Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cryptococcosis (outside the lungs) Cryptosporidiosis in the intestines lasting for more than 1 month Cytomegalovirus [CMV] (outside the liver, spleen, or lymph nodes) Cytomegalovirus retinitis [CMV] (with loss of vision) HIV encephalopathy Herpes Simplex lesions lasting for more than one month Herpes Simplex in the bronchi, lung, or esophagus Histoplasmosis (disseminated or outside the lungs) Immunoblastic lymphoma Invasive cervical carcinoma (cancer) Isosporiasis in the intestines lasting for more than one month Kaposi's Sarcoma Lymphoma (primary in the brain) Mycobacterium avium complex [MAC] (disseminated or outside the lungs) Mycobacterium kansasii (disseminated or outside the lungs) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) Mycobacterium [other types] (disseminated or outside the lungs) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Pneumonia (recurrent in 12 month period) Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) Salmonella septicemia (recurrent) Toxoplasmosis (in the brain) Wasting syndrome
Protozoa Gastroenteritis Cyptosporidium (inflammation of muris stomach-intestine membranes) Isospora belli Gastroenteritis Investigational only Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) Pyrimethamine and leucovorin, plus sulfadiazine, or Clindamycin, Bactrim Nystatin, clotrimazole, ketoconazole Amphotericin B, fluconazole, ketoconazole Amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole Trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra), Pentamidine, Dapsone Rifampin + ethambutol +
(MAC)
Pneumonia
Pneumonia Mycobacterium (tuberculosis), tuberculosis(TB) meningitis, dissemination Viruses Fever, hepatitis, Cytomegalovirus encephalitis, renitis, (CMV) pneumonia, colitis, esophagitis Oral hairy leukoplakia, Epstein-Barr B cell lymphoma Mucocutaneous (mouth, genital, rectal) blisters and/or ulcers, Herpes simplex pneumonia, esophagitis, encephalitis Progressive multifocal Papovavirus J-C leukoencephalopathy Dermatomal skin Varicella-zoster lesions (shingles), encephalitis Cancers Disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma mucocutaneous lesions
clofazimine + cirpofloxacin +/amikacin; clarithromycin & azithromycin (both investigational) Isoniazid (INH) + rifampin + ethambutol +/pyrazinamide
Acyclovir
often involving skin, lymph nodes, visceral organs (especially lungs & GI tract) Headache, palsies, Primary seizures, hemiparesis, lymphoma of the mental status, or brain personality changes Fever, night sweats, Systemic weight loss, enlarged lymphomas lymph nodes
radiation to small, localized lesions; Chemotherapy with vincristine & Bleomycin Radiation and/or chemotherapy
Chemother
. Candidiasis (Thrush) A description of candidiasis (thrush), including transmission, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. [Revised: April 26, 2007] 502. Cryptosporidiosis A description of the opportunistic infection cryptosporidiosis, including symptoms, prevention and treatment. [Revised: April 12, 2007] 503. Cryptococcal Meningitis A description of the opportunistic infection cryptococcal meningitis, including symptoms, prevention and treatment. [Revised: April 26, 2007] 504. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) A description of the opportunistic infection cytomegalovirus (CMV), including symptoms, prevention and treatment. [Revised: April 26, 2007] 505. Dementia and Nervous System Problems A description of dementia and central nervous system problems, including symptoms, prevention and treatment. [Revised: October 27, 2006] 506. Hepatitis: Overview A description of the seven types of viral hepatitis, their symptoms and diagnosis. Basic information on treatment. [Revised: July 23, 2007] 507. Hepatitis C A description of hepatitis C, its diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Discussion of co-infection with both HIV and hepatitis C. [Revised: April 26, 2007] 508. Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores and Genital Herpes) A description of herpes simplex virus that causes cold sores or genital herpes, and its interactions with HIV infection. Transmission, treatment and prevention of herpes simplex. [Revised: May 2, 2007] 509. Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
A description of shingles (herpes zoster), including transmission, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. [Revised: September 1, 2006] 510. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) A description of human papillomaviruses (HPV) and the problems they can cause, including genital warts and cervical dysplasia. [Revised: November 9, 2006] 511. Kaposis Sarcoma (KS) A description of the opportunistic infection Kaposi?s Sarcoma (KS), including symptoms, prevention and treatment. [Revised: May 13, 2007] 512. Lymphoma A description of the opportunistic infection Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL), including symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. [Revised: July 23, 2007] 513. Molluscum A description of the opportunistic infection molluscum contagiosum, including symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. [Revised: May 13, 2007] 514. Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) A description of the opportunistic infection Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC), including symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. [Revised: July 23, 2007] 515. Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) A description of the opportunistic infection pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP), including symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and treatment. [Revised: April 12, 2007] 516. Progressive Multifocal Leucoencephalopathy (PML) A description of the opportunistic infection progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), including symptoms, diagnosis and
treatment. [Revised: April 26, 2007] 517. Toxoplasmosis A description of toxoplasmosis, including transmission, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. [Revised: July 23, 2007] 518. Tuberculosis (TB) A description of tuberculosis (TB), including transmission, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. [Revised: October 27, 2006] 519. Wasting Syndrome A description of AIDS wasting, including causes and treatments. [Revised: April 12, 2007]
be administered when the CD4+ T cell count falls below 100 cells per cubic millimeter of blood.
Herpes Simplex This virus causes genital herpes, which are painful blisters in the genital area, or cold sores. Severe conditions are more common in the advanced stage of AIDS. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) This condition is considered the most common sexually transmitted disease (STD) in the United States. It can cause warts on the anus, cervix, esophagus, penis, urethra, vagina and vulva. Studies have shown that certain types of HPV can contribute to the development of cervical and anal cancer. Individuals with HIV and AIDS are at increased risk for developing precancerous and cancerous lesions.
Pneumocystis Carinii This condition occurs when a fungus infects the lungs. Symptoms may include fever, cough, difficulty breathing, weight loss, night sweats and fatigue. It is most likely to occur when the CD4+ T cell count falls below 200 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Preventative treatment may be administered when the CD4+ T cell count falls below 200 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Treatment is usually trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, also called Septra or Bactrim, dapsone or atovoquone. Recurrent Pneumonia People with AIDS are at risk for recurrent bacterial pneumonia. Bacteria can infect the lungs, which may lead to problems ranging from a mild cough to severe pneumonia. Recurrent pneumonia is most likely to occur when the CD4+ T cell count falls below 200 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Tuberculosis (TB) This is a serious, and often deadly, bacterial infection that primarily infects the lungs. TB is transmitted when a person with active TB coughs or sneezes, releasing microscopic particles into the air. If inhaled, these particles may transmit the condition. Once infected by TB, most people remain healthy and develop only latent infection. People with latent infection are neither sick nor infectious. However, they do have the potential to become sick and infectious with active TB. It can occur at any CD4+ T cell level but especially when the CD4+ T cell count falls below 350 cells per cubic millimeter of blood.
A discussion of the antifungal drug fluconazole (Diflucan) used to fight some AIDS-related opportunistic infections. [Revised: April 12, 2007] 535. Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole A discussion of the combination of antibiotic drugs trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (also called Bactrim, Septra, TMP/SMX, Cotrimoxazole) used to fight some AIDS-related opportunistic infections. [Revised: June 25, 2007] 536. Filgrastim (Neupogen) A description of the drug filgrastim (neupogen) used to treat neutropenia, a shortage of a type of white blood cell. [Revised: June 25, 2007] 537. Pentamidine A discussion of the drug Pentamidine used to fight some AIDSrelated opportunistic infections. [Revised: July 23, 2007] 538. Atovaquone (Mepron) A discussion of the drug Atovaquone used to fight some AIDSrelated opportunistic infections. [Revised: April 26, 2007]