Vocabulary succinctness muddled stagnation elusive imperceptible minute tenuous mischievous intrusive compromise deftness supplant divergence from

belie amplify conjunction with anachronistic immutable embellished immersed orthodox clearly expressed in a few words to put things in the wrong order to stop developing or making progress an elusive person or animal is difcult to nd or not often seen almost impossible to see or notice 1. extremely small! 2. paying careful attention to the smallest details

Denition

a situation or relationship that is tenuous is uncertain, weak, or likely to change someone who is mischievous likes to have fun, especially by playing tricks on people or doing things to annoy or embarrass them affecting someones private life or interrupting them in an unwanted and annoying way an agreement that is achieved after everyone involved accepts less than what they wanted at rst, or the act of making this agreement a deft movement is skillful, and often quick to take the place of a person or thing so that they are no longer used, no longer in a position of power etc if opinions, interests etc diverge, they are different from each other to give someone a false idea about something to increase the effects or strength of something working, happening, or being used with someone or something else someone or something that seems to belong to the past, not the present never changing or impossible to change to make something more beautiful by adding decorations to it immerse yourself in something to become completely involved in an activity 1. orthodox ideas, methods, or behavior are accepted by most people to be correct and right! 2. someone who is orthodox has the opinions and beliefs that are generally accepted as being right, and does not have new or different ideas! 3. believing in all the traditional beliefs, laws, and practices of a religion slow and unwilling a situation that seems strange because it involves two ideas or qualities that are very different a precarious situation or state is one which may very easily or quickly become worse rigid methods, systems etc are very strict and difcult to change happiness and laughter the quality of being serious in behavior or manner great care and thoroughness in making sure that something is correct to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to do this by unexpected events a feeling of happiness and a belief that you can deal with problems easily friendly but quite polite and formal showing your good feelings in a very excited way refusing to consider someone or something seriously friendly and happy in a general way, relating to the main facts rather than details

reluctant to paradox precarious rigidity mirth solemnity rigor improvisation buoyancy cordial effusive dismissive genial broadly

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Vocabulary condemned derided instigated conceived coveted precision meticulousness dispersed mediated impetuousness inferior infamous conjoin realign salvage from diffuses defer to amboyance nonchalance indispensable expeditious unassuming sufce implausibility entrenched prevalent novelty infrequent disingenuous debilitating diminutive prosaic persistent extension sovereign mystical 1. a condemned person is going to be punished by being killed ! 2. a condemned building is ofcially not safe to live in or use

Denition

to make remarks or jokes that show you think someone or something is silly or useless to make a process start, especially one relating to law or politics to imagine a particular situation or to think about something in a particular way to have a very strong desire to have something that someone else has the quality of being very exact or correct very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions to try to end a quarrel between two people, groups, countries etc tending to do things very quickly, without thinking carefully rst, or showing this quality not good, or not as good as someone or something else well known for being bad or evil to join together, or to make things or people do this to change the way in which something is organized to save something from an accident or bad situation in which other things have already been damaged, destroyed, or lost to spread ideas or information among a lot of people, or to spread like this to delay something until a later date behaving in a condent or exciting way that makes people notice you behaving calmly and not seeming interested in anything or worried about anything someone or something that is indispensable is so important or useful that it is impossible to manage without them in a quick and effective way showing no desire to be noticed or given special treatment to be enough difcult to believe and therefore unlikely to be true strongly established and not likely to change common at a particular time, in a particular place, or among a particular group of people the quality of being new, unusual, and interesting not happening often not sincere and slightly dishonest to make someone ill and weak small boring or ordinary continuing to exist or happen, especially for longer than is usual or desirable the process of making a road, building etc bigger or longer, or the part that is added a king or queen involving religious, spiritual , or magical powers that people cannot understand

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Vocabulary mediocre eloquent vapid perniciousness whimsicality plasticity retraction tenet plight prospectus tentative lavish dazzled novelty jaded mundane unsubstantiated fad qualication averse to encumbrance oversight disgruntled undaunted consensus jeopardized worthwhile promoted disreputable recalled nonchalant jovial harassed stellar deftness stirring not very good

Denition able to express your ideas and opinions well, especially in a way that inuences people lacking intelligence, interest, or imagination something that is precious is valuable and important and should not be wasted or used without care unusual or strange and often amusing the quality of being easily made into any shape, and of staying in that shape until someone changes it an ofcial statement that something which you said previously is not true a principle or belief, especially one that is part of a larger system of beliefs a very bad situation that someone is in a small book that advertises a school, college, new business etc not denite or certain, and may be changed later large, impressive, or expensive if a very bright light dazzles you, it stops you from seeing properly for a short time the quality of being new, unusual, and interesting someone who is jaded is no longer interested in or excited by something, usually because they have experienced too much of it ordinary and not interesting or exciting not proved to be true something that people like or do for a short time, or that is fashionable for a short time if you have a qualication, you have passed an examination or course to show you have a particular level of skill or knowledge in a subject 1. not be averse to something: to quite enjoy something, especially something that is slightly wrong or bad for you! 2. be aver to (doing) something: unwilling to do something or not liking something to make it difcult for you to do something or for something to happen a mistake in which you forget something or do not notice something annoyed or disappointed, especially because things have not happened in the way that you wanted not afraid of continuing to try to do something in spite of difculties or danger an opinion that everyone in a group agrees with or accepts to risk losing or spoiling something important if something is worthwhile, it is important or useful, or you gain something from it to help something to develop or increase considered to be dishonest, bad, illegal etc to remember a particular fact, event, or situation from the past behaving calmly and not seeming interested in anything or worried about anything friendly and happy anxious and tired because you have too many problems or things to do extremely good a deft movement is skillful, and often quick producing strong feelings or excitement in someone

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Vocabulary satirical humdrum contentious fabricated overlooked chicanery hyperbole voided perused dearth plethora incentive commission ascribe inducted indelible fastidious obtuse administrators monitors accountant benefactor dees hierarchical impulsive unparalleled dislodge indulged stringent upkeep circumscribed bolstered embellished eminent entrusted rened boring and ordinary, and having no variety or interest causing a lot of argument and disagreement between people to invent a story, piece of information etc in order to deceive someone to not notice something, or not see how important it is the use of clever plans or actions to deceive people

Denition a way of criticizing something such as a group of people or a system, in which you deliberately make them seem funny so that people will see their faults

a way of describing something by saying it is much bigger, smaller, worse etc than it actually is to make a contract or agreement void so that it has no legal effect to read something, especially in a careful way a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need a very large number of something, usually more than you need something that encourages you to work harder, start a new activity etc a group of people who have been given the ofcial job of nding out about something or controlling something to claim that something is caused by a particular person, situation etc to ofcially give someone a job or position of authority, especially at a special ceremony impossible to remove or forget very careful about small details in your appearance, work etc slow to understand things, in a way that is annoying someone whose job involves managing the work of a company or organization somebody who watches an activity someone whose job is to watch an activity or a situation to see how it changes or develops, or to make sure that it is fair and legal someone whose job is to keep and check nancial accounts, calculate taxes etc someone who gives money for a good purpose to refuse to obey a law or rule, or refuse to do what someone in authority tells you to do if a system, organization etc is hierarchical, people or things are divided into levels of importance someone who is impulsive does things without considering the possible dangers or problems rst bigger, better, or worse than anything else to force or knock something out of its position to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered bad for you a stringent law, rule, standard etc is very strict and must be obeyed the process of keeping something in good condition to limit power, rights, or abilities to help someone to feel better and more positive to make something more beautiful by adding decorations to it an eminent person is famous, important, and respected to make someone responsible for doing something important, or for taking care of someone a substance that is rened has been made pure by an industrial process

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Vocabulary roamed mild benign evading bent prodigious promotion commodity imperceptible intimidated hostile duplicitous candid surreptitious falter conversant decient communal uncompromising conviction dearth spate diminution plethora erosion scattering prose fastidiousness verbosity aptly hailed proponent adversaries regression stigma aridity fairly warm kind and gentle

Denition to walk or travel, usually for a long time, with no clear purpose or direction

to avoid talking about something, especially because you are trying to hide something completely determined to do something very large or great in a surprising or impressive way the activity of persuading people to support something a product that is bought and sold almost impossible to see or notice feeling worried and lacking condence because of the situation you are in or the people you are with angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them dishonest behavior that is intended to deceive someone telling the truth, even when the truth may be unpleasant or embarrassing done secretly or quickly because you do not want other people to notice to become weaker and unable to continue in an effective way having knowledge or experience of something not containing or having enough of something shared by a group of people or animals, especially a group who live together unwilling to change your opinions or intentions a very strong belief or opinion a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need a large number of similar things that happen in a short period of time, especially bad things a reduction in the size, number, or amount of something a very large number of something, usually more than you need the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea a small number of things or people spread out over a large area written language in its usual form, as opposed to poetry very careful about small details in your appearance, work etc using or containing too many words named, described etc in a way that seems very suitable to describe someone or something as being very good someone who supports something or persuades people to do something a country or person you are ghting or competing against the act of returning to an earlier condition that is worse or less developed a strong feeling in society that being in a particular situation or having a particular illness is something to be ashamed of 1. arid land or an arid climate is very dry because it has very little rain! 2. not having any new, interesting, or exciting features or qualities

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Vocabulary yield prosperity splinter dispersed adversity triumph astute deferential disingenuous circumvent equivocation ruthless altruistic diplomacy incredulous beholden craven entitled exile intricate premises deduces distill disclose apathy pedantic reticence pensive quirkiness difdence aloof predilection polemic belittled lax verbose edifying to produce a result, answer, or piece of information when people have money and everything that is needed for a good life

Denition

a small sharp piece of wood, glass, or metal, that has broken off a larger piece if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions a situation in which you have a lot of problems that seem to be caused by bad luck an important victory or success after a difcult struggle able to understand situations or behavior very well and very quickly, especially so that you can get an advantage for yourself polite behavior that shows that you respect someone and are therefore willing to accept their opinions or judgment not sincere and slightly dishonest to avoid a problem or rule that restricts you, especially in a clever or dishonest way to avoid giving a clear or direct answer to a question so determined to get what you want that you do not care if you have to hurt other people in order to do it altruistic behavior shows that you care about and will help other people, even though this brings no advantage for yourself skill in dealing with people without upsetting them unable or unwilling to believe something to feel that you have a duty to someone because they have done something for you completely lacking courage to give someone the ofcial right to do or have something a situation in which you are forced to leave your country and live in another country, especially for political reasons containing many small parts or details that all work or t together a statement or idea that you accept as true and use as a base for developing other ideas to use the knowledge and information you have in order to understand something or form an opinion about it to get the main ideas or facts from a much larger amount of information to make something publicly known, especially after it has been kept secret the feeling of not being interested in something, and not willing to make any effort to change or improve things paying too much attention to rules or to small unimportant details unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know thinking a lot about something, especially because you are worried or sad unusual, especially in an interesting way shy and not wanting to make people notice you or talk about you unfriendly and deliberately not talking to other people if you have a predilection for something, especially something unusual, you like it very much a written or spoken statement that strongly criticizes or defends a particular idea, opinion, or person to make someone or something seem small or unimportant not strict or careful enough about standards of behavior, work, safety etc using or containing too many words an edifying speech, book etc improves your mind or moral character by teaching you something

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Vocabulary succinctness inclination retrenchment preeminence subtle tenuous ineffable endorse spellbinding boomerang reciprocate prevail insubstantial esoteric capricious indignant tenable delusion digression substantiated ecks otsam decimation sustenance churlish benevolent laconic robust mercurial corrosive disingenuous implacable phlegmatic sprawling desolate gaudy clearly expressed in a few words a feeling that makes you want to do something if a government or organization retrenches, it spends less money

Denition

much more important, more powerful, or better than any others of its kind not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention a situation or relationship that is tenuous is uncertain, weak, or likely to change too great to be described in words to express formal support or approval for someone or something extremely interesting and holding your attention completely

if a plan or action boomerangs on someone, it affects them badly instead of affecting the person who it was intended to affect
to do or give something, because something similar has been done or given to you if a belief, custom, situation etc prevails, it exists among a group of people at a certain time not solid, large, strong, or denite known and understood by only a few people who have special knowledge about something likely to change your mind suddenly or behave in an unexpected way angry and surprised because you feel insulted or unfairly treated a belief, argument etc that is tenable is reasonable and can be defended successfully a false belief about yourself or the situation you are in to talk or write about something that is not your main subject to prove the truth of something that someone has said, claimed etc a small mark or spot broken pieces of wood and other things from a wrecked ship, oating in the sea or scattered on the shore to destroy a large part of something food that people or animals need in order to live not polite or friendly kind and generous using only a few words to say something a robust person is strong and healthy having feelings that change suddenly and without warning gradually making something weaker, and possibly destroying it not sincere and slightly dishonest very determined to continue opposing someone or something calm and not easily excited or worried spreading over a wide area in an untidy or unattractive way a place that is desolate is empty and looks sad because there are no people there clothes, colors etc that are gaudy are too bright and look cheap

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Vocabulary monumental misnomer precursor stringent dispersive recessive dissent prohibited militant preoccupation prolic lugubrious sundry remonstrance painstaking wrongheaded mural aviation discern assert explicit precipitous hostility pejorative cathartic compunction about retentive tenacious nebulous trenchant circumspect prosaic benign garnished improvisational proprietary generic a wrong or unsuitable name

Denition a monumental achievement, piece of work etc is very important and is usually based on many years of work something that happened or existed before something else and inuenced its development a stringent law, rule, standard etc is very strict and must be obeyed if a group of people disperse or are dispersed, they go away in different directions a recessive gene is passed to children from their parents only if both parents have the gene refusal to agree with an ofcial decision or accepted opinion to say that an action is illegal or not allowed a militant organization or person is willing to use strong or violent action in order to achieve political or social change when someone thinks or worries about something a lot, with the result that they do not pay attention to other things a prolic artist, writer etc produces many works of art, books etc very sad and serious everyone, not just a few carefully chosen people a complaint or protest very careful and thorough used to describe an idea, plan, or belief that someone has, that is based on wrong ideas that they are not willing to change a painting that is painted on a wall, either inside or outside a building the science or practice of ying in aircraft to notice or understand something by thinking about it carefully to state rmly that something is true expressed in a way that is very clear and direct very sudden when someone is unfriendly and full of anger towards another person a word or expression that is pejorative is used to show disapproval or to insult someone helping you to remove strong or violent emotions a feeling that you should not do something because it is bad or wrong a retentive memory or mind is able to hold facts and remember them determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difcult an idea that is nebulous is not at all clear or exact expressed very strongly, effectively, and directly without worrying about offending people thinking carefully about something before doing it, in order to avoid risk boring or ordinary kind and gentle to add something to food in order to decorate it to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to do this by unexpected events a proprietary product is one that is sold under a trade name relating to a whole group of things rather than to one thing

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Vocabulary tout efcacious innocuous prohibitive laud counterproductive prescriptive perceptiveness complacent insightfulness self-critical voracious slovenly insatiable unpalatable revivalist disparager progenitor platitudes machinations acclamation ornate terse opinionated baroque embellished intricate embraced abstinence exotic succulent customarily ambivalence about aversion to predilection for atypical bereavement working in the way you intended not offensive, dangerous, or harmful

Denition to praise something or someone in order to persuade people that they are important or worth a lot

prohibitive costs are so high that they prevent people from buying or doing something to praise someone or something achieving the opposite result to the one that you want saying how something should or must be done, or what should be done someone who is perceptive notices things quickly and understands situations, peoples feelings etc well pleased with a situation, especially something you have achieved, so that you stop trying to improve or change things able to understand, or showing that you understand, what a situation or person is really like when you judge your own behavior or character, especially when you have done something bad eating or wanting large quantities of food lazy, untidy, and careless always wanting more and more of something an unpalatable fact or idea is very unpleasant and difcult to accept organized attempts to make a religion more popular to criticize someone or something in a way that shows you do not think they are very good or important someone who rst thought of an idea a statement that has been made many times before and is not interesting or clever secret, clever, and often unfair methods used to achieve something a loud expression of approval or welcome covered with a lot of decoration a terse reply, message etc uses very few words and often shows that you are annoyed expressing very strong opinions about things relating to the very decorated style of art, music, buildings etc, that was common in Europe in the 17th and early 18th centuries to make something more beautiful by adding decorations to it containing many small parts or details that all work or t together to eagerly accept a new idea, opinion, religion etc the practice of not having something you enjoy, especially alcohol or sex, usually for reasons of religion or health something that is exotic seems unusual and interesting because it is related to a foreign country juicy and good to eat something that is customary is normal because it is the way something is usually done not sure whether you want or like something or not a strong dislike of something or someone if you have a predilection for something, especially something unusual, you like it very much not typical or usual when someone loses a close friend or relative because they have died

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Vocabulary enigma demise ostentatious reticent pragmatic impervious lackluster apathy recruit imbecile deserter interloper refutation mediocrity renowned salutary marginal staunchly convivial steadfast certitude interceded perennial supersede acquisitive diverting lucrative air evasiveness futility accusation conspicuous pliant stunted propitiatory rapturous pedantic someone or something that is strange and difcult to understand the end of something that used to exist

Denition

something that is ostentatious looks very expensive and is designed to make people think that its owner must be very rich unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know dealing with problems in a sensible practical way instead of strictly following a set of ideas not affected or inuenced by something and seeming not to notice it not exciting, impressive etc the feeling of not being interested in something, and not willing to make any effort to change or improve things to nd new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc someone who is very stupid or behaves very stupidly a soldier who leaves the army, navy etc without permission someone who enters a place or group where they should not be to prove that a statement or idea is not correct not very good known and admired by a lot of people, especially for a special skill, achievement, or quality a salutary experience is unpleasant but teaches you something a marginal change or difference is too small to be important giving strong loyal support to another person, organization, belief etc friendly and pleasantly cheerful faithful and very loyal the state of being or feeling certain about something to speak in support of someone, especially in order to try to prevent them from being punished continuing or existing for a long time, or happening again and again if a new idea, product, or method supersedes another one, it becomes used instead because it is more modern or effective wanting to have and keep a lot of possessions entertaining and amusing a job or activity that is lucrative lets you earn a lot of money a natural ability to do something very well not willing to answer questions directly actions that are futile are useless because they have no chance of being successful a statement saying that someone is guilty of a crime or of doing something wrong very easy to notice soft and moving easily in the way that you want not developing properly or to full size a proprietary product is one that is sold under a trade name expressing great happiness or admiration paying too much attention to rules or to small unimportant details

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Vocabulary enigmatic multitude residual formulaic superuous prohibitive subsidize eschew amend forgo reiterate eccentric abstruse contrived convoluted analogous unsubstantiated inscrutable bounty obtuseness dearth serendipity substantiation amicability facetious prescient reticent improvident notorious capricious expedient ubiquitous surly weary perturbed tranquil stoic mysterious and difcult to understand a very large number of people or things remaining after a process, event etc is nished

Denition

containing or made from ideas or expressions that have been used many times before and are therefore not very new or interesting more than is needed or wanted prohibitive costs are so high that they prevent people from buying or doing something if a government or organization subsidizes a company, activity etc, it pays part of its costs to deliberately avoid doing or using something to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken to not do or have something pleasant or enjoyable to repeat a statement or opinion in order to make your meaning as clear as possible behaving in a way that is unusual and different from most people unnecessarily complicated and difcult to understand seeming false and not natural complicated and difcult to understand similar to another situation or thing so that a comparison can be made not proved to be true someone who is inscrutable shows no emotion or reaction in the expression on their face so that it is impossible to know what they are feeling or thinking an amount of money that is given to someone by the government as a reward for doing something, especially catching or killing a criminal slow to understand things, in a way that is annoying a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need when interesting or valuable discoveries are made by accident to prove the truth of something that someone has said, claimed etc friendly and easy to like saying things that are intended to be clever and funny but are really silly and annoying able to imagine or know what will happen in the future unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know too careless to save any money or to plan for the future famous or well known for something bad likely to change your mind suddenly or behave in an unexpected way helping you to deal with a problem quickly and effectively although sometimes in a way that is not morally right seeming to be everywhere bad-tempered and unfriendly very tired or bored, especially because you have been doing something for a long time worried about something that has happened or will happen pleasantly calm, quiet, and peaceful someone who does not show their emotions and does not complain when bad things happen to them

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Vocabulary ebullient reticent jocular resilient pertinent poignant consummate doctrinaire stunted hinder reconcile soothe coddled taunted prodded chided banal proximity reticent complacent docile deferential unrelenting perused stirred provocation conducive invaluable extremist tacit impetuous paradoxically reconcile superiority inferiority levity blatantly very happy and excited unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know joking or humorous

Denition

able to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difcult situation or event directly relating to something that is being considered making you feel sad or full of pity showing a lot of skill certain that your beliefs or opinions are correct and unwilling to change them not developing properly or to full size to make it difcult for something to develop or succeed if you reconcile two ideas, situations, or facts, you nd a way in which they can both be true or acceptable to make someone feel calmer and less anxious, upset, or angry to treat someone in a way that is too kind and gentle and that protects them from pain or difculty to try to make someone angry or upset by saying unkind things to them to quickly push something or someone with your nger or a pointed object to tell someone that you do not approve of something that they have done or said ordinary and not interesting, because of a lack of new or different ideas nearness in distance or time unwilling to talk about what you feel or what you know pleased with a situation, especially something you have achieved, so that you stop trying to improve or change things quiet and easily controlled polite behavior that shows that you respect someone and are therefore willing to accept their opinions or judgment an unpleasant situation that is unrelenting continues for a long time without stopping to read something, especially in a careful way to cause trouble between people by spreading false or secret information an action or event that makes someone angry or upset, or is intended to do this if a situation is conducive to something such as work, rest etc, it provides conditions that make it easy for you to work etc extremely useful someone who has extreme political opinions and aims, and who is willing to do unusual or illegal things in order to achieve them tacit agreement, approval, support etc is given without anything actually being said tending to do things very quickly, without thinking carefully rst, or showing this quality in a way that is surprising because it is the opposite of what you would expect if you reconcile two ideas, situations, or facts, you nd a way in which they can both be true or acceptable the quality of being better, more skillful, more powerful etc than other people or things when someone or something is not good or not as good as someone or something else lack of respect or seriousness when you are dealing with something serious something bad that is blatant is very clear and easy to see, but the person responsible for it does not seem embarrassed or ashamed

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Vocabulary impudent insolent loquacious articulate intricate delicate abashed cacophonous whimsical prominent recalcitrant subservient overweening callous conciliatory partisan imperturbable cynical trivial stilted convoluted lucid poignant austere marginal touted unprecedented disparaged retrospect turmoil tranquil intractable dire convergent amateurs skeptics pioneers rude and showing no respect to other people rude and not showing any respect a loquacious person likes to talk a lot to express your ideas or feelings in words containing many small parts or details that all work or t together

Denition

needing to be dealt with carefully or sensitively in order to avoid problems or failure embarrassed or ashamed because you have done something wrong or stupid a loud unpleasant mixture of sounds unusual or strange and often amusing important refusing to do what you are told to do, even after you have been punished always obeying another person and doing everything they want you to do too proud and condent not caring that other people are suffering doing something that is intended to make someone stop arguing with you strongly supporting a particular political party, plan, or leader, usually without considering the other choices carefully remaining calm and unworried in spite of problems or difculties unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something not serious, important, or valuable a stilted style of writing or speaking is formal and unnatural complicated and difcult to understand expressed in a way that is clear and easy to understand making you feel sad or full of pity plain and simple and without any decoration a marginal change or difference is too small to be important to praise something or someone in order to persuade people that they are important or worth a lot never having happened before, or never having happened so much to criticize someone or something in a way that shows you do not think they are very good or important in retrospect: thinking back to a time in the past, especially with the advantage of knowing more now than you did then a state of confusion, excitement, or anxiety pleasantly calm, quiet, and peaceful having a strong will and difcult to control extremely serious or terrible to come from different directions and meet at the same point to become one thing someone who does an activity just for pleasure, not as their job a person who disagrees with particular claims and statements, especially those that are generally thought to be true someone who is important in the early development of something, and whose work or ideas are later developed by other people

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Vocabulary endorsed derided meddling indulged libel bombast absolutist indecisive insensitive ideologue proximity afuence auspicious municent revived likelihood dispense with pretext subsistence frivolous gratifying arduous adulation averse to introspection mindful of scal complicit deceitful commending cynical indecision buoyancy mimicked gullibility

Denition someone who is important in the early development of something, and whose work or ideas are later developed by other people to make remarks or jokes that show you think someone or something is silly or useless to deliberately try to inuence or change a situation that does not concern you, or that you do not understand to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered bad for you when someone writes or prints untrue statements about someone so that other people could have a bad opinion of them bombastic language contains long words that sound important but have no real meaning complete or total unable to make clear decisions or choices not noticing, or not taking the care to notice, other peoples feelings, and not realizing when they are upset or when something that you do will upset them someone whose actions are very much inuenced by an ideology nearness in distance or time having plenty of money, nice houses, expensive things etc showing that something is likely to be successful very generous to bring something back after it has not been used or has not existed for a period of time the degree to which something can reasonably be expected to happen to ofcially provide something for people a false reason given for an action, in order to hide the real reason the condition of only just having enough money or food to stay alive not serious or sensible, especially in a way that is not suitable for a particular occasion pleasing and satisfying involving a lot of strength and effort praise and admiration for someone that is more than they really deserve not be averse to something: to quite enjoy something, especially something that is slightly wrong or bad for you! be averse to (doing) something: unwilling to do something or not liking something the process of thinking deeply about your own thoughts, feelings, or behavior remembering a particular rule or fact and thinking about it when you are making decisions about what to do relating to money, taxes, debts etc that are owned and managed by the government involvement in a crime, together with other people someone who is deceitful tells lies in order to get what they want to praise or approve of someone or something publicly unwilling to believe that people have good, honest, or sincere reasons for doing something the state of being unable to decide what to do a feeling of happiness and a belief that you can deal with problems easily to copy the way someone speaks or behaves, especially in order to make people laugh too ready to believe what other people tell you, so that you are easily tricked

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Vocabulary duped deemed inception adversary assimilation glamorizing augment sanction superuous dolefully slumped unsurpassed axiom ludicrous cliches hackneyed platitudinous appropriating compunction indignation impasse ineffectual respite discreet subdued salvaging conspicuous pertinent austere prolic raried polemical holistic sedateness assured difdent assertive condent about your own abilities shy and not wanting to make people notice you or talk about you behaving in a condent way, so that people notice you to trick or deceive someone

Denition to think of something in a particular way or as having a particular quality the start of an organization or institution a country or person you are ghting or competing against the process of understanding and using new ideas to make something seem more attractive than it really is to increase the value, amount, effectiveness etc of something ofcial orders or laws stopping trade, communication etc with another country, as a way of forcing its leaders to make political changes more than is needed or wanted very sad to fall or lean against something because you are not strong enough to stand better or greater than anyone or anything else a rule or principle that is generally considered to be true completely unreasonable, stupid, or wrong an idea or phrase that has been used so much that it is not effective or does not have any meaning any longer a hackneyed phrase is boring and does not have much meaning because it has been used so often a statement that has been made many times before and is not interesting or clever to take something for yourself when you do not have the right to do this a feeling that you should not do something because it is bad or wrong feelings of anger and surprise because you feel insulted or unfairly treated a situation in which it is impossible to continue with a discussion or plan because the people involved cannot agree not having the ability, condence, or personal authority to get things done a short time when something bad stops happening, so that the situation is temporarily better careful about what you say or do, so that you do not offend, upset, or embarrass people or tell secrets subdued lighting, colors etc are less bright than usual to save something from an accident or bad situation in which other things have already been damaged, destroyed, or lost very easy to notice directly relating to something that is being considered plain and simple and without any decoration a prolic artist, writer etc produces many works of art, books etc a rareed place, organization, or type of activity is only available to or understood by a small group of people using strong arguments to criticize or defend a particular idea, opinion, or person considering a person or thing as a whole, rather than as separate parts

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Vocabulary unfaltering befuddled burgeoning dearth urry unfeasible emulate rekindle feats fraudulent crude soothing inexpensive controversial timidity importuned demur augment tangible strident lavish sparing effusive derisive pedantic irrepressible decimated resilience stagnation inate vindication meticulous eloquent archaic delineated spurred redress strong, determined, and not becoming weaker completely confused to grow or develop quickly

Denition

a situation in which there are very few of something that people want or need a time when there is suddenly a lot of activity and people are very busy a plan, idea, or method that is unfeasible is not possible and is not likely to work to do something or behave in the same way as someone else, especially because you admire them to make someone have a particular feeling, thought etc again something that is an impressive achievement, because it needs a lot of skill, strength etc to do intended to deceive people in an illegal way, in order to gain money, power etc not exact or without any detail, but generally correct and useful to make someone feel calmer and less anxious, upset, or angry cheap causing a lot of disagreement, because many people have strong opinions about the subject being discussed not having courage or condence continuously asking for things in an annoying or unreasonable way to express doubt about or opposition to a plan or suggestion to increase the value, amount, effectiveness etc of something clear enough or denite enough to be easily seen or noticed forceful and determined, especially in a way that is offensive or annoying large, impressive, or expensive to make something such as time, money, or workers available for someone, especially when this is difcult for you to do showing your good feelings in a very excited way showing that you think someone or something is stupid or silly paying too much attention to rules or to small unimportant details full of energy, condence, and happiness so that you never seem unhappy to destroy a large part of something the ability to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difcult situation or event to stop developing or making progress to ll something with air or gas so it becomes larger, or to become lled with air or gas to prove that someone who was blamed for something is in fact not guilty very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly able to express your ideas and opinions well, especially in a way that inuences people old and no longer used to describe or draw something carefully so that people can understand it to encourage someone or make them want to do something to correct something that is wrong or unfair

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Vocabulary innocuous perplexing perilous reliance on reciprocity condescension toward endorsed cryptic unsettling unleash vehement subdued bombastic remorseful terse quizzical nonchalant daunting convoluted culpable succinctness an enthralling restitution solace levies conjectural subordinate servility competence banality prodigious invasive benevolent condone indulgent benign stoic not offensive, dangerous, or harmful

Denition if something perplexes you, it makes you feel confused and worried because it is difcult to understand very dangerous when someone or something is dependent on someone or something else a situation in which two people, groups, or countries give each other similar kinds of help or special rights to behave as if you think you are better, more intelligent, or more important than other people to express formal support or approval for someone or something having a meaning that is mysterious or not easily understood making you feel nervous or worried to suddenly let a strong force, feeling etc have its full effect showing very strong feelings or opinions subdued lighting, colors etc are less bright than usual bombastic language contains long words that sound important but have no real meaning a strong feeling of being sorry that you have done something very bad a terse reply, message etc uses very few words and often shows that you are annoyed a quizzical expression is one that shows that you do not understand something and perhaps think it is slightly amusing behaving calmly and not seeming interested in anything or worried about anything frightening in a way that makes you feel less condent complicated and difcult to understand deserving blame clearly expressed in a few words extremely interesting the act of giving back something that was lost or stolen to its owner, or of paying for damage ! compensation a feeling of emotional comfort at a time of great sadness or disappointment to ofcially say that people must pay a tax or charge when you form ideas or opinions without having very much information to base them on in a less important position than someone else very eager to obey someone because you want to please them the ability to do something well ordinary and not interesting, because of a lack of new or different ideas very large or great in a surprising or impressive way invasive medical treatment involves cutting into someones body kind and generous to accept or forgive behavior that most people think is morally wrong willing to allow someone, especially a child, to do or have whatever they want, even if this is not good for them kind and gentle someone who does not show their emotions and does not complain when bad things happen to them

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Vocabulary conciliatory strident philanthropic haphazard litigious polemical unadorned disaffected unstinting evenhanded deliberated satirizing bungling indulged prematurely rashly altruism redemptive temperance transgression prescriptive foibles fertile contemplative sedentary perpetuate nomadic dissolute lavish relinquish itinerant precede deter authentic counterfeited persistent

Denition doing something that is intended to make someone stop arguing with you forceful and determined, especially in a way that is offensive or annoying a philanthropic person or institution gives money and help to people who are poor or in trouble happening or done in a way that is not planned or organized very willing to take disagreements to a court of law using strong arguments to criticize or defend a particular idea, opinion, or person without unnecessary or special features or decorations not satised with your government, leader etc, and therefore no longer loyal to them or no longer believing they can help you unstinting support, help, praise etc is complete and given willingly giving fair and equal treatment to everyone to think about something very carefully to use satire to make people see someones or somethings faults to fail to do something properly, because you have made stupid mistakes to let yourself do or have something that you enjoy, especially something that is considered bad for you! happening before the natural or proper time if you are rash, you do things too quickly, without thinking carefully about whether they are sensible or not ! foolish when you care about or help other people, even though this brings no advantage to yourself the state of being freed from the power of evil, believed by Christians to be made possible by Jesus Christ when someone never drinks alcohol because of their moral or religious beliefs to do something that is against the rules of social behavior or against a moral principle saying how something should or must be done, or what should be done a small weakness or strange habit that someone has, which does not harm anyone else a fertile situation is one in which something can easily develop and succeed spending a lot of time thinking seriously and quietly spending a lot of time sitting down, and not moving or exercising very much to make a situation, attitude etc, especially a bad one, continue to exist for a long time nomadic people are nomads having an immoral way of life, for example drinking too much alcohol or having sex with many people SYN debauched large, impressive, or expensive to let someone else have your position, power, or rights, especially unwillingly traveling from place to place, especially to work to happen or exist before something or someone, or to come before something else in a series to stop someone from doing something, by making them realize it will be difcult or have bad results done or made in the traditional or original way to copy something exactly in order to deceive people continuing to exist or happen, especially for longer than is usual or desirable

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Vocabulary prohibition plethora superstition intuition rationality revolutionary revelation tenacity nonchalance expediency circumspection complemented forestalled by harbingers derivatives forerunners erosion ruggedness confront abate concur mediated convoluted exasperation reconciliation veneration substantive disputatious pervasive omission extravagance covert prestigious clandestine superuous gratify forestall the act of saying that something is illegal a very large number of something, usually more than you need

Denition

a belief that some objects or actions are lucky or unlucky, or that they cause events to happen, based on old ideas of magic the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts SYN instinct rational thoughts, decisions etc are based on reasons rather than emotions completely new and different, especially in a way that leads to great improvements a surprising fact about someone or something that was previously secret and is now made known determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difcult behaving calmly and not seeming interested in anything or worried about anything action that is quickest or most effective in a particular situation, even if it is morally wrong thinking carefully about something before doing it, in order to avoid risk to make a good combination with someone or something else to prevent something from happening or prevent someone from doing something by doing something rst a sign that something is going to happen soon something that has developed or been produced from something else someone or something that existed before something similar that developed or came later the process by which rock or soil is gradually destroyed by wind, rain, or the sea rugged behavior is condent and determined but not always polite if a problem, difculty etc confronts you, it appears and needs to be dealt with to become less strong or decrease to agree with someone or have the same opinion as them to try to end a quarrel between two people, groups, countries etc complicated and difcult to understand when you feel annoyed because someone continues to do something that is upsetting you a situation in which two people, countries etc become friendly with each other again after quarreling to honor or respect someone or something because they are old, holy, or connected with the past dealing with things that are important or real tending to argue existing everywhere when you do not include or do not do something spending or costing a lot of money, especially more than is necessary or more than you can afford secret or hidden admired as one of the best and most important done or kept secret more than is needed or wanted to make someone feel pleased and satised to prevent something from happening or prevent someone from doing something by doing something rst

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Vocabulary pitfalls spoof satirize denizen dislodge precursor to suspicion of preeminent liability susceptible to implicated in indifferent to discreet about enamored with loquacious incompetent laconic appeasing prolonging exhaustive combative vicarious languorous adulatory amicable

Denition a problem or difculty that is likely to happen in a particular job, course of action, or activity a funny book, play, or lm that copies something serious or important and makes it seem silly to use satire to make people see someones or somethings faults an animal, plant, or person that lives or is found in a particular place to force or knock something out of its position something that happened or existed before something else and inuenced its development a feeling you have that someone is probably guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest much more important, more powerful, or better than any others of its kind legal responsibility for something, especially for paying money that is owed, or for damage or injury likely to suffer from a particular illness or be affected by a particular problem to show or suggest that someone is involved in a crime or dishonest act not at all interested in someone or something careful about what you say or do, so that you do not offend, upset, or embarrass people or tell secrets liking something very much a loquacious person likes to talk a lot not having the ability or skill to do a job properly using only a few words to say something to make someone less angry or stop them from attacking you by giving them what they want to deliberately make something such as a feeling or an activity last longer extremely thorough and complete ready and willing to ght or argue experienced by watching or reading about someone else doing something, rather than by doing it yourself a pleasant feeling of laziness praise and admiration for someone that is more than they really deserve an amicable agreement, relationship etc is one in which people feel friendly towards each other and do not want to quarrel

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