SAMSUNG EPC System O Overview i

Contents
LTE Network Configuration LTE/EPC structural features and functions MME, S-GW, P-GW Functions SAMSUNG EPC specifications ifi i and d structural l shapes h Redundancy

LTE Network Architecture

PDN Gi GGSN Gn/Gp Iu Pre-R8 SGSN Gs MSC Server R8 SGSN Iu-C WCDMA /HSPA Sv SGs S3 S12 S4 S11 MME S1-MME eNodeB LTE-Uu UE eNodeB S6a S1-U HSS SWx AAA Gn/Gp Gx PDN Gateway S5 Serving Gateway SGi Rx PCRF Gx Gxb S2b S2a S6b S d SWd Gxa AAA STb Trusted Non-3GPP IP Access SWa SWn ePDG
eNB: E-UTRAN Node B ePDG: evolved Packet Data Gateway GGSN: Gateway GPRS Support Node GTP: GPRS Tunneling Protocol SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node MME: Mobility Management Entity PDN: Packet Data Network

X2

WCDMA

Untrusted Non-3GPP IP Access

LTE

Non-3GPP

LTE/EPC Structural Features and Functions

EPC Session/bearer establishment

Always-on
UE Authentication, IP address allocation(session establishment), default bearer establishment Dedicated bearer can be set or release by UE or PCRF There is no exist UE context in E-UTRAN for UE in the ECM-IDLE state but session and bearer context in MME, , S-GW, , P-GW is maintained. UE state is switched to active when paging by service request or network

< Active State>

UE

MME
2 or more IP session can be

eNB

S GW S-GW

P GW P-GW

set by UE request.

1 IP Session (1default bearer + 0 or more dedicated bearer)

< Idle State>

UE

MME
Session between S-Gw

eNB

S-GW
1 IP Session

P-GW

and P-GW is maintained.

Connection Configuration between Access and Core

Original Access Core connection
Hierarchical structure (1 : N connection)

Access in LTE Core connection

Core system is connected by pool structure, N:M M Management and d responsibility ibili of f eNB NB is i allocated ll d to core system di distributed ib d according di to UE.

< Previous Access-Core system>

Core system

< Access-Core configuration in LTE >

MME pool 1 MME pool 2

MME BSC/RNC BSC/RNC

Pool Area 1
eNodeB

Pool Area 2

BTS/NodeB

Mobility Management for LTE

UE1 TA list

RA1 RNC1 NB2 NB1 RA2 RNC2 NB3 NB4 SGSN

TA2 TA1 eNB2 eNB1 TA3

* TA (Tracking Area) Minimum unit : cell possible to make more than one cell in one eNB the number of cell per one eNB : minimum one, maximum 256 one TA is consisted of n cells. TA is i allocated ll t db by operator. t * TA list TA list is allocated by MME considering current location of UE. one TA list is consisted of n TAs.

MME

eNB3

eNB4

UE2 TA list

dl mobility bili 3G Idle All UE performed location update on Fixed RA. Paging performed in RA which UE updated location.

dl mobility bili EPS Idle Location update occurred when allocated each UE is outside TA list.
TA area is maintained fixed area. TA list allocation to give UE is possible When UE initiated Attach and TAU, , MME can be allocated TA list.

paging by TA list area allocated to UE

ISR function
ISR (Idle mode Signaling Reduction) to limit signalling during inter-RAT cell-reselection in idle mode C ll Cell-reselection, l i TAU/RAU count is i reduced. d d E-UTRAN UE (GERAN/UTRAN supported) is mandatory function. R8 SGSN supported pp ISR Pre-R8 SGSN does not supported ISR.

If UE cannot perform periodic update, deactivate ISR GUTI, TA Session Information TAU

UE registered

Run periodic update timer. If timer expires, detach implicitly

E-UTRAN

MME

HSS S-GW PDN-GW

PDN

P-TMSI, RA

UTRAN/GERAN
RAU UE registered

SGSN
Run periodic update timer. If timer expires, detach implicitly

If UE cannot perform periodic update, deactivate ISR

CSFB (Circuit Switch Fall Back)

MSC transmit Paging request to MME. Then It sends to UE through eNB. Paging response is transmitted to CS domain. It provides voice service in CS domain. MSC needs 3GPP Rel.8 support for interworking with MME. SGs interface (SGsAP/SCTP/IP)

CS call paging response is sent through RNC in 3G

MSC
IuCS

GMSC Voice service

NodeB/RNC
Dual-mode Single radio terminal (Radio mode Transition)

SG SGs

MME
S6a S11 S1MME S1U

HSS

S5

eNB

SGW

PGW/GGSN

SRVCC

(Single Radio Voice Call Continuity)

Possible to handover between LTE and 3G Network during VoIP Call. MSC needs a 3GPP Rel.8 support for interworking with MME. Sv interface (GTP-C/UDP/IP)

MSC
Nc

eMSC
BICC/RTP

Voice service

IuCS

CS voice in 3G
Sv

NodeB/RNC
Dual-mode Single radio terminal (Radio mode Transition)

MME
S1MME S1U

S6a

HSS

SGi

S11

VoIP in LTE
S5

eNB

SGW

PGW/GGSN

10

Charging Function
Offline Charging
Application Function (AF) Subscription Profile Repository (SPR) Sp Policy And Charging Rule Function (PCRF) Gy 3GPP Specific Charging Online Charging System (OCS) Service Data Flow Based Credit Control Offline Charging System (OFCS) Radius Accounting (Offline)

Support P-GW and S-GW / g g Volume/time based charging Interworking with OFCS (Gz interface: GTP) Interworking with AAA(SGi interface: Radius) CDR generation for each EPC bearer (P-GW: PGW-CDR, S-GW: SGW-CDR)

Rx

Gx Policy And Charging Enforceme nt Function (PCEF)

Online Charging
Support P-GW Real-time charging by Credit control Interworking with OCS (Gy interface: Diameter)

P-GW SGi Ga S-GW

Gz

: S-GW charging charging for roaming users Interworking with OFCS and GTP GTP protocol (not interworking with AAA) support charging per bearer, not support FBC 11

DPI-based differentiated QoS & Charging

Advanced QoS Control Packet flow based bandwidth control Application based bandwidth control PCC based QoS control Advanced Charging Feature Off-line/on-line Off line/on line charging Service aware charging per packet flow PCC based charging

Offline / Online charging / PCC rules operation for various tariffs

Gz interface for Offline charging Gy interface for Online charging Gx interface for PCC rules operation
E-UTRAN/UTRAN
S-GW/SGSN Gx P-GW (GTP-C/U) (GGSN functionality)

PCRF

PDN
Online Charging System

Offline Charging System

Gz

Gy

Behavior, Heuristic Analysis

Default bearer Skype HTTP, Download

Pattern Matching

FTP Dedicated bearer Real-time game

12

SAMSUNG EPC p Specification & Structure

13

MME Function
S1-AP NAS signalling NAS signaling security Inter CN node signaling for mobility between 3GPP access networks (S3) Location registration and Paging for Idle mode UE
TA list management, Paging retransmission

NE selection
PDN GW, Serving GW selection MME selection for handovers with MME change SGSN selection for handovers to 2G or 3G access network

Roaming for interworking HSS (S6a interface) UE Authentication Interworking for Non-3GPP network
HRPD interworking (S101 interface) : - Signaling for HRPD network and Optimized Handover
14

S-GW Function
Interfacing E-UTRAN for bearer Local Mobility y anchor point p for inter-eNodeB Handover Mobility anchor point for inter-3GPP (2G/3G/P-GW) Packet routing & forwarding Paging to ECM-Idle mode UE for incoming call Accounting for inter-operator changing UL/DL transport level packet marking

15

P-GW Function
Interfacing external PDN Mobility anchor point between Non-3GPP and 3GPP Packet routing & forwarding UE IP address allocation Per-user based packet filtering PCEF (Policy and Charging Enforcement Function) function
UL/DL bearer binding and UL bearer binding verification Service level charging, gate control, rate enforcement PCRF interworking and Policy / Charging control

DL rate enforcement based on APN-AMBR, MBR UL/DL transport level l l packet k marking k

16

HSS / PCRF Function

HSS (Home Subscriber Server)
User id, numbering, addressing stored User security information generation - mutual authentication and encryption for between UE and network User location information storage User profile information storage

PCRF (Policy and charging rule function)

S di Sending Q S and QoS d charging h i rule l to P-GW(PCEF) G C for f SDF S (Service S i Data Flow) l and d IP-CAN Session P-GW P GW (PCEF) is performed QoS and Charging functions according to PCC rule

17

Flexible to allocate CPU Core

MPP #1 MPP #2
Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core

Control C t l Plane Data Plane

Core Core Core Core

Core Core Core Core

Core Core Core Core

Core Core Core Core

Control C l Plane Data Plane

Optimization according to control & data plane usage

MPP #1 MPP #2
Core C Core Core Core Core C Core Core Core Core C Core Core Core Core C Core Core Core

Control Plane Data Plane

Core Core Core Core

Core C Core Core Core

Core C Core Core Core

Core C Core Core Core

Control Plane Data Plane

Support 16core per MPP (Multi-core Packet Processor) Core of MPP performs Signaling processing(Control Plane) and Packet processing(Data Plane). It will be optimized system according to traffic pattern change (M2M, video streaming) in the future. (It can be optimized the number of Core allocation.)
18

MME Specification
Item
Product Rack Dimension (H x W x D) Shelf Dimension (H x W x D) Subscriber EPS bearer call processing performance

Description
MME (Mobility Management Entity) 2 000 x 600 x 800 mm 2,000 483 x 468 x 577 mm 2M 6M 6K CPS (attach ) - eNB - S-GW - HSS - EIR - WCDMA SGSN - WCDMA MSC server : 32,000 : 1,024 : 300 : 100 : 1,024 : 100

allowable number of Nodes

RAID

Number of external interfaces

4 x 10G ports and 4 x GE ports ( or Total GE : 8 ports) LESA : 2:1 LENA : 1:1 11 LEMA : 1:1 - 1Rack 1 shelf 1 system - 1Rack 2 shelf 1 system - 1 Rack 2 shelf 2 system

R d d Redundancy

Available System configuration

19

S-GW Specification
Item
Product Rack Dimension (H x W x D) Shelf Dimension (H x W x D) Throughput call processing performance EPS bearer

Description
S-GW (Serving Gateway) 2 000 x 600 x 800 mm 2,000 483 x 468 x 577 mm 33Gbps 5K CPS (bearer activation / deactivation ) 4.5M - eNB - MME - WCDMA SGSN - P-GW : 32,000 : 4,000 : 4,000 : 4,000
RAID

allowable number of Nodes

Number of external interfaces

12 x 10G ports & 12 x GE ports (or Total GE : 24 ports) LEDA : 2:1 LENA : 1:1 LEMA : 1:1 - 1Rack 1 shelf 1 system - 1 Rack 2 shelf 2 system

Redundancy

Available System configuration

20

P-GW Specification
Item
Product Rack Dimension (H x W x D) Shelf Dimension (H x W x D) Throughput call processing performance EPS bearer allowable number of Nodes Number of external interfaces

Description
P-GW (PDN Gateway) 2 000 x 600 x 800 mm 2,000 483 x 468 x 577 mm 23Gbps (with PCC*) 5K CPS 4.5M - S-GW - APN : 4,000 : 2,000

12 x 10G ports & 12 x GE ports (or Total GE : 24 ports) LEDA : 2:1 LENA : 1:1 LEMA : 1:1 - 1Rack 1 shelf 1 system - 1 Rack 2 shelf 2 system
RAID

Redundancy

Available System configuration

* PCC: SDF level QoS, FBC function support

21

Board Types and Functions

Category LESA Function LTE EPC Signaling interface board Assembly - Call processing in the MME - Control of mobility and session LTE EPC Management board Assembly - 200-Gbps packet switch - System Management LTE EPC Network interface board Assembly - Packet interface - Packet processing (10 GE, 1 XGE (10-Gbps I/F)) LTE EPC Data processing board Assembly - Packet processing and control in the S-GW and P-GW - Software-based packet control using the multi-core packet processor Data Processing shelf Backplane Board assembly-version 4 - Inter-board packet interface - Alarm channel within a shelf backplane

LEMA

LENA

LEDA

DPBB-4

22

MME System Architecture

EMS

LEMA
Main OAM Pkt Switch IPRS

LENA0
DIAMETER ALG

LENA1
DIAMETER ALG

LESA0
Subscriber DB Call Processing
S1-AP ALG

LESA3
Subscriber DB Call Processing
S1-AP ALG GTP-C ALG

LESA6
Subscriber DB Call Processing
S1-AP ALG GTP-C ALG

DNS Proxy y

DNS Proxy y

Pkt I/F

Pkt I/F
GTP-C, DNS

GTP-C ALG

S1-AP

Diameter

eNB

HSS/EIR

MME/S-GW/ MME/S GW/ DNS

IPRS : IP Routing Subsystem

23

S-GW System Architecture

EMS

LEMA
Main OAM Pkt Switch IPRS

LENA0
Load Distribution

LENA2
Load Distribution

LENA4
Protocol Proxy (GTP) Packet Forwarding Pkt I/F

LEDA0
Call Processing Packet Processing

LEDA3
Call Processing Packet Processing

Packet F Forwarding di Pkt I/F

Packet F Forwarding di Pkt I/F

GTP-C, GTP-U

S1-U

Ga

MME, MME P-GW

IPRS : IP Routing Subsystem

E-UTRAN

OFCS 24

P-GW System Architecture

EMS

LEMA
Main OAM Pkt Switch IPRS

LENA0
Load Distribution

LENA2
Load Distribution Protocol Proxy (Diameter)

LENA4
Protocol Proxy (DHCP) Packet Forwarding Pkt I/F

LEDA0
Call Processing Packet Processing

LEDA3
Call Processing Packet Processing

Protocol Proxy (GTP) Packet Forwarding Pkt I/F

Packet Forwarding Pkt I/F

GTP-C, GTP-U

SGi

Gx, Gz, Gy, Radius, DHCP

S-GW

PDN

PCRF/ OFCS/ OCS AAA/ S-GW DHCP

IPRS : IP Routing Subsystem

25

26

redundant configuration
The EPC supports redundancy of the board, process, interface, power supply, and fan to enhance reliability and availability for the consistent and reliable service service.
Target Board Fault description Board power supply failure Other devices failure Redundancy method redundancy N:1 redundancy Active/standby Interface Physical link failure Physical port failure Link aggregation (Link redundancy) Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) Internal path Power supply Fan Physical link failure Power short circuit Fan operation failure power supply redundancy Redundant fan configuration

27

Redundant structure of LESA, LEDA

Redundancy : LESA, LEDA (2:1) 1) The fault detection block of the LEMA board periodically monitors the status of all boards in a shelf using the hardware device information. 2) When an active board fails, a standby board detects the fault and switches to the active board. board 3) After fault is recovered, Active board is performed into Standby mode. (Backup board changed)

Normal Operation
Active LESA0 or LEDA0 Active LESA1 or LEDA1 Standby LESA2 or LEDA2 Backup Failure

Switch Over
A S A LESA2 or LEDA2

Non-Revertive mode
Standby A A LESA2 or LEDA2

After Recovery

LESA0 or LEDA0

LESA1 or LEDA1 Take over

LESA0 LESA1 or or LEDA0 LEDA1 Backup

28

Redundant structure of LEMA

Redundancy : LEMA (1:1) 1) The two duplicated boards exchange the data required for the redundancy through the redundant path between the boards. 2) When an active board fails, a standby board detects the fault and switches to the active board. board 3) After fault is recovered, Active board is performed into Standby mode. (Backup board changed)
Normal Operation
Active Backup LEMA0 OAM Standby LEMA1 LEMA0 OAM

Switchover
Standby -> Active

Recovery
Standby Backup Active LEMA0 OAM OAM LEMA1

Fail OAM

OAM

LEMA1

LESA0 or LEDA0

LESA1 or LEDA1

LENA0

LENA1

LESA0 or LEDA0

LESA1 or LEDA1

LENA0

LENA1

LESA0 or LEDA0

LESA1 or LEDA1

LENA0

LENA1

29

Redundant structure of LENA

Redundancy : LENA (Board : Dual Active, Interface :) 1) The fault detection block of the LEMA board periodically monitors the status of all boards in a shelf using the hardware device information. 2) When an active board fails, a standby board detects the fault and switches to the active board. board 3) After fault is recovered, Active board is performed into Standby mode. (Backup board changed)
Normal Operation
LEMA0 LEMA1

Switchover
LEMA0 LEMA1

Normal Operation
LEMA0 LEMA1

Active
LESA0 or LEDA0
LESA1 or LEDA1

Standby
LESA0 or LEDA0
LESA1 or LEDA1

Back p Backup CP CP LENA0 LENA1

LENA0

X
Fail CP

Active CP LENA1
LESA0 or LEDA0
LESA1 or LEDA1

Standby Backup CP LENA0

Active CP

LENA1

30

Interface Redundancy
Active Active

LESA 1 LESA 2 LEMA LENA 0

Active

Active/Standby
Backup

L2-S/W #1 Router #1

Standby

LESA 3

LENA 1
Standby

L2-S/W #2

Active Active

LESA 1 LESA 2 LEMA LENA 0

Active/Standby L2-S/W #1
Active

Router #1
Standby Backup

LESA 3

LENA 1
Active

L2-S/W #2

Active Active

LESA 1 LESA 2 LEMA LENA 0

Link Aggregation
Active

Link Aggregation gg g
Backup

L2-S/W
Standby

Router #1

LESA 3

LENA 1
Active

Active Active

LESA 1 LESA 2 LEMA LENA 0

Link Aggregation
Active

L2-S/W
Standby Backup

Router #1

LESA 3

LENA 1
Active

Active

ECMP
(Equal Cost Multi-Path)
Backup

LESA 1 LESA 2 LEMA LENA0 LENA 0

ECMP
Active

Active

Router #1

Standby

LESA 3

LENA 1
Active

Router #2

Active

LESA 1

ECMP LENA 0 LEMA

Active

Active

LESA 2

Routing table update

Router #1

Standby Backup

LESA 3

LENA 1
Active

Router #2

31