate has (3) attempts for written examination and once passed (3) attempts for oral examination.

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7. What would be the chance of the candidate who fails in all the 3 attempts in the written and oral examination? The candidate may reappear examination after a period of 6 months from the date of the last examination . For Omani candidates, they may take any number of attempts. NB: After each attempt, the candidate has to go for training before app pearing for his/ her next attempt, a training completion certificate to be submitted at the time of examination. 8. How often the DGPA&DC conduct these examinations? The DGPA& DC conducts these examinations once in every month. The written examination will be conducted on the first Saturday of eve ery month. If the first Saturday happens to be a holiday, then the next working Saturday will be the probable day of the written examination followed by the oral examination on the next working days, unless there is a notification made regarding the change of dates. 9. What about those who already took one attempt of written and oral examination the previous month? They will be sitting for written and oral examinations along with the other candidates and a schedule of their oral examination dates and timi ings would be put on the notice board of the DGPA&DC office. 10. Who is responsible for conducting the oral examination? Oral examination is conducted by Licensing Examination Committee. 11. What are the types of questions in the written examination? Majority of the questions would be objective type of any kind. For a look at the model examination question paper turn to page: 529 and 539.

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12. When can a candidate obtain the result of the examination? The result of the written examination will be declared on the second working day after the written examination, and the result will be displayed on the notice board of the DGPA&DC office. The result of the oral examination will be displayed on the notice board of the DGPA&DC office following the oral examination on the same day. 13. When can I obtain my license? License will be issued to the candidate for the specific Pharmaceuti cal Establishment after a. Finishing all Labor clearance process. b. Submission of Passport with Resident visa and Labor card. c. Paying the registration fees, with duly registration form along with 2 Passport size photograph. (Refer to Form on Page. ) 14. What is the registration fees structure? Pharmacists 50 RO Medical representative 50 RO Industrial Pharmacist 50 RO Assistant Pharmacist 30 RO * Until any further change or notice 15. What is the validity of a License once issued? It is initially issued for a period of 3 years or less as per the Pharmac ceucal Licensing Committee decision which is subject to renewal for the similar period as per the performance of the candidate.

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SECTION - I Multiple choice questions