Final Report - 8th Sem

Project Report on:
ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF A (S+5) RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT

INCLUDING SEISMIC EFFECT
Thesis Submitted by
Soumya Madhusmita(0811011004)
Ananya Pani(0811011009)
Aritri Pal(0811011029)
Manish Singh (0811011023)
Alok Panigrahi(0811011033)
Gourav Kumar(0711011052)
Sampurna Rout(0811011005)
in partial fulfilment for the award of the Degree of
B.Tech in Civil Engineering
Under the supervision of
Dr. S. K. Sahoo
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technical Education &

Research Siksha o Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar[2011-2012]
DECLARATION
We hereby declare that this submission is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge and
belief, it contains no material previously published or written by another person nor material which has
been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma of the university or other institute of higher
learning, except where due acknowledgment has been made in the text.
Place: Bhubaneswar
Date: 21-04-2012
NAME OF STUDENTS:
Manish Singh(0811011023)
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that thesis entitled Analysis & design of a( s+5) residential apartment including seismic
effect submitted by Soumya Madhusmita, Ananya Pani, Aritri Pal, Sampurna Rout,Manish Singh,Aiok
Panigrahi,Gaurav Kumar to Institute of Technical Education & Research, Siksha o Anusandhan
University, Bhubaneswar towards partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology
in Civil Engineering is a bonafide record of the work done in my supervision and guidance.
Date: 21-04-2012
Name of the Supervisor:

Dr.S.K.Sahoo
Professor, Dept. of CIVIL
Institute of Technical Education & Research
Siksha o Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar-751030.
ABSTRACT
Earthquakes are the natural hazards with high damage potential. However, by utilizing several
principles, it is possible to identify and minimise the resulting social and economic losses, which mainly
involve loss of human lives, damage to major industrial facilities, civil engineering structures and lifelines.
In the last decades many methodologies on seismic hazard analysis and damage prediction are
developed. In recent years, the development of structural design criteria for new structures and renewed
importance of the assessment of seismic vulnerability of existing under-designed buildings have broadened
the objectives of seismic design. While safety against collapse is still the main goal, performances in terms
of functionality and economy assumed a central role in the design criteria. Hence, a great effort has been
made to improve the current earthquake resistant design methods in order not only to avoid collapse under a
destructive earthquake but also to limit the damage under moderate earthquakes. Furthermore, the new
design philosophy is tending to multi-level probabilistic structural performance criteria, replacing
completely the simple force strength approach. However; the implementation of all these new concepts
requires the qualitative damage index and its measure.
We have two approaches for preparing buildings for earthquakes: you either secure the building components
(walls, floors, foundation, etc.) together and have the entire structure behave as a single stiff unit that moves
with the ground, or you construct a strong and flexible structure that distorts but doesn't break and absorbs
some of the shaking energy. Either approach can be expensive so we cannot build all our structures to
withstand the largest possible earthquake. The frequency of the shaking, the distance from the fault to
estimate the maximum level of shaking expected during the lifetime of a building. Constructing accurate
hazard maps is a challenge and remains the focus of much Geoscience research. Seismic design is carried
out by understanding the possible failure modes of a structure and providing the structure with appropriate
strength, stiffness, ductility, and configuration to ensure those modes cannot occur
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is matter of great pleasure for us to submit this project report on
ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF A S+5 RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT INCLUDING SEISMIC
EFFECTas a part of curriculum for award of Bachelor in Technology degree of Siksha O Anusandhan
University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa. We are thankful to our project guide Dr.S.K.Sahoo, professor Civil
Department for his constant encouragement and able guidance.
We are also thankful to Dr.Jaygopal Jena,Head of Civil Engineering Department for giving their full support
in completion in completion of the project.
We take this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude towards those, who have helped us in various
ways for preparing our project. At the last but not least, we are thankful to our parents, who had encouraged
and inspired us with their blessings.
Manish Singh(0811011023)
CONTENTS
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
Chapter 2: LITERATURE SURVEY
Chapter 3: EARTHQUAKE
3.1 CAUSES
3.2 CHARACTERISTIC
Chapter 4: PREPARING STRUCTURES FOR EARTHQUKE
4.1 INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES
Chapter 5: STEPS IN DESIGNING A STRUCTURE
Chapter 6: LOAD CALCULATION
Chapter 7: SEISMIC UDL ON BEAMS
Chapter 8: LOAD ON COLUMNS
Chapter 9: PORTAL ANALYSIS
Chapter 10: DUCTILE REINFORCEMENT CHECKING
Chapter 11:LOADS ON BEAMS-LIVE LOAD AND DEAD LOAD( axial and bending)
Chapter 12:LOADS ON COLUMNS- LIVE LOAD AND DEAD LOAD( axial and bending)
Chapter 13:MOMENT CALCULATION USING KANI'S METHOD
Chapter 14:DESIGN OF BEAMS
Chapter 15: DESIGN OF COLUMNS
Chapter 16: DESIGN OF SLAB
Chapter 17: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURE USING STAAD-PRO
Chapter18: CONCLUSION
Chapter19: REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION:
An earthquake is a sudden tremor or movement in the earths crust which originates naturally at or below the
surface causing huge destruction time to time. Earthquake is a wave-like motion on the earth surface caused
by the energy released due to dislocation of segments on earth crust. Earthquake is the most destructive
natural hazard that is unpredictable and can occur any time with sudden impact. There is no such type of
technology develop to get the alarm before earthquake. So it is better to learn to live safely by adopting
earthquake resistance technology.
The earth is divided into three main layers a hard outer crust, a soft middle crust, and a center core. The
outer crust is broken into massive irregular pieces called plates. These plates move very slowly, driven by
energy forces deep within the earth. Earthquakes occur when these moving plates grind and scrape against
each other. When the accumulated energy grows strong enough, the plates break free causing the ground to
shake.
Earthquake Engineering is the scientific field concerned with protecting society, the natural and the manmade environment from earthquakes by limiting the seismic risk to socio-economically acceptable levels.
Seismic design is carried out by understanding the possible failure modes of a structure and providing the
structure with appropriate strength, stiffness, ductility, and configuration to ensure those modes cannot
occur.
Problem statement :
DESIGNING AN EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT (S+ 5) RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT, INCLUDING
THE STUDY OF EFFECT OF WIND FORCE.
COMPARISION BETWEEN THE MANUAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN AND THE RESULTS OF
SOFTWARE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN.
LITERATURE SURVEY
INDIAN STANDARDS ON EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
Bureau of Indian standards, the National Standard Body of India, is a Statutory Organization under the
Bureau of Indian Standards Act 1986. One of the activity is formulation of Indian Standards on different
subjects of Engineering through various Division Councils. The Civil Engineering Division Council is
responsible for standardization in the field of Civil Engineering including Structural Engineering, Building
materials and components, Planning Design, Construction and Maintenance of Civil Engineering Structures,
Construction Practices, Safety in Building etc. These standards are evolved based on concensus principle
through a net work of technical committee comprising representatives from Research and Development
Organizations, Consumers, Industry, Testing Labs and Govt. Organizations etc.
The Civil Engineering Division Council is working towards to achieve the above goal through 34 Sectional
Committees covering wide range of subjects and one of the Sectional Committee is Earthquake Engineering
Sectional Committee, CED 39.
India is one of the most disaster prone countries, vulnerable to almost all natural and man made
disasters. About 85% area is vulnerable to one or multiple disasters and about 57% area is in high seismic
zone including the capital of the country. Disaster prevention involves engineering intervention in buildings
and structures to make them strong enough to withstand the impact of natural hazard or to impose
restrictions on land use so that the exposure of the society to the hazard situation is avoided or minimized.
Bureau of Indian Standards has rendered invaluable services by producing large number of national
standards, which are of direct relevance to the construction industry and some of them particular to the
mitigation of disasters. A detail of Indian Standards in the area of mitigation of natural hazard of earthquake
is given underneath.
Earthquake Engineering
Himalayan-Nagalushai region, Indo-Gangetic plain, Western India and Cutch and Kathiawar regions are
geologically unstable parts of the country and some devastating earthquakes of the world
have occurred there. A major part of peninsular India has also been visited by strong earthquakes, but these
were relatively few in number and had considerably lesser intensity. It has been a long felt need to
rationalize the earthquake resistant design and construction of structures taking into account seismic data
from studies of these earthquakes.
It is to serve this purpose that standards have been formulated in the field of Design and Construction of
Earthquake Resistant Structures and also in the field of measurement and tests connected therewith by the
Earthquake Engineering Sectional Committee, CED 39. Following standards have been formulated under
this Committee:
IS 1893:1984 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
This standard deals with earthquake resistant design of structures and is applicable to buildings; elevated
structures; bridges; dams etc. It also gives a map which divides the country into five seismic zones based on
the seismic intensity.
IS 1893 was initially published in 1962 as `Recommendations for Earthquake Resistant Design of
Structures and then revised in 1966. As a result of additional seismic data collected in India and further
knowledge and experience gained the standard was revised in 1970, 1975 and then in 1983.
Consequent to the publication of this standard on account of earthquakes in various parts of the country
including that in Uttar-Kashi, Latur and Bhuj and technological advancement in the field, the Sectional
Committee decided to revise the standard into five parts which deals with different types of structures:
Part 1 : General provisions and Buildings
Part 2 : Liquid Retaining Tanks Elevated and Ground supported
Part 3 : Bridges and Retaining Walls
Part 4 : Industrial Structures Including Stack Like Structures
Part 5 : Dams and Embankments
IS 1893(Part 1):2002 `Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures : Part 1 General provisions and
Buildings
This standard contains provisions that are general in nature and applicable to all structures. Also, it contains
provisions that are specific to buildings only. It covers general principles and design criteria, combinations,
design spectrum, main attributes of buildings, dynamic analysis, apart from seismic zoning map and seismic
coefficients of important towns, map showing epicenters, map showing tectonic features
and lithological map of India.
Following are the major and important modifications made in this revision:
a) The seismic zone map is revised with only four zones, instead of five. Erstwhile Zone I has been
merged to Zone II and hence Zone I does not appear in the new zoning; only Zones II, III, IV and V
do. The killari area has been included in Zone III and necessary modifications made, keeping in view the
probabilistic Hazard Evaluation. The Bellary isolated zone has been removed. The parts of eastern coast
area have shown similar hazard to that of the killari area, the level of Zone II has been enhanced to Zone III
and connected with Zone III of Godawari Graben area.
b) This revision adopts the procedure of first calculating the actual force that may be experienced by the
structure during the probable maximum earthquake, if it were to remain elastic. Then the concept of
response reduction due to ductile deformation or frictional energy dissipation in the cracks is brought into
the code explicity, by introducing the `response reduction factor in place of the earlier performance factor.
c)
The values of seismic zone factors have been changed; these now reflect more realistic values of
effective peak ground acceleration considering Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) and service life of
structure in each seismic zone.
d) A clause has been introduced to restrict the use of foundations vulnerable to differential settlements in
severe seismic zones.
Here it is worthwhile to mention that it is not intended in this standard to lay down regulation so that no
structure shall suffer any damage during earthquake of all magnitudes. It has been endeavoured to ensure
that as far as, possible structures are able to respond, without structural damage to shocks of moderate
intensities and without total collapse to shocks of heavy intensities.
IS 13920:1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces Code of
Practice
This standard covers the requirements for designing and detailing of monolithic reinforced concrete
buildings so as to give them adequate toughness and ductility to resist severe earthquake shocks without
collapse.
The provisions for reinforced concrete construction given in this standard apply specifically to monolithic
reinforced concrete construction. Precast and/or prestressedconcrete members may be used only if they can
provide the same level of ductility as that of a monolithic reinforced concrete construction during or after an
earthquake.Provisions on minimum and maximum reinforcement have been elaborated which includes the
requirements for beams at longitudinal reinforcement in beams at joint face, splices and anchorage
requirements. Provisions have been included for calculation of design shear force and for detailing of
transverse reinforcement in beams.Material specifications are indicated for lateral force resisting elements of
frames. The provisions are also given for detailing of reinforcement in the wall web, boundary elements,
coupling beams, around openings, at construction joints, and for the development, splicing and anchorage of
reinforcement.
CAUSES OF EARTHQUAKE
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
Interior of earth known as geosphere is nothing but the sequence of shells or layers as under.The
layers are:
LITHOSPHERE: Topmost layer of earth crust consisting of rigid materials.
ANESTHOSPHERE: Popularly known as mantle and is in viscous state.
OUTER CORE: It is in state of hot,molten liquid form.
INNER CORE: It is in hard state consisting of metal-like iron and nickel and some radio-active
elements.
Core of earth
The mantle slides under the crust and over the outer due to the energy from the convention current.
This convective motion of mantle causes cracking of the crust dividing the crust into numerous
pieces called plates.
These plates are under constant motion in all direction and are known as tectonic plates. However
,some plates near the moving plates are stationary. These plates are joined together by small forces.
After the passage of time, these stationary plates get disturbed due to continuous sliding and collision
of adjacent moving plates,weakening the bonding mess under sudden jerk and increase of vertical
loads over these plates, causing sudden failure of the joints with release of large amount of energy.
CAUSES OF EARTHQUAKE:
The cause can be best explained with the help of the following two theories:
i.
PLATE TECTONIC THEORY
ii.
ELASTIC REBOUND THEORY
1) PLATE TECTONIC THEORY:
The tectonic plates either :
pull away from each other
push against each other
slide sideways relative to each other
All these movements cause earthquake.
2) ELASTIC REBOUND THEORY:
The theory of elasticity says that the crust is continuously stressed by the movement of
tectonic plates.
It finally reaches a point of maximum permissible stress after which rupture of ground
surface occurs and generate seismic waves.
CHARACTERISTICS:
The ground shaking is caused by two type of waves:body waves and surface waves.
The body waves are :P-waves and S-waves.
The surface waves are:Love waves and Rayleigh waves.
The P-waves vibrate in the direction of propagation whereas the S-waves vibrate in the direction
transverse to the direction of propagation.
The love-waves vibrate sideways in horizontal plane whereas the Rayleigh waves are quite
complex in nature and are partly in the direction of motion and partly at right angle to the direction
of propagation and elliptical in vertical plane.
Some other causes are:
1. Landslides and Liquefaction
Buildings aren't the only thing to fail under the stresses of seismic waves. Often unstable regions of hillsides
or mountains fail. In addition to the obvious hazard posed by large landslides, even non lethal slides can
cause problems when they block highways they can be inconvenient or cause problems for emergency and
rescue operations.
Occasionally large landslides can be triggered by earthquakes. In 1970 an earthquake off the coast of Peru
produced a landslide than began 80 miles away from the earthquake. The slide was large (witnesses
estimated it's height at about 30 meters or 100 feet), travelled at more than one-hundred miles per hour and
lowed through part of one village and annihilated another, killing more than 18,000 people.
2. Volcanic-Eruptions
When volcanoes erupt it is because the molten magma under the crust of the earth is under enormous
pressure and to release that pressure it looks for an opening and exerts pressure on the earth's crust
and the plate in turn. A place, which is the seat of an active volcano, is often prone to earthquakes as
well because the pressure that is exerted by the magma exceeds the limit these plates move and that
causes earthquakes. Earthquakes are also caused after a volcanic eruption since the eruption also
leads to a disturbance in the position of plates, which either move further or resettle and can result
into severe or light tremors.
The excessive exploitation of earth's resources for our own benefits like building dams to store large
volumes of water and blasting rocks and mountains to build bridges and roads is also the reason
behind such natural disruptions.
3. Tsunamis
Tsunamis are initiated by a sudden displacement of the ocean, commonly caused by vertical
deformation of the ocean floor during earthquakes. Other causes such as deformation by landslides
and volcanic processes also generate tsunamis.
When a tsunami approaches the shore, the water depth decreases, the front of the wave slows down,
the wave grows dramatically, and surges on land.
PREPARING STRUCTURES FOR EARTHQUAKE

The first step in preparing structures for shaking is to understand how buildings respond to ground motionsthis is the field of study for earthquake and structural engineers.
When the ground shakes, buildings respond to
the accelerations transmitted from the ground
through the structure's foundation. The inertia
of the building (it wants to stay at rest) can
cause shearing of the structure which can
concentrate stresses on the weak walls or joints
in the structure resulting in failure or perhaps
total collapse. The type of shaking and the
frequency of shaking depends on the structure.
Tall buildings tend to amplify the motions of
longer period motions when compared with
small buildings. Each structure has a resonance
frequency that is characteristic of the building.
Predicting the precise behavior of buildings is
complicated, a rule of thumb is
that the period of resonance is about equal to 0.1 times the number of stories in the structure. Thus
Macelwane Hall resonates at about 0.3 seconds period, and Griesedeck at about 1.4 seconds .
Seismic design requirements depend on the type of the structure, locality of the project and its
authorities which stipulate applicable seismic design codes and criteria.Innovative seismic performance
based approach.The most significant feature in the SDC design philosophy is a shift from a force-based
assessment of seismic demand to a displacement-based assessment of demand and capacity. Thus, the
newly adopted displacement approach is based on comparing the elastic displacement demand to the
inelastic displacement capacity of the primary structural components while ensuring a minimum level of
inelastic capacity at all potential plastic hinge locations.
In addition to the designed structure itself, seismic design requirements may include a ground
stabilization underneath the structure: sometimes, heavily shaken ground breaks up which leads to floor
diaphragms. Separation between the framing and the walls can jeopardize the vertical support of roof
and floor systems.
Strengthening Structures
We have two approaches for preparing buildings for earthquakes: you either secure the building components
(walls, floors, foundation, etc.) together and have the entire structure behave as a single stiff unit that moves
with the ground, or you construct a strong and flexible structure that distorts but doesn't break and absorbs
some of the shaking energy. Either approach can be expensive so we cannot build all our structures to
withstand the largest possible earthquake. We must make compromises and accept some risk (this is not
unlike the risks that we accept every day, driving on a freeway, flying in an airplane, living in flood-prone
regions, tornado "alley", hurricane-prone regions, etc.)
More general requirements for other structure include having our buildings
Sustain little damage in small-to-moderate quakes (M < 5.5)

Sustain some repairable damage for moderate quakes (5.5 < M < 7.0)
Not collapse in large earthquakes (M > 7.0)
To insure that we meet these goals we can take a number of steps, beginning with thoughtful and responsible
planning and zoning laws. Since we know that sites with soft, water-saturated foundations are prone to
damage, we should resist the temptation to build on those sits and we should certainly not put critical
structures on such sites, and avoid building on these sites at all if possible. If that's not possible, try to
compact the soft sediments before the constructing or anchor the structure in the basement.
We can take a number of steps to strengthen buildings including using steel frame construction, adequately
securing the structure to the ground through a solid foundation, incorporating shear walls and or crossbracing into the structure, or more sophisticated approaches such as using rubber or steel pads to isolate the
structure from the shaking.
Earthquake-Resistant construction
Earthquake construction means implementation of seismic design to enable building and non-building
structures to live through the anticipated earthquake exposure up to the expectations and in compliance
with the applicable to building codes. Older buildings are more prone to earthquake damage.
Seismic performance defines a structure's ability to sustain its due functions, such as its safety and
serviceability, at and after a particular earthquake exposure. A structure is, normally, considered safe if it
does not endanger the lives and well-being of those in or around it by partially or completely collapsing. A
structure may be considered serviceable if it is able to fulfill its operational functions for which it was
designed.
Basic concepts of the earthquake engineering, implemented in the major building codes, assume that a
building should survive a rare, very severe earthquake by sustaining significant damage but without globally
collapsing.On the other hand, it should remain operational for more frequent, but less severe seismic events.
In January of 2010, a massive earthquake hit a heavily populated area of Haiti. Hundreds of thousands of
people were injured or killed by the earthquake. The catastrophic death toll was mainly attributed to
structural failures and the island nation's lack of a seismic building code. Today, civil engineers are
developing new techniques that employ shock absorbers to minimize the effects of large-scale seismic
activity.
INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES TO MAKE OUR BUILDINGS EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT
Traditionally, it has been narrowly defined as the study of the behavior of structures and geo-structures
subject to seismic loading, thus considered as a subset of both structural and geotechnical engineering.
However, the tremendous costs experienced in recent earthquakes have led to an expansion of its scope to
encompass disciplines from the wider field of civil engineering and from the social sciences, especially
sociology, political sciences, economics and finance.
The main objectives of earthquake engineering are:

Estimating the potential consequences of strong earthquakes on urban areas and civil infrastructure.
Design, construct and maintain structures to perform at earthquake exposure up to the expectations
and in compliance with building codes
A properly engineered structure does not necessarily have to be extremely strong or expensive. It has to be
properly designed to withstand the seismic effects while sustaining an acceptable level of damage.
Seismic performance defines a structure's ability to sustain its due functions, such as its safety and
serviceability, at and after a particular earthquake exposure.
STEPS IN DESIGING A STRUCTURE:

1. Preparation of the structure conceptualization with respect to beam and column positioning.
COLUMN POSITIONING:
Economical spacing
Column free habitable areas
Facilitate comfortable parking of vehicles
Each column should be tied by beams on both sides
BEAM POSITIONING:
Beam should not exist in habitable space
Beams shall be provided under each walls and partitions
Beams should connect the columns in both directions
2. Calculation of slab-thickness
Depending upon the deflection criteria, the code recommends span to depth ratio as given under :
L/d=20Modification factor(for simply supported beam)
=26 Modification factor(for fixed span)
=7 Modification factor(for cantilever span)
In our case,the slab is a part of framed structure, casted monolithically with beams,which behaves as
a continuous beam.
Hence, L/d=26 Modification factor
Lets assume, d=D
Modification factor calculation:
For 1 way slab=1.7 to 1.85
For 2 way slab=1.35 to 1.5
3. BEAM-SIZE CALCULATION
Minimum width of beam=200mm or L/60 or maximum wall thickness,whichever is more.
Beam depth=It is taken 30mm for 0.3m length of beam
CHECK:
Width to depth ratio=b/D>=0.3
4. COLUMN-SIZE CALCULATION
Minimum width(b)=200mm(if the spacing is between 5m)
=300mm(if spacing exceeds 5m)
Here,width to depth ratio>=0.4
LOAD CALCULATION:
a) Floor load= dead load + live load
Dead load
Assuming slab thickness from 2 way slab, minimum slab thickness = 100 mm
-Self weight of slab = thickness x unit wt. Of RCC= 0.1*25=2.5 kN/m2
-Floor finish (assume equivalent to 50 mm thick PCC)= 0.05 x 24
= 1.2 kN/m2
Total Dead load = 3.7 kN/m2
Live load (for residential occupancy)= 2kN/m2
Total Floor load = 5.7 KN/m2
b) Roof load
Dead load
Self weight of slab = 2.5 kN/m2
Wt of roof terrace in form of grading concrete = 1.2 kN/m2
Live load = 1.5 kN/m2
Total Roof load = 5.2 kN/m2
c) Seismic floor load
CODE 24: 7.4.1
Mix consists of (full dead load + 25% of live load upto 3 kN/m2 or 50% of live load for 4
kN/m2)
Total dead load =3.7 kN/m2
% of live load =25% of 2 kN/m2= 0.5 kN/m2
Total = 4.2 kN/m2
d) Seismic roof load
Full dead load = 3.7 kN/m2
% of live load = 0
Total = 3.7 kN/m2
e) Uniformly distributed load (UDL) on the stair case waist slab:
Provide 150 mm thick waist slab.
Dead load
Dead load in inclined or sloping portion :
1 self wt of waist slab = 3.75 kN/m2
2
3
wt of PCC steps = 1.8 kN/ m2

wt of floor finish = 1.2 kN/m2
Total = 6.75 kN/m2 (acting in inclined plane )
Assuming each step as 0.3 m.
Load magnitude in horizontal = 7.77 kN/m2
Dead load on landing portion:
1 self wt of waist slab = 3.75 kN/m2
2 floor finish= 1.2kN/m2
total = 4.15 kN/m2
Live load
IS 875- part 2 live load = 3 KN/m2
f) Seismic distributed loads on staircase
Inclined portion = total load on horizontal plane + % of live load = 8.45kN/m2
Landing portion = dead load + % live load = 4.95+ 0.75 = 5.7 kn/m2
g) Uniformly distributed loads on machine room
Assume slab thickness for machine room floor is 150 mm.
Machine room is under continuous forced vibration.
Dead load
Self weight + floor finish = 3.75 + 1.2 = 4.95kN/m2
Live load
IS 875 Part 2 for light machine
Live load = 5 kN/ m2
Total = 10 kN/m2
h) Seismic distributed load on lift machine room floor
Full dead load = 4.95 kN/m2

Live load ( 50%) = 5 kN/m2
Total = 10 kN/m2
i) Load on over head water tank

Quantity of water:
Average water demand = 135 l/day/capita
No. Of dwelling units of flats = 20
No. Of persons per flat = 5
Total no of people =100
Total water demand per day = 135 x 100 = 13500 say 15000 l
Considering 2 times supply per day ,
Capacity of water tank= 7500 l
Plan area of water tank = 4.325 x 2.625
Volume= capacity= 7.5 cumecs= 4.325 x 2.625 x h
H= 0.77 m
Provide h= 1m
Adding free board= 200 mm, total depth of water tank = 1.2 m
Assuming tank base slab= 150 mm thick
Dead load = self weight of base slab + inside finishes
= 3.75 + 1.2 = 4.95 kN/m2
Weight of water per square metre = 1.2 x 10= 12 kN/m2
j) Seismic distributed loads on water tank base slab
Dead load= 4.95 kN/m2
Live load( 50%) = 6 kn/m2
Total = 11 kN/m2
k) Weight of walls and partitions
Weight of 250 mm thick wall

Height of wall = 3 0.45 = 2.55 kN
# weight of brick masonry = 0.25 x 2.55 x1 x19.2 = 12.24 kn/m2
# weight of cement plaster= 2 x 0.012 x 2.55 x1 x 20 = 1.2 kN/m
Total= 13.44 kN/m
Weight of 125 mm thick wall

# weight of brick masonry= 0.125 x2.55x1x19.2= 6.1kN/m
# weight of cement plaster = 1.2 kN/m
Total =7.3 kN/m
Weight of parapet wall ( 1 m high)

# weight of brick masonry = 4.8 kN/m
# weight of cement plaster= 0.48 kN/m
Total= 5.28 kn/m
EQUIVALENT DISTRIBUTED SEISMIC WEIGHT ON BEAM TO

EVALUATE SEISMIC WEIGHT OF FLOORS AND ROOFS:
Considering an example, as given below
B5
B7
B4
Area= (length along x-axis) x (length along y-axis)
Total load on B5 = x W x
Superimposed Load per running meter =
Superimposed Load on B1 and B4( per running meter) =
B5 is the shorter span so the load acting on it is triangular in nature.
The load acting on B4 is trapezoidal in nature.
In the case on B6 the load from left and right panels is to be considered. The larger load value is
kN/m
finally considered.
o For beam B1
Superimposed Load from left panel-1 = 1.708kN/m
Superimposed Load from left panel-2 = 2.37 kN/m
Providing value of higher load =2.37 kN/m
Weight of wall(250mm thick) = 13.44 kN/m
Self weight of beam=2.5kN/m
Total load per running meter=18.31kN/m
o For beam B2
Superimposed Load from left panel = 1.26kN/m
Superimposed Load from right panel = 3.7 kN/m
Providing value of higher load =3.7 kN/m
Weight of wall= 7.3 kN/m
Self weight of beam= 2.5 kN/m
Total load per running meter= 13.5 kN/m
Again superimposed load from left panel = 3kn/m, load from right panel =1.8 kN/m,
Considering higher value =3 kN/m
Final load on B2= 16.5 kN/m

o For beam B3
Superimposed load from left panel = 3.6 kN/m
Weight of wall( 250 mm thick) = 13.4 kN/m
Self weight =2.5 kN/m
Total load per running meter = 19.5 kN/m
o For beam B4
Superimposed Load from left panel = 4.67 kN/m
Total superimposed load = 7.71 kN/m
Weight of wall(125mm thick) =7.3 kN/m
Self weight of beam= 2.5 kN/m
Total load per running meter=17.5 kN/m
o For beam B5
Superimposed Load from left span and right span= 7.3 kN/m
Self weight of beam = 2.5 kN/m
o For beam B6
Weight of wall ( 125 mm thick) = 7.3 kN/m
o For beam B7
Superimposed Load from left span and right span= 2 kn/m
Weight of wall(125 mm thick) = 7.3 kN/m
o For beam B8
Superimposed Load = 3.36 kN/m
Weight of wall (125 mm thick)= 7.3 kN/m
o For beam B9
Weight of wall ( 125mm thick) = 7.3 kN/m

o For beam B10
Weight of wall ( 125 thick ) = 7.3 kN/m
o For beam B11
o For beam B12
Superimposed Load from left span and right span= 4.6 kn/m
Weight of wall ( 125 mm thick)= 7.3 kN/m
o For beam B13
o For beam B14
Total load per running meter= 20 kN/m
o For beam B15
Total load per running meter = 20 kN/m
o For beam B16

Weight of wall (125mm thick)= 7.3 kN/m
Total load per running meter= 15 kN/m
o For beam B17
o For beam B18
Providing total load =3.897kN/m
Weight of wall (250mm thick) = 13.44 kN/m
Total load per running meter=19.83kN/m=20kN/m
o For beam B19
Total load per running meter=22.97kN/m=23kN/m
o For beam B20
o For beam B21
Self weight of beam = 2.5 kn/m
o For beam B22

o For beam B23
o For beam B24
o For beam B25
Total superimposed load = 3 kN/m
o For beam B26
Superimposed load = 1.9 kN/m
Self weight of beam = 2.5kN/m
o For beam B27
o For beam B28
o For beam B29
Superimposed load = 3 kN/m

o For beam B30
o For beam B31
o For beam B32
Superimposed Load from right panel = 1.89kN/m
o For beam B33
o For beam B36
o For beam B37

o For beam B38
Total superimposed load = 2.23
Total load per running meter = 12.03kN/m
o For beam B39
Total superimposed load = kN/m
Weight of wall ( 250 mm thick) = kN/m
Self weight of beam = kn/m
Total load per running meter = kN/m
LOAD ON COLUMNS
Lump masses at column points( discrete points)
5
4
2
1
LOAD ON COLUMN C1
Supported by beams B1 and B3
Load from B1= 65.15 KN ----- 1
Load from B3 = 74 kN
-------2
Total load on column C1 per floor = 1 + 2 = 140 kN

Total load from all floors = 140 x 5 = 700 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C2
Supported by beams B3, B5, B14
Load from B3= 52.47 kN --------- 1
Load from B5 = 76.44 KN --------2
Load from B14= 31.5 kN ---------3
Total load on column C2 per floor= 1 +2 +3= 160.41 kN
Total load on column C2= 802.05 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C3
Supported by beams B15 & B14
Load from B14= 31.5 kN --------- 1
Load from B15 = 32.23 KN --------2
Total load on column C3 per floor= 1 +2 = 63.37 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C4
Supported by beams B32, B15, B35, B33
Load from B32= 12.24 kN --------- 1
Load from B15 = 84.67 KN --------2
Load from B35= 47.7 kN
---------3
Load from B33= 33.20 kN ------------4
Total load on column C4 per floor= 1 +2 +3 +4= 130.11 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C5
Load from B35= 38.72 kN --------- 1
Load from B5 = 65.60 KN --------2
Load from B4= 47.6 kN ---------3
LOAD ON COLUMN C6
Load from B1= 83.49 kN --------- 1
Load from B4 = 53.83 KN --------2
Load from B7= 17.7 kN ---------3
Total load on column C6 per floor= 1+2+3= 155.02 kN

Total load on column C6 = 775.1 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C7
Load from B7 = 7.08 KN
Load from B6 = 36.7 kN
--------- 1
--------2
---------3

Total load on column C7 = 321.76 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C8
Load from B18= 36 kN --------- 1
Load from B19 = 43.54 KN --------2
---------3
LOAD ON COLUMN C9
Load from B20= 18.5 kN --------- 1
Load from B19 = 33 KN --------2
Load from B33= 45 kN ---------3
Total load on column C9 per floor= 1 +2 +3= 96.5kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C10
Supported by beams B36, B20, B21, B24
Load from B36= 17.75 kN --------- 1
Load from B20 = 18.5 KN --------2
Load from B21= 33.68 kN ---------3
Load from B24 = 75.36 kN -----------4
Total load on column C10 per floor= 1 +2 +3 +4 = 145.3 kN
LOAD ON COLUMN C11
Load from B18= 17.75 kN --------- 1
Load from B21 = 33.68 KN --------2
Load from B22= 79.05 kN ---------3

LOAD ON COLUMN C12
Supported by beams B9, B10
Load from B9= 34.9 kN --------- 1
Load from B10 = 262.22 KN --------2
LOAD ON COLUMN C13
Supported by beams B8, B9
Load from B8= 41.125kN
Load from B9 = 76.57KN
--------- 1
--------2

PORTAL ANALYSIS
DATA :
Beam size = 250 x 450 mm
Column size = 400 x 400 mm
Slab thickness = 150 mm
Floor finish = 50 mm
SEISMIC WEIGHT CALCULATION :
A) Seismic floor weight :
Dead load = 3.75 kN/
Weight of floor finish = 1.2 kN/
Total =4.95 kN/
Appropriate live load = 50% of LL= 2 kN/
Total seismic floor weight = 6.95 kN/
B) Seismic UDL ( equivalent uniformly distributed load )
Supported on C4, C5, C6
Beam
B1
B4
UDL from beam ( kN/m)

18.31
17.5
Length in m
5.25
4.8
B5
B7
B15
B32
B33
B35
17.1
11.8
20
13.6
20.5
16.32
SEISMIC WEIGHT IN COLUMN AT EACH STOREY

>> WEIGHT ON C6
Weight from B1= 48 kN
Weight from B7 = 35.4 kN
Weight from B4 = 42 kN
Self weight of column = 12 kN
Total seismic weight = 138 kN
>> WEIGHT ON C5
Weight from B4= 42 kN
Weight from B35 = 24.48kN
>> WEIGHT ON C4
Weight from B32 = 12.24kN
Total seismic weight = W =W1+ W2+W3+W4+W5+W6 = 2892 KN

Base shear =
Calculation of
Z= 0.16 for zone 3 ( table 2 IS 1893)

I= 1 (ordinary building)
R= 5 (SMRF)
5.225
3
5.51
1.8
3
3
FRAME 2-2
Where W1, W2,W3,W4,W5,W6 are seismic weight of each storey
Calculation of time period:

h= height of building =(3 x 6) = 18m
d= base direction at right angle to the direction of earthquake =10 m
= 0.512
Now, referring to figure 2 of IS1893 (page 16) ( assuming medium soil)
= 2.5
2.5 = 0.04
Base shear
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF BASE SHEAR:

Horizontal force on each storey =
i= storey number
Storey
1
2
Horizontal forces in kN
1.27
5.09
3
4
5
6
11.47
20.39
31.86
45.89
Check:
LHS= Q1 + Q2+ Q3+ Q4+ Q5 + Q6 = 115.97 kN
RHS= =116 kN
LHS = RHS (O.K)
ANALYSIS FOR HORIZONTAL FORCES

Methods:
1) Portal method
2) Cantilever method
3) Factor method
We adopt the portal method, where,
Hinges are at the centre
Horizontal shear intermediate points = 2 ( horizontal shear at end
PORTAL METHOD:
Horizontal forces acting at each storey
Horizontal shear forces:

For ground floor , 4p = 116, p= 29 kN
For first storey, 4q = 114.7 , q= 28.6 kN
For second storey , 4r = 109.6, r=27.4 kN
For third storey , 4s= 98.14, s= 24.5 kN
For fourth storey, 4t = 77.7, t= 19.4 kN
For fifth storey, 4u= 45.89, u= 11.45 kN
BENDING MOMENT CALCULATION:

JOINT A
M(A-1) = 87 kN
M( A-4) = 85.8 kN
M( A-29) = 172.8 KN
JOINT B
M(B-2) = 174 kN
M( B-5) = 171.6 kN
M(B-29) = 87 KN
M(B-30) = 87 kN
JOINT C
M(C-6) = 87 kN
M( C-30) = 85.8 kN
M( C-3) = 172.8 KN
JOINT F
M(F-9) = 41.1 kN
M( F-4) = 42.9 kN
M( F-27) = 84 KN
JOINT E
M(E-8) = 82.2 kN
M( E-5) = 85.8 kN
M(E-27 ) =168 KN
M( E-28) = 168 kN
JOINT D
M(D-7) = 41.1 kN
M( D-6) = 42.9 kN
M( D-28) = 84 KN
JOINT I
M(I-12) = 73.5 kN
M( I-9) = 82.2 kN
M( I-25) = 155.7 KN
JOINT H
M(H-11) =73.5 kN
M( H-8) = 82.2 kN
M( H-25) = 77.85 KN
JOINT G
M(G-10) = 73.5 kN
M( G-7) = 82.2 kN
M( G-26) = 155.7 KN
JOINT L
M(L-15) = 58.2 kN
M( L-12) = 73.5 kN
M( L-23) = 131.7 KN
JOINT K
M(K-14) = 116.4 kN
M( K-11) = 147 kN
M( L-24) = 263.4 KN
JOINT J
M(J-13) = 58.2 kN
M( J- 10) = 73.5 kN
M( J-24) = 131.7 KN
JOINT O
M(O-18) = 34.35 kN
M( O-15) = 58.2 kN
M( 0-21) = 92.55 KN
JOINT N
M(N-17) = 68.7 kN
M( N-14) = 116.4 kN
M( N-21) = 92.55KN
JOINT M
M(M-16) = 34.35 kN
M( M-13) = 58.2 kN
M( M-22) = 92.55 KN
JOINT R
M(R-18) = 34.35 kN
M( R-19) = 34.35 kN
JOINT Q
M(Q-17) = 68.7 kN
M( Q-20) = 34.5 kN
M( Q-19) = 34.35 KN
JOINT P
M(P-10) = 34.35 kN
M(P-16) = 34.35 kN
PORTAL FRAME ANALYSIS

W = total seismic load
= w1+ w2 +w3 +w4 +w5 +w6
= 806.51 * 6
= 4839.06 kN
Base shear, VB = 4839.06 * Ah = 193.56
Au = 0.04
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VB
Q1 = VB*(w1h1/wihi)
= 193.56* ((3) ^2/819)
= 2.127kN
Q2 = 193.56* ((6) ^2/819)
= 8.50kN
Q3 = 193.56* ((9) ^2/819)
= 19.14kN
Q4 = 193.56* ((12) ^2/819)
= 34.05kN
Q5 = 193.56* ((15) ^2/819)
= 53.15kN
Q6 = 193.56*((18) ^2/819)
= 76.57kN
VB = Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5+Q6 = 193.53kN
12u = 76.57, u = 6.38kN
12t = 129.72, t = 10.81kN
12s = 168.77, s = 14.06kN
12r = 187.91, r = 15.67 kN
12q = 196.41, q = 16.36 kN
12p = 198.53, p = 16.54 kN
BENDING MOMENT
Joint A & Joint G
N14
N8
N(A-N14) = NG-N20 = q*1.5 = 24.54 kNm

NA-N8 = NG-N13 = 1.5q+1.5 = 49.08 kNm
NA-N1 = NG-N7 =p*1.5 = 24.54 kNm
Joint H & Joint N

NH-N4 = NN-N20 = q*1.5 = 23.54 kNm
NH-N27 = NN-N32 = 1.5r = 23.5 kNm
NH-N21 = NN-N26 = 1.5(r+q) = 48.04 kNm
Joint O & U
NO-N27 = NU-N32 = r1.5 =23.5 kNm
NO-N34 = NU-N39 = 1.5(r+s) = 44.62 kNm
NO-N46 = NU-N40 = 1.5s = 21.12 kNm
Joint V & B1
NV-N46 = NB1-N40 = 1.5s = 21.12 kNm
NV-N68 = NB1-N62 = 1.5t = 16.21 kNm
NV-N47 = NB1-N61 = 1.5(s+t) = 37.33 kNm

Joint C1 & I1
NC1-N68 = NI1-N62 = 1.5t = 16.21 kNm
NC1-N81 = NI1-N62 = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm
NC1-N81 = NI1-N74 = 1.5(t+u) = 25.78 kNm
Joint J1 &Q1
NJ1-N81 = NQ1-N75 = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm
NJ1-N82 = NQ1-N87 = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm
Joint B,C,D,E & F
NB-N8 = NB-N9 = 1.5(p+q)/2 = 24.54 kNm
NB-N15 = 1.5q = 24.54 kNm
NB-N2 = 1.5p = 24.54 kNm
Joint I, J,K,L,M & N
NI-N15 = 1.5q = 24.54 kNm
NI-N27 = 1.5r = 23.5 kNm
NI-N21 = NI-N22 = 1.5(q+r)/2 = 24.02 kNm
Joint P Q R S T
N(P-N27) = 1.5r = 23.5 kNm
N(P-N34) = N(P-N35) = 1.5(r+s)/2 = 22.31 kNm
N(P-N35) = 1.5s = 21.12 kNm
Joint W X Y Z A1
N(W-N67) = 1.5t = 16.21 kNm
N(W-N45) = 1.5s = 21.12 kNm
N(W-N48) = N(W-N47) = 1.5(s+t)/2 = 18.67 kNm
Joint K1 M1 N1 O1 P1
N(K1-N82) = N(K1-N83) = 1.5u/2 = 4.78 kNm
N(K1-N80) = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm
N(N1-N83) = N(M1-N84) = 1.5u/2 = 4.78 kNm
N(N1-N79) = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm

Joint D1 E1 F1 G1 H1
N(D1-N80) = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm
N(D1-N67) = 1.5t = 16.21 kNm
N(D1-N69) =N(D1-N70) = 1.5(u+t)/2 = 12.89 kNm
FRAME 6-6
W = W1+W2+W3+W4+W5+W6
= 725.26*6
= 4351.56 kN
VB = 4351.56*0.04 =174.0624kN
VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VB
Q1 = 174.06*((3) ^2/819) =1.91 kN
Q2= 174.06*((6) ^2/819) =7.65 kN
Q3= 174.06*((9) ^2/819) = 17.21 kN
Q4= 174.06*((12) ^2/819) =30.6 kN
Q5= 174.06*((15) ^2/819) =47.81 kN
Q6= 174.06*((18) ^2/819) =68.85 kN
VB = Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4+Q5+Q6 =174.1 kN
12u= 68.85,
u = 5.73 kN
12t= 116.66, t = 9.72 kN

12s= 147.26, s = 12.27 kN
12r= 164.47, r = 13.7 kN
12q= 172.12, q = 14.34 kN
12p= 173.04, p = 14.42 kN
BENDING MOMENTS
Joint A &G
N(A-N14) = N(G-N20) = 1.5q = 21.51 kNm
N(A-N8) = N(G-N13) = 1.5(p+q) = 42.78 kNm
N(A-N1) = N(G-N7) = 1.5p = 21.63 kNm
Joint H & N
N(H-N4) = N(N-N20) = 1.5q = 21.51 kNm
N(H-N27) = N(N-N32) = 1.5r = 20.55 kNm
N(H-N21) = N(N-N26) = 1.5(r+q) = 42.06 kNm
Joint O & U
N(O-N27) = N(U-N32) = 1.5r = 20.55 kNm
N(O-N34) = N(U-N39) = 1.5(s+r) = 59.5 kNm
N(O-N46) = N(U-N40) = 1.5s = 38.9 kNm
Joint V & B1
N(V-N46) = N(B1-N40) = 1.5s = 18.4 kNm
N(V-N68) = N(B1-N62) = 1.5t = 14.58 kNm
N(V-N47) = N(B1-N61) = 1.5(s+t) = 32.98 kNm
Joint C1 & I1
N(C1-N68) = N(I1-N62) = 1.5t = 14.88 kNm
N(C1-N81) = N(I1-N75) = 1.5u = 8.59 kNm
N(C1-N69) = N(I1-N74) = 1.5(t+u) = 23.475 kNm
Joint J1 & Q1
N(J1-N81) = N(Q1-N75) = 1.5u = 8.59 kNm
N(J1-N82) = N(Q1-N87) = 1.5u = 8.59 kNm
Joint B C D E F
N(B-N8) = N (B-N9) = 1.5(p+q)/2 = 21.5 kNm
N(B-N15) = 1.5q = 21.51 kNm
N(B-N2) = 1.5p = 21.63 kNm
Joint I J K L M N
N(I-N15) = 1.5q = 51.51 kNm
N(I-N27) = 1.5r = 20.55 kNm
N(I-N21) = N(I-N22) = 1.5(q+r)/2 = 21.5 kNm
ANALYSIS AS PER IS13920:1993 FOR DUCTILE

DETAILING OF THE (s+5) CONCRETE
BUILDING
FLEXURAL MEMBERS
General:
These requirements apply to frame members resisting earthquake induced forces and designed to resist
flexure. These members shall satisfy the following requirements.
1)
2)
3)
4)
The factored axial stress on the member under earthquake loading shall not exceed 0.1f ck.
The member shall preferably have a width-to-depth ratio more than 0.3.
The width of the member shall not be less than 200mm.
The depth D of the member shall preferably be not more than of the clear span.
Longitudinal/Flexural/Main Reinforcement:
1) (a) The top as well as bottom reinforcement should consist of at least two bars throughout the
member length.
(b) The tension steel ratio on any face, at any section shall not be less than min = 0.24(fck/fy)1/2;
where fck and fy are in MPa.
(c) The tension steel ratio on any face, at any section shall not be less than 1/4th of maximum tensile
reinforcement.
2) The maximum steel ratio on any face at any section, shall not exceed max = 0.025.
3) The positive steel at a joint face must be at least equal to half the negative steel at that face.
4) The steel provided at each of the top and bottom face of the member at any section along its length
shall be at least equal to one-fourth of the maximum negative moment steel provided at the face of
either joint. It may be clarified the redistribution of moments permitted in IS 456:1978 (clause 36.1)
will be used only for vertical load moments and not for lateral load moments.
5) In an external joint, both the top and the bottom bars of the beam shall be provided with anchorage
length, beyond the inner face of the column, equal to the development length in tension plus ten
times the bar diameter minus the allowance for 90 degree bend(s). In an internal joint, both face bars
of the beam shall be taken continuously through the column.
6) The longitudinal bars shall be spliced, only if hoops are provided over the entire splice length, at a
spacing not exceeding 150mm. The lap length shall not be less than the bar development length in
tension.lap splices shall not be provided within a joint, within a distance of 2d from joint face, and
within a quarter length of the member, where flexural yielding may generally occur under the effect
of earthquake forces. Not more than 50 percent of the bars shall be spliced at one section.
Web Reinforcement:
1) Web reinforcement shall consist of vertical hoops. A vertical hoop is a closed stirrup having a 135
hook with a 10 diameter extension (but not <75mm) at each end that is embedded in the confined
core.
2) The contribution of bent up bars and inclined hoops to shear resistance of the section shall not be
considered.
3) The spacing of hoops over a length of 2d at either end of a beam shall not exceed (a) d/4, and (b) 8
times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal baa; however, it need not be less than 100mm. The
first hoop shall be at a distance not exceeding 50mm from the joint face. Vertical hoops at the same
space as above shall also be provided over a length equal to 2d on either side of a section where
flexural yielding may occur under the effect of earthquake forces. Elsewhere, the hoops shall have
vertical hoops at a spacing not exceeding d/2.
Special Confining Reinforcement:
This requirement shall be met with, unless a larger amount of transverse reinforcement is required from
shear strength considerations.
1) Special confining reinforcement shall be provided over a length lo from each joint face, towards
midspan, and on either side of any section, where flexural yielding may occur under the effect of
earthquake forces. The length lo shall not be less than (a) larger lateral dimension of the member at
the section where yielding occurs, (b) 1/6 of the clear span of the member, and (c) 450mm.
2) When a column terminates into a footing or mat, special confining reinforcement shall extend at least
300mm into the footing or mat.
3) Special confining reinforcement shall be provided over the full height of a column which has
significant variation in stiffness along its height. This variation in stiffness may result due to the
presence of bracing, a mezzanine floor or a R.C.C. wall on either side of the column that extends
only over a part of the column height.
LOADS ON BEAMS
Sl.No.
Dead load
(bending)
20.83
17.58
20.22
18.34
18.82
30.17
18.37
19.8
25.12
16.00
18.82
15.4
15.6
19.78
21.09
16.41
14.87
20.36
23.76
21.3
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
B17
B18
B19
B20
Dead load
(axial)
19.8
15.76
19.18
16.58
23.5
17.69
18.8
22.93
13.00
16.83
18.27
15.27
18.81
15.27
20.06
14.92
16.83
19.37
22.12
20.26
Live load
(bending)
20.5
16.78
18.23
19.23
16.34
19.33
17.56
19.2
13.4
11.9
14.82
15.82
12.93
18
18.7
20.14
12.45
13.4
12.4
11.56
LOADS ON COLUMNS DUE TO LIVE LOAD IN AXIAL

Column C1
Column C1 supported by B1 and B3
B2
1.21m
3.65m
C6
C1

Total load =277.45 + 146.68 = 424.13 kN/floor
Column C2
Total load = 61.83 + 172.04 + 27.52 = 261.37 kN/floor
Live load
(axial)
18.03
13
17.71
13.47
13.51
20.04
16.91
17.52
23.54
10.85
13.6
14.37
12.76
17.475
18.14
12.57
17.36
17.8
19.28
18.28
Column C3
Total load = 27.52 + 99.95 = 127.47 kN /floor
Column C6
Total load = 102.405 kN/floor
Column C7
Total load in column = 52.74 kN/floor
LOADS ON COLUMNS DUE TO LIVE LOAD IN BENDING

Column C1
Total load = 72.39 + 102.21 = 174.6 kN/ floor
Column C2
Total load = 216.08 kN/ floor
Column C3
Column C6
Column C7

DEAD LOAD IN COLUMN (AXIAL)

Column C1
Load due to B1 = 62.4 kN
Self weight = 9.37 kN
Column C2
Total load = 162 kN/floor
Column C3
Column C6
Self weight = 9.37kN
DEAD LOAD IN COLUMN (BENDING)

Column C1
Column C2

Column C3
Column C6
Column C7
ANALYSIS BY KANIS METHOD

Intermediate Frame
I
G
B11
===
3m
12.78kN/m
23.74kN
20.22 kN/m
A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C
3m
4.8m
D
B11 = 1.2x19.78 = 23.74kN
B14
B
E
B3
1.2m
3.15 m
a) Fixed end moments

MFDA = MFIA = 0
MFEB = MFHB = 0
MFFC = MFGC = 0 (since no load)
MFAB = - (19.78x3.15^2)/12 = -16.35kNm
MFBA = +16.35kNm
MFBC = - [Wab2/L + wL2/12] = -44.16kNm
MFCB = + [Wa2b/L + wL2/12] = -54.85kNm
b) Moment of Inertia
AI = AD = I
AB = 4I
BH = BE =I
BA = 4I
BC = 2I
CG = CF = I
CB = 2I
c) Rotation Factors
JOINT A
Stiffness (cu.m)
AI =I/3
Total stiffness (cu.m) = 1.936I
Distribution factor AI=0.172
Rotation factor(r) AI=-0.086
AB=4I/3.15
AD=I/3
AB=0.656
AB=-0.328
AD=0.339
AD=0.086
Similarly, JOINT B
Rotation factor
BH=-0.071
BA=-0.27
Similarly, JOINT C
Rotation factor
CG=-0.153
CB=-0.192
BC=-0.088
CF=-0.153
d) Resultant Restraint Moments

Sum of fixed moments at A= 0+ (-16.35) +0= -16.35kNm
Sum of fixed moments at B= 0+ 16.35 44.16 + 0= -27.81kNm
Sum of fixed moments at C=0+ 54.85+ 0 = 54.85kNm
e) Checking
rA = -0.492 = -0.5
rB = -0.5
rC = -0.495 = -0.5
(O.K.)
BE=-.071
-0.086
-0.328
-0.27
-0.071
-0.086
G
-0.153
-0.088
-0.192
-0.071
-0.071
f) Rotation Contribution
mAB= (-16.35) x (-0.328) = 5.39kNm
mAD= mAI= (-16.35) x (-0.086) = 1.4kNm
mBA= (-27.81) x (-0.27)kNm
mBC = 2.45kNm
mBH = mBE= 1.97kNm
mCG =mCF=8.39kNm
mCB =10.52kNm
g) Final Moments
MAB= MFAB+ 2MAB + MBA=1.93kNm
MBA=MFBA + 2MBA +MAB=36.74kNm
MBC=MFBC +2MBC +MCB =-28.74kNm
MCB=MFCB + 2MCB +MBC = 78.34kNm
Roof Frame
B11=13 kN
11.62kN/m
12.06kN/m
A~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ B~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C
3.15m
4.2m
1.2m
F
h) Fixed end moments
MFAF = MFFA = 0
MFBE = MFEB = 0
MFCD = MFDC = 0 (since no load)
MFAB = - (11.62x3.15^2)/12 = -9.6kNm
MFBA = +9.6kNm
MFBC = - [Wab2/L + wL2/12] = -26.08kNm

MFCB = + [Wa2b/L + wL2/12] = +40.0kNm
i) Moment of Inertia
AF = I
AB = 4I
BE =I
BC = 2I
CD = I
CB = 2I
j) Rotation Factors
JOINT A
Stiffness (cu.m)
AF=I/3
Distribution factor AF=0.389
Rotation factor(r) AF=-0.194
AB=4I/3.15
AB=0.792
AB=-0.396
Similarly, JOINT B
Rotation factor
BA=-0.314
BC=-0.103
Similarly, JOINT C
Rotation factor
CB=-0.275
CD=-0.22
BE=-0.082
k) Resultant Restraint Moments

Sum of fixed moments at A= 0+ (-9.6) = -9.6kNm
Sum of fixed moments at B= 0+ 9.6 26.08= -16.48kNm
Sum of fixed moments at C=40+ 0 = 40.0kNm
l) Checking
rA = -0.194 + (-0.396) = -0.59
rB = -0.314- 0.082- 0.103 =-0.499 = -0.5
rC = -0.275-0.22= -0.495 = -0.5
(O.K.)
m) Rotation Contribution
mAB= (-9.6) x (-0.396) = 3.8kNm
mAF= (-9.6) x (-0.194) = 1.86kNm
mBA= (-16.48) x (-0.314)= 5.17kNm
mBE = 1.35kNm
mBC = 1.7kNm
mCB =-11.0kNm
mCD = -8.8kNm
-9.6 0.396
-0.194
-0.314
-16.48
-0.103
-0.082
-0.275
40.0
0.22
n) Final Moments
MAB= MFAB+ 2MAB + MBA= 3.17kNm
MBA=MFBA + 2MBA +MAB= 23.74kNm
MBC=MFBC +2MBC +MCB = -33.68kNm
MCB=MFCB + 2MCB +MBC = 19.7kNm
KANIS METHOD (For DEAD LOAD in Bending)
A
23.74kN
18.37kN/m
20.22 kN/m
C7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C6 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C1
B14
B3
3m
E
B12
5.25m
3m
D
B11
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
B2
MFC7A = MFC7F = 0
MFC6B = MFC6E = 0
MFC1C = MFC1D = 0 (since no load)
MFC7C6 = -WL^2/12 = -13.78 KN/m
MFC6C7 = +WL^2/12 = 13.78 KN/m
MFC6C1 = - [Wab2/L + wL2/12] = -[ (70.35*2.25*3^2)/5.25^2 + (20.83*5.25^2)/12 ]= -99.53 KN/m
MFC1C6 = + [Wa2b/L + wL2/12] = +[ (70.35*2.25^2*3)/5.25^2 + (20.83*5.25^2)/12 ]= 86.6KN/m
b) Rotation factor
JOINT C7
Stiffness (cu.m)
C7A =I/3
C7C6=2I/3
Distribution factor C7A =0.25
C7C6=0.50
Rotation factor(r) C7A =-0.125 C7C6=-0.25
C7F=I/3
C7F =-0.25
C7F =0.125
JOINT C6
Stiffness (cu.m)
C6B =I/3
C6E=I/3
Distribution factor C6B =0.157 C6E=0.157
Rotation factor(r) C6B =-0.078 C6E=-0.078
C6C7 = I/3
C6C1 = 4I/5.25
C6C7 =0.318 C6C1 =0.364

C6C7 = -0.159 C6C1 = -0.182
JOINT C1
Stiffness (cu.m)
C1C =I/3
C1D=I/3
C1C6 = 4I/5.25
Distribution factor C1C =0.23
C1D=0.23
C1C6 = -0.115
Rotation factor(r) C1C =-0.115 C1D=-0.115 C1C6 = -0.266
Total moment at C7 = -13.78 KNm
Total moment at C6 = 13.78 99.53 = -85.75 KNm
Total moment at C1 = 86.6 KNm
c) Rotational contribution
MC7A = -13.78* -0.125 = 1.72 KNm
MC7F = -13.78* -0.125 = 1.72 KNm
MC7C6 = -13.78* -0.25 = 3.45 KNm
MC7B = -85.75* -0.078 = 6.69 KNm
MC7E = -85.75* -0.078 = 6.69 KNm
MC6C7 = -85.75* -0.189 = 13.63 KNm
MC6C1 = -85.75*-0.182 = 15.6 KNm
MC1C = -86.6* -0.115 = -9.96 KNm
MC1D = -86.6* -0.115 = -9.96 KNm
MC1C6 = -86.6* -0.266 = -23.03 KNm
d) Final moments
MC7C6 = MFC7C6 + 2MC7C6 + MC6C7
= -13.78 + 2(3.45) + 13.63 = 6.75 KNm
= -13.78 + 2(13.63) + 3.45 = 44.49 KNm
= -99.53 + 2(13.63) +3.45 = -91.36 KNm

= 86.6 + 2(-23.03) + 15.6 = 56.14 KNm
KANIS METHOD (For LIVE LOAD in Bending)

Frame 1-1
23.74kN
18.37kN/m
17.9 kN/m
C1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C2 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C3
B14
B3
3m
5.25m
3m
B11 = 14.67*3/2 = 22KN

MFC1A = MFC1F = 0
MFC2B = MFC2E = 0
MFC3C = MFC3D = 0 (Since no load)
MFC1C2 = - [Wab2/L + wL2/12] = -[ (22*1.2*2.4^2)/4.8^2 + (18.23*4.8^2)/12 ] = -41.6 KNm
MFC2C1 = + [Wa2b/L + wL2/12] = +[ (22*1.2*2.4)/4.8^2 + (18.23*4.8^2)/12 ] = +38.3 KNm
MFC2C3 = -WL2 /12 = -17.9 * 3.152 /12 = -14.8 KNm
MFC3C2 = +WL2 /12 = +17.9 * 3.152 /12 = +14.8 KNm
b) Rotation factors
JOINT C1
Stiffness (cu.m)
C1A =I/3
Rotation factor(r) C1A = -0.11
C1C2=4I/4.8
C1C2=0.55
C7F=0.22
C1C2= -0.275 C7F= -0.11
JOINT C2
Stiffness (cu.m)
C2C1 =4I/4.8 C2B=I/3
Distribution factor C2C1 =0.39 C2B=0.156
Rotation factor(r) C2C1 =-0.195 C2B=-0.78
JOINT C3
C7F=I/3
C2E=I/3
C2E=0.156
C2E=-0.78
C2C3 = 0.297
C2C3 = -0.148
C2C3 =
Stiffness (cu.m)
C1A =I/3
C1C2= I/3
C7F=2I/3.15
Distribution factor C3C =0.256 C3D=0.256 C3C2=0.256
Rotation factor(r) C3C = -0.128 C3D= -0.128 C3C2= -0.245
c) Total moments at C1 = -41.6KNm
Total moments at C2 = 38.3-14.8 = 23.5KNm
Total moments at C3 = 14.8 KNm
d) Rotation contribution
MC1A = -41.6* -0.11 = 4.57 KNm
MC1F = -41.6* -0.11 = 4.57 KNm
MC1C2 = -41.6* -0.275 = 11.44 KNm
MC2B = MC2E = 23.5*-0.78 = -18.33 KNm
MC2C1 = 23.5* -0.195 = -4.58 KNm
MC23 = 23.5 * -0.148 = -3.48 KNm
MC3C = MC3D = 14.8* -0.128 = -1.89 KNm
MC3C2 = 14.28 * -0.128 = -3.3 KNm
e) Final moments
MC1C2 = -41.6 + 2(11.44)- 4.58 = -23.3KNm
MC2C1 = 38.3 + 2(-4.58)+ 11.44 = 40.58KNm
MC2C3 = -14.8 + 2(-3.48)+ (-3.5) = -25.26KNm
MC3C2 = 14.8 + 2(-3.5)- 3.48 = 4.32KNm
MC1F = 0 + 2MC1F- MFC1 = 0+2(4.57) + 0 = 9.14KN
Frame 2-2
A
23.74kN
18.37kN/m
20.22 kN/m
C7~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C6 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C1
B14
B3
3m
E
B11=22kN
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Moment about RB5

RB1*4.8 = 14*4.82 /2 +22 *3.6 +14.26 *1.73
3m
D
B12=1426kN
B2
5.25m
RB1 = 55.29 kN
RB1 = RB2 = 55.24 kN
RB5 = 14*4.8 +22 +14.26 55.24 = 48.24 kN
MFC7C6 = -[17.23 * 32/12] = -12.92 kNm
MFC6C7 = [17.23 * 32/12] = 12.92 kNm
MFC6C1 = -[18.56*5.252] = -83.21 kNm
MFC1C6 = [42.63 + (55.24*2.252*3)/5.252] = 73.068 kNm
b) Rotational moment
Joint C7
Stiffness (cu.m)
C7A =I/3
Rotation factor(r) C7A = - 0.124
Joint C6
Stiffness (cu.m)
C6B =I/3
Distribution factor C6B = 0.159
Rotation factor(r) - C6B = -0.079
C7F=I/3
C7C6=2I/3
C7F=0.248
C7F= -0.124
C7C6=0.503
C7C6= -0.025
C6E=I/3
C6C7=2I/3
C6C1=4I/5.25
C6E= 0.159 C6C7= 0.320 C6C1= 0.364

C6E= -0.079 C6C7= -0.16 C6C1= -0.182
Joint C1
Stiffness (cu.m)
C1C =I/3
C1D=I/3
Distribution factor C1C =0.233 C1D=0.233
Rotation factor(r) C1C = -0.116 C1D= -0.116
Total moments at C7 = -12.92 KNm
Total moments at C6 = -70.29 KNm
Total moments at C1 = 73.068 KNm
c) Rotational contribution
MC7C6 = -12.92 x -0.25 = 3.23kNm
MC6C7 = -70.29 x -0.16 = 11.25kNm
MC6C1 = -70.29 x -0.182 = 12.79kNm
MC1C6 = 73.068 x -0.266 = -19.44kNm
d) Final end moments
MC7C6 = -12.92 + 2(3.23) + 11.25 = 4.79 KNm
MC6C7 = 12.92 + 2(11.25) + 3.23 = 38.65 KNm
MC6C1 = -83.21 + 2(12.79) 19.44 = -77.07 KNm
MC1C6 = 73.068 + 2(-19.44) + 12.79 = 46.98 KNm
C1C6=4I/5.25
C1C6=0.533
C1C6= -0.266
DESIGN OF SLAB
Ly= 135
135 x 106
Step 1
Ly = 135 = 4.09 m
Lx = 106 = 3.2 m
( 2-way slab)
Slab thickness = 100 mm
D = 125 mm
D effective = 100 mm
Step 2 load calculation
Self wt of slab = 0.125 x 25 = 3.125 kN/m2
Live load = 2 kN/m2
Floor finish = 0.05 x 24 = 1.2 kN/m2
Total = 6.325 kN/m2
Step 3 calculation of bending moment
Mx= x w lx 2
My = y w lx 2
x= 0.084
y = 0.059
W = 5.7 kN/m2
Lx= 106
lx = ly= 3.2 m
M x= 0.084 x 5.7 x 3.22 = 4.9 kN-m
M y = 0.059 x 5.7 x 3.22 = 3.4 kN-m
Factored moment
M uxx= 7.35 kN-m
M uyy = 3.4 x 1.5 kN-m
Step 4
Check for depth
Dreq=
b = 1000
we get Dreq = 51.6 < 100 mm (O.K.)
Step 5
Reinforcement calculation
Assuming M20, Fe 415
Pt = 0.1296 = 0.13
Ast =
Ast =
SPACING
Adopting 10 mm dia bars
Spacing =
Check for maximum spacing :
3d = 3
Or 300 mm, or 483.32 mm
Adopt 10 mm bars @ 300 mm c/c
DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT
These reinforcement provided to consider the Poissons effect , load consideration, temperature and
shrinkage effect.
Ad = 0.15% of c/s area ( mild steel) or 0.12 % of c/s area ( HYSD)
Ad =
Using 10 mm # bars,
Spacing =
Checking for maximum reinforcement
Minimum of 5d = 5 x 125 = 625 mm
Or 450 mm or 523.6 mm
Provide 10 mm# bars 450 mm c/c
BEAM DESIGNING
Dead Load
Live Load
Seismic Load
Beam 3
STEP 1
Effective length of B 3= 4.8 m
D = 1/12 to 1/15 of effective span ( for continuous beam )
D = (1/12) x 4.8 = 0.4 m = 400 mm
b= 1/3 to 2/3 of D or standard width = 250 mm to 300 mm
adopt b= 250 mm
D = 400 mm, b= 250 mm
STEP 2
Moment calculation
DL MAB = 78.34 , MBA = -28.74
LL MBA = -23.3 , MBA = 40.58
Seismic load MAB = 65.22 , MBA = -65.22
Total factored moment
MUAB = 120.26 x 1.5 = 180.39 ( sagging)
MUBA = -53.38 x 1.5 = -80.07 ( hogging )
STEP 3
Bottom reinforcement
Sagging moment = 180.39 kNm
d= ( 400 25 8 ) = 367mm
0.138 fck = 0.138
= 2.76
So, beam is provided with double reinforcement.

Pt = 3.03, d/d = 0.1, Pc = 0.875
Ast =
bd = ( 3.03/100) 250 367 = 2780 mm2
Asc =
bd = ( 0.875 / 100) 250 365 = 800 mm2
No. of steel bar =

Check for reinforcement:
Astmin =
Astmax = 0.04 bD = 0.04 250 400 = 4000 mm2 ( o.k.)
No of rods of 20 mm =
STEP 4
Development length
For M20 grade

= 15.04 m
STEP 5
Spacing,
So
Hence provide 20 mm dia bars @ 100 mm c/c.
COLUMN DESIGN
COLUMN NUMBER 2
a) Axial Load
D.L. = 153
L.L. = 127.42
Seismic X = - 27.175
Seismic Y = 24.98
b) Load Combination
1. Combination 1
( D.L. + L.L.) 1.5 = 420.63
2. Combination 2
(D.L. + Seismic X) 1.5 = ( 153 + (-27.125)) 1.5 = 188.74
3. Combination 3
(D.L. + seismic Y) 1.5 = 266.97
c) Bending Moment
Type of loads/ seismic
loads
Dead loads
Live loads
Seismic X
Seismic Y
MUXX
MUYY
-38.03
-42.93
-32.61
0
-28.65
16.22
0
-32.61
d) For load combination

1.
2.
3.
4.
(D.L. + L.L.) Muxx = (-38.03- 42.93) 1.5 = -121.44

(D.L. + L.L.) Muyy = (16.22 28.65) 1.5 = -18.64
(D.L. + Seismic X) Muxx = (-38.03 - 32.61) 1.5 = -105.96
(D.L. + Seismic X) Muyy = (-28.65-0 ) 1.5 = - 42.97
e) Designing
Muxx = -121.44
Muyy = -18.64
Pu = 420.63
emin =
d/d = 0.1, b/b = 0.2
Muxx1 = 0.15 x 20 x 250 x 5002 = 187.5 kNm

b/b = 0.2
Muyy1 = 0.125 x 20 x 250 x 5002 = 156.25 kNm

= 14.5
Puz = 1812.5
( O.K. )
f) Reinforcement details
Required reinforcement = 1.8% of Ag = 0.018 250 500 = 2250 mm2
Using 20# dia bars , number of bars =
bars
STAAD.PRO ANALYSIS
STAAD.Pro is a general purpose structural analysis and design program with applications primarily
in the building industry - commercial buildings, bridges and highway structures, industrial structures,
chemical plant structures, dams, retaining walls, turbine foundations, culverts and other embedded
structures, etc. The program hence consists of the following facilities to enable this task.
1. Graphical model generation utilities as well as text editor based commands for creating the
mathematical model. Beam and column members are represented using lines. Walls, slabs and panel
type entities are represented using triangular and quadrilateral finite elements. Solid blocks are
represented using brick elements. These utilities allow the user to create the geometry, assign
properties, orient cross sections as desired, assign materials like steel, concrete, timber, aluminum,
specify supports, apply loads explicitly as well as have the program generate loads, design parameters
etc.
2. Analysis engines for performing linear elastic and pdelta analysis, finite element analysis, frequency
extraction, and dynamic response (spectrum, time history, steady state, etc.).
3. Design engines for code checking and optimization of steel, aluminum and timber members.
Reinforcement calculations for concrete beams, columns, slabs and shear walls. Design of shear and
moment connections for steel members.
4. Result viewing, result verification and report generation tools for examining displacement diagrams,
bending moment and shear force diagrams, beam, plate and solid stress contours, etc.
5. Peripheral tools for activities like import and export of data from and to other widely accepted formats,
links with other popular softwares for niche areas like reinforced and prestressed concrete slab design,
footing design, steel connection design, etc.
6. A library of exposed functions called OpenSTAAD which allows users to access STAAD.Pros internal
functions and routines as well as its graphical commands to tap into STAADs database and link input
and output data to third-party software written using languages like C, C++, VB, VBA, FORTRAN,
Java, Delphi, etc. Thus, OpenSTAAD allows users to link in-house or third-party applications with
STAAD.Pro.
COLUMN DESIGN
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O.
M25
195 D E S I G N R E S U L T S
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)
LENGTH: 1000.0 mm CROSS SECTION: 225.0 mm X 400.0 mm COVER: 40.0 mm
** GUIDING LOAD CASE:

REQD. STEEL AREA :
8 END JOINT: 131 SHORT COLUMN

1137.87 Sq.mm.
REQD. CONCRETE AREA:
88862.13 Sq.mm.
MAIN REINFORCEMENT : Provide 4 - 20 dia. (1.40%, 1256.64 Sq.mm.)

(Equally distributed)
TIE REINFORCEMENT : Provide 8 mm dia. rectangular ties @ 225 mm c/c
SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT REQUIRED (KNS-MET)

---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1353.86 Muz1 :
64.74 Muy1 :
32.72
INTERACTION RATIO: 0.96 (as per Cl. 39.6, IS456:2000)
SECTION CAPACITY BASED ON REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (KNS-MET)

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
END JOINT: 131 Puz : 1389.49 Muz :
75.68 Muy :
36.47 IR: 0.77
============================================================================
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O.
M25
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)
** GUIDING LOAD CASE: 11 END JOINT: 175 SHORT COLUMN
REQD. STEEL AREA :
1812.29 Sq.mm.
88187.71 Sq.mm.


---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1556.19 Muz1 :
91.72 Muy1 :
43.76

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
11
110.03 Muy :
49.25 IR: 0.81
============================================================================
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O.
M25
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)
REQD. STEEL AREA :
2689.11 Sq.mm.
87310.88 Sq.mm.


---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1819.23 Muz1 :
135.94 Muy1 :
60.09

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
11
182.52 Muy :
72.99 IR: 0.77
============================================================================
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O.
M25
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)
REQD. STEEL AREA :
2377.24 Sq.mm.
87622.76 Sq.mm.


---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1725.67 Muz1 :
135.23 Muy1 :
60.76

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
11
136.62 Muy :
60.73 IR: 0.99
============================================================================
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O. 1123 D E S I G N R E S U L T S
M25
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)

REQD. STEEL AREA :
2423.86 Sq.mm.
87576.14 Sq.mm.


---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1739.66 Muz1 :
137.78 Muy1 :
62.61

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
11
143.56 Muy :
63.79 IR: 0.97
===========================================================================
============================================================================
C O L U M N N O. 1355 D E S I G N R E S U L T S
M25
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)

REQD. STEEL AREA :
2038.00 Sq.mm.
87962.00 Sq.mm.

---------------------------------------------------------Puz : 1623.90 Muz1 :
116.82 Muy1 :
54.06

---------------------------------------------------------WORST LOAD CASE:
12
133.02 Muy :
59.63 IR: 0.89
============================================================================
BEAM DESIGN
===========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
1 DESIGN RESULTS
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 5547.2 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)
SIZE: 200.0 mm X 300.0 mm COVER: 25.0 mm
SUMMARY OF REINF. AREA (Sq.mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
1386.8 mm
2773.6 mm
4160.4 mm
5547.2 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
163.10
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
110.60
122.89
(Sq. mm)
133.07
(Sq. mm)
110.60
110.60
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
134.58
(Sq. mm)
110.60
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
134.14
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
1386.8 mm
2773.6 mm
4160.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
5547.2 mm
BOTTOM
2-10
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
SHEAR 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8 2 legged 8

REINF. @ 90 mm c/c @ 90 mm c/c @ 90 mm c/c @ 90 mm c/c @ 90 mm c/c
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM

FACE OF THE SUPPORT
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 465.0 mm AWAY FROM START SUPPORT

VY =
4.97 MX =
0.08 LD= 8
Provide 2 Legged 8 @ 90 mm c/c
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT 377.5 mm AWAY FROM END SUPPORT

VY =
4.97 MX =
0.08 LD= 8
==========================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 4918.2 mm
STAAD SPACE
Fe415 (Sec.)
-- PAGE NO. 412

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
1229.6 mm
2459.1 mm
3688.7 mm
4918.2 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
153.52
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
110.60
110.60
(Sq. mm)
113.48
(Sq. mm)
110.60
(Sq. mm)
110.60
0.00
(Sq. mm)
119.23
(Sq. mm)
110.60
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
129.02
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
1229.6 mm
2459.1 mm
3688.7 mm
4918.2 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-10
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-10
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH)

FROM FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY =
5.37 MX =
0.04 LD= 11

VY =
5.37 MX =
0.04 LD= 11
==========================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3182.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
1037.93
REINF.
BOTTOM
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
491.18
(Sq. mm)
309.54
(Sq. mm)
216.14
0.00
(Sq. mm)
502.41
0.00
(Sq. mm)
646.73
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
835.26
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 413
SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINF. AREA

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
6-16
3-16
REINF. 2 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-16
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
3-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-16
5-12
1 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-12
8-12
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT
VY = 72.51 MX =
9.75 LD= 12
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 2364.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)
SUMMARY OF REINFORCED AREA (Sq.mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
0.00
(Sq. mm)
1045.85
(Sq. mm)
584.88
(Sq. mm)
725.23
466.40
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
1192.60
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
215.21
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-16
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
6-16
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
4-16
1 layer(s)
2-16
3-16
1 layer(s)
3-16
1 layer(s)
6-16
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
2-16
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 414

VY = -97.60 MX = -22.12 LD= 11
============================================================================
*** WARNING:LENGTH TO DEPTH RATIO FOR MEMBER
368 IS LESS THAN 2.5.
DEEP BEAM IS NOT DESIGNED. ASSUMING IT TO BE A PART OF A

CONTINUOUS BEAM AND AWAY FROM THE CRITICAL SECTION FOR
ENHANCED SHEAR, ORDINARY SHEAR CHECK IS PERFORMED.,
OTHERWISE PROVIDE ENSH AND RENSH PARAMETERS ***
===========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 1169.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
700.55
(Sq. mm)
0.00
302.96
(Sq. mm)
577.72
(Sq. mm)
490.62
699.79
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
448.92
320.83
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
216.60
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1169.8 mm
TOP
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-10
1 layer(s)
9-10
REINF. 2 layer(s)
4-10
1 layer(s)
8-10
2 layer(s)
7-10
6-10
2 layer(s)
9-10
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
5-10
3-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

VY = -79.27 MX = -24.92 LD=

===========================================================================
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 415
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3748.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
728.94
216.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
3748.4 mm
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
215.21
(Sq. mm)
430.34
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
562.84
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
575.85
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
7-12
2-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
2-16
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-12
3-16
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
3-16
3-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE OF THE
SUPPORT

VY = 73.18 MX =
9.47 LD=
============================================================================
==========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
Fe415 (Sec.)
LENGTH: 3182.4 mm
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 416

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
1059.28
REINF.
509.13
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
216.14
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
245.61
(Sq. mm)
0.00
451.24
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
610.09
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
819.91
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
6-16
REINF. 2 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
3-16
1 layer(s)
3-12
1 layer(s)
2-16
2-16
1 layer(s)
4-12
1 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-12
8-12
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 74.35 MX =
10.11 LD= 12
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 2364.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
1015.74
(Sq. mm)
0.00
0.00
(Sq. mm)
718.82
(Sq. mm)
576.53
(Sq. mm)
460.63
(Sq. mm)
1164.53
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
215.21
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 417

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-16
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
9-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
7-12
2 layer(s)
2-16
3-16
1 layer(s)
5-12
1 layer(s)
6-16
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
2-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


VY = -95.72 MX = -22.08 LD= 11
============================================================================

===========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 1169.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
345.63
(Sq. mm)
664.88
(Sq. mm)
536.15
(Sq. mm)
530.33
749.82
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
411.91
284.19
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINFORCED AREA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
6-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
5-12
1 layer(s)
4-12
5-12
1 layer(s)
4-12
1 layer(s)
7-12
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
3-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = -81.20 MX = -25.35 LD=
==========================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3748.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
712.54
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
216.60
0.00
(Sq. mm)
0.00
216.14
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
425.62
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
543.30
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
538.32
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINFORCED AREA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
7-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
3748.4 mm
BOTTOM
2-10
3-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-10
2 layer(s)
7-10
7-10
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 419

VY = 71.30 MX =
9.46 LD=
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3182.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
962.82
465.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
3182.4 mm
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
216.14
(Sq. mm)
418.78
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
594.55
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
825.78
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINFORCED AREA

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-25
2-25
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
1 layer(s)
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-25
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-25
1 layer(s)
4-12
1 layer(s)
2-25
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-12
8-12
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

FACE OF THE SUPPORT

VY = 74.76 MX =
10.09 LD= 12

==========================================================================
===========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 2364.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 420

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
0.00
(Sq. mm)
1034.83
(Sq. mm)
531.82
(Sq. mm)
738.46
1089.98
(Sq. mm)
442.15
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINFORCED AREA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-16
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
6-16
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
4-16
1 layer(s)
2-16
3-16
1 layer(s)
3-16
1 layer(s)
6-16
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
2-16
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------


VY = -106.31 MX = -19.93 LD= 12
============================================================================

============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 1169.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 421

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
0.00
318.75
507.40
717.71
1169.8 mm
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
643.26
(Sq. mm)
510.33
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
381.94
250.40
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY OF PROVIDED REINFORCED AREA

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-12
1 layer(s)
6-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
3-12
5-12
1 layer(s)
5-12
1 layer(s)
4-12
1 layer(s)
7-12
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
3-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------


VY = -81.45 MX = -24.02 LD=
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3748.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
654.41
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
216.14
0.00
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
216.14
(Sq. mm)
0.00
434.93
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
548.48
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
518.18
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 422

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
6-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
3-10
1 layer(s)
2-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
6-10
2 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
7-10
7-10
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SHEAR DESIGN RESULTS AT DISTANCE d (EFFECTIVE DEPTH) FROM FACE OF THE

SUPPORT

VY = 70.63 MX =
8.94 LD=
==========================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3182.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
830.41
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
(Sq. mm)
366.79
(Sq. mm)
216.14
(Sq. mm)
0.00
0.00
(Sq. mm)
357.57
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
582.50
(Sq. mm)
828.90
(Sq. mm)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
8-12
4-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-12
4-12
1 layer(s)
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-12
8-12
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

SUPPORT
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 423

VY = 75.17 MX =
10.04 LD= 12
============================================================================
===========================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 2364.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
216.14
(Sq. mm)
1040.84
(Sq. mm)
468.40
(Sq. mm)
745.19
957.52
(Sq. mm)
410.89
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-25
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
6-16
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-25
1 layer(s)
4-16
1 layer(s)
2-25
2-25
1 layer(s)
3-16
1 layer(s)
2-25
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-16
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

SUPPORT
VY = -106.00 MX = -20.06 LD= 12
==========================================================================
*** WARNING:LENGTH TO DEPTH RATIO FOR MEMBER 1064 IS LESS THAN 2.5.
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 424
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 1169.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
629.16
(Sq. mm)
0.00
264.08
(Sq. mm)
468.90
(Sq. mm)
435.26
623.89
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
334.19
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
0.00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Sq. mm)
SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-20
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-20
1 layer(s)
6-12
REINF. 2 layer(s)
2-20
1 layer(s)
5-12
1 layer(s)
2-20
3-12
1 layer(s)
2-20
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-12
2-12
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUPPORT

VY = -90.06 MX = -21.25 LD= 12
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3748.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 425

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
574.36
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
216.14
0.00
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
216.14
(Sq. mm)
0.00
437.35
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
549.12
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
479.19
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
3-16
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
3-10
1 layer(s)
2-16
2-16
1 layer(s)
6-10
2 layer(s)
2-16
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
7-10
7-10
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

SUPPORT

VY = 78.65 MX =
6.84 LD= 12

===========================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3182.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
355.36
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
(Sq. mm)
216.60
(Sq. mm)
216.60
(Sq. mm)
0.00
0.00
(Sq. mm)
246.47
0.00
(Sq. mm)
402.35
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
495.62
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 426

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION
0.0 mm
795.6 mm
1591.2 mm
2386.8 mm
3182.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
5-10
3-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
3-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
2-10
4-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
6-10
7-10
2 layer(s)
2 layer(s)

SUPPORT

VY = 51.81 MX =
4.74 LD= 12
============================================================================
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 2364.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
216.60
(Sq. mm)
607.51
(Sq. mm)
441.49
(Sq. mm)
228.74
516.85
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
245.80
214.29
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
591.2 mm
1182.4 mm
1773.6 mm
2364.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
2-20
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-20
1 layer(s)
3-10
3-10
1 layer(s)
2-20
1 layer(s)
7-10
1 layer(s)
2 layer(s)
2-20
2-20
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUPPORT
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 427

VY = -68.05 MX = -10.72 LD= 12
============================================================================
*** WARNING:LENGTH TO DEPTH RATIO FOR MEMBER 1296 IS LESS THAN 2.5.
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 1169.8 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1169.8 mm
TOP
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
216.60
(Sq. mm)
370.54
(Sq. mm)
280.25
(Sq. mm)
216.60
249.98
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
216.60
216.60
0.00
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
292.5 mm
584.9 mm
877.4 mm
1169.8 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
BOTTOM
5-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
4-10
1 layer(s)
3-10
3-10
1 layer(s)
3-10
1 layer(s)
4-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
3-10
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

SUPPORT

VY = -54.48 MX = -9.81 LD= 12
============================================================================
STAAD SPACE
-- PAGE NO. 428
============================================================================
B E A M N O.
M30
Fe415 (Main)
LENGTH: 3748.4 mm
Fe415 (Sec.)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
3748.4 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
263.44
0.00
REINF.
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
BOTTOM
REINF.
0.00
0.00
216.60
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
292.29
(Sq. mm)
0.00
(Sq. mm)
354.49
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)
304.98
(Sq. mm)
(Sq. mm)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------SECTION
0.0 mm
937.1 mm
1874.2 mm
2811.3 mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------------TOP
4-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
2-10
1 layer(s)
2-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)
3748.4 mm
BOTTOM
2-10
REINF. 1 layer(s)
3-10
1 layer(s)
4-10
1 layer(s)
5-10
4-10
1 layer(s)
1 layer(s)

SUPPORT
VY = 50.20 MX =
2.99 LD= 12
============================================================================
REFERRENCES
1) IS 1893:1984 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
2) IS 1893(Part 1):2002 `Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures : Part 1 General
provisions and Buildings
3) IS 13920:1993 Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete Structures Subjected to Seismic Forces

Code of Practice
4) Chapter 17 :earthquake resistant design and detailing of rcc structures as per codal provisions , J.N.
BANDYOPADHYA, DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT KHARAGPUR
5) IAEE Manual : chapter 3, general concepts of earthquake resistant design

6) Explanatory examples on Indian seismic code (IS- 1893) part 1
By DR.S.K.JAIN, DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, IIT KANPUR

Final Report - 8th Sem

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Final Report - 8th Sem

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ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF A (S+5) RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT

Dept. of Civil Engineering, Institute of Technical Education &

Name of the Supervisor:

PREPARING STRUCTURES FOR EARTHQUAKE

Sustain little damage in small-to-moderate quakes (M < 5.5)

INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES TO MAKE OUR BUILDINGS EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT

The main objectives of earthquake engineering are:

serviceability, at and after a particular earthquake exposure.

STEPS IN DESIGING A STRUCTURE:

wt of PCC steps = 1.8 kN/ m2

Full dead load = 4.95 kN/m2

i) Load on over head water tank

Weight of 250 mm thick wall

Weight of 125 mm thick wall

Weight of parapet wall ( 1 m high)

EQUIVALENT DISTRIBUTED SEISMIC WEIGHT ON BEAM TO

Superimposed Load per running meter =

Superimposed Load on B1 and B4( per running meter) =

B5 is the shorter span so the load acting on it is triangular in nature.

The load acting on B4 is trapezoidal in nature.

Final load on B2= 16.5 kN/m

Weight of wall ( 125mm thick) = 7.3 kN/m

Self weight of beam = 2.5 kN/m

Total load per running meter = 30.9 kN/m

Weight of wall( 250 mm thick) = 13.44 kN/m

o For beam B37

Total load on column C1 per floor = 1 + 2 = 140 kN

Total load on column C6 per floor= 1+2+3= 155.02 kN

Total load on column C7 per floor= 1 +2 +3= 64.35 kN

Total load on column C11 per floor= 1 +2 +3= 130.48 kN

Total load on column C13 per floor= 1 +2 = 76.57 kN

UDL from beam ( kN/m)

SEISMIC WEIGHT IN COLUMN AT EACH STOREY

Total seismic weight = W =W1+ W2+W3+W4+W5+W6 = 2892 KN

Z= 0.16 for zone 3 ( table 2 IS 1893)

Where W1, W2,W3,W4,W5,W6 are seismic weight of each storey

Calculation of time period:

VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF BASE SHEAR:

ANALYSIS FOR HORIZONTAL FORCES

Horizontal shear forces:

BENDING MOMENT CALCULATION:

PORTAL FRAME ANALYSIS

N(A-N14) = NG-N20 = q*1.5 = 24.54 kNm

Joint H & Joint N

NV-N47 = NB1-N61 = 1.5(s+t) = 37.33 kNm

N(N1-N79) = 1.5u = 9.57 kNm

12t= 116.66, t = 9.72 kN

ANALYSIS AS PER IS13920:1993 FOR DUCTILE

LOADS ON COLUMNS DUE TO LIVE LOAD IN AXIAL

Load from B3 = 277.45 kN

LOADS ON COLUMNS DUE TO LIVE LOAD IN BENDING

Load from B8 = 28.15 kN

DEAD LOAD IN COLUMN (AXIAL)

DEAD LOAD IN COLUMN (BENDING)

Load due to B3 = 65.21 kN

ANALYSIS BY KANIS METHOD

a) Fixed end moments

d) Resultant Restraint Moments

MFBC = - [Wab2/L + wL2/12] = -26.08kNm

k) Resultant Restraint Moments

C6C7 =0.318 C6C1 =0.364

MC1C6 = MFC1C6 + 2MC1C6 + MC6C1

KANIS METHOD (For LIVE LOAD in Bending)