Determination of Calcium Carbonate in Eggshells

Kianna Wan & Elvisha Dhamala

Standardization of NaOH
mKHC8H4O4
vi of NaOH
vf of NaOH
vreacted of NaOH

Trial 1
0.30 g
3.6 mL
17.4 mL
13.8 mL

Trial 2
0.30 g
30.7 mL
44.4 mL
13.7 mL

Trial 1:
cava = cbvb
na
= cbvb
ma/Ma
= cbvb
0.30g / 204.23g/mol = (cb)(13.8mL)
0.00146893 mol = (cb)(0.0138L)
cb
= 0.00146893 mol / 0.0138L
cb
= 0.1064 mol/L
Trial 2:
cava = cbvb
na
= cbvb
ma/Ma
= cbvb
0.30g / 204.23g/mol = (cb)(13.7mL)
0.00146893 mol = (cb)(0.0137L)
cb
= 0.00146893 mol / 0.0137L
cb
= 0.1072 mol/L
Trial 3:
cava = cbvb
na
= cbvb
ma/Ma
= cbvb
0.30g / 204.23g/mol = (cb)(13.9mL)
0.00146893 mol = (cb)(0.0139L)
cb
= 0.00146893 mol / 0.0139L
cb
= 0.1057 mol/L
Average Concentration of NaOH:
cavg
= (0.1064M+0.1072M+0.1057M)/3
= (0.3193M)/3
= 0.1064 mol/L
The average concentration of NaOH was 0.1064 mol/L.

Trial 3
0.30 g
28.9 mL
42.8 mL
13.9 mL

Back Titration
mCaCO3
vHCl added to
CaCO3
vi of NaOH
vf of NaOH
vreacted of NaOH

Trial 1
0.55 g
10 mL

Trial 2
0.55 g
10 mL

Trial 3
0.55 g
10 mL

13.4 mL
35.8 mL
22.4 mL

12.9 mL
37.3 mL
24.4 mL

13.2 mL
36.8 mL
23.6 mL

Hypothesis
According to research, the chicken eggshell is composed of 95-97% calcium
carbonate (the remainder consists of a protein matrix, which stabilizes the calcium
carbonate crystals).
Source: Romanoff, A.L., A.J. Romanoff (1949) The avian egg. New York, Wiley.

Analyzing & Interpreting

1. nHCl = cv
= (1 mol/L)(0.01 L)
= 0.01 mol
2. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) H20(l) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Trial 1:
nNaOH = cv
= (0.1064 mol/L)(0.0224 L)
= 0.00238 mol
nHCl = nNaOH
nHCl = 0.00238 mol
Trial 2:
nNaOH = cv
= (0.1064 mol/L)(0.0244 L)
= 0.00260 mol
nHCl = nNaOH
nHCl = 0.00260 mol
Trial 3:
nNaOH = cv
= (0.1064 mol/L)(0.0236 L)
= 0.00261 mol
nHCl = nNaOH
nHCl = 0.00251 mol
3. Trial 1:
nHCl reacted with CaCO3
Trial 2:
nHCl reacted with CaCO3

= nHCl total - nHCl reacted with NaOH

= 0.01 mol 0.00238 mol
= 0.00762 mol
= nHCl total - nHCl reacted with NaOH
= 0.01 mol 0.00260 mol

Trial 3:
nHCl reacted with CaCO3
4. 2 HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s)
5. Trial 1:
nCaCO3
mCaCO3
Trial 2:
nCaCO3
mCaCO3
Trial 3:
nCaCO3
mCaCO3

= 0.00740 mol
= nHCl total - nHCl reacted with NaOH
= 0.01 mol 0.00261 mol
= 0.00739 mol
Ca2+(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l) + 2 Cl-(aq)

= nHCl / 2
= 0.00762 mol / 2
= 0.0038 mol
= nM
= (0.0038 mol)(100.09 g/mol)
= 0.38 g
= nHCl / 2
= 0.00740 mol / 2
= 0.0037 mol
= nM
= (0.0037 mol)(100.09 g/mol)
= 0.37 g
= nHCl / 2
= 0.00739 mol / 2
= 0.0037 mol
= nM
= (0.0037 mol)(100.09 g/mol)
= 0.37 g

6. Trial 1:
mass%CaCO3 = (mCaCO3 reacted / mCaCO3 total) x 100
= (0.38 g / 0.55 g) x 100
= (0.691) x 100
= 69.1%
Trial 2:
mass%CaCO3 = (mCaCO3 reacted / mCaCO3 total) x 100
= (0.37 g / 0.55 g) x 100
= (0.673) x 100
= 67.3%
Trial 3:
mass%CaCO3 = (mCaCO3 reacted / mCaCO3 total) x 100
= (0.37 / 0.55 g) x 100
= (0.673) x 100
= 67.3%
Average Mass Percent of CaCO3:
mass%avg
= (69.1+67.3+67.3)/3
= (203.7)/3
= 67.9%
The average mass percent of CaCO3 in the eggshells used was 67.9%.

7.

Na2CO3(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) 2 NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

nHCl

= cv
= (0.100 mol/L)(28.65 cm3)
= (0.100 mol/L)(0.02865 L)
= 0.002865 mol
nNa2CO3 = nHCl/2
= (0.002865 mol/L)/2
= 0.0014325 mol
MNa2CO3 = [2(23.99) + 12.01 + 3(16.00)]g/mol = 105.99 g/mol
mNa2CO3 = nM
= (0.0014325 mol)(105.99g/mol)
= 0.151831 g
dwashing soda = m/V = 2.05 g/0.100 L = 20.5 g/L
mwashing soda reacted = dV = (20.5 g/L)(0.02000 L) = 0.41 g
%Na2CO3 = (mNaCO3 reacted / mwashing soda reacted) x 100%
= (0.151831 g / 0.41 g) x 100%
= 37.031872%
= 37%
Therefore, the mass percent of sodium carbonate in washing soda is 37%