Problems for practice in Statistics Q1.

The following data relates to Sales(Crores of rupees) and Profits (in lakhs of rupees): Sales: ! " 1# 1$ Profits : 1% 1 1! %# %$ &ind the correlation coefficient between sales and profits. &ind the simple linear regression e'uation for Profit dependent on sales.

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #.**(+er, high positi+e correlation or almost perfect positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - . .$/01.12

Q% 3n a test gi+en to ## students4 the a+erage marks was / and the standard de+iation was %#. &ind (i) the number of students e5ceeding a score of /#. (ii) the number of students ha+ing marks between # and !#. (iii) the +alue of marks e5ceeded b, the top 1## students.

(nswer)))))))) (i) number of students e5ceeding a score of /#.%1# (ii) The number of students ha+ing marks between # and !#.1"" (iii) The +alue of marks e5ceeded b, the top 1## students.!$

Q$. &ollowing are the scores obtained b, % students ( and 6 in 1# tests of 1## marks each. Tests 1 % $ 1 / ! " * 1# Scores obtained %$ 1 $! / !/ ! $* 1* /! 1 b, ( Scores obtained 1" $* !/ /" /* / !1 " / !$ b, 6 3f the consistenc, of performance is the criterion for awarding a pri7e4 which student should get the pri7e8 9se coefficient of +ariation to measure the consistenc,.

(nswer)))))))) student 6 should get the pri7e. C:; of ( . %".""< C:; of 6.1".1%< Scores of 6 is more consistent.

Q1. &ind the mean and median for the foll . data Class & )1# ! 1#)1 " 1 )%# %#)% 1 % )$# /

(nswer ))))))) mean. 1/. =edian.1

Q . &ind the mode Class & 1)/ $ /)" ")1# 1# 1#)1% /

(nswer ))))))) mode. *.11

Q/. &ind the mean and median for the following data: Class inter+al &re'. 1>" ")1% / 1%) 1/ ! 1/)%# %

(nswer ))))))))mean.11.% =edian.11.$

Q!. Suppose that the height of all students in a class are normall, distributed with a mean of 1!% cm and a standard de+iation of 1# cm. &ind (i) the proportion of students which ha+e a height of 1/ cm or less. (ii) the proportion of students ha+ing height between 1 / cm and 1!1 cm. (iii) the height below which we ma, find the shortest %#< of the students.

(nswer )))))))) (i) the proportion of students which ha+e a height of 1/ cm or less.#.%1% (ii) the proportion of students ha+ing height between 1 / cm and 1!1 cm.#. %1

(iii) the height below which we ma, find the shortest %#< of the students..1/$./cm

Q" The following data relates to ad+ertising e5penditure (in lakhs of rupees) and sales (in crores of rupees): (d+ertising e5penditure 2 : 1# 1% 1 %$ %# %1 Sales : 11 1! %$ % %1 %$ &ind the correlation coefficient between ad+ertising e5penditure and sales. &ind the simple linear regression e'uation for sales dependent on ad+ertising e5penditure.

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #."1*(+er, high positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - .1#.1%0#./2

Q*. The weekl, sales of two products ( and 6 were recorded as gi+en below: (: * ! %! /$ %! %" / 6: 1 # %## 1% $1# $$# % # %% &ind (using coefficient of +ariation) which of the two shows more fluctuation in sales.

(nswer ))))))) C:; of ( . $"."!< C:; of 6.$1.1!< Product ( shows more fluctuation in sales.

Q1#. &ind the mean and median for the foll. data: (ge & . %#)$# 1% $#)1# " 1#) # %# #)/# 1#

(nswer ))))))) mean. 1#./ =edian.1%.

Q11. The mean and standard de+iation of wages of /### workers engaged in a factor, are ?s.1%## and ?s. 1## respecti+el,. (ssuming the distribution to be normal4 find (i) percentage of workers getting wages abo+e ?s. 1/##. (ii) number of workers getting wages between ?s./## and ?s. *## (iii) the least wages among the richest < workers (i+) the highest wages among the poorest 1#< workers.

(nswer ))))(i) percentage of workers getting wages abo+e ?s. 1/##.#. > #.$1"$ . #.1 "! . 1 ."!< (ii) number of workers getting wages between ?s./## and ?s. *##.* * (iii) the least wages among the richest < workers .?S.1" " (i+) the highest wages among the poorest 1#< workers.?S./""

Q1%. &ind @arl PearsonAs coefficient of correlation and the e'uation of the best fit simple linear regression line for the following data. 2 * " ! / 1 $ % 1 1 1/ 11 1$ 11 1% 1# " *

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #.* (+er, high positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - .!.% 0#.* 2

Q1$. The incomes of two people ( and 6 (in ?s. B###) were recorded as gi+en below: (: 1 %# %% 11 %! %" $# 6: 1 1" 1% %/ $$ % $# &ind using coefficient of +ariation which of the two shows more +ariation in income.

(nswer ))))))) C:; of ( . %/.$1< C:; of 6.$%.# < 3ncome of 6 shows more +ariation.

Q11. &ind the mean and median for the foll. data: =arks Co. of students 1#)%# 1# %#)$# $#)1# %#

1#) #

(nswer ))))))) mean. $$ =edian.$

Q1 . ( branch manager at a nationali7ed bank knows that the balances in sa+ings accounts of customers follow a normal distribution with a mean of ?s. % ## and a standard de+iation of ?s. 1###. (i) Dhat is the probabilit, that a randoml, selected account has a balance between ?s. % ## and ?s. 1###8 (ii) Dhat is the probabilit, that a randoml, selected account has a balance of more than ?s. ###8

(nswer ))))))) (i) the probabilit, that a randoml, selected account has a balance between ?s. % ## and ?s. 1###.#.1$$% (ii) the probabilit, that a randoml, selected account has a balance of more than ?s. ###.#.##/%

Q1!. The life of a batter, is normall, distributed with an a+erage life of ,ears and standard de+iation of 1E% ,ear. (i) Dhat proportion of batteries ha+e a life between ,ears and / ,ears (ii) Dhat proportion of batteries ha+e a life greater than . ,ears8

(nswer))))))). (i) proportion of batteries ha+e a life between ,ears and / ,ears.#.1!!% (ii) proportion of batteries ha+e a life greater than . ,ears .#.1 "!

Q1". &ollowing are the a+erage prices of a particular stock and the +alues of Stock F5change inde5 for / ,ears: Stock price 2 (?s.) 3nde5 %1 $#! % $%% %1# $$! $*# $1# / $ # $* $/1 Calculate the coefficient of correlation between the share price and the SF inde5. (lso find the simple linear regression e'uation of - on 2.

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #. #1(moderate positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - .$# ."!0#.#!12

Q1*. &ind the median and mode. 2 & % / 1 1# ! " $

(nswer))))))))=edian.1# =ode.1#

Q%#. The marks of two people ( and 6 were recorded as gi+en below: (: 1# 1% 11 %# %" $# 6: 11 1% %/ %# % $# &ind using coefficient of +ariation which of the two shows more +ariation in marks.

(nswer ))))))) C:; of ( . #.*1< C:; of 6.1$.!/< =arks of ( shows more +ariation.

Q%1. &ind the mean and median for the following data =arks Co. of students 1)/ /)" " ")1# 1# 1#)1% %

(nswer ))))))) mean. !.!% =edian.!."!

Q%%. &ind @arl PearsonAs coefficient of correlation and the e'uation of the best fit simple linear regression line for the following data. (ge 2 / 1% $/ 1! 1* 1% /# !% 6lood pressure 11! 1% 11" 1%" 11 11# 1 1/#

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #."*"(+er, positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - ."1."$01.11!2

Q%$. (n agenc, claims that the a+erage weight of college students is at least kg. and in a stud, made to test this claim4 1 # students selected at random had an a+erage weight of 1 kg with a S.G. of " . 9se H . 1< to test the claim of the agenc,.

(nswer))))))))Ical.1. $1 Itab.%.$$ Therefore4 Itab J Ical De accept Ko and conclude that the agenc,As claim that the a+erage weight of the college students is atleast kg is correct.

Q%1. 3n a localit,4 1## persons were randoml, selected and asked about their educational achie+ement. The results are gi+en as follows: )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) Lender Fducation =iddle Kigh school College Total ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) =ale 1# 1 % # &emale % 1# 1 #

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) Total $ % 1# 1## Test at H . < whether education is related to gender.

(nswer )))))))M%cal.*.*% M%tab. .**1 Therefore4 M%cal J M%tab De accept K1 and conclude that the two attributes education and gender are related.

Q % . &ind @arl PearsonAs coefficient of correlation and the e'uation of the best fit simple linear regression line for the following data. 2 * " ! / 1 $ % 1

1/

11

1$

11

1%

1#

"

(nswer)))))))) correlation coefficient is #.* (+er, high positi+e correlation) Simple linear regression e'uation is - .!.% 0#.* 2

Q%/(a).=emor, capacit, of 1# students was tested before and after training. State whether the training was effecti+e at H . <. ?oll Co. 1 % $ 1 / ! " * 1# 6efore training : 1% 11 11 " ! 1# $ # / (fter training : 1 1/ 1# ! 1% 1# % $ "

(nswer))))))) tcal .1.$/1 ttab.%.%/% Therefore4 ttab J tcal De accept Ko and conclude that the training was ineffecti+e.

Q%!. &or the following data4 find the rank correlation coefficient after making adNustment for tied ranks. 2: 1" $$ 1# * 1/ 1/ / %1 1/ ! -: 1$ 1$ %1 / 1 1 %# * / 1*

(nswer))))))rs.#.!%" (high positi+e correlation)

Q%" The mean and standard de+iation of wages of /### workers engaged in a factor, are ?s.1%## and ?s. 1## respecti+el,. (ssuming the distribution to be normal4 find (i) percentage of workers getting wages abo+e ?s. 1/##. (ii) number of workers getting wages between ?s./## and ?s. *##.

(nswer ))))))))(i) percentage of workers getting wages abo+e ?s. 1/##. #< (ii) number of workers getting wages between ?s./## and ?s. *##.* *

Q%*. F5plain mutuall, e5clusi+e e+ents 4 sample space and probabilit, of an e+ent

(nswer)))))) mutuall, e5clusi+e e+ents. two e+ents ( and 6 are called as mutuall, e5clusi+e if the, do not ha+e an, elements in common. P(( O 6) . # sample space . this is the set of all possible results of a random e5periment and is denoted b, s. eg.tossing of single coinPP S . Q K4TR eg.tossing of a dicePPPP S . Q 14%4$414 4/R Probabilit, of an e+ent . probabilit, is used where the possible results of the e5periment are known to us but the occurrence of a particular result at a gi+en point of time is not known. Probabilit, is the chance that something will happen. (n e+ent is a part of the entire sample space. (n e+ent is one or more of the possible outcomes of doing something. Therefore4 probabilit, of an e+ent is gi+en as:) P (() . Co. of results in ( Total possible results in S Probabilit, of an, e+ent ( lies between... # S P (() S 1

Q$#. ( husband and wife appear in an inter+iew for % +acancies for the same post. The probabilit, of husbandAs selection is 1E! and that of wifeAs selection is 1E . (ssuming these as independent e+ents4 what is the probabilit, that (i) both of them will be selected (ii) onl, one of them will be selected (iii) none of them will be selected

(nswer)))))))))(i) both of them will be selected . #.#%" (ii) onl, one of them will be selected . #.%" (iii) none of them will be selected . #./"

Q$1. To test the significance of +ariation in the retail prices of a commodit, in $ principal cities4 =umbai4 @olkata and Gelhi4 1 shops were chosen at random in each cit, and the prices were obser+ed as follows: =umbai: 1/ " 1% 11 @olkata: 11 1# 1# / Gelhi: 1 1# " " Go the data indicate that prices in $ cities are significantl, different8 9se T . <

(nswer))))))))&cal.%./1! &tab.1.%/ Therefore4 &tab J &cal De accept Ko and conclude that the prices in $ cities ha+e no significant difference.

Q$%. (a) The mean life of a sample of 1# electric bulbs was found to be 11 / hours with a standard de+iation of 1%$ hours. ( second sample of 1! bulbs chosen from a different batch had a mean life of 1%"# hours with a standard de+iation of $*" hours. Test at T . < whether there is a significant difference between the means of % batches.

(nswer))))))))tcal .1.#"" ttab.%.#/# Therefore4 ttab J tcal De accept Ko and conclude that there is a no significant difference between the means of % batches

(b) (n auditor claims that at least 1# < of customersA ledger accounts are carr,ing mistakes of posting and balancing. ( random sample of /## was taken to test the accurac, of posting and balancing and 1 mistakes were found. (re these sample results consistent with the claim of the auditor8 9se < le+el of significance.

(nswer))))))))Ical.%.#"$ Itab.1./1 Therefore4 Ical J Itab De accept K1 and conclude that the claim of the auditor is wrong.

Q$$(a) The mean life time of a sample of 1## light bulbs produced b, a compan, is found to be 1 !# hours with a standard de+iation of 1 # hours. Test the h,pothesis that the mean life time of the bulbs produced b, the compan, is 1/## hours against the alternate h,pothesis that it is greater than 1/## hours at 1< le+el of significance.

(nswer))))))))Ical.1 Itab.%.$$ Therefore4 Ical J Itab De accept K1 and conclude that the mean life time of the bulbs produced b, the compan, is greater than 1/## hours.

(b) %## randoml, selected adults were asked whether T; shows as a whole are primaril, entertaining4 educational or a waste of time. The respondents were categorised b, gender. Their responses are as gi+en: )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) Lender :pinion Fntertaining Fducational Daste of time Total ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) =ale %" 1% # *# &emale % %" $# 11# )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) Total "# 1# "# %## Test at H . < whether opinion is related to gender.

(nswer )))))))M%cal.1/.!1 M%tab. .**1 Therefore4 M%cal J M%tab De accept K1 and conclude that the two attributes opinion and gender are related.