Oil and Gas Measurement & Control

Introduction A flow meter is a measuring device for determining the flow rate of a fluid, normally in a pipe, e.g., the flow of natural gas, or oil, or waste water. With these instruments, an immense amount of money is controlled, and thus, flow metering has an enormous economical significance. It is reported in relevant Publications and Journals that the costs that are controlled by flow meters are estimated as being worldwide of the order of 10,000 billion US dollars per year. One percent uncertainty in the measurement would still represent a considerable value. Flowmeters affects greatly the accuracy of processes, and control systems, plus its critical application when comes to custody type of measurements. In this course delegates will have the opportunity to learn about the different types of Flowmeters, their design, operation, performance and application. This will help selecting the appropriate Flowmeters for the application. Limitations, and problems associated with each type of flowmeters will be analyzed thoroughly, thus enabling one to troubleshoot and correct the error that might occur during measurements. Flowmeters reliability can not be assured unless a periodic calibration and maintenance program been adopted. Calibration methods and appropriate provers for different type of meters will also be discussed in this course.

Course Objectives: The participant will gain the following once attend this course 1. Learn more about different types of flowmeters and their application 2. Learn about the requirements of accurate flow measurements 3. Learn about different calibration methods and provers 4. Learn about the flowmeters performance and operation 5. Learn about the limitation and problems associated with different flowmeters types, thus enabling troubleshooting and correction action 6. Become more capable of selecting the appropriate flowmeter that suite the application best Who should attend the course? This course is designed for mechanical and operation engineers and senior technicians who are responsible for specifying, selecting, operating, and troubleshooting and maintaining flowmeters. Course Methodology A highly interactive combination of lectures and discussion sessions will be managed to maximize the amount and quality of information and knowledge transfer. The sessions will start by raising the most relevant questions, and motivate everybody find the right answers. The delegates will also be encouraged to raise their own questions and to share in the development of the right answers using their own analysis and experiences. Tests of multiple-choice type will be made available on daily basis to examine the effectiveness of delivering the course.

Course Topics 1. Basics of Flow Metering Pipe Flows Fully Developed Flow vs. Developing Flow Laminar Flow vs. Turbulent Flow Incompressible Flow vs. Compressible Flow Steady Flow vs. Unsteady Flow Uniform Flow vs. Pulsating Flow Swirling Flow Three-Dimensional Flow Single-Phase vs. Multi-Phase Flow Types of Fluid Flow Measurements Fiscal Metering & Custody Transfer Non-Custody Transfer Measurement Multiphase Flow Measurement Quality Assurance & Standards American Gas Association (AGA) American Petroleum Institute (API) Instrument Society of America (ISA) American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) Gas Processors Association (GPA)

2. Primary Flow Measurement Devices Types of Flowmeters Differential Pressure Flowmeters Orifice Plates Flow Nozzles Venturi Tubes Variable Area - Rotameters Velocity Flowmeters Pitot Tubes Calorimetric Flowmeter Turbine Flowmeter Vortex Flowmeter Electromagnetic Flowmeter Ultrasonic Doppler Flowmeter Positive Displacement Flowmeters Liquid PD Meters Gas PD Meters Mass Flowmeters Thermal Flowmeter Coriolis Flowmeter 3. Metering Requirement Flowmeters Performance Accuracy Repeatability Linearity Rangeability Traceability Performance Statement Reference Performance Actual Performance

Ambient Conditions Mounting Orientation Stability (Drift) Flow Measurement Accuracy Definition of Uncertainty Uncertainty Sources Uncertainty Components Error and Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty Combined Standard Uncertainty Expanded Uncertainty 4. Flow Meters Calibration & Installation Guide Proving Systems Liquid Provers Gas Provers Critical Flow Provers Central Test Facility Onsite Proving Auditing Auditing Gas Measurement Systems Auditing Liquid Measurement Systems Auditing Analysis Equipment Installation Requirements Ideal vs. Non-Ideal Installation Fluid Characteristics Liquids vs. Gases Flow Pattern Operation Consideration Readouts and Related Devices

4. Flowmeters Troubleshooting and maintenance Flowmeters Troubleshooting Influence of Turbulence Effect o Area Change in Swirling Flow Errors of Turbine Meters due to Swirl Three-Dimensional Flow Effect on Turbine Flowmeter Effects of Disturbed Inflow on Vortex Flowmeters Error due to Installation Effects Error due to Flow Disturbances Flowmeters Maintenance Maintenance of Gas Meters Effects of Liquids and Solids on Flowmeters Maintenance of Liquid Meters Specific Liquid Maintenance Problems

Course Leader: Professor Taha Aldoss is a Senior Associate Consultant with number of Training and Consultation companies, specializing in Pumps, Compressors, Heat Exchangers, Piping systems and Valves, Flowmeters types and application, Flow Measurements and Control. Professor Aldoss graduated from Case Western Reserve University, USA in Mechanical engineering. He worked in Jordan Petroleum Refinery for a number of years as a maintenance and workshop engineer. As a consultant, he has worked for many industrial projects involving piping systems, valves, heat exchangers, and turbomachinery. Professor Aldoss teaching mechanical engineering courses in number of universities, and does deliver technical courses in pumps, compressors, heat exchanger, and piping systems and valves for engineers and technicians in industry, especially for the petrochemical companies in Saudi Arabia and in the Gulf region. Professor Aldoss has been awarded a number of prizes for his distinguished publications and research work. His awards include the Shoman prize and the Fulbright Fellowship. He has more than 60 publications in international journals and international conferences. He also holds three patents.