Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mezclas de polímeros.
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Diapositiva 2
Mezclas de polímeros.
Miscibilidad en polímeros
La estructura del SBS.
Propiedades mecánicas. Pequeñas y grandes deformaciones.
Ensayos dinámico-mecánicos
Miscibilidad y separación de fases en mezclas poliméricas.
Microestructura de mezclas poliméricas heterogéneas. relación
entre microestructura y procesado. Microscopía electrónica SEM y TEM.
Relación entre microestructura y propiedades mecáncias en
mezclas de SBS con PS, PP isotáctico, PB sindiotáctico, o copolímeros
EVAc
2
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Diapositiva 3
δG T , p ≥ 0
(desplazamiento virtual desde el equilibrio)
Teoría de Flory-Huggins.
RTV ⎡φ A ln φ A φ B ln φ B ⎤
∆Gm = ⎢ + + χ ABφ Aφ B ⎥
Vr ⎣ x A xB ⎦
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Diapositiva 4
δG T , p ≥ 0
∂ 2 ∆G m binodal
>0
∂φ 2 spinodal
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Diapositiva 5
9 10
8 9
Ensayos tensión-deformación
Resistencia 8 25ºC
7
a la tracción
Tensión (MPa)
7 40ºC
6
Tensión MPa
6
5
5
4 4
3 3
2 2
Transición vítrea del 1 1
70ºC
50ºC
bloque de PS 0
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Alargamiento (% )
Temperatura ºC
0.0
δ α 0
-0.5
-1
log (E'/Eo)
log (tan δ)
-1.0
-2 SBS
-1.5 -3
a)
-2.0 -4
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
T (ºC)
100nm
Fluencia
Transición vítrea del 5
bloque de PB
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Diapositiva 6
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Diapositiva 7
Influencia de la temperatura de
boquilla TB
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Diapositiva 8
Influencia de un posterior
tratamiento térmico a 160ºC durante
7 minutos
500nm
500nm
8
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Diapositiva 9
SBS - PS - 70%-30%
Influencia del
reprocesado por
inyección
Pieza
inyectada
zona interior
250nm 500nm
500nm
Pieza inyectada
granza (preparada en Capa exterior
extrusora de doble
9
husillo cónico)
100nm
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Diapositiva 10
Algunas conclusiones
10
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Diapositiva 11
Inversión de fase
75/25 60/40
1000nm
Mezclas SBS-iPP
11
25/75
40/60
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Diapositiva 12
γ
-1.0 g
f
β e
a) b
-2.0 a
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
I)
T (ºC)
-1
log (E'/Eo)
-4
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 12
T (ºC)
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Diapositiva 13
Inversión de fase
70/30 60/40
Microscopía electrónica
de transmisión TEM
100nm 100nm
Resistencia a la abrasión
100nm 100nm
40/60 20/80
Mezclas SBS-EVAc
13
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Diapositiva 14
Inversión de fase
Mezclas SBS-EVAc
Microscopía electrónica
de barrido SEM: Fractura criogénica
inmersa 2 minutos en dietil éter
14
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Diapositiva 15
Adhesión interfacial
Mezcla SBS-PS Mezcla SBS-sPB
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Diapositiva 16
Adhesion interfacial.
log(E'/E' )
º -1.5 º-1.5
-2 20% sPB
-2
-2.5 -2.5
-3 SBS
-3
a) a) SBS
-3.5 10%, 20%, 30% PS -3.5
-4 -4
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Temperature (ºC) Temperature (ºC)
10 1
b) γ β α
1
tan
tan
0.1
0.1
b)
0.01 0.01
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Temperature (ºC) Temperature (ºC) 16
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Diapositiva 17
0 0
JSR
-0.5 a)
SBS -0.5
log (E'/E' )
o -1
)
Transición vítrea de
log (tan
-1
-1.5 la fase amorfa del
-1.5 PB sindiotactico
-2
-2.5 -2
-150 -100 -50 0 50
Matriz blanda y Temperature (ºC)
partículas dispersas
rígidas
Predicción del modelo de 17
bloques de Takayanagi
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Diapositiva 18
Compatibilizadores
Mezcla SBS-EVAc 80/20 preparada en el
mezclador interno (tipo Banbury) de un reómetro
de par de torsión
ligeramente
sin reticular reticulada con un
peróxido
18
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Diapositiva 19
Compatibilizadores
Mezcla SBS-EVAc 80/20 preparada en el
mezclador interno (tipo Banbury) de un reómetro
0
SBS de par de torsión
-1 0
log(E'/E'o)
log(tan )
-2
-3 -1
-4 0
-1
Mezcla 0
-5 -2
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
log(E'/E'o)
log(tan )
temperature (ºC) -2
Reticulado
-3 -1
0
-4
-1
EVAc 0
-5 -2
log(E'/E'o)
log(tan )
-4
-5 -2
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 19
temperature (ºC)
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Diapositiva 20
Algunas conclusiones
20
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Diapositiva 21
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