Statistical Yearbook of The Netherlands 2013

Statistical yearbook 2013
Publisher Statistics Netherlands Henri Faasdreef 312 2492 JP The Hague Prepress Statistics Netherlands Grafimedia Print Tuijtel, Hardinxveld-Giessendam Cover Bruikman reclamestudio, The Hague Translation Statistics Netherlands Rita Gircour Information Telephone +31 88 570 70 70 Telefax +31 70 337 59 94 Via contact form: www.cbs.nl/information Where to order Obtainable from booksellers and Sdu publishers Sdu publishers P.O. Box 20014 2500 EA The Hague Telephone +31 70 378 98 80 Telefax +31 70 378 97 83 E-mail: sdu@sdu.nl Internet www.cbs.nl ISSN 0303-6448 ISBN 978-90-357-1590-1 Statistics Netherlands, The Hague/Heerlen, 2013. Reproduction is permitted, provided Statistics Netherlands is quoted as the source.
Explanations of symbols
. * ** x 0 (0.0) empty cell 20122013 2012/2013 2012/13 2010/11 2012/13 data not available provisional figure revised provisional figure (but not definite) publication prohibited (confidential figure) nil (between two figures) inclusive less than half of unit concerned not applicable 2012 to 2013 inclusive average for 2012 to 2013 inclusive crop year, financial year, school year etc. beginning in 2012 and ending in 2013 crop year, financial year, etc. 2010/11 to 2012/13 inclusive
Due to rounding, some totals may not correspond to the sum of the separate figures.
03003201301 A-3
Contents
Foreword 7
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
The crisis and the family Moving less, desiring more Changing choices in education Agriculture Construction and housing
9 15 23 29 41
Education 51 Enterprises Financial and business services 59 69
Government 77 Health and welfare Income and spending International trade Labour and social security Leisure and culture 87 101 111 119 137
Macro-economics 145 Manu facturing and energy Nature and environment 157 165
Population 175 Prices 193 Security and justice Trade, hotels and restaurants Trac and transport 203 215 223
Index 235
Statistical yearbook 2013 5
Foreword
The Statistical yearbook of the Netherlands 2013 is a practical compilation of the most important statistics on Dutch society. Each chapter covers one theme. This edition opens with three topical issues: the influence of the economic crisis on marriage and birth rates, about the housing market, and about the different study profiles boys and girls choose. Just like all other publications of Statistics Netherlands, the Statistical Yearbook can be downloaded free of charge in PDF at www.cbs.nl. This years edition is also published as an e-book. The figures shown in this yearbook are merely a small selection from the wealth of figures available at Statistics Netherlands. Nearly all statistics and the most recent figures are available in the Statline databank, which can be accessed free of charge at www.cbs.nl/statline or via an iPhone app. RSS-feeds at the website show which Statline tables have been updated and which new papers and publications have come out. Statistics Netherlands also has daily tweets about its recent publications (http:// twitter.com/statistiekcbs). The website also provides access to the themes and dossiers. You can also phone the Infoservice of Statistics Netherlands to obtain statistical information. The Infoservice also provides information about the publications of Statistics Netherlands and serves as a helpdesk for StatLine. The Infoservice can be reached from 9 to 5 by phone and through www.cbs.nl/infoservice.
Director General of Statistics, G. van der Veen
The Hague/Heerlen, June 2013
1
The crisis and the family
10 Statistics Netherlands
1.
The crisis and the family
Economic crises not only lead to loss of production, unemployment and lower incomes, they also have an effect on social behaviour. In the recent economic downturn there were fewer marriages, partner registrations and births, and fewer home owners moved house than in economic boom periods. Crisis contributed to drop in marriages The annual number of marriages has been decreasing ever since 1970. In that year there still were 124 thousand marriages in the Netherlands, compared to 69thousand in2012. The decrease is even more pronounced when it is compared with potential marriage candidates. In1970 there were 83 marriages per thousand unmarried people aged between 20 and 60, the age bracket in which most marriages take place. In 2012 there were just 15 per thousand. This was not compensated by more registered partnerships in that year.
1.1
1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 %
Marriages 1)
125
100
75
50
25
1980 Marriages (left axis)
1990
2000
0 2010
Consumer confidence ( right axis)
1)
Both are corrected for accidental fluctuations.
One reason why there are fewer marriages is that more people live alone. Other reasons are the postponement of living together, divorces and widowhood. More importantly though is that living together and having children have become increasingly dissociated from marriage. Currently just one in five childless cohabitating couples aged under30 is married, and over half of all first children are born outside marriage. Marriage has become the seal on an existing relationship for many people. It is no longer a crucial event, and it can be postponed if there are insufficient financial means. Recent studies show that a one percent point decrease in marriages can be expected in a period of recession. This is the combined effect of the economic situation and the trend: 0.6 percent is economic and 0.4 percent trend. The highs and lows in the long-term series of marriages matches exactly with the economic ups en downs (consumer confidence). The economy influences the number of births The number of births has fluctuated every year over the last few decades, although these were modest fluctuations in the longer historical perspective. The greatest changes in birth rate are well behind us. In the mid-20th century most births were fourth and higher order children. The average family size fell until the seventies, mainly due to the spectacular drop in the births of fourth and higher order children. As of the mid-sixties the births of third order children and later also second and first order children fell as well. The birth rate has been remarkably stable since the early eighties, although there are fluctuations that were partly caused by the economic circumstances. However, a different phenomenon caused the largest increase in the number of births since 1996. The age at which women had their first child stopped rising, whereas subsequent births at older ages continued for some time. An economic downturn, shown in the relatively low consumer confidence in the economy, has a small but unmistakable effect on the number of births. The graph shows that the direction of the change in fertility always matches that of consumer confidence in all economic up and downturns. Fertility increased as consumer confidence grows, whereas fertility decreases in times when consumer confidence deteriorates. So the current economic crisis is reflected, with some time lag, in a lower birth rate. Between 2010 and 2012 there was a 5 percent reduction in the number of births, from over 184 to over 175thousand. In absolute numbers the reduction was most pronounced in first order children. In relative terms the reduction was about the same in all birth orders (first, second, third, fourth and higher order children). In2012 mainly people in their twenties postponed parenthood, but the decrease this caused is likely to be compensated when there is an economic upswing.
1.2
0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10
Births, deviation from fertility trend and consumer confidence
125
100
75
50
25
1980 Fertility (left axis)
1990
2000
0 2010
Consumer confidence (two years earlier) (right axis)
Shrinking economy, shrinking population growth The natural growth of the Dutch population has fallen in recent years due to fewer births and more deaths. The smallest natural growth since 1871 was measured in2012. This is mainly because of the high death rate in 2012 and not really because of the economic crisis. The death rate increased mainly because February was very cold and March saw a flu epidemic. Apart from natural growth there was also a reduction in the migration balance, which is the difference between immigration and emigration. The population growth in2012 was therefore substantially smaller than at the start of the economic crisis. Migration played a minor part in the population growth of 2012. Due in part to the economic downturn, fewer people came to the Netherlands, on balance, from all parts of the world except Southern Europe. Probably the Netherlands is still an attractive country to live in, despite the crisis, for the hard hit Southern Europeans.
1.3
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Population growth
x 1,000
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Natural growth
Migration balance
2
Moving less, desiring more
2.
Moving less, desiring more
When the housing market functions properly households can find the house they like in a neighbourhood to their liking. The choice of house depends on what the housing market has available. How large the housing market is and what the available options are depends on the number of new homes being constructed and homes becoming available because people are moving out. In recent years, however, fewer new homes were built and fewer people moved house. Fewer people have moved house Since 2009 some 1.5 million people a year have moved house. This is considerably fewer than in the years before 2008, when the economic downturn started. The number of owner-occupiers who moved house decreased most. The number of home owners who moved out of their homes in2012 was down by 40percent on 2009. There was a far smaller decrease in the number of people who moved out of rented accommodation, namely 15 percent. There has been no change in the number of starters who moved.
2.1
1,700 1,650 1,600 1,550 1,500 1,450 1,400 1,350 0
People moving house
x 1,000
'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12
Fewer moves out of owner-occupied dwellings The largest decrease was found among families with children and people over 45. Single people, one parent families and young couples (under 45) also moved less but not as dramatically so as the larger families and people over 45. The number of people coming onto the housing market only decreased slightly. There are two explanations for these patterns. The first is that fewer homes were sold. This mainly affected people who wanted to sell their homes before they moved. Over half of this group consists of older people and families with children. The second explanation lies in the different motives households have. Starters and young couples tend to have pressing motives, such as leaving the parental home, either to study, start living together or have children. There has been a decrease in the number of starters who buy, but far less than in the number of people buying their next home. This is true despite stricter conditions for obtaining a mortgage and bleak economic prospects. Older people tend to have less pressing motives. They mainly move to improve their housing situation.
2.2
600 500 400 300 200 100 0
Housing market position and moves
x1,000
2009
2012 From abroad From rental accommodation
Starter Semi-starter From own home
Moving to the top of the rental market On closer inspection it turned out that the number of moves by home owners to the more expensive housing segment dwindled whereas moves to the cheaper housing segment fell from 19 to 18percent.
The opposite occurred in moves to rented accommodation. Households moved more to the top of the rental market and less to cheaper housing. The households responsible for this shift mostly come from other rented accommodation. To a lesser extent they moved from a home they owned to one of the more expensive rented dwellings. There is a rise from 7 to 12percent in moves to more expensive accommodation, where the rent is determined by the market rather than capped by the municipalities.
2.3
600 500 400 300 200 100 0
Household position and moves
x 1,000
2009
2012 Couple over 45 yrs Couple with children One parent household Non-family household
Inflow on the housing market Single under 45 yrs Single over 45 yrs Couple under 45 yrs
Possible explanations are that the allocation policy of housing corporations has changed, in combination with the less than favourable prospects on the housing market, including stricter mortgage conditions. Same starters, different dwellings The number of starters who moved has stayed about the same, but the type of housing the moved to is different. Three quarters of the starters begins in rented accommodation. Compared to 2009 the share of starters (first time renters and former home owners) has even gone up, particularly in the more expensive rental segment, where rents exceed the social housing cap.
2.4
% 100
Moves by ownership and price
80
60
40
20
2009 2012 From own home Buy mid Buy high
2012 2012 From rented accommodation Rent low Rent high
Buy low
Postponement of plans Over 2.1 million households want to move house within the next two years. Almost half of these potential movers has actively looked for a new home. Many have been unable to carry out their plans and do not think they can move within two years. Two thirds of these households that want to move is under45. Their wish to move is mainly fed by major future events such as moving out of the parental home, living together and starting a family. The decision to postpone moving house has something to do with whether people own or rent their home. It also has to do with the current housing situation. Home-owners are more reluctant, especially critical when it comes to accepting a desired dwelling, and only buy after their previous home is sold. The households that tend to postpone moving house are mostly owners, couples and singles over 45, and couples with children. The situation on the housing market is the deciding factor for most groups. Older singles indicate that they would like to move because of their health and the wish to live close to the family. Moving from owned to rented accommodation increasingly popular A growing number of households seek to move to rented accommodation. A quarter already lives in a rented home, three quarters are home owners and starters . This leads to more demand for rental apartments.
The number of households seeking to buy their own home is also rising. Many are already homeowners. Starters and people who rent are less interested in buying than in 2009. The demand for multi-family homes has dwindled. Lower house prices and property transfer tax made it easier to buy in 2011 and 2012 but the bleak economic prospects, mortgage restrictions and continued discussions about abolishing mortgage interest relief have a great influence on the plans for starters who seek to buy.
3
Changing choices in education
3.
Changing choices in education
Dutch education is more accessible now than it was a century ago. Higher education is increasingly attended by girls, children from lower class families, and people with a foreign background. The participation rate of girls in higher education now exceeds that of boys. Higher education levels One trend is that more boys and girls take on higher levels of secondary education. In1990/91 some 71percent of the boys in their third year of secondary education were in junior general and preparatory vocational school types (mavo or vbo). In 2011/12 it was 57 percent. At the same time 22 percent were in havo and 21 percent in vwo, (havo = senior secondary general and vwo=pre-university education). There was a comparable shift among girls although at a higher level. Some 66 percent of the girls in their third year were in mavo or vbo in1990/91 compared to 53percent in2011/12. They are outperforming boys with a 23percent participation rate in havo and a 24percent rate in vwo. Not unlike twenty years ago boys and girls still opt for different profiles in education, but the differences are becoming smaller at all levels.
3.1
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 %
Segregation index in vmbo and mbo
0 1990/ 1993/ '91 '94 Vmbo
1996/ 1999/ '97 '00 Mbo
2002/ '03
2005/ '06
2008/ '09
2011/ '12*
Stereotypical choices Girls traditionally opt for the care and teacher training profiles, and they are also over-represented in social and cultural education. Boys opt much more often for nature and technology profiles. These different choices in education lead to stereotypical choices in the professions, with women over-represented in care and education and greatly underrepresented in the technical professions. Many measures were taken in recent years to get girls to take profiles including maths and science, and these have been successful. Care girls and techno boys Dutch vmbo, which is preparatory vocational education at the secondary level, saw the differences between boys and girls decrease the most. The segregation index in 2011/12 shows a difference of just over 20percent, which means that 20percent of the students would have to change profile to get an equal distribution between boys and girls. In the same year47percent of the girls and 5percent of the boys in vmbo-3/4 choose health care and social work. Some 41 percent of the boys and 4 percent of the girls choose technical subjects. The second most popular profile with boys and girls in vmbo was economics. In1990/91 the segregation index in vmbo was still 34percent. More double profiles The segregation index is much lower in the profiles in havo at 13 and vwo at 11percent. The introduction of a new second phase in havo and vwo in2007/08 saw to a rapid decline in segregation. Maths and economics are no longer compulsory in the havo study profile of culture and society. However, when students opt for a profile without maths and economics, it severely limits their choices in higher education. Girls in havo have been opting for the profile of economics and society, as well as for one of the nature profiles. More girls and boys opt for a double profile. Before the introduction of the new second phase, girls opted far less for a double profile than boys. The choices in profiles of boys and girls have also come closer together in vwo since the introduction of the new second phase. In vwo twice as many girls have opted for the nature and technology profile since 2007/08. The increase went hand in hand with an increase in double profiles in nature studies. Less inequality in higher education In hbo (Dutch higher professional education), male and female students also still make gender specific choices. The segregation index in2011/12 stood at 16percent. Women again opt more often for education, health care and social work than men who opt more often for the social sciences, business administration maths and science. Women and men differed least in the subjects they studied at university. The segregation index has been at less than 10percent for years.
3.2
25 %
Segregation index in secondary general and higher education
20
15
10
0 1990/ 1993/ '91 '94 Havo 4-5
1996/ 1999/ '97 '00 Vwo 5-6
2002/ 2005/ '03 '06 Hbo
2008/ 2011/ '09 '12* Wo 4-5
More women studying maths and science A major cause of the inequality between the sexes in terms of study is that few women have traditionally opted for the profiles nature and technology, particularly in vmbo and mbo. The share of women in technology in2011/12 was 8percent in vmbo and 17percent in mbo. In 2005/06 only one in ten havo students studying nature and technology was female. But this increased to 24percent once the new second phase was introduced (2011/12). The share of female nature and technology students at the vwo level doubled from 19 to 38percent during this period. It went hand in hand with an increase in double profiles in nature. The greater share of women in nature and technology at havo and vwo has not led to an increase in the number of female university students opting for nature and/or technology, but in 2011/12 women did close the gap to some extent.
3.3
Women in maths, science and technology 2000/'01 2005/'06 46 6 51 36 10 53 46 19 47 13 7 53 12 52 20 2011/'12* 47 8 51 43 24 53 48 38 47 17 8 52 17 53 26
Vmbo-3/4 total, excl. vmbo-t sector technology Havo-4/5 total Nature and Technology/Nature and Health profile NT-profile Vwo-5/6 total1) Nature and Technology/Nature and Health profile1) NT-profile1) Mbo total sector technology nature and technology2) Hbo total3) nature and technology2),3) University total nature and technology2),3)
1) 2) 3)
43 3 53 36 12 54 45 20 46 11
53 12 51 22
For vwo 2001/'02 instead of 2000/'01. According to the Isced. First year bachelor and master.
Since 1990/91 many more women have been taking maths and science in higher education, but their participation rate did not exceed 17percent (nature and technology at the higher professional level hbo) and 19percent (technology, industry and architecture at the university level). At the universities the share of women in natural sciences, physics and informatics even fell slightly. Because of the expected shortage in technically trained people on the job market, it is important that more boys and girls train in technical fields.
4
Agri culture
4. Agriculture
Farms and land use Between 1 April 2011 and 1 April 2012 farm numbers fell by 2 percent to 69thousand. This means that 30 farms a week were closing. In 2000 there were still 97 thousand farms. So there is a 29 percent decrease in farm numbers compared to 2000. Yet the area of cultivated land only fell by 7 percent. Land used for growing arable crops is the big loser here with an 18 percent reduction in area, while horticulture on open ground is the big winner with a 7 percent increase. The loss of arable land goes hand in hand with the rapid decline in arable holdings. Between 2000 and 2012 farm numbers decreased by 45percent. In relative terms horticulture under glass lost the most, as the number of holdings halved. Horticulture on open ground also lost 38 percent of its holdings. Holdings with grass land and green fodder crops declined the least, as their number fell by a quarter. Grass land and land for green fodder crops make up about two thirds of all cultivated land. Organic farming on nearly 3 percent of Dutch farm land In 2012 organic farms used 48 thousand hectares. Organic farm land now makes up nearly 3 percent of all cultivated land. Compared to 2011 the land used for arable crops fell by over 1 percent, whereas the land used for horticulture in the open ground and under glass increased by 3 and 8 percent respectively. Organic farming uses most land for grass land and green fodder crops. Here the increase was 3 percent. In comparison with 2011 organic animal farming has grown across the board. Chicken numbers rose by 20 percent while the increase in the number of goats, cattle and pigs varied between 4 and 5 percent. Sheep numbers fell by several percent. Fewer family members, more temp labour In 2012 the labour volume in agriculture was down by 3 percent on 2011, reaching 161 thousand FTE. The labour input of family members fell to 90 thousand FTE, down by 4 percent. In the period 20002012 the share of labour input by family members fell from 66 to 56 percent. This was compensated by the use of temp labour, of which the share went from 9percent in 2000 to 17 percent in 2012. The largest decrease in family labour was found in horticulture (-14 percent).
4.1
Total
Area of agricultural land (1,000 hectares) 2010 1,872 1,233 769 45 182 231 7 542 73 39 47 71 29 23 33 154 31 13 7 23 87 17 19 24 11 12 3 10 5 0 1 2 1 2011 1,858 1,225 766 50 172 230 7 535 73 38 49 73 30 25 34 152 28 11 7 16 89 17 19 25 12 12 3 10 5 0 1 2 1 2012 1,842 1,225 746 49 192 232 6 521 67 39 43 73 27 25 30 152 27 14 8 16 86 17 19 24 11 12 3 10 5 0 1 2 1
Grass land and green fodder corps permanent grass land natural grass land temporary grass land fodder maize other green fodder crops Arable crops potatoes, ware potatoes, seed potatoes for processing sugar beet onions arable vegetables (excl. onions) barley wheat other cereals grass seed fallow land other agriculture Open ground horticulture tree nursery plants open ground fruit horticultural vegetables tulips other bulbs and tubers other open ground horticulture Glasshouse horticulture glasshouse vegetables garden plants house plants cut flowers other horticulture under glass
Less land used for cultivating fruit The land used for growing fruit fell for the third year in a row in 2012. Compared to 2011 it was reduced by 450 hectares to 18.8 thousand hectares. In 2012 some 8.2 thousand hectares was used to grow pear trees, exceeding the apple growing area for the first time ever. In 2012 the pear growing area decreased for the first time this century. The apple growing area was down to less than 8 thousand hectares for the first time ever. The area for growing wine grapes was reduced by 5 hectares, after it had grown continuously since 2006.
4.2
Arable production (million kg) 2010 2011 3,857 1,313 2,163 5,858 1,582 205 8 6 1,175 10 75 204 10,559 8 2012 3,384 1,479 1,904 5,735 1,330
Potatoes, ware Potatoes, seed Potatoes for processing Sugar beet Sowing onions Barley Oats Rye Wheat Triticale Corn cob mix (drymatter) Sweetcorn (6,5% drymatter) Fodder maize (3,5% drymatter) Flax
3,546 1,452 1,845 5,280 1,252 204 8 10 1,370 14 85 197 10,341 11
206 10 9 1,302 12 63 191 10,670 13
Dairy cows
1984
2012
= 250 thousand dairy cows
4.3
Horticultural production (million kg) 2010 2011 47 418 172 24 132 17 17 19 8 336 22 260 33 9 46 304 18 430 365 825 21 42 4 125 77 31 24 19 357 39 14 19 3 41 14 63 137 19 17 69 17 90 34 50 2012* 50 281 115 20 73 8 14 14 3 119 12 161 17 5 47 307 17 410 345 805 15 36 4 121 66 29 23 18 390 36 12 17 2 35 13 57 131 19 16 75 18 93 28 52
Strawberries Apples Elstar Golden Delicious Jonagold/Jonagored Junami Kanzi Rode Boskoop Rubens Pears Beurr Alexandre Lucas Conference Doyenn du Comice Stewing pears Aubergines Mushrooms Courgettes Cucumbers Sweet peppers Tomatoes Peas (picked green) Runner beans Broad beans (picked green) Bunched and washed carrots Celeriac Beetroot Radishes Salsify Winter carrots Cauliflower Curly kale Broccoli Green cabbage Red cabbage Oxheart cabbage Sprouts White cabbage Curly endive Asparagus Iceberg lettuce Other lettuce Leeks Spinach Belgian endive
43 334 145 20 100 10 15 14 7 274 15 214 26 8 46 266 18 435 365 815 21 47 3 119 56 24 23 24 362 42 13 19 3 40 15 61 132 25 14 69 14 100 27 53
4.4
Livestock on farms, 1 April (1,000 animals) 2010 2011 2012
Grazing livestock Goats Horses and ponies Cattle dairy and breeding cattle meat and grazing cattle Sheep Non-grazing livestock Chickens laying hens (incl. mother hens) meat chickens (incl. mother hens) Other poultry (ducks, turkeys) Rabbits Fur bearing animals Pigs piglets breeding pigs porkers 101,248 49,156 52,091 2,374 299 964 12,255 5,124 1,227 5,904 96,919 45,669 51,249 2,324 302 978 12,429 5,297 1,227 5,905 95,273 44,052 51,221 1,822 327 1,031 12,234 5,180 1,180 5,874 353 143 3,975 2,725 1,250 1,130 380 137 3,885 2,678 1,207 1,088 397 132 3,879 2,678 1,201 1043
Fewer sheep, more goats On 1 April 2012 Dutch farms had 4 million cattle, 12 million pigs, 95million chickens, 400 thousand goats and 1 million sheep. The number of cattle, pigs and poultry has been reduced by 5 to 10 percent since 2000. This was in part because of outbreaks of diseases (foot and mouth disease in 2001 and fowl pest in 2003), but each was followed by a recovery. Goat numbers increased between 2000 and 2012, but was halted in 2010 by the large scale destruction of goats due to Q-fever. Sheep developments had many ups and downs: after recovering from foot and mouth disease, the number of sheep fell again in 2006/2007 when the subsidy for keeping sheep was abolished and bluetongue disease spread.
4.5
40
Dutch farm sizes
x 1,000
30
20
10
0 to 1 hectares 2000
30 to 50 hectares
50+ hectares
4.6
Meat, dairy and egg production (million kg) 2010 2011 2012*
Meat production (with bone incl. fat) calves mature cattle sheep and goats pigs meat chickens Unprocessed cow's milk delivered to dairy factories Milk processed to butter processed cheese condensed milk milk powder Chicken's eggs (billion)
222 166 15 1,288 751
219 163 15 1,347 809
215 159 15 1,313 857
11,626 133 753 347 199 10.2
11,642 129 750 356 193 10.5
11,670 132 764 371 188 10.2
4.7
120 100 80 60 40 20 0
Farms and horticultural enterprises, number and size
enterprises x 1,000
hectares
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
'00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 '12 Number (left axis) Area (right axis)
4.8
Workers in agriculture and horticulture (x 1,000) 2010 2011 166 139 94 45 27 209 147 62 2012 161 134 90 43 27 198 137 61
Labour volume (FTE) regular workers family workers not family members casual workers Regular workers family workers not family members
170 141 96 46 28 212 148 64
4.9
Organic farming 2011 2012 1,448
Number of organic farms Arable land (hectares) Arable crops Open ground horticulture Glasshouse horticulture Grass land and green fodder crops Livestock (numbers) Cattle Sheep Goats Pigs Chickens
1,400
10,257 1,870 118 35,173
10,109 1,932 127 36,263
49,405 20,008 25,160 57,487 1,832,940
51,382 19,760 26,277 60,458 2,212,109
4.10
Fish prices at Dutch fish auctions (euros/kg) 2010 2011 0.57 2.03 7.21 2.70 6.66 1.37 2.31 0.80 1.42 10.34 11.14 9.98 2012* 0.74 4.19 6.14 2.58 5.53 1.75 1.99 0.91 1.43 8.27 9.65 10.24
Flounder Shrimp Brill Cod Langoustine Mussels Gurnard Dab Plaice Turbot Sole Bass
0.46 2.71 6.42 2.54 5.20 1.23 2.03 0.76 1.32 10.59 11.48 9.24
4.11
900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0
Tomatoes, harvest and area 19472012*
x million kg
hectares
4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500
1950 Harvest (left axis)
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
Area (right axis)
Tomato harvest: 48 kilograms per inhabitant In 2012 the tomato harvest equalled 48 kilograms per inhabitant. That is roughly the production of 1 square metre of tomato growing land. In total the harvest was 805 million kilograms in 2012, produced on 1.7thousand hectares. The surge in tomato growing started after World War II. In 1950 the tomato harvest per inhabitant was 7.5 kilograms and the yield per square metre 7 kilograms. In the eighties the yield per square metre rose spectacularly from 18 kilograms in 1980 to 41 kilograms in 1990. The land used fell from 2.2 to 1.6 thousand hectares, while the harvest increased from 396 million kilograms (1980) to 650 million kilograms (1990).
5
Construction and housing
5.
Construction and housing
Existing dwellings nearly 6percent cheaper In2012 existing dwellings fetched 5.9percent less than in2011. Prices fell most in the province of Gelderland, namely by 6.6percent. The smallest drop was found in Overijssel, where existing dwellings were 4.5percent cheaper. Not only did house prices drop in 2012, but so did the number of transactions. In 2012 some 117.3 thousand existing homes were sold, 3,5thousand fewer than in2011. Far fewer apartments were sold, namely 9.1percent. This brings the number of apartments sold to 32.9thousand. More detached houses were sold in 2012, namely 13.8 thousand, 384 more than in2011. The value of the existing homes sold in2012 fell by 8.3percent to 27billion euros. Values decreased more than prices. This implies that the dwellings sold in 2012 were of a lesser quality than those sold in2011. Cheap housing for the lower and middle incomes Nearly 1million of the 2.1million houses of housing corporations in2010 had a (WOZ) value of less than 150thousand euros. This is nearly thrice the number of owner-occupied dwellings in this price bracket. The reason why the corporations construct so many cheap houses is that they have to provide affordable houses for people on low incomes. The disposable income of a quarter of the households living in corporation dwellings with a value below 150thousand euros was less than 15 thousand euros. Nine in ten households in this low income bracket are one-person households. The majority of households living in corporation houses (57percent) has a disposable income of 1530thousand euros. Over half are one-person households, nearly a quarter is a couple without children. Construction worst hit in2012 Of all sectors, construction was worst hit by the crisis in2012. Production fell by more than 8percent, turnover by 7percent. Civil engineering was the only sector in construction that thrived in2012. Residential and non-residential construction was worst hit by the continued slump on the housing market and the market for commercial property. Civil engineering saw its turnover in the last three quarters of 2012 increase, mainly because of laying cables and pipes. It benefitted from the government incentives under the Crisis and Recovery Act and from laying fibre optic and other cables for internet and telecommunication networks etc. The turnover realised of road, railway and tunnel builders could be maintained at the 2011 level in2012.
5.1
House prices (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 2012
Total number of dwellings Groningen Friesland Drenthe Overssel Flevoland Gelderland Utrecht North Holland South Holland Zeeland North Brabant Limburg Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Utrecht The Netherlands
1.0 0.3 1.4 1.5 2.6 2.0 2.1 2.5 1.7 2.2 2.3 2.3 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.9 2.0
2.6 4.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.0 1.5 1.9 1.1 3.0 2.3 0.3 0.7 1.7 0.2 2.3
5.8 6.4 5.6 4.5 4.9 6.6 6.1 6.0 5.7 5.0 6.5 5.6 6.2 4.1 6.4 5.8 5.9
5.2
House prices of existing own homes (year-on-year % change) 2010 2011 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.9 2.3 2012 5.9 5.9 5.4 5.9 6.5 6.5 6.1
Total dwellings Single family dwelling terraced house corner house semi-detached house detached house Apartment
2.0 2.2 1.7 1.8 2.5 2.9 1.3
5.3
Average house prices per municipality, 1 January 2012 (1,000 euros)
130200 201250 251400 401500 501 or more
5.4
Total
Average house value (WOZ) per province (1,000 euros) 2010 242 180 197 215 222 203 260 286 269 226 200 271 206 2011** 237 179 195 212 218 202 254 281 262 222 198 264 200 2012** 232 175 190 207 214 197 246 276 259 218 194 258 196
Groningen Friesland Drenthe Overssel Flevoland Gelderland Utrecht North Holland South Holland Zeeland North Brabant Limburg
5.5
Total
Dwellings for which building permits were granted 2010 61,028 1,613 1,431 1,254 4,504 1,570 8,342 5,552 10,410 12,669 1,252 9,608 2,823 2011 55,804 1,881 1,824 1,389 3,332 1,723 8,656 3,966 9,372 10,576 1,256 9,592 2,237 2012 37,370 767 1,818 552 2,711 1,099 5,753 2,120 6,175 6,188 974 7,375 1,838
Groningen Friesland Drenthe Overssel Flevoland Gelderland Utrecht North Holland South Holland Zeeland North Brabant Limburg
5.6
60
Prices and transactions of existing own homes
x 1,000
2005=100
110 105 100 95 90 85 80
50 40
30 20
10 0 I IV III IV I IV III IV I IV III IV I IV III IV I IV III IV 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Transactions (left axis) Prices (right axis)
5.7
Stages in the construction process (million euros) 2010 2011 14,937 12,081 7,547 4,534 2,856 17,981 14,548 9,061 5,487 3,433 11,873 10,366 6,120 4,247 1,506 20,017 16,317 9,826 6,491 3,700 2012 11,127 8,571 4,691 3,880 2,556 14,720 11,867 7,141 4,728 2,851 9,428 8,022 4,183 3,840 1,406 17,528 14,336 8,921 5,416 3,191
New orders for buildings new construction residential non-residential renovation/extension Production new construction residential non-residential renovation/extension To be produced (31 December) new construction residential non-residential renovation/extension Buildings completed new construction residential non-residential renovation/extension
16,259 12,999 8,055 4,944 3,260 19,493 15,777 9,656 6,121 3,715 14,310 12,337 7,101 5,236 1,973 20,778 16,943 10,593 6,350 3,835
5.8
Turnover construction industry, all companies (2005=100) 2010 2011 104.3 103.0 106.2 104.5 107.0 105.1 100.6 107.2 2012* 97.0 92.5 108.0 96.2 103.0 100.5 90.1 88.9
Construction (excl.project development) Residential and non-residential Civil engineering Specialised construction destruction and earth moving activities installations on construction completion of buildings other specialised construction
100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
5.9
130
Turnover construction industry
2010=100
120
110
100
90
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Residential and non-residential Specialised construction
Construction (excl. project development) Civil engineering
5.10
125 120 115 110 105 100 95 2005
Price indices construction industry
2005=100
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Residential, output Civil engineering
Residential, input
5.11
Value of permits for new non-residential construction (million euros) 2010 2011 4,534 679 389 480 56 407 570 92 1,861 2012 3,880 604 393 422 18 391 535 49 1,468
Total Factories Halls, warehouses, storage facilities Oces Glasshouses Schools Barns, livestock sheds, stables Shops Other buildings
4,944 718 339 664 24 328 612 28 2,232
5.12
60 40 20 0 20 40 60 %
Building sum trends in new orders for architects
II
III IV
II
III IV
II
III IV
II
III IV
2009 2010 Residential, new construction Residential, existing construction
2011 2012 Non-residential, new constuction Non-residential, existing construction
6
Education
6. Education
One in five dropouts obtains starter qualifications later on About 22 percent of the students who dropped out in school year 2004/05 obtained their starter qualification anyway within seven years. A starter qualification is a diploma at the havo, vwo or mbo-2 level. This meant that 27 percent of the students who dropped out of general secondary education and 20 percent of the students who prematurely left secondary vocational education graduated anyway. The closer the drop outs were to getting their starter qualification, the higher the graduation rate eventually. After seven years the percentage ranged from 72 percent for vwo students to 19percent for students in their first years. Some 26 percent of the dropouts from level 4 mbo vocational education who were training for middle management and specialists graduated eventually, and just 11percent of the level 1 mbo dropouts who trained to become assistants. Lump sum financing up in higher education Total Dutch spending on education in 2011 exceeded 40 billion euros, up half a billion on 2010. The government paid 86 percent of this. More was spent on subsidies and fiscal regulations. Since the new education law (OKE) came into force in August 2010, which deals with providing development opportunities through quality and education, part of the spending on child care is attributed to education. The student pass prepayments by the government to transport companies were also higher in 2011 than in 2010. Lump sum financing in primary and secondary education fell for the first time since 1995 with 160 and 45 million euros respectively. Higher education received 110 million euros more. The financial situation of primary and secondary schools deteriorated further in 2011. Primary education lost 105 million, after a loss of 117 million in 2010. Secondary education lost 104 million after a loss of 51 million in 2010. The financial situation in higher education on the other hand improved, with a profit of 174 million euros (2010: 185 million euros).
6.1
Primary education 2009/'10 2010/'11 2011/'12*
Educational institutions Primary education Special primary education Special schools Pupils (x 1,000) Primary education Special primary education Special schools
6,895 311 323
6,849 308 324
6,808 304 324
1,548 43 68
1,535 43 69
1,517 42 70
6.2
Secondary education 2009/'10 2010/'11 659 940 393 165 151 102 102 27 2011/'12* 659 949 402 164 153 104 100 27
Educational institutions Students (x 1,000) year 1 vwo havo vmbo-gt vmbo-bk practical training Pass rates 1) (%) vwo havo vmbo-gt vmbo-bk Continued education by graduates 1) (%) from vwo to university from vwo to hbo from havo to hbo from havo to vwo from havo to mbo from vmbo-gt to havo from vmbo-gt to mbo from vmbo-bk to mbo
1)
657 935 388 164 149 102 106 27
89 85 94 95
89 85 93 95
. . . .
72 13 78 4 3 18 79 95
71 12 78 4 3 16 81 95
. . . . . . . .
Provisional figures in 2010/'11.
6.3
Mbo and adult education 2009/'10 2010/'11 73 528 358 170 25 129 145 229 2011/'12* 70 523 358 165 24 125 144 230
Educational institutions Students (x 1,000) senior secondary vocational education (bol) senior secondary vocational education (bbl) level 1 level 2 level 3 level 4
71 522 351 171 24 130 142 226
Continued education 1) (%) from level 1 to 2 from level 2 to 3 from level 3 to 4 from level 4 to hbo
38 41 33 41
. . . .
. . . .
School-leavers from mbo 1) (%) level 1 level 2 level 3 level 4
36 13 5 4
37 13 5 4
. . . .
Participants in adult education (x 1,000) basic level 36 secundary level (vavo) 17

1)
28 15
22 14
Provisional figures in 2010/'11. Higher education 2009/'10 2010/'11 2011/'12*
6.4
Students enrolled (x 1,000) hbo university Graduates (x 1,000) Bachelors (hbo) Bachelors (university) Masters old/new style
403 233
417 242
424 245
62 27 30
61 31 33
. . .
Average duration of studies 1) (months) Full-time hbo bachelor students 54 Full-time university by vwo students Bachelors Masters old/new style
1)
54 53 75
. . .
53 75
Provisional figures in 2010/'11.
6.5
School dropouts who obtained their starter qualification later 1)
Secondary general education Total Vwo 36 Havo 35 Vmbo 34 Year 12 Secondary vocational education Total Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Level 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
%
Share with starter qualification after 7 yrs

1)
Total dropouts
Students who dropped out in school year 2004/'05.
6.6
Education level of the population (15 to 65 yrs) (%) 2010 2011 10,994
Population (x1,000) Education level (%) Primary education Vmbo, mbo 1, avo lower level of which primary adult education Havo, vwo, mbo mbo 2/ 3 mbo 4 havo, vwo Bachelors (hbo, university) Masters old/new style
11,017
8 23 10 40 13 17 10 18 10
8 23 10 40 13 17 11 18 9
6.7
Total
Spending on education (million euros) 2010 39,567 32,802 10,935 13,906 7,961 3,468 229 1,470 1,769 2,866 17 1,522 1,327 431 24 161 246 6.7 2011* 40,080 33,243 10,881 13,873 8,489 3,315 303 1,513 1,499 3,007 41 1,536 1,430 515 21 224 270 6.7
By government primary education secondary education, mbo higher education By households primary education secondary education, mbo higher education By companies primary education secondary education, mbo higher education By rest of the world primary education secondary education, mbo higher education as % of GDP
6.8
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Spending on educational institutions per pupil/student
1,000 euros
Primary education 2005 2010
Secondary education 2011*
Higher education
Higher education excl. R&D
6.9
Operating results of educational institutions, 2011* (million euros) Primary Secondary Higher education education, education mbo
Assets transfers from government other assets Liabilities sta costs depreciation housing other costs Ordinary results (1)
9,976 9,066 909 10,127 8,246 215 627 1,039 152
11,879 10,548 1,330 11,955 9,070 562 829 1,495 77
9,756 5,967 3,789 9,531 6,469 601 693 1,768 225
Operating balance sheet (2)
47
30
41
Special items (3) Results (1)+(2)+(3) Investment
1 105 279
3 104 818
10 174 794
6.10
Balance sheet of educational institutions, 2011* (million euros) Primary Secondary Higher education education, education mbo
Total assets total fixed assets intangible material financial total current assets inventories receivables securities liquid assets Total liabilities own funds provisions long-term debts short-term debts
4,578 1,791 0 1,329 462 2,787 0 846 61 1,879 4,578 2,696 442 70 1,370
8,589 6,118 12 5,760 346 2,471 21 659 72 1,718 8,589 3,831 726 1,558 2,474
9,696 6,494 17 6,265 212 3,202 15 1,214 39 1,934 9,696 4,379 608 1,427 3,282
7
Enter prises
7.
Enterprises
More enterprises, predominantly sole proprietors Compared with 1January2011 the number of enterprises had increased by over 73thousand on 1January2012 and reached nearly 1.25million. In the year before, the number of enterprises went up by nearly 46 thousand. The sectors that contributed most to this increase were holdings and management consultancies (9.4 thousand), design, photography, translation bureaus (5.8 thousand) and education (5.5thousand). In agriculture, however, there was a 1.7thousand drop in numbers. The number of sole proprietors rose spectacularly. On 1 January 2012 there were 694 thousand, nearly 62 thousand more than on 1 January 2011. Sole proprietors made up 80 percent of the rise in the number of enterprises. This has been the trend for quite some time. In January2007the 473thousand sole proprietors represented 49percent of the business population, in2012 they represented 56percent. Construction and other business services have the highest share of sole proprietors, financial services the lowest. The most common legal form in the latter is the private company (BV). The private company is the second most common legal person after the sole proprietorship, followed by limited liability partnerships and various types of cooperation. Websites are common In2012 some 84percent of all enterprises had a website. This share has hardly increased since2005. Nearly all major companies have their own website, and many small businesses do. Clients can order or make reservations online in more than a quarter of the company websites. The most active in this area are hotels and restaurants (44 percent of the enterprises). Many energy and trading enterprises sell their products online.
7.1
Total
Enterprises by activity, 1 January 2010 2011 2012
1,123,235 1,168,985 1,246,330 64,380 62,660 60,970 490 495 535 815 860 865 40 35 15 145 145 140 105 100 135 4,345 165 5 1,635 1,630 350 2,160 370 4,115 20 785 160 1,280 1,920 340 9,630 1,395 1,180 2,960 765 1,350 5,990 4,005 3,905 660 25 100 750 200 48,340 5,935 73,335 26,960 72,930 93,370 15,120 4,970 310 4,930 4,435 4,265 175 5 1,690 1,615 360 2,185 350 4,025 25 765 175 1,300 1,910 355 9,665 1,435 1,170 2,955 755 1,380 6,035 4,060 4,260 680 20 110 760 225 48,900 6,090 73,140 27,345 73,255 95,405 15,125 4,985 315 5,125 4,600 4,520 195 10 1,810 1,675 375 2,245 345 4,105 25 790 175 1,300 1,935 335 9,985 1,460 1,165 2,945 735 1,390 6,325 4,485 4,880 750 15 130 780 240 52,495 6,450 75,595 28,770 75,195 99,060 15,520 5,000 305 5,445 5,125
Agriculture Forestry and logging Fishing and aquaculture Extraction of crude petroleum and gas Mining and quarrying (no oil and gas) Mining support activities Manufacture of food products Manufacture of beverages Manufacture of tobacco products Manufacture of textiles Manufacture of wearing apparel Manufacture of leather and footwear Manufacture of wood products Manufacture of paper Printing and reproduction Manufacture of coke and petroleum Manufacture of chemicals Manufacture of pharmaceuticals Manufacture rubber, plastic products Manufacture of building materials Manufacture of basic metals Manufacture of metal products Manufacture of electronic products Manufacture of electric equipment Manufacture of machinery n.e.c. Manufacture of cars and trailers Manufacture of other transport Manufacture of furniture Manufacture of other products Repair and installation of machinery Electricity and gas supply Water collection and distribution Sewerage Waste collection and treatment Remediation, other waste management Construction buildings, development Civil engineering Specialised construction activities Sale and repair of motor vehicles Wholesale trade (no motor vehicles) Retail trade (not in motor vehicles) Land transport Water transport Air transport Warehousing, services for transport Postal and courier activities
7.1
Enterprises by activity, 1 January (end) 2010 2011 2012
Accommodation Food and beverage service activities Publishing Film, TV and music production etc Programming and broadcasting Telecommunications Support activities in the field of IT Information service activities Financial institutions, no insurance Insurance and pension funding Other financial services Renting, buying, selling real estate Legal services, administration etc. Holding companies (not financial) Architects, technical services etc. Research and development Advertising and market research Other specialised business services Veterinary activities Renting and leasing of tangible goods Employment activities Travel agencies, tour operators etc Security and investigation Facility management Other business services Public administration and services
7,150 7,410 7,885 37,180 37,165 38,815 3,195 9,130 325 1,260 33,680 5,305 3,180 9,705 310 1,275 36,225 6,225 3,290 10,730 295 1,255 39,910 7,220
54,530 57,415 61,020 435 490 505 13,625 13,905 14,395 29,840 36,180 72,340 29,985 2,645 30,580 38,360 78,080 31,745 2,835 31,660 40,670 87,495 33,635 2,945
29,205 30,700 32,400 29,670 33,140 38,910 1,760 1,835 1,975 7,545 10,485 3,250 2,115 7,865 10,655 3,645 2,190 8,090 11,135 3,900 2,385
16,925 18,235 19,665 4,610 5,010 6,165 755 780 780
Education Human health activities Residential care and guidance Social work without accommodation Arts Libraries, museums, zoos etc Lotteries and betting Sports and recreation Membership organisations Repair of computers and consumer goods Other personal services
31,230 40,795 1,245 9,765
35,340 44,765 1,310 10,540
40,820 49,820 1,455 11,625
40,640 45,555 50,775 2,500 2,540 2,605 500 470 470 15,330 15,830 17,050 12,545 12,680 13,140 7,130 7,270 7,720 49,625 52,435 56,975
7.2
Enterprises by legal form, 1 January 2012 (share in %) legal form Sole General Private Other proprie- partcomlegal tor nership pany forms (VOF) (BV)
Agriculture Manufacturing, extraction and energy Construction Trade Transport Hotels restaurants Information and communication Financial serv and real estate Business services Government, education and care Culture and other services
37 48 74 50 47 43 63 8 63 65 73
19 14 10 21 23 37 9 5 8 6 7
9 36 15 26 26 14 25 74 27 10 4
35 2 1 2 4 6 3 13 3 18 15
7.3
Investment in tangible fixed assets (million euros) 2010 2011* 3,044 7,288 3,680 1,566 2,047 . . . . . . .
Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities Construction Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles retail trade wholesale and agents car trade and repair Accommodation and food service activities Transport, storage and communication Real estate and service activities
1,446 6,105 3,388 1,703 1,790 4,463 1,745 2,031 686 719 8,161 11,909
7.4
Balance sheet/ profit and loss account of non-financial enterprises 2010 2011* 1,575.2 1,272.9 94.1
Balance sheet total (billion euros) Turnover Net result Balance (% of balance sheet total) Assets fixed assets (in)tangible financial current assets inventories receivables liquid assets Liabilities shareholders' equity debt long term short term Profit and loss account (% of turnover) Turnover Expenses () Value added Depreciation () Wages () Operating profits Results of subsidiaries Net interest () Other results Pre-tax results Taxes () Minority shareholders' interest () Net result Profits (% of net result) At disposal of shareholders Addition to general reserve
1,322.3 1,087.7 76.8
25.4 35.7 6.8 24.2 7.8 43.1 29.2 27.7
24.1 40.3 6.7 21.5 7.4 44.0 29.3 26.7
100.0 75.8 24.2 3.3 15.6 5.3 4.0 1.3 0.2 8.2 1.1 0.1 7.1
100.0 77.4 22.6 3.1 14.5 5.0 4.4 1.2 0.3 8.5 1.0 0.1 7.4
64.8 35.2
58.1 41.9
7.5
Research and development sta, 2011* Own R&Ddepartment units Sta
FTE 118,496 63,863 11,151 11,284 32,198
Total of which companies with 10 employees or more companies with less than 10 employees public research institutes institutions of higher education
. 7,812 9,710 89 .
7.6
Research and development expenditure, 2011* Expenditure million euros % of GDP 2.04 1.06 0.09 0.22 0.66
Total of which companies with 10 employees or more companies with less than 10 employees public research institutes institutions of higher education
12,261 6,387 555 1,324 3,994
7.7
Companies with a website (%) 2010 2012 84
Total (10 or more employed persons) Company size 10 to 19 employed persons 20 to 49 employed persons 50 to 99 employed persons 100 to 249 employed persons 250 to 499 employed persons 500 or more employed persons
83
78 82 91 93 96 98
80 85 91 94 94 97
7.8
Companies enabling online orders/reservations, by sector, January 2012 1) Total Accommodation and food service activities Electricity and gas supply; waste management Wholesale and retail trade Financial institutions
Information and communication Renting, buying and selling of real estate Human health and social work activities Transportation and storage Renting and other business services Manufacturing Specialised business services Construction
0
1)
10
20
30
40
50
%
Companies employing 10 or more persons.
Number of companies
2007
2012
= 100,000 companies
8
Financial and business services
8. Financial and business services

Less profit for non-life insurance companies in 2011 Dutch non-life insurance companies achieved a technical result of nearly 1.1 billion euros in 2011. This is nearly half a billion euros less than in 2010 as their profits on indemnity insurance were down. The non-life insurance companies in transport saw their technical result dwindle in particular, due to the economic downturn. They faced a 46million euro loss in 2011. In 2010 their result had still been 11 million euros positive. Accident and health insurance companies also saw their results slide. Although they did make a profit of 296 million euros in 2011, it is 421million euros less than in 2010. This sector includes the additional medical health costs insurers, who faced stiff price competition and increasingly critical consumers. Non-life insurance companies for motor vehicles and other damages, on the other hand, made more profit in 2011 than in 2010. Turnover up 0.6 percent in business services in 2012 In 2012 the providers of business services managed to increase their turnover by 0.6 percent. This is not as much as in 2011, when turnover rose by 1.5 percent. The fourth quarter of 2012 was the problem. Turnover grew in the first three quarters, but in the fourth things took a turn for the worse. Business services show a varied picture. Inspection and control companies, management consultancies and travel organisations raised their turnover substantially. Thanks to online intermediary services, the travel sector achieved the largest a turnover increase of 2012, namely 13.4 percent. Architects and advertising agencies performed worst of all with a turnover dips of 13.7 and 5.8 percent. This brought the turnover for architects nearly 50 percent below the level before the financial and economic crisis began at the end of 2008.
8.1
Turover by business services, 2012 (year-on-year changes)
Advertising agencies IT services Architects and engineers Temporary employment agencies Telecommunication Accountants, administration Cleaning services Legal services Security and detection Management consultancies Inspection and control Travel agencies 6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 %
8.2
Enterprises in financial and business services, 1 Jan. 2012
Temporary employment agencies Insurance companies and pension funds Research Security, other business services Travel agencies and information Renting of movables Architects and engineers Advertising and marketing research Management consultancies and holdings Design and veterinary services Banks 0 1 to 5 10 to 100 20 40 60 80 100 %
5 to 10 100 and more persons employed
8.3
Persons employed in financial and business services 2010 total 2011* of total whom: women of whom: women
x 1,000 % Banks Insurance companies and pension funds Management consultancies and holdings Architects and engineers Research Advertising and marketing research Design and veterinary services Renting of movables Temporary employment agencies Travel agencies and information Security, other business services 143 61 295 129 35 84 37 30 455 24 257 47 43 46 25 36 42 50 26 38 67 51
x 1,000 % 140 61 293 128 36 84 38 31 473 24 259 46 43 45 25 39 42 50 29 38 71 52
Household savings in bank accounts
2008
2011
= 1 billion euros
8.4
Total
Investments by institutional investors (billion euros) 2005 1,070 94 636 341 2010 1,511 353 762 396 2011 1,608 366 822 419
Investment institutions Pension funds Insurance companies
8.5
Combined balance sheet of financial enterprises (billion euros) 2005 2010 2011
Assets monetary gold accounts receivable (international monetary institutions) cash and current account deposits bonds financial derivatives shares short-term securities holdings short-term loans long-term loans mortgages fixed assets transitional assets other assets
3,325 10 1 96 374 634 9 470 20 213 278 542 498 67 113 18
4,592 21 7 179 389 901 11 780 21 291 407 753 662 57 106 29
4,928 24 7 181 490 922 18 795 18 293 580 759 675 57 79 33
Liabilities cash current account deposits savings bonds shares and holdings short-term securities short-term debts long-term debts transitional assets reserves
3,325 23 253 611 211 482 398 32 124 189 142 860
4,592 21 383 759 288 801 616 93 150 259 166 1,056
4,928 19 430 895 303 804 610 116 194 244 200 1,112
8.6
Operating results of non-life insurance companies (million euros) 2005 2010 2011*
Technical result (total) of which fire and other damage motor vehicles accidents and illness sea, transport, aviation other
2,467 462 456 1,194 94 260
1,499 23 59 717 11 688
1,088 189 173 296 46 476
8.7
Profit and loss account of credit institutions (million euros) 2005 2010 2011
Assets interest etc. yield on securities procuration (2000=net) profits on financial transactions other income Liabilities interest etc. procuration (2000=net) general expenses and administration other operating expenses value adjustments to receivables other value adjustments operating results extraordinary income\expenses tax net profit in accounting year
81,976 61,644 5,468 5,967 2,627 6,270 81,976 45,270 838 18,627 128 1,090 866 15,157 0 1,935 13,222
97,467 88,519 1,789 6,600 849 1,408 97,467 67,488 1,378 16,078 251 3,137 1,776 7,359 2 1,340 6,021
101,917 89,898 3,522 6,675 332 2,154 101,917 69,130 1,445 16,684 277 3,911 3,067 7,403 4 514 6,885
8.8
Profit and loss account of pension funds (billion euros) 2005 2010 2011*
Assets premiums return on investment other assets Liabilities net change in technical provisions pensions paid, lump sum commutes other liabilities
105 25 76 4 105 52 18 35
111 28 79 4 111 85 24 2
89 30 53 6 89 121 25 57
8.9
Operating costs and results in business services, 2010
Accountants, administration Security and detection Cleaning services Computer services Architects and engineers Temporary employment agencies Market and opinion research Renting of movables 0 Purchases Results 20 40 60 80 100
% of yield
Personnel Other operating costs
8.10
180 160 140 120 100 80 60
Key figures temporary employment agencies, seasonally adjusted figures
2005=100
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Turnover Temporary contract hours Permanent contract hours
9
Government
9. Government
A ten cent deficit with every euro spent The government was again unable to cover its expenses with its current income in2012. It was nearly 10cents short on each euro it spent. The government deficit came to more than 24billion euros. This is 4.1percent of GDP, and slightly less than in2011. Spending up due to care and benefits costs Dutch government spending rose slightly in2012. The government spent nearly 3 billion euros more on costs incurred on the basis of the Exceptional medical Expenses Act (AWBZ). Spending on basic health care insurance stabilised for the first time in years. The government spent 1.4 billion euros more on pensions (AOW), while growing unemployment cost an extra 0.8billion euros in benefits. Just like in2011 government investments, salary costs and subsidies were reduced. More income through extra taxes and natural gas revenues Government income was 5 billion euros higher than in 2011, mainly thanks to higher yields from wage and income tax and social premiums, which were over 4billion euros more than in2011. Furthermore revenues from natural gas were up by over 2billion euros. However, income from corporation tax decreased further. The lowering of conveyance tax in2011 was still felt in2012. Revenues from health insurance premiums fell by 0.8 billion euros. Government debt reaches 71percent of GDP Dutch government debt rose by 33 billion euros in 2012 reaching 428 billion euro or 71 percent of GDP. The debt grew faster than the deficit because the government supplied capital to countries in need through the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF) and by injecting capital in the new European Stability Mechanism (ESM). Together this added up to over 9 billion euros. In 2012 the ING bank repaid 1 billion euros of the capital support it received in2008. The government used this to lower its debt.
9.1
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 '90
Government deficit and government debt
% GDP
% GDP
80 76 72 68 64
EMU-norm
60 56 52 48
'92
'94
'96
'98
'00
'02
'04
'06
'08
'10
44 '12
Deficit (left axis)
Debt (right axis)
Central government tax revenues
2001 2011
= 20 billion euros
9.2
Macroeconomic key figures of general government 2010** 2011* 2012*
Revenue and expenditure (million euros) Revenue 271,669 taxes 143,208 social security contributions 83,109 sales of goods and services 19,997 other 25,355 Expenditure 301,213 compensation of employees 59,207 use of goods and services 46,879 social benefits 131,144 gross investments in fixed assets 21,337 other 42,646 Net lending/net borrowing 29,544 Balance and debt EMU-deficit (million euros) EMU-deficit (% GDP) EMU-debt (million euros) EMU-debt (% GDP) Final consumption expenditure of general government Final consumption expenditure (million euros) Final consumption expenditure (% volume changes) Labour input (1,000 fte jobs)
273,318 139,569 88,798 20,096 24,855 299,928 58,877 45,607 136,003 20,238 39,203 26,610
278,429 135,503 95,546 20,070 27,310 302,455 58,419 46,127 140,110 20,192 37,607 24,026
30,118 5.1 371,784 63.1
27,009 4.5 394,197 65.5
24,405 4.1 427,515 71.2
167,065 1 1,095
168,157
170,603
0.1 0 1,082 .
9.3
Total
Tax revenues (million euros) 2010** 143,208 42,458 48,178 12,782 11,120 4,606 3,911 5,209 2,096 2,785 3,046 2,400 1,717 861 442 609 988 2011* 139,569 41,321 46,693 12,409 11,268 4,408 4,004 5,180 1,978 1,935 3,128 2,590 1,538 1,020 475 541 1,081 2012* 135,503 41,435 44,404 11,854 11,288 4,014 4,171 5,139 1,502 1,127 3,351 2,481 1,383 1,145 458 536 165 1,050
VAT (Value added tax) Wage tax and income tax Corporation tax Excise duties Energy levies Environmental taxes Motor vehicle tax (incl.eurovignet) Taxes on passenger cars and motorcycles (BPM) Real estate transfer tax Property tax Dividend tax Capital taxes Insurance premium tax Tax on lotteries and gambling Bank tax Labour costs levies Other taxes
9.4
Government; expenditure by functions of government (million euros) 2010** 2011* 299,928 33,475 8,174 12,456 32,760 10,010 3,465 50,966 10,505 34,734 103,383 27,099 41,492 10,732 24,060
Total General public services Defence Public order and safety Economic aairs Environmental protection Housing and community amenities Health Recreation, culture and religion Education Social protection sickness and disability old age unemployment social protection n.e.c.
301,213 34,882 8,325 12,389 35,613 10,400 4,141 48,978 10,810 34,319 101,356 26,063 40,341 11,344 23,608
Spending quote rising fast since 2008 Since 2009 the Dutch budget deficit and debt no longer meet the norms of the European Monetary Union of 3 and 60percent of GDP maximum. The deficits are caused by sharp increase in government spending in2009 which stabilised in the next few years. There was less income in2009 because of the credit crunch, and the recovery was very slow. Only by 2012 did income return to its 2008 level. Income as a percentage of GDP has been falling since 2008, whereas spending went up by 4percent points to over 50percent of GDP. Much of the increase can be attributed to benefits and care, which make up nearly half of Dutch government spending. They have increased by 23billion euros since 2008, whereas other spending rose by just 4billion euros.
9.5
Government debt EMU nominal value by instrument (million euros) 2010** 2011* 394,197 175,596 218,601 473 473 0 43,317 1,567 41,750 265,570 108,662 156,908 19,818 19,511 307 65,019 45,383 19,636 2012* 427,515 202,688 224,826 473 473 0 32,870 2,887 29,983 298,387 117,033 181,353 29,003 28,629 374 66,782 53,666 13,116
Total debt of general government domestic foreign Currency domestic foreign Bills and short term bonds domestic foreign Long term bonds domestic foreign Short term loans domestic foreign Long term loans domestic foreign
371,784 144,401 227,383 435 435 0 53,223 1,670 51,553 240,525 86,108 154,417 14,038 13,731 307 63,563 42,457 21,106
9.6
Expenditure of the Ministries and Budgetary Funds (million euros) 2010 2011 236,681
Total
237,570
The Royal House The King 40 Staten Generaal 146 High Council of the State 114 Ministry of General Aairs 76 Ministry of Kingdom Relations 1,744 Ministry of Foreign Aairs 10,984 Ministry of Justice 6,099 Ministry of Security and Justice Ministry of the Interior 6,055 Ministry of Education, Cultural Aairs and Science 37,173 National debt 43,250 Ministry of Finance 12,161 Ministry of Defence 8,472 Ministry for Housing, Regional Development 1,111 Ministry of Transport and Water Management 9,441 Ministry of Public Works and the Environment Ministry of Economic Aairs 2,810 Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality 2,637 Ministry of Economic Aairs, Agriculture and Innovation Ministry for Social Aairs and Employment 29,137 Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports 21,748 Ministry of Youth and Family 6,730 Ministry of Living, Neighbourhoods and Integration 3,833 Municipality Fund 18,381 Provinces Fund 1,483 Infrastructure Fund 8,783 Fund for Economical Structure Reinforcement 2,314 Savings Fundfor the General Seniority Law 0 Animal Health Fund 55 VAT Compensation Fund 2,789 Wadden Sea Fund 6 BES fund
40 145 122 59 437 11,015 11,438 5,276 33,964 58,203 9,700 8,157
11,209
5,944 30,767 19,145
18,576 1,268 8,372
16 2,788 15 25
Low interest rates camouflage great debt The low interest rate on the government bonds has been positive for the Dutch government for several years because the much increased debt did not increase government spending on interest. The ratio between total spending on interest and total debt fell from the nearly 5percent in2007 to 2.9percent in2012. This ratio reflects the average interest rate at which the government borrowed. The current market interest rate is even lower, so that an increasing debt does not have to lead to greater expenditure in the short term. However, if interest rates go up, spending would increase substantially in the long term. If the interest rate went up by 1percent point and the debt remained the same, it would mean having to spend an extra 4billion euros.
9.7
Total
Local government taxes (million euros) 2010 11,515 1,771 493 1,144 427 691 2,961 1,415 566 1,303 744 7,812 1,441 2,262 2012 12,215 1,769 467 1,213 476 737 3,233 1,456 617 1,415 833 8,303 1,486 2,426 2013* 12,536 1,766 436 1,230 500 774 3,408 1,451 645 1,463 864 8,552 1,480 2,504
Refuse collection rate Duties on building permits Levies on water pollution Water tax for households Community charge Property tax Surcharge on motor vehicle tax Parking fees Sewerage charges Other Municipalities Provinces Water boards
9.8
Expenditure of provinces (million euros) 2010 2012 9,051 278 626 514 20 751 316 2,227 136 1,733 2,451 2013* 8,121 316 672 485 14 829 285 2,263 125 1,735 1,398
Total expenditure General administration Economic and agricultural aairs Environmental control Public order and security Recreation and nature Environmental planning, public housing Trac and transport Water management Welfare Financing and general revenue
8,386 316 685 543 19 798 337 2,121 233 1,824 1,510
Local government tax yield an extra 2.6percent In2013 local governments expect to receive 12.5billion euros from taxes. This is a 2.6percent increase on 2012. Municipalities budgeted 8.5billion euros in tax income, 2.9percent more than in2012. Despite the drop in house prices, they count on a greater yield from real estate tax (OZB) on homes and commercial property. The increase will be due to higher rates and area extensions. Provinces expect 0.4percent less income from the surcharge on motor vehicle tax. This decrease is mainly due to the growing popularity of energy efficient, greener cars which are exempt from motor vehicle tax. The water boards estimate a 3.2percent increase in the yield of waterrelated taxes on 2012. The sharpest rates increase is in the water system tax, intended to construct and maintain dikes, waterways and water courses.
9.9
Expenditure of municipalities (million euros) 2010 2012 52,269 3,089 5,067 1,001 2,945 1,759 8,058 16,053 4,633 5,359 4,305 2013* 52,141 3,061 4,979 1,001 2,980 1,768 7,339 16,037 4,825 5,422 4,728
Total expenditure General administration Culture and recreation Economic aairs Education Public order and secuity Environmental planning, public housing Social provisions and social services Trac, transport, public works Public health and environment Financing and general revenue
54,187 3,201 5,035 867 3,147 1,691 9,278 16,578 4,391 5,258 4,742
10
Health and welfare
10. Health and welfare

Cancer deaths among children mainly from brain tumours or leukaemia In the period 20022011, 1,440 children under 20 died each year on average. Between0 and 1year-olds mainly die from perinatal problems and birth defects. The main cause of death in children aged between2and 13 is cancer. Two in three die from a brain tumour or leukaemia. Children over 14 mainly die from traffic accidents. Annually there are on average 38suicides among 15 to 20year olds. There are far fewer suicides among younger teenagers, on average 7 a year. Health care costs higher for people on low incomes or with a nonwestern background In2010 insurers paid out an average of 2,098euro per person for health care that comes under basic health care insurance. The costs are higher for women than for men, but only because they have higher costs during their fertile age for assistance with deliveries, maternity care, hospital care and medication. Health insurance companies pay least for people living in the highest income bracket in most types of care hospital care, GP care, mental health care. These households do have the highest costs for assistance with deliveries and maternity care, however. When differences in age structure are taken into account, the health costs for people with a nonwestern background are higher than for native Dutch people. The difference is most striking in mental health care. People generally satisfied with their GP In 2011 over 96 percent of the Dutch population rated their general practitioner with a 6 out of10 or higher. The average rating was7.7. Older people are more positive in their opinion than people aged between 20 and 30. Healthy patients are more positive about their GP than people who perceive their health as less than good. In the latter group, 93percent of the men rated their GP at 6or higher versus 98percent of the men who consider their health as very good. The difference was slightly smaller in the ratings of women. People also tend to be satisfied about other care providersspecialists, dentists and physiotherapists. Their average rating varied between 7.5and7.9.
10.1
Health and functional limitations (%) 2005 2010 2011
Self-perceived health 1) very good good fairly good (very) bad Mental health 2) In the last four weeks very nervous unhappy agitated down depressed Functional limitations 2) Serious problems: movement hearing seeing
1) 2)
25.5 54.4 16.2 3.9
26.8 54.1 15.4 3.7
25.4 54.7 16.0 4.0
5.2 16.9 17.1 5.6
5.1 18.1 16.4 5.3 3.1
5.9 17.5 17.2 5.0 3.8
8.1 3.0 5.0
7.5 2.9 5.9
6.8 3.0 6.2
0 years and older. 12 years and older.
10.2
Chronic conditions (%) 2005 2010 5.3 8.6 7.9 0.3 3.2 3.4 5.0 4.2 13.0 2.0 0.3 15.1 5.3 1.6 14.0 2.5 8.7 4.2 1.8 10.6 2011 5.6 8.6 7.7 0.4 3.5 3.6 5.1 4.3 13.7 1.7 0.3 16.0 5.8 1.3 13.8 2.2 8.8 4.7 2.0 10.7
Pain in elbow/wrist Pain in neck/shoulder Asthma/chronic lung diseases Stroke Bowel disorder Dizziness Eczema Arthritis Wear of joints Heart disease Heart attack High blood pressure Incontinence Cancer Migraine Psoriasis Back pain Diabetes Arteriosclerosis Other chronic disorder
5.5 9.2 8.2 0.3 2.7 2.6 4.7 4.0 9.7 1.4 0.3 11.1 3.7 1.4 12.6 1.8 9.2 3.4 1.7 7.5
10.3
Smoking and alcohol, 12 yrs and older 2005 2010 25.6 4.9 10.5 22.3 9.4 1.2 2011 25.6 5.1 10.2 22.4 9.4 1.3
Smokers (%) Heavy smokers (%) Smokers (cigarettes/day) Never drinks alcohol (%) Heavy drinkers (%) Drinkers (units/day)
29.5 7.7 11.7 18.6 10.8 1.4
10.4
Overweight and underweight people (%) 2005 2010 2011
Men 20 yrs and older Underweight Normal weight Overweight of which moderately overweight seriously overweight Women 20 yrs and older Underweight Normal weight Overweight of which moderately overweight seriously overweight Boys 2 to 20 yrs Overweight of which moderately overweight seriously overweight Girls 2 to 20 yrs Overweight of which moderately overweight seriously overweight
0.9 48.8 50.4 40.5 9.9
1.2 45.2 53.6 43.4 10.2
0.6 45.9 53.5 43.3 10.2
2.6 57.8 39.6 28.1 11.4
2.0 55.1 42.9 30.3 12.6
2.3 54.8 43.0 30.3 12.6
12.0 10.8 1.2
14.2 11.0 3.2
12.8 10.1 2.7
13.9 10.6 3.2
12.9 10.0 2.9
12.8 10.1 2.7
10.5
Birth venue, breastfed babies, length and weight at birth 20082010 20092011
Birth venue (%) at home hospital Breastfed babies (%) at birth At birth weight, average (gram) length, average (cm)
23 75
22 76
74
75
3,436 50.3
3,420 50.3
10.6
Use of contraceptive pill and preventive health check ups (%) 2005 2010 2011
Women 16 to 49 yrs Using contraceptive pill Women 20 yrs and older Cervical smear test in last 5 years Women 30 yrs and older Mammogram in last 2 years Men 40 yrs and older PSA test in last 5 yrs
40
39
38
60
58
57
46
48
48
19
24
25
10.7
(Healthy) life expectancy at birth (years) 2005 2010 2011
Men Life expectancy of which in perceived good health without physical limitations without chronic illness in good mental health Women Life expectancy of which in perceived good health without physical limitations without chronic illness in good mental health
77.2 62.5 70.2 46.6 72.3
78.8 63.9 70.2 47.2 72.4
79.2 63.7 71.1 46.1 72.6
81.6 61.8 67.8 41.9 72.0
82.7 63.0 69.7 40.6 72.7
82.8 63.3 70.0 40.9 73.4
10.8
Medical consumption 2011 Total Men Women
Contacts with general practitioner Average number of contacts People contacting GP (%) Type of contact with GP (%) at the surgery GP visits patient by telephone other Contacts with specialist Average number of contacts People contacting specialist (%) Place of contact (%) hospital (incl.out-patients) other Contacts with dentist Average number of contacts People contacting dentist (%) Reason for contact (%) pain check-up treatment as a result of check-up Contacts with physiotherapist* Average number of contacts People contacting physiotherapist (%) Contacts with alternative healer People contacting alternative healer (%)
4.3 72.0 77.1 3.7 14.1 5.1
3.6 67.2 79.7 2.3 11.2 6.9
5.1 76.8 75.1 4.8 16.3 3.7
2.2 39.0 81.5 18.5
2.0 35.5 82.2 17.9
2.5 42.5 80.9 19.0
2.3 78.2 6.1 62.9 31.1
2.3 76.7 6.5 62.8 30.7
2.4 79.7 5.7 63.0 31.4
3.9 22.8
2.9 19.2
4.9 26.4
6.3
4.3
8.3
Use of medication in previous 2 weeks On prescription (%) 38.0 Over-the-counter drugs (%) 35.7
34.7 29.2
41.1 42.2
10.9
Hospital patients, men (per 10,000 inhabitants) 2005 2009 1,189,7 43.4 71.6 9.5 9.4 8.6 108.9 113.0 182.6 18.8 25.6 155.5 145.3 67.5 2010* 1,222.2 44.8 73.1 9.2 9.6 9.1 112.4 112.7 187.0 18.8 26.9 158.6 153.2 69.9
Total diagnoses of which perinatal conditions cancer of which skin trachea, bronchi and lungs prostate accidents diseases of respiratory system cardiovascular system of which acute heart infarct cerebrovascular disorders musculoskeletal system and connective tissue digestive system genio-urinary system
1,041.8 40.1 60.9 6.5 8.4 7.7 91.5 106.7 161.0 17.3 22.9 136.7 124.6 60.5
Source: Dutch Hospital Data, Statistics Netherlands.
10.10 Hospital patients, women (per 10,000 inhabitants)

2005 Total diagnoses of which perinatal conditions cancer of which breast skin trachea, bronchi and lungs accidents diseases of respiratory system cardiovascular system of which acute heart infarct cerebrovascular disorders musculoskeletal system and connective tissue digestive system genio-urinary system 1,281.6 33.9 61.6 16.6 6.1 4.5 91.9 89.4 132.4 8.5 21.9 161.1 110.3 104.1 2009 1,454.7 37.0 72.6 19.1 8.9 5.6 108.9 95.9 148.6 8.9 24.6 189.9 136.6 109.7 2010 1,506.6 39.3 74.5 18.7 9.1 6.2 116.0 97.5 153.7 9.1 25.9 196.9 149.8 112.9
Source: Dutch Hospital Data, Statistics Netherlands.
10.11 People using medication for migraine, 2011

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 %
0 to 15 Men
15 to 25
25 to 35
35 to 45
45 to 55
55 to 65
65 to 75
75 or older
Age in years Women
10.12 Deaths from cancer and cardiovascular disease

800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1970 per 100,000 inhabitants, standardised for the population of 2011
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2012*
Cancer, men Cardiovascular disease, men
Cancer, women Cardiovascular disease, women
10.13 Male deaths by cause (x 1,000)

2010 Total Cancer of which trachea, bronchi and lungs prostate Mental disorders Diseases of the respiratory system cardiovascular system of which acute heart infarct cerebrovascular disorders digestive system Non-natural causes of death of which road trac accidents suicide Other causes of death 66.0 23.1 6.5 2.6 2.3 6.7 18.3 3.8 3.5 2.4 3.2 0.4 1.1 10.0 2011 65.3 23.0 6.6 2.5 2.2 6.7 17.9 3.7 3.3 2.3 3.2 0.5 1.1 10.0 2012* 67.9 23.5 6.3 2.6 2.5 7.4 18.0 3.5 3.3 2.3 3.4 0.5 1.2 10.8
10.14 Female deaths by cause (x 1,000)

2010 Total Cancer of which breast trachea, bronchi and lungs Mental disorders Diseases of respiratory system cardiovascular system of which acute heart infarct cerebrovascular disorders digestive system Non-natural causes of death of which road trac accidents suicide Other causes of death 70.1 19.2 3.2 3.7 5.4 6.4 20.7 3.0 5.4 2.9 2.5 0.2 0.5 13.0 2011 70.5 19.9 3.3 4.0 5.4 6.6 20.3 2.8 5.1 2.8 2.6 0.2 0.5 12.9 2012* 72.9 19.8 3.2 4.0 6.0 7.1 20.3 2.7 5.2 2.9 2.9 0.2 0.6 13.8
10.15 Care expenditure; index figures (1998=100)

2005 Health care Welfare Per capita Adjusted for inflation 166 168 160 131 2010** 216 218 203 159 2011** 221 225 208 165
10.16 Care expenditure by actors

2005 Total (billion euros) policy and management mental health care care for the disabled medicines and aids care for the elderly medical/paramedical practices hospital/specialist practices other Spending euros per capita % of GDP 67.6 2.8 4.1 6.0 7.9 12.9 5.2 16.6 12.1 2010** 87.3 3.0 5.4 8.1 9.1 15.8 6.9 22.7 16.3 2011** 89.7 3.2 5.7 8.3 9.3 16.4 7.4 22.8 16.7
4,143 13.2
5,253 14.8
5,375 14.9
Nursing professionals working in health care
1999
2010*
= 10,000 people
10.17 Finances and personnel in care institutions

2010 Hospitals Revenues (million euros) Costs (million euros) Capital (million euros) Employees (jobs) Employees (FTE) Mental health care Revenues (million euros) Costs (million euros) Capital (million euros) Employees (jobs) Employees (FTE) Care for the disabled Revenues (million euros) Costs (million euros) Capital (million euros) Employees (jobs) Employees (FTE) Care for the elderly and home care Revenues (million euros) Costs (million euros) Capital (million euros) Employees (jobs) Employees (FTE) 2011*
21.6 20.9 3.3 283.2 201.3
21.8 21.0 3.8 287.3 204.5
5.3 5.1 0.9 83.7 63.0
5.6 5.4 1.0 84.4 63.5
7.2 6.9 1.4 163.8 101.0
7.6 7.3 1.6 166.4 103.3
15.3 14.8 3.0 421.5 220.1
15.7 15.2 3.3 429.6 224.3
10.18 Cost covered by basic health insurance, 2010* (euros/person)

Total By type of care Total care by GP hospital care by pharmacies mental health care other types of care By income 10% lowest incomes 10% highest incomes Hospital care 10% lowest incomes 10% highest incomes Mental health care 10% lowest incomes 10% highest incomes By background, up to 65 yrs total population native Dutch non-western Hospital care total population native Dutch non-western Mental health care total population native Dutch non-western Standardised for age and sex. Source: Statistics Netherlands, Vektis. Men Women
2,098 131 1,121 315 249 282
1,976 120 1,071 288 257 238
2,217 142 1,169 340 242 324
2,526 1,716 1,163 976 577 124
2,531 1,571 1,141 910 669 118
2,522 1,858 1,184 1,041 487 130
1,636 1,612 1,890 812 804 925 265 255 318
1,503 1,464 1,822 735 724 851 277 261 383
1,772 1,762 1,959 890 885 1,000 251 249 252
11
Income and spending
11. Income and spending

Purchasing power erodes further in2011 In 2011 the Dutch population lost 0.3 percent of its purchasing power. This followed a 0.5percent loss of purchasing power in2010. Except for employees, whose purchasing power increased by 0.6 percent, every other group had to face some loss in2011. Pensioners were hardest hit, in2010 as well as in2011 when their purchasing power was eroded by 1.1percent. In recent years many pensions were either not at all or barely corrected for inflation. The purchasing power of the self-employed shrank again by 0.6 percent. People receiving income support, whose purchasing power increased by 0.5percent in2010, were cut 1.0percent in 2011. Employees who lost their jobs and became dependent on unemployment benefits faced a loss in purchasing power of nearly 20percent. Much higher risk of poverty There was a hefty increase in the share of households living on an income below the low income threshold in2011. While 7.4percent of the households lived on a low income in2010, this went up to 8.7percent in2011, which means over 600thousand households. This is 90thousand more than in2010. The number of children growing up in families at risk of poverty increased by over 55thousand to just over 370thousand. The increase applied mostly to children under12. Children run an above average risk of poverty, mainly because single parent families are greatly overrepresented in the lower incomes. The risk is not only fairly high for children from single parent families but also for children with a non-western background. Mortgage tax relief averages 290euros a month Nearly half of the 7.3 million households financed their home with a mortgage in 2011. They paid 33 billion euros in mortgage costs and received over 14 billion euros back from the government in tax deductions on their mortgage interest. This averages 290euros a month per household. More higher than lower income households have a mortgage, and their debts tend to be higher as well. In2011, 17percent of the households in the lowest income group benefitted from the tax deductions for homeowners. This was a good 92percent for households in the highest income group. The tax deductions varied from 130 euros a month for households in the lowest income brackets to over 520 euros for the highest incomes. So in 2011 nearly half of the tax benefits from the mortgage interest relief went to the top 20percent incomes.
11.1
Total
Average disposable household income (1,000 euros) 2005 29.4 17.2 17.9 16.6 35.9 36.9 33.1 37.4 48.3 24.4 19.6 30.7 40.3 2010 33.2 19.1 20.0 18.2 41.1 42.4 37.2 44.8 54.1 27.9 23.1 33.6 47.7 2011* 33.5 19.2 20.0 18.5 41.5 43.0 37.9 45.2 54.8 28.0 23.0 33.9 46.7
One-person household single man single woman Multi-person household couple without children only children under 18 at least one adult child single-parent family only children under 18 at least one adult child other
11.2
Disposable household income 2011* (x 1,000) Total Oneperson households 2,674 343 1,372 679 179 55 46 Multiperson households 4,737 85 341 1,124 1,172 847 1,168
Total Less than 10,000 euros 10,000 to 20,000 euros 20,000 to 30,000 euros 30,000 to 40,000 euros 40,000 to 50,000 euros 50,000 euros and more
7,412 428 1,713 1,803 1,351 903 1,214
11.3
Total
Average personal income (1,000 euros) 2005 24.7 29.9 29.5 34.4 10.6 16.2 13.7 17.7 19.3 7.1 2010 28.4 34.5 34.7 36.1 13.4 18.4 15.7 20.6 21.9 8.0 2011* 28.7 34.9 35.3 34.6 13.4 18.6 15.7 21.1 22.3 8.0
Employed employee self-employed other employment (freelance etc.) Not employed unemployment benefits/income support incapacitated pensioner other (e.g. students)
11.4
Standardised income per municipality, 2010
Deviation from the Netherlands Under 2,000 euros 2,000 to 2,000 euros 2,000 to 5,000 euros 5,000 euros or more
11.5
Total
Purchasing power changes by main source of income (%) 2005 0.3 2010 0.5 2011* 0.3
Source of household income Income from labour Income from own enterprise Income from transfers
0.1 1.1 0.8
0.3 1.9 0.6
0.4 1.1 1.0
of which: source of income unchanged income from labour 0.1 income from own enterprise 2.9 income from transfers 0.9
0.2 0.7 0.8
0.6 0.6 1.1
11.6
Total
Low income households (x 1,000) 2005 652 2010 514 2011* 604
Country of origin Netherlands Other western country Non-western country Suriname Netherlands Antilles/Aruba Turkey Morocco other non-western
433 74 145 27 13 30 27 48
318 64 132 20 10 25 25 51
371 77 156 22 12 32 30 60
11.7
500
Children at risk of being poor
x 1,000
14
400
12
300
10
200
100
'01
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'07
'08
'09
'10
'11
Number (left axis)
Share (right axis)
11.8
Financial problems of households (%) 2005 2010 2011
Getting by on income Dicult or very dicult Not dicult but not easy Easy or very easy Arrears Rent or mortgage Gas, water or electricity Goods bought on credit
17 32 51
13 26 60
14 25 62
5 4 1
4 3 1
4 3 1
11.9
Perceived financial position of households (%) 2010 2011 2012
Last 12 months Improved Unchanged Deteriorated Don't know Next 12 months Improved Unchanged Deteriorated Don't know Currently Getting into debt Having to use savings Making ends meet Having some money left Having much money left Don't know
12 62 25 1
12 58 29 1
10 56 33 1
14 64 18 4
13 62 21 4
10 56 30 4
2 4 44 37 11 2
2 4 46 36 10 2
2 5 45 35 10 2
11.10 Economic independence (%)

2005 Men 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs 69 23 82 87 83 58 42 17 63 53 49 23 2010 68 21 81 86 84 62 48 16 68 61 58 32 2011* 67 20 79 85 83 63 48 15 67 62 57 34
11.11 Taxes and tax deduction for home owners by income group, 2011*
Total households with tax deductions 1st 10% group (low income) 2nd 10% group 3nd 10% group 4nd 10% group 5th 10% group 6th 10% group 7th 10% group 8th 10% group 9th 10% group 10th 10% group (high income) 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 Income tax and social security premiums after deductions Tax deduction for own home 4,000 5,000 1,000 euros
11.12 Median household wealth, 1 January (1,000 euros)

2009 Capital Assets financial bank balance/savings shares real estate own home other real estate movables business capital Debts mortgage debt on home other debts 42 190 17 15 12 261 254 167 28 11 152 150 31 2010 33 179 16 14 13 244 237 172 30 9 157 156 37 2011 30 176 16 13 14 240 232 172 39 9 161 160 38
11.13 Household spending, 2010** (%)

Total 1st 2nd 3rd quartile quartile quartile (low income) 100 100 100 4th quartile (high income) 100
Total spending (%) Food Dwelling Clothing and shoes Hygiene and medical care Education, recreation and transport Other spending Total spending (euros)
100
15.8 15.1 15.7 16.0 15.9 34.8 41.5 38.8 34.5 30.2 5.8 4.7 4.8 5.7 6.8 7.9 7.2 7.3 7.8 8.6 32.7 28.5 30.0 32.8 35.6 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.1 3.0 31,497 19,825 24,694 33,288 48,203
Households receiving care allowance by income group, 2011* (per 100 households)
1st quartile (low income) 2nd quartile 3rd quartile 4th quartile (high income)
= 10
12
Inter national trade
12. International trade

Slight volume increase in the trade of goods The volume of imports and exports increased slightly in 2012 in comparison with the year before. Dutch imports rose by 4 percent, exports by 3percent. In2012 import prices were up 3percent on2011 and export prices 2percent, while the value increases of imports and exports were 7 and 6 percent respectively. Trade with countries outside the European Union outperformed trade with the other EU countries for the third year in a row. The trade surplus fell by 2billion to 42billion euros in2012. Germany continues to be the main trading partner, with a 24 percent share in total Dutch exports. Dutch exports to Germany rose by 5percent to 105billion euros in2012. Modest growth in the export of services In 2012 Dutch exports of services were up 2 percent on 2011 reaching nearly 102billion euros. The imports of services rose by 5percent to over 92billion euros. This made the surplus on the services trade balance fall to 9.6billion euros. In2011 it had been 12billion euro: while the exports of services then rose by 11 and the imports of services by 9 percent. In 2012 transport services and travel produced the rise on the export side. The growth of other business services played a key role beside these in the imports. Dutch imports and exports rose in the trade within the EU as well as in trade with the rest of the world.
12.1
Imports and exports of goods (billion euros) 2010 2011 365 194 171 409 303 106 44 109 65 2012* 390 202 188 431 314 118 42 112 71
Imports European Union other countries Exports European Union other countries Trade balance European Union other countries
332 177 155 372 276 96 40 99 59
Dutch goods exports to Russia 2012*
2000 2012*
= 1 billion euros
12.2
Total
Exports of goods (billion euros) 2010 372 45 6 19 51 3 71 33 106 37 2011 409 48 7 21 68 4 73 37 112 40 2012* 431 50 7 21 83 4 77 36 111 42
Food and live animals Beverages and tobacco Inedible raw materials except fuel Mineral fuels Animal and vegetable oils and fats Chemical products Manufactured goods Machines and transport equipment Miscellaneous articles n.e.c.
12.3
Total
Exports by country or group of countries (billion euros) 2010 372 298 276 41 90 32 19 30 23 6 11 26 17 32 5 3 5 2011 409 328 303 49 99 36 20 32 26 6 13 30 20 34 7 3 4 2012* 431 341 314 51 105 37 20 35 27 7 15 32 20 41 8 4 5
Europe European Union of which Belgium Germany France Italy United Kingdom Rest of Europe of which Russian Federation Africa America of which United States Asia of which China Japan Australia, Oceania and others
12.4
Total
Imports of goods (billion euros) 2010 332 28 3 13 60 3 51 34 100 39 2011 365 32 4 16 80 4 47 38 103 41 2012* 390 34 4 15 99 5 51 36 105 41
Food and live animals Beverages and tobacco Inedible raw materials except fuel Mineral fuels Animal and vegetable oils and fats Chemical products Manufactured goods Machines and transport equipment Miscellaneous articles n.e.c.
12.5
Total
Imports by country and group of countries (billion euros) 2010 332 205 177 32 59 14 7 22 28 14 11 40 25 74 31 9 1 2011 365 229 194 36 61 17 8 25 35 17 13 42 24 80 31 10 2 2012* 390 242 202 38 62 17 8 28 40 20 16 45 27 84 32 10 2
Europe European Union of which Belgium Germany France Italy United Kingdom Rest of Europe of which Russian Federation Africa America of which United States Asia of which China Japan Australia, Oceania and others
12.6
Imports and exports by continent, 2012*
Imports Total: 390 billion euros

0% 22% 3%
Exports Total: 431 billion euros

9% 7% 1%
12% 4% 62% 80%
Europe Africa America Asia Australia/Oceania
12.7
Trade balance, major trading partners, 2012*
China United States United Kingdom Italy France Germany Total 30 20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 billion euros
12.8
50
Trade surplus, totals and major product groups
billion euros
40
30
20
10
2005 Total
2009
2010
2011
2012*
Chemical products
Food and live animals
12.9
Imports and exports of services (million euros) 2010 2011 87,500 43,474 44,025 99,456 58,324 41,132 11,956 14,850 2,893 2012 92,164 44,833 47,331 101,794 58,783 43,011 9,630 13,950 4,320
Imports European Union Other countries Exports European Union Other countries Trade balance European Union Other countries
80,219 40,596 39,623 89,099 53,702 35,396 8,880 13,106 4,227
12.10 Imports and exports of services by type (million euros)

2010 Imports Transport services Travel Communication services Construction services Insurance services Financial services Computer and information services Royalties and copyrights Other business services Personal, cultural and recreational services Government services Exports Transport services Travel Communication services Construction services Insurance services Financial services Computer and information services Royalties and copyrights Other business services Personal, cultural and recreational services Government services 80,219 14,218 14,807 3,085 1,519 805 1,192 4,025 15,129 24,355 529 554 89,099 19,309 9,718 3,723 2,102 472 1,059 4,758 18,569 27,014 528 1,847 2011 87,500 15,492 14,748 3,418 1,566 855 1,260 3,791 15,608 29,671 560 532 99,456 21,496 10,308 4,269 1,949 513 1,128 4,530 22,192 30,612 569 1,891 2012 * 92,164 16,665 15,705 3,376 1,918 893 1,353 4,188 16,150 30,677 685 553 101,794 23,254 10,809 4,114 2,176 532 1,176 4,773 22,545 29,970 594 1,851
13
Labour and social security
13. Labour and social security

Labour market depressed The effects of the economic downturn were manifest on the labour market in2012. The number of jobs was down, unemployment was up and the number of vacancies diminished. The collective wage increases were greater than in2011, but again did not keep up with inflation. Fewer jobs of employees There were 59thousand fewer jobs of employees in2012 than in2011. This means there was the same number of jobs as in2007. Almost all sectors faced cuts, employment declined especially in business services and construction. Over half a million unemployed in2012 In 2012, 507 thousand people were unemployed on average. Unemployment rose from 5.4 percent of the labour force in 2011 to 6.4percent in2012. Unemployment grew fastest among young people. The average number of unfilled vacancies in2012 stood at 122thousand, 11thousand fewer than in2011. More income support benefits On 31December2012, 325thousand income support benefits were paid to people aged up to 65. This is 9thousand more than the year before. The increase goes entirely to people aged over27. Collective wage increase below inflation In 2012 collective wages rose by 1.6 percent. This is more than in 2011, when there was a 1.1percent increase. The Dutch inflation rate reached 2.5percent in2012 and has been higher than the collective wage increase for two and a half years. There are hardly any differences between the sectors in terms of collective wage increases. Retirement age rising even more The average age at which people retire reached 63.6years in2012. This is six months more than in 2011. Over 40 percent of the employers was 65 or older when they retired. In the period 20002006, the average retirement age was61. Retirement age has steadily increased ever since because of changes in the legislation and new rules.
13.1
Employment, 2012* (1,000 persons) Total Employees 7,428 98 852 350 1,926 230 249 63 1,193 2,234 232 Self-employed 1,259 128 51 116 248 32 7 8 169 97 403
Total employed persons Agriculture, forestry and fishing Manufacturing and energy Construction Trade, transport, hotels and restaurants Information and communication Financial institutions Renting, buying, selling real estate Business services Government and care Culture, recreation, other services
8,686 226 904 466 2,174 262 256 70 1,362 2,331 635
13.2
Total
Jobs of employees (x 1,000) 2010* 7,861 108 882 379 1,984 237 269 69 1,282 542 510 1,324 276 4,217 3,644 2011* 7,904 107 876 371 2,017 240 264 68 1,297 530 507 1,357 272 4,227 3,677 2012* 7,845 105 865 355 2,024 241 256 66 1,284 517 500 1,367 266 4,171 3,675
Agriculture, forestry and fishing Manufacturing and energy Construction Trade, transport, hotels and restaurants Information and communication Financial services Renting, buying, selling real estate Business services Public administration and services Education Health and social work activities Culture, recreation, other services Men Women
13.3
Total
Jobs of employees, 2012* (x 1,000) Total 7,845 105 865 355 2,024 241 256 66 1,284 517 500 1,367 266 Men 4,171 70 669 317 1,169 174 141 35 728 322 200 231 114 Women 3,675 35 196 38 855 68 115 31 555 195 300 1,136 152
Agriculture, forestry and fishing Manufacturing and energy Construction Trade, transport, hotels and restaurants Information and communication Financial services Renting, buying, selling real estate Business services Public administration and services Education Health and social work activities Culture, recreation, other services
13.4
Vacancies (x 1,000) 2010 2011 2012
Job vacancies Total Agriculture, forestry and fishery Manufacturing and energy Construction Hotels, restaurants Wholesale and retail trade Transport and storage Information and communication Financial services Business services Public administration and services Education Health and social work activities Culture, recreation, other services Company size 1 to 10 employees 10 to 100 employees 100 and more employees New and filled job vacancies New vacancies Filled vacancies
121.6 1.2 11.5 5.7 3.7 22.9 3.7 7.4 5.8 19.8 6.8 3.8 19.0 5.1
132.5 1.3 15.4 6.0 8.7 25.1 4.3 8.9 7.9 21.9 4.7 3.4 18.7 5.2
111.5 1.2 11.6 4.5 7.6 20.0 3.4 7.7 7.2 19.5 4.4 3.1 16.2 4.4
26.1 30.0 65.5
28.4 32.7 71.5
23.5 26.0 62.0
743 737
766 774
658 679
13.5
Vacancy rate by sector of industry, 31 December
Agriculture, forestry and fishery Education Transport and storage Public administration and services Construction Culture, recreation, other services Health care, welfare Manufacturing Wholesale and retail trade Business services Hotels and restaurants Financial services Total 0 2011 2012
10
15
20
25
30
35
vacancies per 1,000 jobs
13.6
Labour force position of the population 2012
Men 55 to 65 yrs
Women
45 to 55 yrs
35 to 45 yrs
25 to 35 yrs
15 to 25 yrs 0 500 x 1,000 Unemployed labour force 1,000 1,500 Employed labour force 0 500 1,000 1,500 x 1,000
Not in labour force
13.7
Jobs of employees, 2011*
Less than 0.5% 0.5 to 0.5% 0.5 to 1.0% 1.0% or more
Employed labour force, 2012
Employees Self-employed
= 1 million
13.8
Labour force, 15 to 65 yrs (x 1,000) 2010 2011 7,811 4,319 3,492 847 1,727 2,024 2,052 1,162 7,392 4,095 3,297 764 1,631 1,936 1,957 1,104 419 224 195 83 96 88 94 58 2012 7,894 4,343 3,551 861 1,751 1,985 2,077 1,220 7,387 4,069 3,318 753 1,638 1,878 1,968 1,149 507 274 233 108 113 106 108 71
Labour force men women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs
7,817 4,337 3,480 856 1,738 2,094 2,024 1,104 7,391 4,119 3,272 756 1,650 2,000 1,934 1,050 426 218 208 100 87 93 91 54
Employed labour force men women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs
Unemployed labour force men women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs
Net labour participation, 2012
73.7%
60.6%
Men
Women
13.9
Total Men Women
Net labour participation (% of the population) 2010 67.1 74.4 59.7 37.7 83.5 82.6 78.7 48.7 69.4 64.7 52.8 52.1 48.4 60.2 57.2 50.2 2011 67.2 74.2 60.2 38.0 82.4 82.0 79.0 51.0 69.6 64.9 53.5 54.4 50.3 61.7 51.7 50.4 2012 67.2 73.7 60.6 37.2 81.6 81.2 78.8 53.4 69.6 65.6 53.1 52.4 45.8 61.3 56.8 51.7
15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs Native Dutch population Western foreign background Non-western background Turkish Moroccan Surinamese Antillean/Aruban other non-western
13.10 Net labour participation, 2012

100 %
80
60
40
20
15 to 20
20 to 25
25 to 30
30 to 35 Men
35 to 40
40 to 45
45 to 50 Total
50 to 55
55 to 60
60 to 65
ages in years Women
13.11 Unemployment (% of the labour force)

2010 Total Men Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs Native Dutch population Western foreign background Non-western background Turkish Moroccan Surinamese Antillean/Aruban other non-western Primary education Junior secondary education Senior secondary education Bachelor Master, PhD 5.4 5.0 6.0 11.7 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.5 6.5 12.6 11.3 14.6 10.4 12.5 13.8 11.0 8.0 5.1 3.6 3.8 2011 5.4 5.2 5.6 9.8 5.5 4.4 4.6 5.0 4.2 7.1 13.1 11.2 13.0 10.3 17.4 15.1 10.0 7.2 5.2 3.7 4.0 2012* 6.4 6.3 6.6 12.6 6.5 5.4 5.2 5.8 5.0 8.2 15.5 14.5 19.6 14.2 16.3 14.9 12.0 9.1 6.3 4.4 4.3
13.12 Unemployment by province, 2012

Less than 5% 5 to 6% 6 to 7% 7% or more
13.13 Employed labour force (x 1,000)

2010 Total Native Dutch background Western foreign background Non-western background Turkish Moroccan Surinamese Antillean/Aruban other non-western Primary education Junior secondary education Senior secondary education Bachelor Master, PhD Occupational level Elementary Lower Intermediate Higher Academic Employees permanent employment flexible employment Self-employed 12 to 20 hrs a week 20 to 35 hrs a week 35 hrs and more a week Regular working hours Irregular working hours evenings nights Saturdays Sundays 7,391 6,042 675 661 136 104 150 55 216 337 1,277 3,147 1,638 923 2011 7,392 6,012 682 689 145 111 156 51 227 361 1,309 3,130 1,639 885 2012 7,387 5,979 699 700 143 103 156 57 242 336 1,253 3,136 1,664 923
515 1,666 2,732 1,652 719 6,341 5,237 1,104 1,049 713 2,281 4,397 2,882 4,504 3,654 1,218 3,445 2,424
509 1,673 2,720 1,673 709 6,315 5,195 1,120 1,077 710 2,313 4,369 2,699 4,688 3,802 1,194 3,606 2,515 6,292 5,115 1,177 1,095 698 2,364 4,325 2,708 4,673 3,761 1,180 3,621 2,543
13.14 Hourly wages earned by employees (euros)

2010 All employees of which full-time employees Agriculture, forestry and fishery Mineral extraction Manufacturing Energy and water companies Construction Wholesale and retail trade Hotels, restaurants Transport and storage Information and communication Financial institutions Business services Public administration and services Education Health care and social work activities Culture, recreation, other services 15 to 20 yrs 20 to 25 yrs 25 to 30 yrs 30 to 35 yrs 35 to 40 yrs 40 to 45 yrs 45 to 50 yrs 50 to 55 yrs 55 to 60 yrs 60 to 65 yrs 65 to 75 yrs 20.41 21.69 14.61 35.31 20.23 27.35 21.33 17.43 12.71 19.02 24.90 28.05 18.63 23.00 24.01 20.16 19.06 6.08 11.59 15.97 19.26 21.81 23.08 23.63 24.09 24.40 24.19 19.32 2011* 20.62 22.03 14.93 39.98 20.58 28.33 21.42 17.64 12.68 19.26 25.37 28.76 18.89 23.11 24.30 20.26 19.08 6.08 11.55 15.97 19.35 22.03 23.39 23.90 24.33 24.57 24.47 20.45
13.15 Average annual wages earned per job (1,000 euros)

2010 All employees of whom full-time employees Agriculture, forestry and fishery Mineral extraction Manufacturing Energy and water companies Construction Wholesale and retail trade Hotels, restaurants Transport and storage Information and communication Financial services Business services Public administration and services Education Health care and social work activities Culture, recreation, other services 31.0 44.7 19.7 77.3 37.7 54.0 38.8 24.8 12.5 33.2 46.8 53.4 25.6 41.6 34.2 24.8 21.7 2011 31.3 45.7 20.4 86.5 38.6 55.9 39.3 25.0 12.5 33.7 47.7 55.6 25.9 41.6 34.3 25.1 21.7
13.16 Collectively agreed wages of employees (year-on-year % changes)

2010 Gross hourly wage (incl.special payments) Private sector Subsidised sector Government Agriculture, forestry and fishery Mineral extraction Manufacturing Energy and water companies Construction Wholesale and retail trade Hotels, restaurants Transport, information and communication Financial services Business services Public administration and services Education Health care and welfare Culture, recreation, other services 2011 2012
1.3 1.0 2.0 1.6 0.8 . 1.3 0.9 1.3 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 2.0 0.9 2.3 1.1
1.1 1.3 1.4 0.1 1.5 . 1.2 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.9 0.9 1.4 0.0 0.1 1.6 1.3
1.6 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 . 1.8 1.4 1.8 1.7 0.9 1.5 1.4 1.6 1.5 . 1.7 1.4
13.17 Contractual wage costs per hour (year-on-year % changes)

2010 Total Private sector Subsidised sector Government Agriculture, forestry and fishery Mineral extraction Manufacturing industry Energy and water companies Construction Wholesale and retail trade Hotels, restaurants Transport, information and communication Financial services Business services Public administration and services Education Health care and welfare Culture, recreation, other services 1.5 1.3 2.5 1.7 1.1 . 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.2 1.7 1.6 0.2 1.3 2.0 1.1 2.8 1.5 2011 1.6 1.9 1.6 0.3 1.8 . 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.2 1.8 1.5 2.4 0.2 0.3 1.8 1.7 2012* 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.6 0.8 . 2.0 3.7 2.5 1.9 1.1 2.3 3.5 2.4 2.8 . 2.1 2.2
13.18 People receiving benefits, June 2012 (x 1,000)

Total unemincome ployment support benefits 278 151 126 12 47 66 80 72 204 73 32 41 458 197 260 24 81 97 108 100 190 268 53 216 incapacity benefits 790 403 379 65 81 118 198 321 611 171 70 101
Total (incl. unknown) Men Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs Native Dutch population Population with a foreign background of whom Western Non-western
1,503 743 751 100 206 277 380 484
989 506 152 353
13.19 Benefits, 31 December (x 1,000)

2010 Incapacity benefits Incapacity from an early age (Wajong) Labour incapacity (WAO) Labour incapacity for self-exployed (WAZ) Complete labour incapacity (IVA) Partial labour incapacity (WGA) Unemployment benefits (WW) 832 205 486 30 28 82 264 2011 825 216 444 26 36 102 270 356 10 1 1,934 87 3,017 2012* 817 226 406 23 43 119 340 365 11 1 1,914 75 3,136
Income support 345 Income provision for older and partially disabled workers (IOAW) 10 Income provision for older and partially disabled self-employed (IOAZ) 1 Family allowance (AKW) Benefits for surviving relatives (ANW) Old age pension (AOW) 1,932 98 2,881
13.20 Incapacity benefits, 31 December (x 1,000)

2010 Total incapacity Incapacity from a young age (Wajong) Labour incapacity (WAO) Labour incapacity for self-employed (WAZ) Complete labour incapacity (IVA) Partial labour capacity (WGA) Men Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs Complete labour incapacity Partial labour incapacity 832 205 486 30 28 82 439 393 63 78 125 211 354 641 190 2011 825 216 444 26 36 102 430 394 66 83 125 210 340 639 185 2012* 817 226 406 23 43 119 423 394 68 89 123 207 329 645 171
13.21 Unemployment benefits, 31 December (x 1,000)

2010 Total Men Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs North Netherlands East Netherlands West Netherlands South Netherlands 264 151 113 9 41 68 80 65 32 55 111 63 2011 270 149 120 10 44 65 80 71 32 56 116 63 2012 340 190 151 16 60 80 98 86 41 74 146 77
13.22 Income support, 31 December (x 1,000)

2010 Total Men Women 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 35 yrs 35 to 45 yrs 45 to 55 yrs 55 to 65 yrs 65 yrs and older Single Single parent Couple Other Less than 1 year 1 year or longer 345 154 191 23 60 75 81 69 38 214 77 53 1 91 254 2011 356 160 196 22 63 76 85 70 41 222 79 54 1 79 277 2012* 365 167 199 18 67 79 90 72 40 228 79 57 1 73 293
13.23 Benefits by region, 31 December 2012 (x 1,000)

Income Incapasupport* city pre2006 (WAO)* Total (incl. abroad and unknown) Provinces Groningen Friesland Drenthe Overssel Flevoland Gelderland Utrecht North Holland South Holland Zeeland North Brabant Limburg of which Amsterdam Rotterdam The Hague Utrecht 365 406 Incapacity since 2006 (WIA)* 162 Unemployment (WW)
340
18 15 10 22 9 34 20 68 100 6 40 25
14 12 13 27 10 44 27 72 68 8 58 35
5 4 5 9 4 17 11 28 30 3 24 15
13 17 11 25 9 40 22 51 67 6 53 24
41 38 23 8
21 12 12 7
8 6 5 3
18 15 11 6
13.24 Sickness absence among employees

Hotels, restaurants Transport, information and communication Financial institutions Business services Trade Mineral extraction Culture, sports and recreation Energy Construction Education Health and welfare Manufacturing Public administration and services All economic activities 0 2011 2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 %
13.25 Old age pensions, 31 December (x 1,000)

2010 Total Complete pension Reduced pension Netherlands Rest of the world Men Women 65 to 75 yrs 75 to 85 yrs 85 to 95 yrs 95 yrs and older Married Unmarried Native Dutch background Foreign background 2,881 2,365 516 2,594 287 1,286 1,596 1,602 950 309 20 1,780 1,102 2,295 343 2011 3,017 2,470 547 2,717 300 1,357 1,660 1,702 974 321 21 1,885 1,132 2,404 362 2012 3,136 2,560 576 2,824 312 1,420 1,716 1,790 996 329 21 1,976 1,160 2,497 383
14
Leisure and culture
14. Leisure and culture

More hotel guests In 2012 the number of guests who spent the night in Dutch accommodations increased by 2percent to over 31million. This increase is mainly due to the growing number of foreign tourists. The people who spent more time in Dutch accommodations were mainly Belgian (+8percent) and British people (+7percent). Hotels were the main beneficiaries as the number of guests increased by 3percent and the overnight stays by 2.4percent. Overnight stays by guests on business fell by 3.0percent. Germany stays the main holiday destination abroad In2011 nearly 13million Dutch people went on holiday once or several times. This added up to a total of over 36million holidays. Nearly half were holidays spent in the Netherlands. Germany was the most popular destination for holidays abroad in 2011, with 3.3 million holidays, followed by France where 3million holidays were spent by Dutch people. Then followed Belgium with 2million and Spain with 1.8million holidays. Dutch people traditionally spend many of their holidays near the Mediterranean. Spain, Italy, Greece and Turkye are the main destinations. Great-Britain has gained in popularity in recent years. Computer and internet use stabilises Access to desktop and laptop computers stabilized in2012 compared to 2011. The same is true for internet access and for most internet activities. The only internet activity that has increased significantly is phoning through the internet. Use of social media continues to grow In2012 the use of social media continued to grow. It increased most in the 45 to 65age bracket, with 5percent point. The share of young people using social media has stabilised around 96percent. One in six adults regularly goes to church or mosque Some 55 percent of Dutch adults is religious, with Roman Catholics forming the largest group with 28 percent. Some 8 percent considers themselves Dutch Reformed, 4 percent is Calvinist and 6 percent indicated that they belonged to the Protestant Church of the Netherlands (PKN). Some 4 percent is Moslim. Another 6 percent belongs to the other religious or philosophical groupsincluding nearly 1 percent Hindus and 0.5 percent Buddhists. In comparison with the period20042008 the share of religious people was down by 3percent points in20102011.
14.1
Holidays of the Dutch population 2010 2011
Holidays in the Netherlands Holidays (x 1,000) Spending (billion euros) Spending per holidaymaker (euros) Holidays abroad Holidays (x 1,000) Spending (billion euros) Spending per holidaymaker (euros)
17,708 3 157
17,741 3 155
18,430 12 662
18,560 12 668
14.2
Foreign holidays of the Dutch population (%) 2010 2011 10.6 0.3 1.0 17.9 1.1 15.9 3.2 4.3 0.9 5.3 0.8 1.8 6.3 1.6 9.6 1.1 4.4 2.0 1.8 1.6 8.4 18,560
Belgium Caribbean Denmark Germany Egypt France Greece Great Britain Hungary Italy Luxembourg Norway, Sweden, Finland Austria Portugal Spain Czech Republic Turkey United States Far East Switzerland Other countries Total (x 1,000)
10.8 0.9 1.0 17.5 1.5 15.5 3.3 4.3 0.8 5.5 1.2 1.8 6.3 1.7 8.5 1.3 4.4 2.3 2.1 1.7 7.5 18,430
14.3
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Jan.
Nights spent in accommodation in the Netherlands, 2012*
x million
Feb.
Mar April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Foreign guests
Dutch guests
Total
14.4
Public libraries 2010 2011 163
Institutions Book collection (x 1,000) Book collection, adults of which fiction non-fiction Books for children and adolescents of which fiction non-fiction Books lent (x 1,000) Books lent to adults of which fiction non-fiction Books lent to children and adolescents of which fiction non-fiction Members (x 1,000) of whom adults children and adolescents
166
16,194 8,791 7,403 12,338 8,982 3,356
15,552 8,677 6,875 12,370 9,082 3,288
49,961 38,258 11,703 43,437 36,269 7,168 3,996 1,883 2,113
48,832 37,391 11,441 44,196 37,064 7,132 4,009 1,820 2,189
14.5
Supply and use of overnight accommodation (x 1,000) 2010 2011 2012*
Hotels, boarding houses and youth hostels Accommodation 3,172 Beds 212 Guests 19,225 Dutch 10,499 foreign 8,727 Nights spent 33,708 Dutch 17,533 foreign 16,175 Tourist camp sites Accommodation Beds Guests Dutch foreign Nights spent Dutch foreign Holiday parks Accommodation Beds Guests Dutch foreign Nights spent Dutch foreign Accommodation for larger groups Accommodation Beds Guests Dutch foreign Nights spent Dutch foreign
3,194 214 19,876 10,849 9,027 34,576 17,891 16,685
3,155 217 20,470 11,113 9,357 35,418 18,352 17,068
2,256 716 3,483 2,749 734 19,297 16,044 3,254
2,214 702 3,422 2,676 746 18,817 15,487 3,330
2,159 692 3,440 2,711 729 17,414 14,323 3,091
806 224 5,907 4,583 1,323 27,994 21,177 6,817
856 242 6,133 4,696 1,437 28,601 21,283 7,319
847 247 6,140 4,639 1,501 27,980 20,649 7,331
720 50 1,393 1,294 99 3,874 3,320 554
703 49 1,236 1,145 91 3,375 2,969 406
691 49 1,262 1,170 93 3,352 2,941 411
Business trips, nights spent in hotels (million) Total the Netherlands 14.6 of which in Amsterdam 3.4
15.2 3.5
14.8 3.4
14.6
ICT use, 12 to 75 year olds (%) 2010 2011 2012
Personal computer Access to desktop and laptop access to desktop access to laptop PC use (% users) (almost) daily at least once a week at least once a month less than once a month Internet Internet access PC with internet access Internet use (% of users) (almost) daily at least once a week at least once a month less than once a month Activities (% of users) looking for/applying for a job banking sending/receiving emails telephone chatting information about travel services information about health information about goods and services looking up information on government websites buying/selling goods and services radio, television and newspapers downloading or playing games, music or visuals
1)
94 80 71 85 12 1 1
96 79 76 86 12 1 1
96 78 80 87 12 1 1
94 93 84 14 2 0 20 81 96 19 29 52 54 89 58 58 74 58
95 95 86 12 1 1 20 82 95 25 29 52 55 87 53 62 76 59
96 95 87 11 2 0 20 82 95 27 30 52 56 87 55 61 77 61
In the last 3 months.
14.7
Total
ICT use of social media1), 12 to 75 year olds (%) 2010 57 90 60 39 27 2011 68 96 77 51 29 2012 71 96 80 56 33
12 to 25 yrs 25 to 44 yrs 45 to 65 yrs 65 to 75 yrs

1)
In the last 3 months.
14.8
Church goers and church attendance, 18 years and older1) (%) Church goers 2008 2011 55 Attendance 2008 19 2011 17
Total Sex Men Women Age 1824 yrs 2534 yrs 3544 yrs 4554 yrs 5564 yrs 6574 yrs 75 yrs and older Origin Native Dutch Western background Non-western background
1)
58
55 61
53 58
18 21
16 18
49 50 53 58 64 71 75
45 47 50 55 60 67 74
13 14 15 17 22 33 34
13 13 13 15 17 25 33
56 57 81
52 56 82
19 15 29
16 13 29
2008 average 2004-2008; 2011 average 2010-2011; church attendance: once a month or more.
Using the internet every day (% users)
68%
87%
2005
2012
15
Macroeconomics
15. Macro-economics
The Dutch economy is shrinking In2012 the Dutch economy contracted by 1.0percent compared to 2011. It is the first time the economy shrank year-on-year since 2009, when GDP fell by 3.7 percent. Compared to 2011, consumption was down by 1.4percent and investments by 4.6percent. Government consumption stayed the same. Only imports and exports realised substantial growth. It came to about 3percent Investments in construction nose-diving After two years of cuts, investments recovered somewhat in 2011. However, there was nothing left of this by the end of 2012. Investments in computers and means of transport were down across the board. Construction faced the starkest cuts. Investments in housing fell by about 10 percent, in commercial property by 6 percent and in civil engineering works, which are mainly carried out by the government, investments were down by 6percent. Because the government moved several infrastructural projects forward at the start of the crisis in order to stimulate the economy, government investments did grow in2009. However, since 2010 they fell by an average of 5percent a year. Slowdown in car and furniture purchases The purchase of consumer durables sank to 10percent below the 2007 level. Purchases of cars, furniture and other products for the home collapsed. Furthermore less car fuel was consumed for private use than 5years ago. People also saved on beverages and tobacco. The relatively cold winter of 2011/12 made that natural gas consumption stayed the same. People spent more on housing and care. Non-financial companies pay out record amount in dividends Dutch companies quoted on the Amsterdam Stock Exchange paid out a record amount of more than 15 billion euros in dividends to their shareholders in 2012. This is a third more than the previous record, dating back to 2008. The financial sector paid out 600 million euros in2012, three times as much as in2011. Despite the massive increase, the amount is still far removed from the record of 8.5billion euros of 2007. So the current crisis mainly affects dividend payments in the financial sector.
15.1
Economic and social key figures 2010* 2011* 2012*
Macro-economic key figures Economic growth (% volume change of GDP) Gross domestic product (deflators % change) Net national income (% volume change) Net national income per capita (% volume change Net disposable national income (% volume change) Net disposable national income per capita (% volume change) Consumer price index (CPI) (% change) Surplus of the nation on current transactions (% of GDP) Labour Labour input (% volume change) Jobs of employees (x 1,000) Employed labour force (x 1,000) Employed labour force (% of population 15 to 65 yrs) Unemployed labour force (x 1,000) Unemployed labour force (% of labour force) GDP per FTE (% volume change) Income, expenditure and savings Final consumption expenditure (% volume change) Fixed capital formation (% volume changes) Net national savings (% of net disposable income) Government Burden of taxation and social security contributions (% of GDP) EDP deficit (% of GDP) Government debt, EMU-definition (% of GDP) Enterprises Bankruptcy (abs.) Population Average population (x 1,000) Migration surplus (% of population)
1.6 1.1 2.2 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.3 5.1
1.0 1.2 4.2 3.8 4.3 3.8 2.3 8.3
1.0 0.7 1.9 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.5 8.2
0.6 7,861 7,391 67.1 426 5.4 2.2
0.5 7,904 7,392 67.2 419 5.4 0.5
. 7,845 7,387 67.2 507 6.4 .
0.5 7.2 9.7
0.6 5.7 13.8
0.9 4.6 12.7
38.4 5.1 63.1
37.9 4.5 65.5
38.5 4.1 71.2
9,565
9,531
11,235
16,615 0.2
16,693 0.2
16,754 0.1
15.2
The three approaches of domestic product (million euros) 2010* 2011* 2012*
From the output Output (basic prices) Intermediate consumption (excl. deductible VAT) () Value added (gross, basic prices) Taxes less subsidies on products taxes on products subsidies on products () Dierence imputed and paid VAT Domestic product (gross, market prices) From the generation of income Compensation of employees wages and salaries employers' social contributions Taxes on production and imports and subsidies taxes on production and imports subsidies () Operating surplus/mixed income (gross) consumption of fixed capital operating surplus/mixed income (net) Domestic product (gross, market prices) From the final expenditure Final consumption expenditure Fixed capital formation (gross) Changes in inventories Exports of goods and services Imports of goods and services () Domestic product (gross, market prices)
1,141,512 1,187,629 1,199,225 615,336 526,176 62,815 66,481 3,666 251 588,740 648,254 539,375 61,575 64,953 3,378 1,023 601,973 659,185 540,040 60,162 63,636 3,474 436 600,638
300,434 306,609 307,686 234,495 238,799 238,723 65,939 67,810 68,963 63,473 62,536 62,348 73,568 72,038 71,172 10,095 9,502 8,824 224,833 232,828 230,604 89,212 88,726 88,242 135,621 144,102 142,362 588,740 601,973 600,638
434,875 102,031 3,828 460,493 412,487 588,740
439,268 106,690 2,221 499,620 445,826 601,973
443,893 101,133 2,499 524,719 471,606 600,638
15.3
Main macro-economic balancing items (million euros) 2010* 2011* 601,973 88,726 5,207 518,454 9,248 509,206 439,268 82 70,020 17,964 2,221 2012* 600,638 88,242 5,926 518,322 9,622 508,700 443,893 9 64,816 12,891 2,499
Domestic product (gross, market prices) 588,740 Consumption of fixed capital () 89,212 Net primary income from the rest of the world 9,423 National income (net, market prices) Net current transfers from the rest of the world Disposable national income (net) Final consumption expenditure () Adjustment for net equity in pension funds reserves (surplus of the nation) National saving (net) Fixed capital formation (net) () Changes in inventories () Surplus of the nation on current transactions Net capital transfers from the rest of the world National net lending (+) or net borrowing () change in assets on the rest of the world change in liabilities to the rest of the world () statistical discrepancy 490,105 8,871 481,234 434,875 154 46,513 12,819 3,828
29,866 3,259
49,835 2,058
49,426 1,624
26,607 121,327 94,031 689
47,777 204,329 157,738 1,186
47,802 . . .
15.4
Final expenditure by category, 2012*
Total 1,070 billion euros 11%
16%
47%
26%
Exports of goods and services Household spending Government spending Fixed capital formation (gross)
15.5
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 -1 2 -2 3 -3 4 -4 5 -5 1980 %
Economic growth and employment
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010*
GDP (volume)
Labour volume
15.6
Total
Value added (gross, basic prices) (% volume change) 2010* 1.8 1.1 12.9 6.9 5.8 1.9 11.1 3.5 0.3 1.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 1.1 2011* 1.2 1.6 7.6 3.5 6.1 1.8 4.5 2.8 0.3 1.4 2.1 0.1 1.3 0.4 2012* 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.4 1.3 0.8 8.4 0.9 1.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.6
Agriculture, forestry and fishing Mining and quarrying Manufacturing Electricity and gas supply Water supply and waste management Construction Trade, transport, hotels, catering Information and communication Financial institutions Renting, buying, selling real estate Business services Government and care Culture, recreation, other services
15.7
Total
Labour input of employees (1,000 FTE) 2010* 6,718 180 7 764 25 36 456 1,588 228 238 63 1,010 1,788 335 2011* 6,752 178 7 757 25 36 448 1,612 233 234 62 1,023 1,803 333
15.8
Total
Labour productivity per FTE (% volume changes) 2010* 2.5 0.6 13.7 10.1 0.7 1.9 8.9 4.0 4.4 4.9 8.0 0.7 0.5 2.6 2011* 0.7 2.6 13.7 4.5 9.2 2.8 6.4 1.3 1.7 0.3 4.4 1.3 0.5 0.0
15.9
Gross vale added, basic prices, 2012*
Total: 540 billion euros 12% 2% 26% 13%
23%
25%
Financial and business activities Industry Trade, hotels, restaurants, transport, and communication Care and other service activities General government Agriculture, forestry and fishing
15.10 Consumer confidence, seasonally adjusted

20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
15.11 Imports of goods and service (million euros)

2010* Imports of goods and services Products of agriculture and fishing Crude oil, gas and other minerals Manufactured products food, beverages and tobacco products textiles, wearing apparel and leather paper, printed matter and recorded media coke, petroleum products and other fuel chemical products and manmade fibres rubber and plastic products basic metals and metal products machinery and equipment i.e. electrical machinery, optical equipment transport equipment other manufactured products i.e. Other products Final consumption by households abroad Cif/fob adjustment 412,487 15,117 36,975 272,685 23,866 12,778 6,817 19,055 48,547 7,489 26,246 17,072 80,192 19,739 10,884 79,356 11,628 3,274 2011* 445,826 16,907 44,669 293,511 27,835 14,220 7,174 27,806 45,913 8,536 30,793 19,520 78,688 22,516 10,510 82,751 11,553 3,565 2012* 471,606 17,511 53,655 306,709 30,252 13,942 7,078 34,659 50,114 8,420 29,394 19,225 81,041 22,803 9,781 85,325 12,234 3,828
15.12 Exports of goods and services (million euros)

2010* Exports of goods and services Products of agriculture and fishing Crude oil, gas and other minerals Manufactured products food, beverages and tobacco products textiles, wearing apparel and leather paper, printed matter and recorded media coke, petroleum products and other fuel chemical products and manmade fibres rubber and plastic products basic metals and metal products machinery and equipment i.e. electrical machinery, optical equipment transport equipment other manufactured products i.e. Transport and communication services Financial and business services Other products Final consumption by non-resident households in the Netherlands Exports of used fixed capital goods Cif/fob adjustment 460,493 21,117 15,841 319,814 42,349 10,469 6,445 34,457 65,378 7,450 26,471 19,537 85,415 15,246 6,597 21,262 54,892 17,841 12,223 777 3,274 2011* 499,620 20,861 18,711 351,267 48,009 11,975 6,678 46,271 66,297 8,447 29,957 21,810 86,931 18,591 6,301 22,572 57,351 18,463 13,127 833 3,565 2012* 524,719 22,422 24,459 367,207 49,843 11,611 6,524 55,889 71,550 8,566 28,951 22,630 86,920 18,528 6,195 24,054 56,105 19,267 13,868 1,165 3,828
15.13 Fixed capital formation (million euros)

2010* Total Dwellings Non-residential buildings Civil engineering works Transport equipment Machinery and equipment Other fixed assets Sales of existing fixed assets () 102,031 28,662 16,785 13,807 9,729 14,491 21,106 2,549 2011* 106,690 29,197 17,150 14,335 10,991 15,834 21,789 2,606 2012* 101,133 25,475 16,089 13,810 11,173 15,648 21,364 2,426
15.14 Consumer credit (excl. credit card credit) (million euros)

2010 Credit granted Interest Repayments Outstanding debt closed-end credit open-end credit Credit limits granted Overdrafts 5,173 1,329 7,001 15,960 2,787 13,172 24,988 9,908 2011 5,241 1,260 6,423 16,042 3,130 12,912 24,279 10,620 2012* 4,504 1,231 6,088 15,690 3,251 12,439 23,368 10,251
15.15 Money raised on the capital market, Euronext Amsterdam

(million euros) 2010 Total Shares financial institutions investment companies real estate companies other companies Bonds government financial institutions other private sector Mortgage bonds, bills and savings certificates 213,835 5,180 3,770 704 706 208,596 53,686 152,221 2,689 59 2011 184,733 7,566 981 4,806 314 1,465 177,167 53,904 121,329 1,934 2012 183,160 7,187 2 2,293 35 4,857 175,973 67,336 105,348 3,289 -
15.16 Dividend on shares of quoted Dutch companies (million euros)

2010 Total Construction and installation Mineral extraction Trade Manufacturing industry Non-financial services Transport, communication Banks/financial services Insurance Investment companies Real estate companies Other companies 13,247 189 4,409 394 3,633 840 1,488 34 149 1,323 616 173 2011 13,737 217 4,344 443 3,723 1,042 1,616 38 172 1,309 596 230 2012 15,295 244 4,992 567 4,601 1,040 1,209 52 562 1,295 486 248
16
Manu facturing and energy
16. Manufacturing and energy

Turnover in manufacturing stable in2012 In2011 manufacturing showed signs of economic recovery, but in2012 growth stagnated. Turnover remained at about the same level as in2011. This means it was also at the same level as in 2008, just prior to the 2009 downturn. Prices rose by over 3.5percent on 2011. Manufacturers received a growing number of orders, but the pace was slower than in previous years. Whereas the orders received in 2012 were up by nearly 1.5 percent on 2011, the year-on-year increase in2011 was nearly 7percent. Turnover remained the same in the export and domestic markets alike. It increased most in oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics manufacturing, which realised nearly 6percent turnover growth. Turnover fell in most other branches. Production in manufacturing was cut by nearly 1 percent. The dip was greatest in the manufacturing of transport equipment, where it reached over 5percent. Dutch oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics manufacturing realised the greatest increase in production namely over 3percent on 2011. Producer confidence was negative throughout 2012. The manufacturers were more pessimistic at the end than at the beginning of the year. More energy consumption, less consumption of natural gas in2012 Dutch energy consumption in2012 was up just 1.3percent on 2011. Despite this, the consumption of natural gas was down by over 4percent on 2011. The 1373 petajoule of natural gas consumed was the smallest quantity since 1990. It was colder in 2012 than in 2011. Taking this into account, energy consumption was 0.3percent lower than the previous year A whopping 16percent less natural gas was used in the production of electricity, but 16 percent more coal. The production of electricity fell sharply as more cheap electricity was imported, mainly from Germany. Dutch production of renewable electricity was 12.2billion kWh in2012, or over 10 percent of total Dutch electricity consumption. This is slightly more than in 2011. Electricity from wind increased, production from biomass stayed the same.
16.1
Turnover
Manufacturing turnover and production (2010=100) 2010 100.0 2011 114.4 2012* 114.4
Destination domestic sales exports Sector food industry textiles, clothing and leather wood, construction materials paper and publishing oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics basic metal and metal products electrical engineering transport equipment furniture Production Sector food industry textiles, clothing and leather wood, construction materials paper and publishing oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics basic metal and metal products electrical engineering transport equipment furniture
100.0 100.0
111.1 117.0
111.3 116.8
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
109.9 104.5 107.7 103.7 120.0 113.9 116.4 115.0 96.4 103.3
109.2 101.2 101.2 97.0 126.7 105.2 108.1 111.9 96.0 102.5
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
101.6 103.2 106.1 100.9 100.0 103.9 107.1 122.3 99.0
99.2 100.1 98.5 99.5 103.2 101.8 104.9 116.0 96.5
16.2
12 8 4 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 2008
Producer confidence and production growth in manufacturing
2009
2010
2011
2012
Production growth (year-on-year % changes) Producer confidence (% positive minus negative answers)
16.3
Key figures in manufacturing
Companies, 2012
total: 53,285 9% 8%
Jobs, 2011
total: 852,000 jobs 16% 34% 19% 15%
49%
4%
11%
5% 17%
13%
Production value, 2011

total: 304.3 billion euros 12% 5% 13% 22%
Gross value added, 2011

total: 69.6 billion euros 20% 21%
5% 15% 39% 11%
9%
29%
Food industry Oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics Basic metal and metal products Electrical engineering, machinery Transport equipment Textiles, paper, wood, furniture and other industry
16.4
Total
Employees in manufacturing (1,000 FTE) 2010** 763 117 120 102 129 38 257 2011* 757 115 119 102 132 38 251
Food industry Oil, chemicals, rubber and synthetics Basic metal and metal products Electrical engineering, machinery Manufacture of transport equipment Textiles, paper, wood, furniture and other industry
16.5
Total
Fixed capital formation in manufacturing (million euros) 2010 6,105 1,341 461 1,009 2,074 1,221 2011* 7,288 1,343 610 1,532 2,459 1,343
Food industry Oil industry Chemical industry Metal and electrical engineering Other manufacturing
16.6
Energy balance sheet (petajoule) 2010 2011 3,246 2,707 9,329 8,145 783 137 3,246 313 1,241 1,434 132 40 53 422 2012* 3,287 2,699 10,099 8,521 719 271 3,287 344 1,278 1,373 136 39 55 413
Energy supply extraction imports exports () bunkers () used from stocks Energy use coal and coal products oil and oil products natural gas renewable energy nuclear energy waste and other energy imported electricity
3,492 2,935 9,594 8,300 729 7 3,492 318 1,305 1,643 127 38 51 419
16.7
3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500 0
Energy consumption by type
petajoule
'50 '55 '60 '65 '70 '75 '80 '85 '90 '95 '00 '05 Oil and oil products Other
'12
Coal and coal products Natural gas
16.8
Electricity balance sheet (billion kWh) 2010 2011 122,1 113.0 70.6 42.4 20.6 11.5 122.1 104.8 13.4 3.9 4.6 2012* 118.7 101.6 63.7 37.9 32.2 15.0 118.7 101.9 13.3 3.5 4.5
Supply of electricity production central local imports exports () Electricity consumption via public network via self-generation networks for production processes Net losses
120.9 118.2 75.8 42.3 15.6 12.8 120.9 103.8 13.4 3.8 4.5
16.9
Renewable electricity (% electricity consumption) 2010 2011 9.84 0.08 3.87 0.08 5.80 21.66 18.84 1.95 . 0.87 2.79 2012* 10.14 0.08 4.10 . 5.85 28.03 25.48 1.5 . 1.05 3.27
Domestic production hydro power1) wind energy1) solar power biomass Imports hydro power wind energy solar power biomass Exports
1)
9.69 0.08 3.72 0.05 5.84 13.67 13.11 0.38 . 0.18 0.36
Normalised according to the EU renewable energy directive.
16.10 Sales of motor fuels

Road trac automotive lpg motor gasoline transport diesel Shipping Gas oil, light fuel oil fuel oil Aviation
1)
1)
for transport (petajoule) 2010 472 14 184 275 590 73 517 145 2011 479 13 188 278 640 76 563 151 2012* 462 13 181 269 582 74 507 145
Including sales international shipping and aviation.
16.11 Consumer energy prices (euros)

2010 Natural gas per m Electricity per kWh Motor gasoline (Euro95) per litre Transport diesel per litre Automotive lpg per litre
3
2011 0.60 0.18 1.64 1.35 0.70
2012* 0.70 0.19 1.76 1.44 0.77
0.57 0.17 1.50 1.17 0.64
17
Nature and environment
17. Nature and environment

Phosphate in manure below the upper limits again Manure production fell by over 12million kg of nitrogen and 9million kg of phosphate in2011. The main causes were a decrease in the number of cattle and poultry and lower quantities of nitrogen and phosphate in cattle feed. So for the first time since 2007 phosphate production was below the 173 million kg maximum set by the European Commission. In2012 (provisional figure) phosphate production continued to fall. Waste prevention in the food and chemical industries works In 2010 manufacturing released 14.4 million tonnes of non-hazardous waste. This would have been 6.8million tonnes more if it had not been for waste prevention measures, assuming that the volume of waste would have grown at the same rate as value added in the period20002010. There was a great deal of waste prevention in the food and the chemical industries (3.9 and 1.6 million tonnes respectively). In-house recycling, the use of different, less polluting raw materials and the change to cleaner production processes led to a great reduction in the release of less ground tare and phosphogypsum. Lower emission of acidifiers and greenhouse gasses In 2011 the emission of greenhouse gasses in the Netherlands was 7percent lower than in2010. This is mostly the result of the 7percent cut in energy use. Far less natural gas was consumed due to the mild winter, and to a lesser extent the economic crisis. This in turn led to a substantial decrease in carbon dioxide emissions. Dutch greenhouse gas emissions were 8percent below the 1990 Kyoto base year level. According to the Kyoto protocol the Netherlands must cut its greenhouse gas emissions by 6percent in the period20082012 compared to 1990. The average for the period20082011 is 5percent less than in1990. In 2011 emissions of acidifiers were down by 4 percent on 2010 and 65percent on 1990. This is the result of all kind of emission reduction measures taken particularly in manufacturing and in traffic and transport. Butterfly population in decline, especially in farming areas In2012 the butterfly population was at its lowest level in twenty years. The situation of butterflies that commonly had their habitat in grass lands in farming areas deteriorated particularly fast. Rare species such as the large chequered skipper and the tree grayling are not thriving at all, but neither are the more common species as the peacock butterfly and the large white. This is mainly because their preferred habitat has deteriorated or disappeared. The quality of their remaining habitat is also deteriorating due to fragmentation, intensification of agricultural production, as well as increasingly parched and over-fertilised land.
Other species, such as the speckled wood butterfly and the orange tip, are thriving. In the past the speckled wood butterfly was only found in woods, but today they are also found in gardens, and road verges, so its population is increasing rapidly. The orange tip benefits from regularly warm spring months. The butterflies traditionally found in farming areas are down to a quarter of their 1992 numbers. This is mainly caused by the intensification of agricultural production, which means that few blooming flowers remain in grass lands and verges. There is a difference between farming and urban areas and the grass lands in nature areas. The latter two offer slightly better prospects. The preliminary Red List of endangered moths was published recently. This group is not doing very well either as about half of the species is endangered or have disappeared altogether from the Netherlands.
17.1
Investment in the environment (companies with 20 and more employees)
million euros 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2005 2006 Air 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011*
Water
Waste, soil, noise, landscape
17.2
Noise nuisance and odour nuisance (% of people aged 18 yrs and older) 2005 2010 2011
Noise nuisance Trac and/or industry air trac rail trac road trac industry neighbours Odour nuisance Trac and/or industry trac industry agriculture open fireplaces and/or multi-fuel burners
44 17 6 32 4 20
40 15 6 29 2 19
40 14 7 30 3 20
13 7 8 11 11
8 3 5 8 11
7 4 5 9 10
17.3
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 '95
Air pollution
1990=100
'00
'01
'02
'03
'04
'05
'06
'07
'08
'09
'10
'11
Acidifiers (NEC)
Greenhouse gasses (IPCC)

17.4
Air pollution, emissions by all sources, 2011 (%)
Greenhouse gasses (IPCC)

14% 6% 22%
Acidifiers (NEC)
12%
20%
49%
17% 18% 25% 4% 8% 4%
Agriculture Refineries Manufacturing Energy companies Trac/transport Other
17.5
Water purification by sewage treatment installations 2005 2010 2011
Euent (1,000 kg) phosphorus (total P) nitrogen (total N) cadmium chromium copper mercury lead Sludge of sewage treatment installations (1,000 KG) of which dry matter phosphorus (total P) nitrogen (total N) cadmium chromium copper mercury lead
2,651 21,742 0.25 3.4 12 0.097 6.2
2,226 16,586 0.23 2.9 8.8 0.087 3.9
2,126 15,250 0.17 2.4 7.9 0.07 3.6
1,494,028 347,557 7,771 18,733 0.45 14 132 0.33 39
1,321,586 332,601 11,110 18,736 0.47 14 133 0.26 40
1,304,669 331,336 10,757 18,728 0.42 14 137 0.25 38
17.6
Water pollution, emissions by all sources (1,000 kg) 2005 2010 15,033 85,641 0.98 5.9 273 0.33 41.3 2011* 14,941 84,989 0.98 5.3 275 0.32 41.3
Phosphorus (total P) Nitrogen (total N) Cadmium Chromium Copper Mercury Lead
15,286 92,703 1.51 15.8 281 0.58 57.0
17.7
Industrial waste (million kg) 2010 Total 2011 Total Recycled Final processing 4,460 88 1,193 368 210 42 573 29 3,150 3,504 11 18 26 108 1,497 1,236 588 18 956
Total non-hazardous waste Mineral extraction Manufacturing food industry chemical industry basic metal industry other manufacturing Energy supply Water collection and recycling Non-chemical waste metal products paper and cardboard wood animal and vegetable waste mixed waste sludge minerals and stonelike materials other non-chemical waste Chemical waste
23,867 244 14,400 8,217 912 2,074 215 1,152 8,071 21,834 1,089 747 765 6,521 3,362 2,155 6,880 5 2,034
24,235 200 14,630 8,130 1,004 1,765 3,731 1,165 8,240 22,232 1,136 759 776 6,506 3,399 2,275 7,057 323 2,003
19,775 112 13,437 7,763 794 1,723 3,157 1,136 5,090 18,729 1,127 739 750 6,398 1,902 1,037 6,468 307 1,047
17.8
Total
Municipal waste (million kg) 2005 10,323 9,059 4,605 3,878 640 88 4,453 1,302 1,077 345 444 326 429 530 1,138 126 2010 10,061 8,860 4,441 3,751 615 75 4,419 1,255 1,065 350 447 323 402 577 1,076 124 2011 10,169 8,946 4,437 3,760 599 78 4,509 1,297 1,046 350 447 334 425 610 1,099 125
Household waste non-separated collected waste household waste bulky household waste mixed construction waste separated collected waste garden, fruit and vegetable waste paper glass bulky garden waste wood waste rubble other separated waste Cleansing waste Other waste
17.9
160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1970
Mineral surpluses in agriculture
1970=100
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
Phosphorus (total P)
Nitrogen (total N)
17.10 Manure and mineral production (million kg)

2010 Manure from livestock Cattle Sheep and goats Horses and ponies Pigs Poultry Rabbits and furred animals Mineral excretion Nitrogen (total N) Phosphate (as P2O5) Potassium (as K2O) 72,172 55,942 1,706 993 11,841 1,527 164 2011 71,434 55,354 1,674 961 11,821 1,457 166 2012* 71,207 55,416 1,699 929 11,571 1,416 176
490 179 523
477 170 512
474 168 509
17.11 Trends in plant and animal populations (2000=100)

2005 Breeding birds Winter birds 1) Water birds 2) Mammals 3) Bats Amphibians Reptiles Butterflies Dragonflies Wild mushrooms Source: NEM (PGO, CBS). Birds spending winters in the Netherlands. Season 2004/2005, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. 3) Mammals active during the daytime: squirrels, hares, rabbits, deer and foxes.
1) 2)
2010 93* 57* 113* 137* 196* 114* 101* 100* 119* 79*
2011 98* 63* 118* 122* 210* 90* 104* 85* 101* 58*
94 97 117 110 152 112 103 92 95 72
17.12 Start of butterfly flight period

17-May 12-May 7-May 2-May 27-April 22-April 17-April 12-April 92
94
96
98
00
02
04
06
08
10
Start of flight period
Trend
Source: NEM (Vlinderstichting, CBS).
17.13 Start of egg-laying period of birds

22-May 17-May 12-May 7-May 2-May 27-April 22-April 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08 10 Start of egg-laying period Source: NEM (SOVON, CBS). Trend
18
Population
18. Population
Population growth collapsed in2012 On 1January2013 the Netherlands had nearly 16.8million inhabitants, almost 48thousand more than a year earlier. On balance 13thousand inhabitants came in from abroad in2012, 17thousand fewer than in2011. Some 156thousand immigrants arrived while 143thousand emigrants left. Immigration was down for the first time since 2006, while emigration rose for the third year running. Natural growth (births minus deaths) contributed 35thousand, the lowest figure since 1871. Fewer births, more deaths In2012 natural growth decreased from 44 to 35thousand. The number of live births fell by 5thousand to 175thousand, the lowest number since the mid 1980s. The number of deaths increased by 5 thousand to 141thousand. The high mortality rate was concentrated in February and March. It was mainly due to the unusual cold (in February) and to a lesser extent to the subsequent flue epidemic (March). Migration from Central and Eastern Europeans lower on balance In 2012 some 156 thousand immigrants arrived in the Netherlands, 7thousand fewer than in2011. Fewer immigrants came from Asia and Africa requesting asylum. Fewer emigrants born in the Netherlands returned. The rise in immigration by Central and Eastern Europeans came to a halt in 2012, while emigration of this group rose faster. On balance 12thousand Eastern and Central Europeans arrived, 6thousand fewer than in2011. Although total immigration was down, there was a further rise in the immigration from Southern Europe, probably as a consequence of the economic crisis there. On balance over 4thousand immigrants arrived in the Netherlands from Southern Europe in2012.
18.1
Total Men Women
Population key figures, 1 January (x 1,000) 2010 16,575 8,203 8,372 7,702 6,875 867 1,131 3,928 4,193 5,916 1,890 648 2012 16,730 8,283 8,447 7,841 6,851 866 1,172 3,895 4,142 5,977 2,030 686 2013* 16,778 8,306 8,472 . . . . 3,870 4,120 5,964 2,121 703
Never married Married Widowed Divorced Younger than 20 yrs 20 to 40 yrs 40 to 65 yrs 65 to 80 yrs 80 yrs and older
18.2
Age and demographic burden, 1 January (%) 2010 2012 2013*
Age younger than 20 yrs 20 to 40 yrs 40 to 65 yrs 65 to 80 yrs 80 yrs and older Demographic burden (total) green burden grey burden Inhabitants per km2 of land (abs.)
23.7 25.3 35.7 11.4 3.9 64.0 38.9 25.1 491
23.3 24.8 35.7 12.1 4.1 65.3 38.5 26.8 496
23.1 24.6 35.5 12.6 4.2 66.4 38.4 28.0 498
18.3
Population size and growth (x 1,000) 2010 2011 16,656 180 136 163 133 0 75 16,730 2012* 16,730 175 141 156 143 . 48 16,778
Population on 1 January births deaths immigration emigration other corrections, net Total growth Population on 31 December Population growth (per 1,000 inhabitants)
16,575 184 136 154 121 1 81 16,656
4.9
4.5
2.8
18.4
Total
Population by ethnic origin, 1 January (x 1,000) 2010 16,575 13,215 3,360 1,700 644 389 119 1,055 167 81 185 196 1,660 857 509 263 803 182 57 157 188 2011 16,656 13,229 3,427 1,735 666 410 117 1,069 168 82 184 197 1,692 862 511 263 830 188 59 160 192 2012 16,730 13,236 3,494 1,772 690 433 115 1,082 168 83 184 197 1,722 866 513 263 856 195 61 163 196
Native Dutch Foreign background 1st generation western of whom EU countries Indonesia non-western of whom Morocco Neth. Antilles and Aruba Suriname Turkey 2nd generation western of whom EU countries Indonesia non-western of whom Morocco Neth. Antilles and Aruba Suriname Turkey
18.5
Total
Households by type, 1 January (x 1,000) 2010 7,386 2,670 4,717 2,127 506 1,622 2,049 331 1,718 486 54 2011 7,444 2,708 4,736 2,144 514 1,630 2,051 350 1,702 496 44 2012 7,513 2,762 4,751 2,148 512 1,637 2,048 361 1,687 511 44
One-person households Multi-person households couples without children unmarried married couples with children unmarried married one-parent households other
18.6
Households with three or more children, 1 January 2012
Limburg Groningen North Holland Drenthe North Brabant South Holland Zeeland Gelderland Utrecht Flevoland Friesland Overssel Netherlands 0 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 % households with children
18.7
Total
Private households by size, 1 January (x 1,000) 2010 7,386 2,670 2,418 908 971 421 2.22 2011 7,444 2,708 2,440 905 972 419 2.21 2012 7,513 2,762 2,455 909 971 415 2.20
1 person 2 persons 3 persons 4 persons 5 persons and more Average household size (abs.)
18.8
Total Sex boys girls
Live births (x 1,000) 2010 184 2011 180 2012* 175
94 90
92 88
. .
Birth order from the mother 1st child 2nd child 3rd child 4th and higher order child Legitimacy marital non-marital Live births per 1,000 inhabitants (abs.) Live births per 1,000 women aged 1550 (abs) Total fertility rate (abs.)
85 66 24 9
84 65 22 9
. . . .
109 76 11.1 48.0 1.8
105 75 10.8 47.1 1.8
. . 10.5 . 1.7
18.9
Total
Live births by mother's age (x 1,000) 2010 184.4 1.9 16.4 51.6 69.4 37.2 7.6 0.3 2011 180.1 1.7 15.8 50.3 69.2 35.3 7.4 0.4
15 to 20 yrs 20 to 25 yrs 25 to 30 yrs 30 to 35 yrs 35 to 40 yrs 40 to 45 yrs 45 yrs and older
18.10 Average age of mother when giving birth

2010 Total 1st child 2nd child 3rd child 4th and higher order child 31.0 29.4 31.7 33.3 35.1 2011 31.0 29.4 31.7 33.2 35.1
18.11 Stillbirths by duration of pregnancy

2010 Absolute 24 weeks and longer 28 weeks and longer Per 1,000 births 24 weeks and longer 28 weeks and longer 2011
648 490
620 486
3.5 2.7
3.4 2.7
18.12 Single and multiple births (x 1,000)

2010 Total Single births Multiple births twins two boys one boy, one girl two girls three or more babies 181.8 178.8 3.0 3.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.0 2011 177.6 174.8 2.9 2.8 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.0
Twin births per 1,000 births
12.4
15.9
1950
2011
18.13 Live births to parents with a foreign background, by parental

country of birth (x 1,000) 2010 Total Western of which Belgium Germany Indonesia former Yugoslavia United Kingdom Non-western of which Morocco Neth. Antilles and Aruba Somalia Suriname Turkey 45.3 13.8 1.2 2.1 0.8 1.1 0.9 31.5 7.3 2.3 1.0 3.3 5.3 2011 44.8 13.9 1.1 2.0 0.8 1.1 0.9 30.9 7.1 2.2 1.2 3.2 5.0
18.14 Mortality
2010 Deaths (x 1,000) men women Infant mortality (x 1,000) Perinatal mortality (x 1,000) Deaths per 1,000 inhabitants Standardised mortality per 1 000 inhabitants men women Infant mortality per 1 000 live births Perinatal mortality per 1 000 live births Life expectancy at birth (years) men women Average age at death men women 136.1 66.0 70.1 0.7 0.9 8.2 6.4 5.9 6.6 3.8 4.8 2011 135.7 65.3 70.5 0.7 0.9 8.1 6.2 5.7 6.5 3.6 4.8 2012* 140.7 67.8 72.9 0.6 . 8.4 . . . 3.7 .
78.8 82.7
79.2 82.9
79.2 82.8
74.0 79.6
74.2 79.6
. .
18.15 Average age at marriage

in yrs 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 0 1950 1960 1970 Women first marriage Men first marriage 1980 1990 2000 Women total Men total 2010
18.16 Marriages and partnership registrations

2010 Marriages (x 1,000) two men one man and one woman two women Partnership registrations (x 1,000) two men one man and one woman two women Marriages per 1,000 inhabitants Partnership registrations per 1,000 inhabitants Average age at marriage men women 75.4 0.7 74.0 0.7 9.6 0.2 9.1 0.3 4.5 0.6 2011 71.6 0.6 70.2 0.8 9.9 0.2 9.5 0.2 4.3 0.6
36.6 33.4
36.9 33.8
18.17 Wedding anniversaries (x 1,000)

2010 12.5 years 25 years 40 years 50 years 60 years 66 54 70 33 6 2011 67 55 73 34 7 2012 68 58 72 37 8
18.18 Marriage dissolutions (x 1,000)

2010 Total Cause: death of husband death of wife divorce
1)
2011 88.9
2012* 90.7
89.9
38.1 18.1 33.7
36.9 18.2 33.8
38.1 18.3 34.3
Including dissolution of partnerships.
18.19 Marriage dissolutions

2010 Marriage dissolution per 1,000 inhabitants of which by divorce Marriage dissolution by death per 1,000 couples men women Divorce rate 5.3 2.0 2011 5.3 2.0
16.2 11.0 5.2 36.2
16.1 10.8 5.3 36.5 14.5 45.8 42.7
Average marriage duration at divorce (years) 14.4 Average age at divorce men 45.6 women 42.5 Average age at death of partner men women Average age of surviving partner men women
74.7 70.9 72.7 71.2
75.0 71.0 . .
18.20 Divorces by age (x 1,000)

2010 Men younger than 30 yrs 30 to 40 yrs 40 to 50 yrs 50 yrs and older Women younger than 30 yrs 30 to 40 yrs 40 to 50 yrs 50 yrs and older 30.7 1.3 7.1 12.5 9.9 31.6 2.9 9.2 12.6 6.9 2011 30.7 1.3 6.8 12.5 10.1 31.6 2.8 9.0 12.6 7.3
Number of marriages
1990
2011
= 10,000 marriages
18.21 Internal migration (x 1,000)

2010 Total Moving within the same municipality Moving to another municipality in the same province in another province 1,462 872 590 347 243 2011 1,459 865 594 347 247 2012* 1,484 878 606 356 250
18.22 Population by position in household, 1 January (x 1,000)

2010 In private household child living at home single living together without children unmarried married with children unmarried married single parent other In institutional household 16,366 4,582 2,670 8,352 1,011 3,243 661 3,436 486 276 209 2011 16,436 4,584 2,708 8,391 1,029 3,259 699 3,404 496 257 219 2012 16,511 4,591 2,762 8,393 1,024 3,273 722 3,374 511 255 219
18.23 External migration by country of birth (x 1,000)

2010 Immigration Continents Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Unknown Countries of which Netherlands Germany United Kingdom EU countries (excl. Netherlands) China former Yugoslavia Morocco Neth. Antilles and Aruba former Soviet Union Suriname Turkey Emigration (incl. administrative corrections) Continents Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Unknown Countries of which Netherlands Germany United Kingdom EU countries (excl. Netherlands) China former Yugoslavia Morocco Neth. Antilles and Aruba former Soviet Union Suriname Turkey 154.4 2011 163.0 2012* 155.7
14.4 17.1 24.1 97.5 1.4
12.8 17.1 26.2 105.5 1.4
9.5 16.4 23.7 102.1 1.3 2.8
28.4 9.4 4.0 58.4 5.0 1.3 2.4 4.4 6.0 2.1 4.5
28.5 9.3 4.1 66.3 6.0 1.4 2.7 4.2 6.6 2.1 4.1
26.8 8.5 4.2 65.2 5.5 1.3 2.1 3.7 6.1 1.8 3.8
121.4
133.2
142.8
8.8 11.9 16.4 83.0 1.2
8.6 12.7 17.5 93.0 1.3
9.0 13.8 17.5 99.5 1.2 1.7
41.7 6.1 3.7 34.6 2.7 1.2 1.5 3.0 2.2 1.6 3.1
45.9 7.3 3.6 39.8 3.1 1.2 1.5 3.1 2.9 1.6 3.3
45.1 8.0 3.7 45.9 3.3 1.3 1.8 3.5 3.5 2.1 4.0
18.24 Population by country of origin, 1 January (x 1,000)

2010 Continents (total) Africa America Asia Europe Oceania Countries western of which EU countries Australia Canada Hungary Indonesia former Yugoslavia Poland former Soviet Union United States non-western of which Afghanistan Angola China Egypt Ethiopia Ghana Hong Kong Iraq Iran Cape Verde Morocco Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Pakistan Somalia Suriname Thailand Turkey Vietnam 3,360 562 611 738 1,428 20 2011 3,427 577 621 747 1,461 20 2012 3,494 591 631 757 1,495 21
1,501 898 15 14 16 382 79 77 56 33 1,858 39 9 53 21 11 21 18 52 32 21 349 138 19 27 342 16 384 19
1,528 921 15 14 17 380 80 87 61 34 1,899 40 9 56 21 12 21 18 53 33 21 356 141 19 31 345 17 389 20
1,557 947 15 14 18 378 81 101 65 35 1,938 41 9 59 21 12 22 18 53 34 21 363 144 20 34 347 17 393 20
18.25 Changes of nationality by previous nationality (x 1,000)

2010 Acquisition of Dutch nationality (other than by birth) 26.3 Continents African American Asian European Oceanian none or unknown Nationalities of which Chinese Iraqi Iranian former Yugoslavian Moroccan Somali former Soviet Russian Surinamese Loss of Dutch nationality 2011
28.6
8.1 2.3 3.4 8.1 0.0 4.3
9,4 2,5 4,0 8,5 0,1 4,3
0.5 0.3 0.2 0.5 5.8 0.1 0.7 1.0 0.4
0,4 0,3 0,3 0,5 6,8 0,1 0,8 0,9 0.4
18.26 Acquisition of Dutch nationality, by regulation (x 1,000)

2010 Total Adoption Recognition Naturalisation independently co-dependently Option 26.3 0.4 0.3 18.1 13.7 4.4 7.4 2011 28.6 0.4 0.3 20.6 16.0 4.6 7.2
18.27 Population forecast

2013 Population, 1 Jan. (x 1,000) younger than 20 yrs 20 to 40 yrs 40 to 65 yrs 65 to 80 yrs 80 yrs and older Population year-on-year changes (x 1,000) of which live births deaths immigration emigration (incl. administrative corrections) net migration (incl. administrative corrections) other corrections Total fertility rate Life expectancy at birth (years) men women Population, 1 Jan. (%) younger than 20 yrs 20 to 65 yrs 65 yrs and older Demographic burden green burden grey burden 16,778 3,871 4,120 5,962 2,121 704 2040 17,816 3,811 4,187 5,097 3,124 1,596 2060 17,899 3,732 4,256 5,197 2,740 1,974
46 176 141 153 141 12 0
8 182 193 154 136 19 0
9 187 195 155 138 17 0
1.72 1.75 1.75
79.4 82.9
84.1 86.9
87.1 89.9
23.1 60.1 16.8 66.4 38.4 28.0
21.4 52.1 26.5 91.9 41.1 50.8
20.8 52.8 26.3 89.3 39.5 49.9
18.28 Average age of the father at child birth

Average age of the father total 1st child of the mother 31.6 31.7 31.9 31.9 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
33.0 33.1 33.3 33.3 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.8 34.0 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.0 34.0 34.0
18.29 Father's age and birth order from the mother, 2011
Father's age (31 December) Birth order from the mother total Total younger than 20 yrs 20 to 25 yrs 25 to 30 yrs 30 to 35 yrs 35 to 40 yrs 40 to 45 yrs 45 to 50 yrs 50 to 55 yrs 55 to 60 yrs 60 to 65 yrs 65 yrs and older 180,060 505 6,700 31,531 62,231 49,364 21,460 6,119 1,549 431 120 50 1st child 83,538 474 5,265 20,535 30,568 17,144 6,757 2,005 559 173 42 16
19
Prices
19. Prices
Rising inflation The Dutch inflation rate reached 2.5 percent in 2012. This is a fraction higher than in2011, when the inflation rate was 2.3percent. Much of the increase is due to higher rent prices. The average rent of homes rose faster than in2011. The prices of new cars and international travel also contributed to a higher inflation. Car fuels saw a hefty price rise in2012, making them among of the products that most increased in price. Besides car fuels, transport with busses and taxies, gas and cigarettes became much more expensive. Water and consumer electronics became cheaper on the other hand. Higher and lower prices in business services In 2012 prices in business services were on average 0.1 percent higher than in2011. This is substantially less than the 2.5percent inflation rate. Prices developed very differently in the various kinds of services. Prices were most under pressure in IT services and management consultancies, with a nearly 3 percent dip. Prices of storage and transport support, architects, engineers, advertising and marketing research were also down on 2011. Still, most service providers could register a bit of a price rise. However, no branch reached the level of inflation. Prices of transport over water, cleaning and landscaping rose fastest, by more than 2percent. Continued price rises in manufacturing Prices in manufacturing were on average 3.4percent higher in2012 than in 2011. The increase in prices was not as strong as in 2011, when the prices rose by 9.9percent. The price of crude oil largely determined price developments in manufacturing. It did not rise as fast in2012 as it had in previous years. Therefore prices in the oil processing and chemical industries did not increase as fast, with 10.5 and 2.4percent respectively. The food, beverages and tobacco industry raised its prices by more than 4percent. Some sectors in manufacturing achieved lower prices in 2012 than in2011. Prices in basic metal industry were over 4percent lower. Prices were also cut in the paper, printing and pharmaceutical industries in2012.
19.1
Consumer prices (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 2.3 2.2 3.5 1.0 2.6 1.3 0.5 4.4 2.2 0.3 2.3 2.7 2.3 1.3 4.3 3.2 1.9 2012 2.5 2.0 4.3 0.5 2.9 1.1 0.9 4.4 0.1 1.8 3.9 2.3 2.4 1.2 3.7 3.2 2.1
Total expenditure Food and non-alcoholic drinks Alcoholic drinks and tobacco Clothing and footwear Housing, water and energy Furnishings, household appliances Uninsured health care Transport Communication Recreation and culture Private education Hotels, cafs and restaurants Miscellaneous goods and services Consumption-related taxes and public services Consumption abroad Frequent purchases* Infrequent purchases
1.3 0.1 3.2 0.5 0.1 0.8 1.2 4.5 2.0 0.3 0.8 2.4 1.7 3.8 3.3 2.4 0.7
*Purchases that made at least once a month and are paid directly.
19.2
Consumer price rises and source of income (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 2.3 2012 2.5
All households (inflation) Households with an income from labour with an income from own enterprise with an income from pensions with an income from transfers other than AOW pensions
1.3
1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1
2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4
2.5 2.4 2.5 2.5
19.3
12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 1970 %
Inflation rate
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
19.4
Inflation in the Eurozone according to the European Harmonised method (HICP*) (in %) 2010 2011 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.4 3.5 2.5 5.1 3.3 2.3 3.1 1.2 2.9 3.7 2.5 3.6 3.6 2.1 4.1 3.1 2012 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.1 2.1 4.2 3.2 2.2 1.0 1.9 3.3 2.9 3.2 2.6 2.8 2.8 3.7 2.4
Netherlands Eurozone European Union Belgium Cyprus Germany Estonia Finland France Greece Ireland Italy Luxembourg Malta Austria Portugal Slovenia Slovakia Spain
0.9 1.6 2.1 2.3 2.6 1.2 2.7 1.7 1.7 4.7 1.6 1.6 2.8 2.0 1.7 1.4 2.1 0.7 2.0
* Harmonise price index developed to compare the inflation rates of the EU * member states.
19.5
5 %
Inflation in the Netherlands and the eurozone
-1 2006
2007
2008
2009 eurozone
2010
2011
2012
Netherlands
19.6
Average prices (in euros) unit 2010 2011
Fuels and services for transport Motor vehicle test 1 test Driving lesson 1 hour Petrol litre euro95 Diesel litre LPG litre Eating and drinking in cafes and restaurants Minced-meat hotdog 1 Glass of beer flute of pilsner Glass of red housewine glass Cup of coee black coee Pizza 2530 cm
40.41 40.49 1.50 1.17 0.64
38.53 41.47 1.64 1.35 0.70
1.29 1.96 2.85 1.87 8.43
1.35 2.01 2.84 1.83 8.66
19.6
Average prices (in euros) (end) unit 2010 2011
Foodstus Potatoes Applesauce Bananas Beer Luncheon meat Bread Mushrooms Chocolate sprinkles Pork steak Cheese Chicken filet Chicken eggs Coee Cucumber Currant bun Macaroni Margarine Milk Mineral water Stewing steak Rice Butter Minced beef Orange juice Canned green beans Sugar Tea Toilet paper Canned tuna Vanilla custard Self-raising flour Sunflower oil Other services Women's hairdresser Men's hairdresser Will Swimming lesson
kg jar, 720 gr kg case of pilsner kg brown wheat bread, sliced 250 gr 400 gr kg kg, ripe Gouda kg free range, mid sized 500 gr, extra fine grind 1 1 kg 500 gr, tub litre, carton, low-fat 1.5 litre flat kg kg, white, instant 250 gr, unsalted kg litre, not fresh, refrigerated 480 gr dry weight kg, crystal 80 gr, English tea, bags 8 rolls 185 gr litre kg litre
0.88 0.68 1.60 1.41 7.71 1.17 0.93 1.27 7.44 8.80 6.97 0.16 3.09 0.86 0.27 1.36 1.53 0.64 0.51 7.91 1.82 1.04 5.06 0.90 0.89 0.75 0.72 2.56 1.17 0.86 0.78 1.30
0.83 0.70 1.67 1.40 7.68 1.29 0.89 1.29 8.18 9.30 7.19 0.16 4.08 0.64 0.28 1.35 1.57 0.67 0.50 8.57 1.75 1.16 5.47 1.00 0.90 0.79 0.79 2.48 1.21 0.82 0.80 1.33
wash, cut, dry cut drawing up 1 hour
34.85 19.84 370.49 9.97
34.94 20.17 381.93 10.27
19.7
Prices of industrial products (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 21.4 17.6 24.5 9.9 9.2 10.4 1.2 0.6 21.5 0.4 0.4 2012 9.7 9.7 9.6 3.4 3.6 3.2 0.0 0.1 . 10.0 10.0
Mineral extraction domestic sales exports Manufacturing domestic sales exports Energy companies domestic sales exports
1.7 5.6 8.3 8.7 6.4 10.4 3.5 3.8 12.9
Water supply and waste management 0.1 domestic sales 0.1
19.8
Prices of manufactured products (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 2012
Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas Other mineral extraction Food, beverages and tobacco Beverages Tobacco products Textiles Clothing Leather, leather products, footwear Wood, cork and cane products Paper and cardboard products Printing and publishing Oil products Chemical products Pharmaceuticals Rubber and synthetic products Glass, earthenware, cement and plaster products Furniture Basic metals Metal products Electrical equipment Electrical and optical instruments Machinery and equipment Transport equipment
1.7 1.5 5.4 1.6 3.5 1.1 1.1 0.6 1.6 4.2 2.2 32.2 19.6 2.1 1.7 0.4 1.1 10.4 0.4 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.1
21.8 14.4 10.1 4.6 3.3 4.6 3.4 5.8 2.2 5.7 0.9 25.9 16.5 4.8 4.9 1.8 2.3 8.0 2.5 1.9 2.8 1.0 1.3
10.0 2.4 4.3 3.8 10.8 2.4 2.5 2.2 1.2 2.2 0.6 10.5 2.4 0.3 1.5 2.2 1.4 4.1 0.3 2.3 1.2 1.1 1.4
19.9
140
Producer price index
2005=100
130 120
110
100
90
80 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Domestic sales Exports
19.10 Service price index (year-on-year % changes)

2010 Service price index Transport, storage and communication transport by land/pipelines transport by water transport support IT services Real estate rental and trade Professional, scientific and technical services Notarial, legal and accounting services Management consulting services Architectural and engineering and technical services Advertising and market research services Administrative and support services Car rental and leasing services Employment services Security and investigation services Cleaning and landscaping services 0.8 1.7 0.0 6.2 2.5 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.7 4.6 0.8 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 2.7 0.9 2011 0.7 1.9 3.5 1 3.6 3.4 0.9 0.4 2.0 0.1 0.1 0.7 1.5 1.4 1.5 0.8 1.8 2012 0.1 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.3 2.8 0.9 1.1 0.3 2.9 0.6 1.8 1.1 0.0 1.3 1.4 2.1
20
Security and justice
20. Security and justice

More fire alarms, fewer requests for assistance In 2011 the Dutch fire services received 155 thousand calls, of which 107fire alarm calls and 48thousand calls for assistance. The number of fires was up by 4percent on 2010, the number of requests for assistance down by half a percent. Some 45percent of all calls was a false alarm (69.7thousand), usually a fire alarm. A call for help is rarely a false alarm. One in eight Dutch people falls victim to cyber crime In2012 about 12percent of the population aged over 15 indicated they had become victims of cyber-crimes. Half of them had their computer, smart phone, email account or website hacked. A quarter was bullied online and a quarter faced fraud in buying or selling. A small minority fell victim to identity fraud (non-consensual use of personal data for financial gain). Young people who are relatively active on the internet, face relatively more cyber-crime. Nearly one in five people aged15 to25 fell victim to it. Among people aged 25 to 45 the share was higher than average at 15 percent. However, traditional crime is still more common: nearly 20percent of the population faced one or more of the traditional types of common crimes, such as violence, property crimes and vandalism. Fewer suspect, more burglaries Between 2007 and 2011 the number of registered suspects of burglaries fell by 7percent. In2011 the police registered 8thousand suspects of this crime compared to nearly 9thousand in2007. In the same period the number of burglaries in homes, including attempted burglaries, rose from nearly 68 to over 89thousand. This is opposite to the downward trend in total registered crime. In 2011 about 8 percent fewer crimes were registered than 5years earlier.
20.1
Total
Halt-scheme for young oenders, ethnic origin and sex (%) 2005 1.6 2.3 2.1 3.2 2.7 3.5 0.7 0.6 1.2 1.0 1.3 2010 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.9 2.3 3.2 0.8 0.6 1.4 1.1 1.5 2011* 1.4 2.0 1.8 2.7 2.3 2.9 0.8 0.6 1.3 1.1 1.4
All boys Native Dutch Foreign background Western background Non-western background All girls Native Dutch Foreign background Western background Non-western background Source: Statistics Netherlands/Halt.
20.2
Crimes recorded by police and military police (x 1,000) 2005 2010 1,194 704 2011 1,194 710
Crimes, total Property oences of wich theft and burglary with the use of violence theft and burglary without violence Property destruction and public order Violent and sexual crimes Other crimes in the Penal Code Trac crimes Drug related crimes Crimes against the Weapons en Ammunition Act Crimes in other laws
1,348 792
16 742 231 123 10 161 19 6 6
16 646 184 113 11 154 17 6 5
15 654 181 112 11 152 17 7 4
20.3
Crime suspects by ethnic origin and generation, 12 years and older (%) 2009 2010 1.2 0.9 2.5 2.2 1.2 2.9 2.8 1.3 5.2 2011* 1.1 0.9 2.2 2.0 1.1 2.6 2.6 1.2 4.6
Total population Native Dutch Foreign background 1st generation western non-western 2nd generation western non-western Source: Statistics Netherlands/KLPD.
1.5 1.2 2.9 2.9 1.3 3.8 3.0 1.6 6.0
20.4
Fines imposed for trac oences (x 1,000) 2010 2011 8,981 178 820 7,316 667 748 60 32 88 567 2012 9,160 185 692 7,539 744 501 39 24 61 376
Based on vehicle registration failing to stop for a red light parking oences speeding other Stopped by the police failing to stop for a red light parking oences speeding other
9,843 225 867 8,175 576 1,130 91 44 128 866
Source: Ministry of Justice, Collector's department.
20.5
Criminal cases settled by public prosecutors' oce or convicted by district courts(x 1,000) 2005 2010 42.3 26.4 12.7 6.1 5.6 5.0 2.7 8.2 95.8 64.8 31.6 11.6 18.4 17.6 6.5 6.9 2011 33.0 21.2 10.4 4.8 4.5 3.0 2.7 6.1 91.4 65.6 32.8 11.0 18.5 12.7 6.3 6.8
Total transactions Crimes in the Penal Code property oences property destruction and public order violent and sexual crimes Trac crimes Drug related crimes Crimes in other laws Total guilty verdicts Crimes in the Penal Code property oences property destruction and public order violent and sexual crimes Trac crimes Drug related crimes Crimes in other laws
76.1 40.1 16.7 11.3 9.5 11.5 3.3 21.1 124.4 78.1 38.9 15.0 21.3 27.9 8.5 9.9
20.6
Penalties imposed by a judge at first instance (x 1,000) 2005 2010 135.0 105.7 37.8 30.4 2.1 35.1 13.0 10.5 15.9 2011 127.4 100.3 32.5 31.4 1.9 34.3 10.0 8.1 16.9
Total (incl. unknown) Main penalty of which fine prison sentence youth detention community service Secondary penalties of wich driving licence suspended Measures
185.9 142.6 54.4 43.9 5.6 38.4 21.6 18.3 21.0
20.7
Children placed under supervision order and under guardianship (x 1,000) 2010 2011 2012
Supervision order Placed under supervision order during the year Removed from supervision order during the year Under supervision order on 31 December Guardianship (incl. asylum seekers) Placed under guardianship during the year Removed from guardianship during the year Under guardianship on 31 December of which unaccompanied underaged foreigners
10.2 9.5 32.6
10.6 10.8 32.1
10.6 11.7 30.6
2.6 2.0 9.5
2.4 2.1 10.0
2.1 1.7 10.1
2.6
2.3
2.0
Source: Statistics Netherlands and Ministry of Justice.
20.8
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
Ocial debt restructuring
x 1,000
98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12*
Pronounced
Ended
20.9
12
Bankruptcies, 19512012
x 1,000
10
0 '55 '60 '65 '70 '75 '80 '85 '90 '95 '00 '05 '10
20.10 Asylum requests in the Netherlands

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 '75 x 1,000
'80
'85
'90
'95
'00
'05
'10
From 2007: only the first asylum requests. Before 2007: the first and subsequent requests. Source: IND, processed by CBS.
20.11 Adopted children

1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 '57 '61 '65 '69 '73 '77 '81 '85 '89 '93 '97 '01 '05 '09 Children born in the Netherlands Children born abroad
20.12 Fire services in the Netherlands

2005 Total alarm calls (x 1,000) Fire alarms indoor fires fires outside chimney fires false alarms Requests for assistance buildings other than buildings false alarms 144 13 29 2 58 2010 152 16 24 2 61 2011 155 14 25 2 66
15 22 5
23 20 5
21 24 3
Direct financialdamage caused by fires (x million euros) total 735 649 of which 500,000 or more 320 362 Personnel (x 1,000) professional volunteer other Munixipal spending on fire services total (x million euros) average per capita
764 451
5 22 3
6 22 4
5 21 4
724 44
1,025 68
1,024 68
20.13 Spending on security and justice

2005 Total spending on security and justice (million euros) total spending on personnel total spending on material Per capita spending (euros) Spending (% of GDP) Activities in security prevention (million euros) detection sanctions Other activities Providers of security and justice police (million euros) security and investigation services National Agency of Correctional Institutions Other providers 2010 2011*
9,809 6,071 3,738 602 1.9
12,855 8,000 4,856 776 2.2
12,886 8,010 4,876 774 2.1
4,672 2,269 1,613 1,255
5,927 2,945 2,297 1,687
5,891 2,906 2,345 1,744
3,505 1,425 1,455 3,425
4,477 1,852 2,034 4,492
4,419 1,898 2,098 4,470
20.14 Quality of life in the neighbourhood, 2012

Living environment (% (fully) agree) Social cohesion () people hardly know each other people are pleasant pleasant, closely knit neighboorhood feels at home in this neighbourhood many contacts with neighbours satisfaction with neighbourhood composition Marks on neighbourhood quality (score (out of 10)) 24.0 69.0 42.9 60.4 37.0 68.8 7.4 % occurs sometimes 70.3 55.8 33.5 28.3 83.4 41.6 27.2 24.1 14.8 52.5 % 'occurs often 19.6 6.8 3.3 2.2 24.5 6.7 3.1 3.7 1.7 10.2
Problems in the neighbourhood Physical dog dirt dirty streets vandalism telephone boots, bus shelters vandalism on walls and buildings one or more forms of physical deterioration Social problems caused by groups of young people drunks in the street drug-related problems people harassed on the street one or more social problems Source: Veiligheidsmonitor 2012.
20.15 Crime victims by age, 2012 (%)

Total 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 45 yrs 45 to 65 yrs 65 yrs or older 5.1 0.8 0.7 3.0 0.9 12.3 0.9 0.2 0.5 0.0 8.4 2.4 1.3 0.3 1.7 0.4 2.2 1.9 4.8 2.6 2.2
Cyber crime total Identity fraud Fraud in buying and selling Hacking Cyber bullying Traditional crime victims total Violent crime sexual oence assault threat Property crime total attempts and break-in bicycle theft car theft theft out of car theft from other vehicles attempt and pickpocketing other theft Vandalism total vandalising cars other vandalism
12.1 1.5 2.9 6.0 3.1 19.8 2.6 0.9 1.6 0.1 13.2 2.9 3.7 0.2 2.6 0.7 2.3 3.8 7.7 4.9 2.8
19.5 0.9 4.3 9.2 8.0 26.2 5.3 2.5 2.5 0.2 18.5 3.1 8.3 0.1 1.3 0.8 4.4 4.9 7.5 5.0 2.5
14.9 1.9 4.2 7.4 3.1 22.2 2.8 0.9 1.9 0.1 14.4 2.9 4.1 0.2 3.4 0.7 2.0 4.1 9.0 6.1 2.9
10.0 1.8 2.4 4.9 2.1 19.1 2.1 0.5 1.5 0.0 12.4 3.2 2.5 0.2 2.8 0.7 1.6 4.1 8.1 5.0 3.1
Bankruptcies
2000
2012
= 1,000 bankruptcies
20.16 Feeling unsafe due to crime by age, 2012

Total 15 to 25 yrs 25 to 45 yrs 45 to 65 yrs 65 yrs or older
Feeling unsafe in the neighbourhood (%) sometimes feels unsafe in the neighbourhood often feels unsafe in the neighbourhood Feeling unsafe in town (% feeling unsafe (often'/'sometimes')) in entertainment district in places where young people hang out in city centre in shopping centre/area in public transport near railway station in town in the home Feeling unsafe in general (%) sometimes does not feel safe often does not feel safe
18.0 1.7
22.4 2.3
18.5 1.8
17.0 1.8
15.8 1.1
25.4 44.4 18.9 14.7 19.4 19.6 8.9
35.6 55.2 20.0 14.6 24.7 24.9 9.0
29.6 49.9 19.8 14.9 22.2 21.7 9.2
23.4 42.7 19.3 15.2 18.6 19.1 8.8
14.0 30.0 15.6 13.8 12.2 12.7 8.3
36.6 1.8
44.5 2.2
40.6 1.8
34.7 1.9
27.4 1.3
Probability of becoming a victim of (% (very) high) pickpocketing 3.9 street robbery 2.7 burglary 10.2 assault 2.4
5.3 3.3 10.7 3.4
3.9 2.7 11.7 2.4
3.5 2.7 10.4 2.4
3.5 2.5 7.1 1.6
21
Trade, hotels and restaurants
21. Trade, hotels and restaurants

Less turnover in retail In2012 retail saw its turnover decrease by 1percent compared to 2011. This is due to a volume decrease, whereas prices were higher than in 2011. Moreover non-food shops performed poorly, which accounted for much of the downturn in retail. Supermarkets managed to increase their turnover in the food, beverages and tobacco sector mainly due to the higher prices. Turnover in specialised food shops diminished even more. Mail order companies and internet shops performed considerably better than traditional shops and saw their turnover rise by 9percent, just like they had in2011. Petrol stations saw their turnover slide a bit despite much higher prices. Turnover growth slowing down for hotels and restaurants Hotels, restaurants and other catering realised a 1.5 percent turnover increase in 2012 compared to 2011, a year in which turnover rose by almost 5 percent. Growth was realised mainly during the first six months of 2012. The fourth quarter ended with a loss in turnover. Cafs and pubs performed less well than the other branches. Their turnover shrank, and their volume went down for the sixth year in a row. Restaurants had more success and saw their turnover increase by more than 3 percent whereas cafeterias and hotels saw an average growth rate in2012. Turnover of non-food diminishing further In2012 turnover in non-food shops was down 4percent on 2011. This was mainly due to a nearly 5percent decrease in volume. Prices were about one percent higher than the year before, partly because the VAT rate was raised from 19 to 21percent on 1October. Non-food did a lot less well than food stores, which saw their turnover rise. Hardest hit in non-food were the DIY shops and shops selling kitchens, floors, furniture and home furnishings, as consumers bought considerable less of these products. Shopkeepers selling recreational articles, clothes and consumer electronics also faced dips in turnover. Shops selling personal care products had more turnover than the year before. In2012 their turnover increased by 3percent, the largest turnover increase since 2003. In comparison to other non-food branches, personal care is less susceptible to economic fluctuations.
21.1
Total
Labour volume of employed persons (1,000 FTE) 2010* 1,250 486 448 118 198 2011* 1,273 495 452 121 205
Retail trade (not in motor vehicles) Wholesale trade (not in motor vehicles) Sale and repair of motor vehicles Hotels, restaurants, etc
21.2
Employed persons 2010* total 2011* of total whom: women of whom: women
x 1 000 % Total Retail trade (not in motor vehicles) Wholesale trade (not in motor vehicles) Sale and repair of motor vehicles Hotels, restaurants, etc 1,738 772 509 139 318 46 59 31 19 50
x 1 000 % 1,770 787 513 142 328 45 58 30 18 50
21.3
Companies by size, employed persons, 1 January 2012*
Hotels, restaurants, etc
Wholesale trade (not in motor vehicles)
Sale and repair of motor vehicles Retail trade (not in motor vehicles) 0 20 40 60 80 100 % 1 to 5 employed persons 5 to 10 employed persons 10 to 100 employed persons 100 or more employed persons
21.4
8 6 4 2 0 2 4
Retail turnover
year-on-year % changes
6 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012*
21.5
Total price volume
Retail turnover (year-on-year % changes) 2010 0.3 1.4 1.1 1.1 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.0 1.5 4.4 10.9 5.9 14.6 2011 1.0 2.6 1.6 1.6 2.1 0.5 0.9 1.1 2.0 7.3 10.2 2.6 4.6 2012* 1.0 2.3 3.2 2.3 2.2 0.1 3.8 1.1 4.9 1.2 6.8 7.4 9.0
Shops selling food price volume Non-food shops price volume Petrol stations price volume Online retail
21.6
Total
Turnover in food (year-on-year % changes) 2010 1.1 1.8 3.8 1.0 2011 1.6 2.3 2.2 0.6 2012* 2.3 3.0 2.4 0.5
Supermarkets etc. Specialized shops selling food, beverages and tobacco of which selling beverages
21.7
Total
Turnover in non-food (year-on-year % changes) 2010 1.5 2012* 3.8
of which DIY shops of which builder's merchants outerwear consumer electronics drugstores household goods furnishings, furniture textile supermarkets
4.1 4.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 3.0 4.3 0.8
6.6 6.0 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.0 7.7 2.4
21.8
Total
Wholesale turnover (year-on-year % changes) 2010 8.8 2011 7.2 2012* 1.2
of which agricultural products and live animals food and beverages consumer goods (no food) other specialised wholesale ICT equipment other machinery
8.5 4.9 4.8 15.3 14.8 4.3
11.6 1.4 3.9 14.1 2.4 9.1
11.6 4.8 0.2 5.4 6.5 2.3
Entire motorcycle and car sector faces losses Turnover in the motorcycle and car sector fell by over 5 percent in 2012 compared to 2011. Commercial vehicles faced the heaviest loss of turnover. It came to 15 percent in 2012, while this sector had seen and 18percent turnover increase the year before. Turnover also fell in the other sectors, except for importers of cars and light commercial vehicles. They managed a 0.5 percent rise in turnover. Turnover in the trade and repair of motorcycles fell for the second year in a row. In 2012 it was by more than 5 percent, and in 2011 it was down by over 6 percent on 2010.
21.9
Turnover in the car and motorcycle trade (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 7.1 12.7 2.9 17.9 1.6 11.7 6.5 2012* 5.1 0.5 5.7 15.4 4.0 5.9 5.1
Total Imports of new passenger cars Sale of passenger cars, no import Sale and repair of trucks, trailers Specialized repair of motorvehicles Sale of motor vehicle parts Sale and repairs of motorcycles
8.7 19.4 6.0 7.7 1.7 18.1 0.5
Number of companies
Sale and repair of motor vehicles Wholsale trade (not in motor vehicles) Retail trade (not in motor vehicles)
= 10,000 = 10,000 = 10,000
21.10 Turnover in hotels, restaurants etc.

6 4 2 0 2 4 6 8 10 2005 2006 2007 Value 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012* year-on-year % changes
Volume
21.11 Turnover, price and volume in hotels and restaurants (year-on-year

% changes) 2010 Turnover Hotels, restaurants, pubs etc. pubs etc. cafeterias, lunchrooms, snack bars hotels, boarding houses, conference venues restaurants Price Hotels, restaurants, pubs etc. of which pubs etc. cafeterias, lunchrooms, snack bars restaurants Volume Hotels, restaurants, pubs etc. of which pubs etc. cafeterias, lunchrooms, snack bars restaurants 2011 2012*
0.9 0.5 0.1 2.3 4.3
4.9 1.9 7.8 4.6 5.1
1.5 1.6 1.8 1.5 3.1
2.0 2.9 2.1 1.8
2.6 3.0 3.1 2.5
1.8 2.4 2.4 1.9
2.9 3.4 2.0 6.0
2.2 1.1 4.6 2.6
0.3 3.9 0.6 1.2
22
Traffic and transport
22. Traffic and transport

Transport sector ends 2012 on a positive note Turnover in the transport sector grew by 3 percent in 2012, slowing only in a few branches. There was a sharp rise in the number of bankruptcies. Positive performers in transport Turnover in shipping by sea improved by 10 percent in 2012, partly due to higher rates. By carrying more passengers, air transport companies realised an 8 percent turnover increase. Cargo transport fell slightly. Couriers benefitted from greater online sales, which meant more cargo supply. As a result they achieved a turnover increase of more than 4percent in 2012. Sales boost of energy efficient cars Nearly 556 thousand new cars were sold in 2011, 15 percent more than in 2010. The growth comes from cars exempt from BPM, the Dutch tax on new cars and motorcycles. These saw a boost of nearly 75 percent, whereas the sales of non-exempt cars fell by 4 percent. Since the introduction of the BPM exemption, energy efficient cars gained a great deal of popularity. The sale of diesel cars exempt from BPM surged, as nearly 70 thousand were sold in 2011, compared to just 65 in 2009. In all, more than a third of the BPM exempt cars sold was a diesel. Growing competition from Eastern European lorry drivers Lorries from Eastern Europe carry more and more goods to and from the Netherlands. Their share rose from 8 percent in 2007 to 12.5 percent in 2011. The weight they carried increased by more than a third. Polish transporters, who have a 15 percent share, saw 4 percentage point share increase between 2007 and 2011. Other Eastern European countries also claimed a greater role in international road transport to and from the Netherlands. After Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia are the main Eastern European haulers. Bulgaria, which hardly transported any goods to and from the Netherlands when it joined the EU in 2007, saw the largest relative growth of all Eastern European transporters.
22.1
Means of transport, 1 January 2010 2011 9,452 7,736 636 1,080 11 861 65 71 71 2,785 463 96 2,226 67 251 466 744 698 2012 9,572 7,859 647 1,066 11 850 64 71 70 2,779 462 91 2,226 53 256 502 737 678
Motor vehicles (x 1.000) cars motorcycles commercial vehicles buses vans special purpose vehicles tractors heavy goods vehicles Air fleet (abs.) hot air balloons helicopters winged aircraft turboprop engines jet engines ultra lights piston engines gliders Source: RDW/Statistics Netherlands.
9,340 7,622 623 1,094 12 872 65 72 73 2,796 469 94 2,233 77 256 442 755 703
Hybrid cars
2007 2012
= 5,000
22.2
Total
Sales of new motor vehicles 2010 555,179 483,168 12,230 684 49,610 467 4,827 4,193 2011 638,574 555,777 10,857 640 58,655 444 7,829 4,372 2012 581,737 502,445 9,950 784 56,554 393 7,716 3,895
Cars Motorcycles Buses Vans Special purpose vehicles Tractors Heavy goods vehicles
Source: RDC Datacentrum/Statistics Netherlands.
22.3
Total
Trac index outside the built-up area (2000=100) 2010 111 2011 * 112
By type of road National trunk roads Provincial trunk roads By part of the country National trunk roads North East West South
113 104
114 107
123 120 107 115
126 121 107 119
22.4
Total
Annual kilometres driven per car (1,000 km) 2010* 13.3 11.8 10.2 20.6 16.6 24.9 18.6 31.3 27.9 2011* 13.3 11.8 10.2 20.4 15.9 24.3 18.7 29.8 27.0
Privately owned petrol diesel other fuel Commercially owned petrol diesel other fuel
22.5
Total
Dismantled, exported and deregistered cars (x 1,000) 2010 516.8 426.5 229.6 193.1 3.7 90.4 16.2 71.3 2.8 2011 612.2 513.7 235.9 273.9 3.8 98.5 15.2 80.3 3.1
Cars dismantled exports deregistered Commercial vehicles dismantled exports deregistered
Residents of South Holland province live closest to hospitals On average Dutch people lived 6.5 kilometres from the nearest hospital in 2012. South Holland residents lived closest at 4.7 kilometres while Friesland residents lived furthest at 10.9 kilometres on average. In some areas people just have a few hundred metres to cover, whereas for instance, people on Terschelling and Vlieland live over 50kilometres from the nearest Dutch hospital on the mainland. Residents of Hemelum in Sdwest-Frysln also have to travel more than 33kilometres to the nearest hospital in Sneek.
22.6
Distance to the nearest Dutch hospital (2012)
Less than 3 km 3 to 6 km 6 to 12 km 12 to 18 km More than 18 km
Source: CBS.
22.7
Total
Kilometres driven by Dutch motor vehicles (million km) 2010* 141,148 122,960 99,170 16,682 2,426 4,048 633 18,189 14,067 695 620 2,707 100 2011* 143,617 125,123 101,317 16,690 2,393 4,093 630 18,494 14,371 695 600 2,732 96
In the Netherlands cars vans heavy goods vehicles truck trailers buses Abroad cars vans heavy goods vehicles truck trailers buses
22.8
Trac movements (x 1,000) 2010 2011
Sea vessels of which Amsterdam Delfzl and Eemshaven IJmuiden Moerdk Rotterdam Terneuzen Vlaardingen Flushing Flight movements Eindhoven Groningen Maastricht Rotterdam Schiphol other Air passengers Eindhoven Groningen Maastricht Rotterdam Schiphol
89.8 11.0 2.4 2.2 3.3 49.7 4.4 2.9 6.4 547 19 13 15 29 397 73 48,592 2,183 123 227 923 45,137 583 23 13 11 29 432 75 53,868 2,664 114 334 1,075 49,681
22.9
Infrastructure, 1 January (length in kilometres) 2010 2011 137,692 124,707 7,863 5,121 2,651 6,219 2,689 823 806 695 590 442 3,013 922 2,091 2012 139,295 126,373 7,802 5,120 2,658 6,237 2,687 823 806 695 590 446 3,013 922 2,091
Road network municipal roads provincial trunk roads national trunk roads of which divided highway Waterways of which canals rivers, canalised lake areas shipping channels in ports rivers, canalised shipping channels in ports Railway network single track double track or more Source: DVS, TDK, ProRail.
137,347 124,377 7,861 5,109 2,646 6,220 2,686 823 807 695 590 442 3,013 922 2,091
22.10 Fish landings in Dutch sea ports in cold storage and freezer
containers
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
x 1,000
2009 Normal fish
2010
2011
2012
Squid, shell fish and crustaceans
More landings of cold-stored and deep-frozen fish in containers Since the start of 2009 the monthly landings of fish, crustaceans and shellfish in containers increased. Arrivals rose from an average 2.7 to 3,4 tousand container a month. October 2012 saw a record high of 111thousand tonnes. These reefers, as containers for cold storage and deep frozen products are called, mainly contained normal fish. The monthly volume they carried rose by 43 percent from 46 to 66 thousand tonnes. At the same time the average weight a normal fish container carried increased by 6percent as well, to 24,7 tonnes. The landings of squid, crustaceans (crab, lobster) and shellfish (mussels, scallops and oysters) remained at 16 to 17 thousand tonnes. Their containers hardly increased in weight and do not exceed 23 tonnes.
22.11 Goods transport (million tonnes)

2010 Total road transport maritime shipping inland shipping pipeline transport rail transport air transport Domestic road transport inland shipping rail transport International bilateral maritime shipping inland shipping road transport pipeline transport rail transport air transport Unloaded in the Netherlands maritime shipping road transport inland shipping pipeline transport rail transport air transport 2011
700 568 304* 106 36 2 x 504 93* x
694* 344 98 39 2 x 497* 105 x
568 170* 165 106 29 2
194 167* 98 32 2
402 78 67* 13 8 1
80* 66 10 8 1
22.11 Goods transport (million tonnes) (end)

2010 Loaded in the Netherlands maritime shipping inland shipping road transport pipeline transport rail transport air transport Via the Netherlands inland shipping rail transport Exclusively abroad road transport 2011
166 103* 87 94 21 1
128 87* 87 23 1
42* x
45 x
30
29*
Slower growth in logistics turnover The providers of logistics services, such as road haulage, shipping agents and storage companies, generated more turnover in 2012 than they had in 2011, although the growth rate was slower. The continued stagnation in the construction sector and the cut in domestic spending put domestic freight hauling under pressure. In 2012 as a whole turnover rose by 1 percent. Turnover in road haulage suffered from a drop in the supply of freight and the slowdown in international trade. Although prices went up slightly, turnover in 2012 was lower. Shipping agents, including many haulers, realised 3 percent turnover growth in 2012. In the fourth quarter of 2012 activities were hampered by lower freight volumes. Storage companies reported the same turnover in the fourth quarter of 2012 as the year before, but for 2012 as a whole turnover shrank slightly.
22.12 Turnover of transport companies, (year-on-year % changes)

2010 Transport and storage (total) of which land transport of which rail transport (no tram) passenger transport by road of which transport by taxi other passenger transport by road freight transport by road of which freight road transport (no removals) removals water transport of which sea and coastal water transport inland water transport air transport warehousing, services for transport of which storage services activities for transport of which services activities for land transport services activities for water transport services activities for air transport cargo handling intermediaries in transport activities postal and courier activities of which loal postal and courier activities 2.6 2011 4.3 2012* 2.8
2.3 0.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 2.7
4.1 1.9 1.8 0.9 2.5 4.9
1.1 1.7 1.1 2.0 0.5 0.9
3.0 5.9 5.0 7.9 2.2 6.8 5.6 2.4 6.2
5.0 0.7 3.5 0.1 11.7 6.0 5.3 5.0 5.4
1.0 2.1 4.4 9.8 6.9 8.1 2.6 1.2 3.3
1.5 5.0 0.2 5.7 7.6 4.8 2.4
6.2 4.2 9.1 2.0 5.8 1.2 5.3
3.7 2.2 2.7 3.8 3.3 0.4 4.4
Index
A Accommodation Adoption Advertising Adult education Africa Agriculture Air eet Air passengers Air pollution Air transport Alcohol America Amphibians Apples Architects Asia Asylum Australia Aviation B Bachelor Balance sheet Bankruptcies Banks Bats Belgium Benets Biomass Birds Births Bonds Breastfed babies Building permits Buildings Buses Business services Businesses Butteries C Cadmium Camp sites 17, 19, 20, 63, 64, 141, 142 190 63, 71, 73, 195, 201 55, 56 115, 116, 177, 188, 189 29, 31, 32, 37, 61, 62, 64, 84, 122, 123, 130132, 152155, 169, 172 226 229 169, 170 62, 225, 231233 91 115, 116, 188, 189 173 34 49, 63, 71, 73, 195 115, 116, 177, 188, 189 177, 209, 210 115, 116, 189 74, 164
28, 55, 128, 129 58, 65, 74, 162, 163 210, 213, 225 73, 156 173 115, 116, 139, 140, 183, 197 79, 81, 83, 103, 104, 121, 132135, 168 159, 164 173, 174 1113, 177, 179, 181184, 191 74, 83, 85, 156 92 46, 85 47, 49, 62, 155, 211, 212 226, 229 61, 63, 64, 69, 7173, 76, 113, 118, 121123, 130132, 152, 153, 155, 195 61 167, 168, 173
170, 171 142

Canada Cancer Carbon dioxide Cardiovascular disease Care Cars Cattle Causes of death Causes of death Chickens China Chromium Chronic conditions Civil engineering Cleaning Cold storage Collectively agreed wages Commercial vehicles Community charge Companies
Computers Construction
Condence Consumer condence Consumer credit Consumer price index Consumption Containers Contraceptive pill Copper Country of birth Courts Cows Credit institutions Crime Crime suspects Crime victims Criminal cases Crisis Crops Crude oil Culture
189 89, 90, 9496 167 95 26, 53, 63, 64, 79, 83, 89, 9799, 109, 110, 122, 130132, 147, 152, 153, 196, 217 62, 82, 86, 147, 195, 213, 221, 225227, 229 31, 35, 36, 38, 167, 173 96 96 35, 36, 38 115, 116, 188, 189 170, 171 90 43, 47, 62, 147, 155 195, 201 230, 231 131 221, 226, 227 85 47, 53, 57, 61, 63, 66, 67, 71, 73, 74, 89, 130132, 147, 156, 168, 200, 217, 218, 221, 225, 232, 233 63, 139, 147 41, 43, 4749, 61, 62, 64, 118, 121123, 130132, 147, 152, 153, 156, 160, 172, 232 12, 13, 154, 159, 161 12, 13, 154 156 148 81, 93, 147150, 154, 155, 159, 163, 164, 196 230, 231 92 170, 171 183, 188 208 33 75 205, 207, 213, 214 207 213 208 9, 1113, 43, 71, 147, 167, 177 31, 32, 38 154, 155, 195 26, 64, 82, 86, 122, 123, 130132, 137, 139, 152, 153, 196
236 Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek
D Dairy Deaths Debt Demographic burden Dentist Deposits Disability Diseases Dismantled Disposable income Disposable national income District courts Dividend Dividend tax Divorces Duties on building permits Dwellings E Economic affairs Economic growth Economic independence Education Educational institutions Education level Eggs Electricity Emigration Employed labour force Employees Employment EMU-debt EMU-decit Energy Energy balance Energy companies Energy consumption Energy use Enterprises Environment Environmental control Environmental protection Environmental taxes
33, 35, 36 13, 89, 95, 96, 177, 179, 184, 191 65, 7981, 8385, 107, 109, 148, 156, 209 178, 191 93 74 82 35, 90, 94, 96 227 43, 148 148, 150 208 82, 147, 156 82 12, 186 85 18, 19, 43, 44, 46, 155
82, 84, 86 148, 151 108 23, 2528, 51, 5358, 61, 63, 64, 66, 82, 84, 86, 109, 122, 123, 128132, 196 54, 55, 57, 58 56 36, 199 62, 64, 107, 152, 153, 159, 162164 13, 177, 179, 188, 191 125, 126, 129, 148 66, 81, 98, 103, 121123, 125, 129131, 135, 148, 149, 152, 162, 168 63, 73, 76, 84, 104, 121, 122, 129, 151, 201 81 81 61, 64, 82, 86, 122, 123, 130132, 157, 159, 162164, 167, 171, 196, 200, 225 162 200 159, 163 162, 167 37, 59, 61, 62, 64, 65, 72, 74, 148 84, 86, 165, 167, 168, 212 85 82 82
Equity Ethnic origin EU countries European Union Excise duties Expenditure Exports
65, 150 179, 206, 207 113, 179, 188, 189 113116, 118, 197 82 66, 81, 82, 8486, 97, 148151, 196 113116, 118, 147, 149, 155, 160, 162164, 200, 227
F Family allowance Family size Farming Farms Fertility Financial institutions Financial services Fires Fishing Flight movements Fodder Food Food shops Foreigners Fruit Functional limitations G Gas Germany GDP GP Glasshouses Goats Goods transport Government debt Government spending Graduates Grass land Green burden Grey burden Guardianship H Health Health insurance
133 12 31, 38, 167, 168 31, 35, 37, 38 12, 13, 181, 191 63, 122, 130, 152, 153, 156 61, 63, 118, 122, 123, 131, 132, 156 205, 211 62, 122, 123, 152155 229 3133, 38 6264, 84, 109, 114, 115, 154, 155, 160, 162, 167, 171, 195, 196, 200, 217, 219, 220 217 209 32, 172 90
62, 64, 79, 107, 147, 152155, 159, 162, 164, 167, 195, 200 113, 115, 116, 139, 140, 159, 183, 188, 197 57, 66, 79, 81, 83, 97, 147, 148, 212 89, 93, 99 49 31, 35, 36, 38, 173 231 79, 80, 83, 148 79, 83, 85 54, 55 31, 32, 38 178, 191 178, 191 209
20, 26, 28, 63, 71, 79, 82, 84, 86, 87, 89, 90, 92, 9799, 122, 123, 130132, 143, 196 71, 79, 89, 99
Healthy life expectancy Higher education Holiday parks Holidays Homes Horticulture Hospital Hotels Household income Household spending Household waste Households House prices House value Housing Housing market Housing situation Hydro power I ICT Immigrants Immigration Imports Incapacity benets Income Income support Income tax Indonesia Industrial waste Infant mortality Ination rate Information Infrastructure Inland shipping Innovation Institutional investors Insurance Interest Internal migration International trade Internet Investments IT services
92 2528, 53, 55, 57, 58, 66 142 139, 140 17, 18, 21, 43, 44, 46, 86, 195, 205 31, 32, 37, 38 89, 9294, 97, 99, 228 61, 64, 122, 123, 130132, 139, 142, 152, 153, 196, 215, 217, 218, 222 104, 105 109 172 1721, 43, 57, 85, 89, 103, 104, 106, 107, 110, 154, 155, 180, 181, 196 21, 4345, 86 45 1720, 41, 43, 58, 82, 8486, 147, 196, 1720, 43 18, 20 164
143, 220 177 13, 177, 179, 188, 191 113116, 118, 147, 149, 154, 162164, 221 132, 133 43, 75, 79, 82, 83, 86, 89, 99, 101, 103110, 121, 132135, 148150, 196 103, 104, 121, 132135 79, 82 179, 183, 189 171 184 121, 195, 197 63, 64, 73, 118, 122, 123, 130132, 143, 152, 153 84, 230 231, 232 84 73 63, 71, 73, 74, 79, 82, 89, 99, 118, 156 21, 65, 75, 85, 103, 156 187 111, 113, 232 43, 139, 143, 144, 205, 217 73, 79, 81, 147 195, 201
J Job vacancies Jobs Justice L Labour Labour force Labour participation Labour productivity Lead Libraries Life expectancy Live births Livestock Loans Lotteries Low income households M Mammals Mammogram Manufacture Manufacturing industry Manufacturing turnover Manure Marriage dissolution Marriages Master Means of transport Meat production Medical consumption Mental health care Mercury Migration Mineral extraction Minerals Mining Ministry Moroccan Morocco Mortality Mortgages Motor fuels Motor vehicles Motorcycles Multiple births Municipalities
123 81, 98, 103, 121123, 125, 148 84, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212
31, 37, 81, 82, 105, 119, 121, 124129, 133, 148, 152, 153, 196, 218 121, 124126, 128, 129, 148 126, 127 153 26, 85, 170, 171 63, 141 92, 184, 191 177, 181184, 191 35, 38, 49, 173 74, 83 63, 82 106
173 92 62, 162 132, 156 160 167, 173 186 11, 12, 185, 187 28, 128, 129 147, 226 36 93 89, 9799 170, 171 13, 148, 177, 187, 188, 191 130132, 156, 171, 200 154, 155, 171 62, 64, 152, 153 84, 207, 209 127129, 190 106, 179, 183, 188, 189 177, 184 74 164 62, 64, 71, 74, 218, 226, 229 64, 82, 221, 225, 226 183 19, 85, 86
Municipal waste Museums Music N National income Nationality Native Dutch Natural gas Nature New construction Newspapers Nitrogen Noise Non-nancial enterprises Non-food shops Non-life insurance Non-residential buildings O Oceania Overweight Oil Old age pension Overnight accommodation Overweight P Parking fees Partnership registrations Participation rate Passengers Patients Pears Pension funds Pensions Personal income Petrol Petroleum PhD Physiotherapist Pigs Pipelines Plants Poland Police Pollution
172 63 63, 143
148, 150 190 89, 99, 127129, 132, 136, 144, 179, 206, 207 79, 147, 159, 162, 164, 167, 200 2628, 84, 85, 165, 167, 168 47 143 167, 170, 171, 173 169 65 217, 219 71, 74 155
115, 116, 188, 189 91 62, 154, 155, 159, 160, 162, 164, 195, 199, 200 133 142 91
85 185 25, 28 225, 229 89, 94 34 73, 75, 150 75, 79, 103, 136, 196 104 198, 217, 219, 227 62, 154, 155, 200 128, 129 93 31, 35, 36, 38, 173 201 32 189, 225 205207, 212 85, 169171
Population
Population forecast Ports Potatoes Premiums Price indices Prices
Primary education Producer condence Producer price index Provinces Public health Public transport Publishing Pupils Purchasing power Q Quality of life R Rail transport Railway network Receivables Recreation Religion Removals Renewable energy Repair Reptiles Research and development Residential and non-residential construction Retail trade Retirement age Return on investment Revenues Road network Road transport S Safety Savings Secondary education
13, 14, 56, 61, 89, 99, 103, 124, 127, 128, 132, 140, 148, 167, 168, 175, 177179, 187, 189, 191, 205, 207 191 230 32, 33, 199 75, 79 48 21, 38, 4346, 86, 113, 149, 150, 152, 153, 159, 164, 193, 195, 196, 198, 200, 217, 232 53, 54, 5658, 128, 129 159, 161 201 8486, 135 86 214 63, 160, 200 54 103, 105
212
231233 230 58, 65, 75 63, 82, 85, 86, 109, 122, 123, 130132, 152, 153, 196 82 233 162, 164 6264, 218, 221 173 63, 66 43 62, 64, 123, 130132, 218 121 75 79, 80, 82, 98 230 225, 231233
82 73, 74, 84, 107, 109, 148, 156 25, 53, 54, 57, 58, 128, 129
Sector Securities Security Segregation Self-employed Senior secondary vocational education Service price index Services
28, 43, 67, 71, 124, 131, 132, 147, 156, 160, 217, 221, 225, 232 58, 74, 75 63, 73, 81, 84, 85, 119, 121, 148, 201, 203, 205, 212 2527 103, 104, 122, 129, 133 55 201 6164, 69, 7173, 76, 81, 82, 86, 113, 118, 121123, 130132, 143, 149, 152156, 195, 196, 198, 199, 201, 205, 211, 212, 232, 233 170 62, 64, 85 31, 35, 36, 38, 173 164, 225, 230232 135 103 91 81 11 139, 143 82 81, 119, 121, 148 164 139, 140, 197 54 53, 57, 79, 83, 85, 97, 101, 103, 109, 140, 173, 211, 212, 232 63, 84 53, 56 182 26, 27, 5355, 104 26 89 106, 179, 183, 188, 189 127129, 190
Sewage treatment Sewerage Sheep Shipping Sickness absence Single parent families Smoking Social benets Social behaviour Social media Social protection Social security Solar power Spain Special schools Spending Sports Starter Stillbirths Students Study prole Suicides Suriname Surinamese T Taxes Technology Temporary employment Tourists Trade
Trade balance
65, 79, 81, 82, 85, 86, 108, 149, 196 2628 73, 76 139 62, 64, 111, 113, 114, 117, 118, 122, 123, 130132, 152, 153, 156, 201, 215, 217, 218, 221, 232 113, 114, 117, 118
Trade surplus Trafc Transport
Transport equipment Transport services Travel Truck Turnover Turkey Turkish TV U Underweight Unemployment United Kingdom United States University V Vacancies Value added Value added tax Vans Vegetables Vocational education W Wage costs Wage tax Wages Waste Water Water pollution Water purication Waterways Websites Wedding anniversaries Weight Welfare Wholesale trade Wind energy
113, 117 85, 86, 89, 96, 164, 167, 169, 206208, 223, 225, 227, 229 53, 62, 64, 71, 74, 8486, 109, 113115, 118, 122, 123, 130132, 147, 152156, 159, 160, 162, 164, 167, 195, 196, 198, 200, 201, 214, 223, 225, 226, 231233 114, 115, 154, 155, 159, 160, 162, 200 113, 118 63, 71, 73, 113, 118, 143, 195, 228 229 43, 47, 48, 65, 71, 159, 160, 217, 219222, 225, 232, 233 106, 140, 179, 183, 188, 189 127129 63
91 11, 79, 82, 103, 104, 121, 128, 132135 115, 116, 183, 188 115, 116, 140, 189 2628, 5456
121, 123 65, 82, 149, 152, 167 82 226, 229 32 26, 53, 55
132 82 65, 121, 130, 131, 149 62, 64, 152, 153, 162, 167, 171, 172, 200 62, 64, 8486, 107, 130132, 152, 153, 170, 171, 173, 195, 196, 199201, 233 85, 171 170 86, 230 61, 143 185 91, 92, 199, 225, 231 84, 85, 87, 89, 97, 131, 132 62, 218 164
Workers Working hours WOZ Y Youth
37, 133 129 43, 45
84, 142, 208

Statistical Yearbook of The Netherlands 2013

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Statistical Yearbook of The Netherlands 2013

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Statistical yearbook 2013

Education 51 Enterprises Financial and business services 59 69

Statistical yearbook 2013 5

Director General of Statistics, G. van der Veen

The Hague/Heerlen, June 2013

Statistical yearbook 2013 7

The crisis and the family

1980 Marriages (left axis)

Consumer confidence ( right axis)

Both are corrected for accidental fluctuations.

Statistical yearbook 2012 11

Births, deviation from fertility trend and consumer confidence

1980 Fertility (left axis)

Consumer confidence (two years earlier) (right axis)

Moving less, desiring more

People moving house

Statistical yearbook 2013 17

Housing market position and moves

2012 From abroad From rental accommodation

Starter Semi-starter From own home

Household position and moves

Moves by ownership and price

2009 2012 From own home Buy mid Buy high

2012 2012 From rented accommodation Rent low Rent high

Statistical yearbook 2013 21

Changing choices in education

Segregation index in vmbo and mbo

0 1990/ 1993/ '91 '94 Vmbo

1996/ 1999/ '97 '00 Mbo

Statistical yearbook 2013 25

Segregation index in secondary general and higher education

0 1990/ 1993/ '91 '94 Havo 4-5

1996/ 1999/ '97 '00 Vwo 5-6

2002/ 2005/ '03 '06 Hbo

2008/ 2011/ '09 '12* Wo 4-5

Women in maths, science and technology 2000/'01 2005/'06 46 6 51 36 10 53 46 19 47 13 7 53 12 52 20 2011/'12* 47 8 51 43 24 53 48 38 47 17 8 52 17 53 26

Statistical yearbook 2013 31

3,546 1,452 1,845 5,280 1,252 204 8 10 1,370 14 85 197 10,341 11

206 10 9 1,302 12 63 191 10,670 13

Statistical yearbook 2013 33

Livestock on farms, 1 April (1,000 animals) 2010 2011 2012

Dutch farm sizes

222 166 15 1,288 751

219 163 15 1,347 809

215 159 15 1,313 857

11,626 133 753 347 199 10.2

11,642 129 750 356 193 10.5

11,670 132 764 371 188 10.2

Farms and horticultural enterprises, number and size

170 141 96 46 28 212 148 64

Statistical yearbook 2013 37

Organic farming 2011 2012 1,448

10,257 1,870 118 35,173

10,109 1,932 127 36,263

49,405 20,008 25,160 57,487 1,832,940

51,382 19,760 26,277 60,458 2,212,109

Tomatoes, harvest and area 19472012*

4,000 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1,000 500

1950 Harvest (left axis)

Area (right axis)

Construction and housing

Statistical yearbook 2013 43

House prices (year-on-year % changes) 2010 2011 2012