Data Sheet for Chemistry B (Salters)

(version 2.0)
* O C E / 1 0 2 1 8 *

GCE Advanced Level and Advanced Subsidiary Chemistry B (Salters) (H035, H435) Chemistry units F331F336
The information in this sheet is for the use of candidates following Chemistry B (Salters) H035 and H435 A copy of this sheet will be included as an insert with each unit paper. Copies of this sheet may be used for teaching.

Diagram to illustrate protein synthesis His Leu tRNA G A C Ribosome Val tRNA C A G Glu Ala tRNA C C U U G G

tRNA

C U G G U C G A A G C C mRNA
ADAPTED FROM SALTERS ADVANCED CHEMISTRY: CHEMICAL STORYLINES BY GEORGE BURTON. REPRINTED BY PERMISSION OF HARCOURT EDUCATION OCR 2009 GCE Chemistry B (Salters) (Blue)

DC (SLM)10218

Characteristic infrared absorption in organic molecules bond C H location alkanes alkenes, arenes alkynes alkenes arenes C C C O alkynes aldehydes ketones carboxylic acids esters amides alcohols, ethers, esters nitriles fluoroalkanes chloroalkanes bromoalkanes alcohols, phenols *alcohols, phenols *carboxylic acids primary amines amides wavenumber/cm1 28502950 30003100 ca. 3300 16201680 several peaks in range 14501650 21002260 17201740 17051725 17001725 17351750 16301700 10501300 22002260 10001400 600800 500600 36003640 32003600 25003200 33003500 ca. 3500 intensity MS MS S M variable M S S S S M S M S S S S S (broad) M (broad) MS M M medium S strong * hydrogen bonded

C C C

O N F

Some useful organic reactions 1 2 3 4 RBr + CN RCN RCHO R R' NO2 5 Sn + conc. HCl reflux 6 7 RCOOH + SCl2O NaBr/ c.H2SO4 ROH RBr
OCR 2009 GCE Chemistry B (Salters) (Blue)

RCN + Br

H+ (aq)/H2O RCOOH reflux NaBH4 RCH2OH R R' NH2 CH OH

NaBH4

RCOCl + SO2 + HCl

Chemical shifts for some types of protons (1H) in NMR spectra Chemical shifts are for hydrogen (1H) relative to TMS (tetramethylsilane). They are typical values and can vary slightly depending on the solvent, concentration and substituents. type of proton CH3 C chemical shift, d/ppm 0.71.6 H C C CH2 C CH C C CH C O CH  arbonyls c esters amides acids 2.02.7 C OH 0.54.5* 1.42.3 C CHO 9.410.0 type of proton chemical shift, d/ppm 6.48.2

N amines amides

2.32.9 OH 2.33.0 C NH

4.510.0*

1.05.0*

CH O CH a  lcohols esters ethers Cl or Br CH 3.34.8 CO NH 5.012.0*

CH CH

3.04.2 4.56.0

CO

OH

9.015.0*

*these signals are very variable (sometimes outside these limits) and often broad.

Monomers of DNA and RNA

OH OH
O

HO O O OH

HO OH O OH H

H2N O N N * O H N H O N NH2 H N N H N N N NH2 N N

P OH

OH

phosphate

ribose

deoxyribose

uracil

cytosine

adenine

guanine

(thymine has a CH3 at position *)

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OCR 2009 GCE Chemistry B (Salters) (Blue)

The Periodic Table of the Elements 3

1.0
hydrogen

1 H
10.8
boron

0 He
4.0

Key
1

helium

2 19.0

6.9

lithium

Li
5 28.1
silicon carbon

3 27.0
aluminium

beryllium

Be
6
nitrogen

9.0

relative atomic mass

atomic symbol
7 31.0
phosphorus

atomic (proton) number

name

12.0

14.0

16.0
oxygen

fluorine

F
32.1

20.2

Ne
9 35.5

neon

10

23.0

sodium

Na
13 14 52.0
chromium

24.3

11

magnesium

Mg
54.9
manganese

Al
72.6
germanium

Si

12

15

sulfur

S
74.9

16

chlorine

Cl
79.0

39.9 17
argon

Ar
79.9

18

39.1

potassium

K
24 [98]
technetium

40.1

19 95.9
molybdenum

calcium

Ca
25 101.1
ruthenium

45.0

20

scandium

Sc
26
iron cobalt

47.9

21

titanium

Ti
27 106.4
palladium nickel

50.9

22

vanadium

V
28 107.9
copper

Cr
29 112.4
cadmium zinc

Mn
30
gallium

55.8

Fe
31 102.9
rhodium

58.9

Co
114.8
indium

58.7

Ni

63.5

Cu

65.4

Zn

69.7

Ga

Ge

23

32

arsenic

As
118.7

33

selenium

Se
121.8

34

bromine

Br
127.6

83.8 35
krypton

Kr
126.9

36

85.5

rubidium

Rb
42 186.2
rhenium

87.6

37 183.8
tungsten

strontium

Sr
43 190.2
osmium

88.9

38

yttrium

Y
44 192.2
iridium

91.2

39

zirconium

Zr
45 195.1
platinum

92.9

40

niobium

Nb
46 197.0
silver

Mo
47 48 200.6
mercury

Tc

Ru

Rh

Pd

Ag

Cd

In

Sn
49 204.4

41

50

tin

antimony

Sb
207.2

51

tellurium

Te
209.0

52

iodine

I
Tl Pb Bi
[209]

131.3 53
xenon

Xe
[210]

54

132.9

caesium

Cs
74 [264]
bohrium

137.3

55 [266]
seaborgium

barium

Ba
75 [277]
hassium

138.9

56

lanthanum

La*
76 [268]
meitnerium

178.5

57

hafnium

Hf
77 [271] 78
gold

180.9

72

tantalum

Ta
79 [272]

Re

Os

Ir
Pt Au Ds Rg

Hg

73

80

thallium

81

lead

82

bismuth

83

polonium

Po

84

astatine

At

[222] 85
radon

Rn

86

[223]

francium

Fr
106 107 108 109 110

[226]

87

radium

Ra

[227]

88

actinium

Ac*

[261]

89

rutherfordium

Rf

[262]

104

dubnium

Db

Sg

Bh

Hs

Mt

105

darmstadtium roentgenium

111

Elements with atomic numbers 112116 have been reported but not fully authenticated

140.1
neodymium

cerium

Ce
60 [237]
neptunium promethium

140.9

58 238.1
uranium

praseodymium

Pr
61
samarium

144.2

Nd
62 [242]
plutonium

144.9

Pm

150.4

Sm

152.0
europium

Eu

157.2 63
gadolinium

Gd
[243]

158.9 64
terbium

Tb
[247]

162.5 65
dysprosium

Dy
[245]

164.9 66
holmium

Ho
[251]

167.3 67
erbium

Er
[254]

168.9 68
thulium

Tm
[253]

173.0 69
ytterbium

Yb
[256]

175.0 70
lutetium

Lu
[254]

59

71

232.0

thorium

Th
92 93

[231]

90

protactinium

Pa

Np

Pu

91

94

americium

Am

95

curium

Cm

96

berkelium

Bk

97

californium

Cf

98

einsteinium

Es

99

fermium

Fm

100

mendelevium

Md

101

nobelium

No

[257] 102
lawrencium

Lr

103

OCR 2009 GCE Chemistry B (Salters) (Blue)