INSTITUTIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE

SRM DENTAL COLLEGE,

RAMAPURAM, CHENNAI-89.
1.

Name of the
Candidate

Dr. Aathirai . K

2.

Course of
Study and
Subject

M.D.S. ( Prosthodontics )

3.

Year of
Admission
Title of the
Study

2012

4.

5.

Name of the
Guide with
Designation

Biomechanical variability of Condylar inclination in completely

edentulous patients with different facial forms/morphology an in
vivo study

DR.MUTHUKUMAR B., M.D.S.

(Professor and Head of the Department )

6
.

Why is the
study required
Brief
Justification Of
The Need Of
The Study

The adult human mandible is a bone which exhibits a large degree of

anatomical variability. The correlation between the facial morphology and
condylar inclination has been studied in dentate patients which has been
shown to be of significant value. This correlation is due to the differing
ramus height and anatomical bony morphology of the facial forms.
Condylar inclination is thus basically specific to each individuals. So
when the teeth are lost due to caries,trauma or periodontal disease, the
alveolar bone undergoes resorption. This residual ridge resorption is high
in the first 3 months after extraction, which then continues even upto 25
years and facial form is one of the anatomic influencing factors in residual
ridge resorption(Tallgren 1972; Mercer & Lafontant 1979). The ridge
resorption and bone remodeling brings an upward rotation of the mandible
with a resulting decrease in occlusal vertical dimension and reduction in
overjet.
Mastication and Speech after the complete denture fabrication depends on
the recording of centric relation which is based on these condylar
movements and ridge relation. This study with the help of radiographic
analysis will help to identify the relevant variables involved pertaining to
their facial forms(which has not been studied in completely edentulous
patients) and their critical application to bring about occlusal harmony
during denture fabrication by adjusting the condylar guidance specific to
that facial morphology.

7
.

Review of
Literature

Sholeh shahidi et al did a comparison of condylar inclination

attained by interocclusal records and radiographic tracing to
evaluate the relationship of condylar inclination and intraoral
protrusive bite records in 30 patients in the age group of 20-40
yrs. This study concluded that a strong linear correlation was
observed between radiographic and protrusive bite records, which
can be used for adjusting condylar guidance of articulators.
J of Isfahan Dental School 2012 vol 8 Issue 2:117-125.
Fukui et al studied the correlation between Facial Morphology,
Mouth opening ability and condylar movement during openingclosing jaw movements in female adults with normal occlusion
between age group 20-24 years. The results of the study suggest
that Facial morphology has limited effect on mandibular opening
and condylar movements in normal adult female subjects.
Eur j Orthod 2002 aug24(4):327-36
Cheng- kuan wu et al evaluated the inclination of right and left
side mandibular fossa in asian population using computed
topography in determining its effects according to parameters of
gender, age and asymmetry. This study concluded that CT is a
useful tool for non invasive technique for evaluating spatial
characteristics of mandibular bony structures and could be used to
establish a scientific database for further clinical applications.
Clinical oral Invest 2012: 16: 443-450
Markovic D et al studied the specifics of mastication with
complete dentures. Mastication depends on the occlusal surface,
which is considered to be the only reference coordinate for
completely edentulous mouth. These masticatory forces value
directly depends on position of mandible, shape of alveolar ridge
and mandibular angle in relation to anterior cranial base and
posterior facial height. It has been documented by experience and
also scientifically proven that these factors are significantly
important for the satisfaction of complete denture wearers.
Med Pregl 1999 nov- dec:52(11-12):464-468
Tallgren in 1972 and Mercer & Lafontant in 1979 did a study
regarding the residual ridge resorption and found out that Facial
form as an anatomical factor significantly influenced residual
ridge resorption and thus residual ridge relation
Crit Rev Oral Biol 10( 3 )384-404 ( 1999)

8.

Objectives of the study

9.

Materials and Methods

1. To analyse facial morphology using graphic plates

2. To determine the angle made by the mandible during
condylar proclination.
3. To measure the condylar pathway during protrusive
mandibular movements.

9.1 Source of Samples to be The patients reporting to the Department of Prosthodontics,

taken for study
SRM Dental College, for complete denture replacements
were considered for the study.

10.

9.2 Number of Samples

(patients)

20 Samples(patients)

9.3 Selection of Samples

Completely edentulous patients

The inclusion criteria are:
Consent to participate
Both Male and Female patients
Age 50 70 yrs
No TMJ Disorders
First time denture wearers
Completely edentulous between a period of 1 to 3
yrs
Generalized good health
The Exclusion criteria are:
TMJ Disorders
Repeat complete denture wearers
Completely edentulous for more than three years

Methods to be followed

Facial morphology - Square, Round, Ovoid and Tapered are

analysed using graphic plate method. Occlusion rims are
fabricated according to Niswongers method. Vertical height
is then determined while horizontal orientation is done with
a Face-bow. A CBCT is taken while the mouth is in closed
position and then Patients are asked to open their mouth
after the insertion of occlusion rims to the incisal opening of
upto 6mm. Then the angle made by condyle in relation to
the glenoid fossa and its pathway is recorded using a CBCT.
Then the measurements are recorded and analysed using the
ANOVA test for each of the four facial forms.

11.

Analysis of Results /
Methods of Statistical
analysis

12.

Intervention in human if
Required
Copy of the informed
consent:
1. English
2. Vernacular
Language

13.

Financial outlay of the

study

Data are analyzed using ANOVA test for assessing the

different measures of angle of inclination and linear
condylar movement

Graphic plate Rs.1000/CBCT Rs. 2500/per person x 20 = 50000/TOTAL 51000/-

14.

Conflict of interest
NIL

15.

Signature of Candidate

16.

Signature of the Guide

17.

Signature of the Co -Guide

17.

Signature of the Head of

the Department

18

Clearance of the

Institutional Pre ethical

committee

19

Signature of the Principal