2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

Present Perfect Continuous Tense

It is used to express an action which has started in past, still continuing and not completed so far. It is used to express a continued or ongoing action that started in past and is continued till now. In this tense, start time of action will always be given like - for a few days, for ten months, for 2 years, since Wednesday, since 2011, since September etc. If start time of action is not given in the sentence, then it does not come under Present Perfect Continuous Tense. 'Start time of action' is the main factor which differentiates between Present Continuous Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense. e.g. It is drizzling outsite - Present Continuous Tense. It has been drizzling outside since morning. - Present Perfect Continuous Tense. In the above example, only start time of action 'since morning' is the factor which is changing the tense of the sentence.

Aisay karya ya action jo bhootkaal main shuru ho, lagataar jari hai aur abhi tak purn nahi huay hai, kay liye Present Perfect Tense kay antargat aatay hai. Hindi main iski pehchaan hai vakya kay ant main raha hai, rahi hai, rahay hai ka prayog hota hai. Parantu aisay vakyo main karya shuru honay kay samay ka prayog jaroori hai. Vaha vakya jahan karya shuru honay ka vigat samay diya hua ho aur action lagataar chal raho ho aur vakya kay ant main raha hai, rahi hai, rahay hai ho, to vaha Present Perfect Continuous Tense hai. Agar vigat samay nahi diya hua hai to vaha vakya Present Continuous Tense hai. Vakya main karya shuru honay kay samay ka prayog hi Present Continuous aur Present Perfect Continuous tense main furk (difference) batata hai. jaisay - Bahar bundabandi ho rahi hai. - Present Continuous Tense. Bahar bundabandi subah sey ho rahi hai. Present Perfect Continuous Tense. (Is udaharan main karya shuru honay ka samay "subah sey" mukhya hai jo Tense ko badal raha hai.)

Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Positive

Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Positive Type of Sentence Positive Rule

Subject + Has/Have + been + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + For/Since + Time + Remaining + (.)

http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html

1/6

2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

In Present Perfect Continuous Tense, helping verb 'has been / have been' is used and 'Ing' is added with first form of Verb. For time 'Since or For' is used. Word Since is used when time mentioned in the sentence is certain and For is used when time mentioned in the sentence is not certain.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense main sahayak kriya 'has been / have been' ka prayog hota hai aur verb kee first form kay saath 'Ing' joda jata hai. Vakya main diye huay time kay liye 'Since ya For' ka prayog hota hai. Agar time nishchit hai to Since ka prayog kartay hai aur agar time anishchit hai to For ka prayog kartay hai. Use of 'For' and 'Since' "For" is applied before uncertain time:Five hours, two hours, an hour few days, four days, seven days two months, eight months One year, ten years for a long time "Since" is applied before certain time:3 O'clock, 10 O'clock, 5 PM, 4 AM. Monday, Saturday, Sunday March, June, December 2011, 2012, 2013 Since long. Yesterday, tomorrow, day after tomorrow Morning, Evening, Night, Noon, Afternoon. Birth, beginning, then, when

Present Perfect Continuous Tense Positive Person Ist person Ist Person -Plural 2nd Person 3rd Person Subject I We You

Main subah teen bajay sey kitab padh raha hoon. Since / For since since since since Time + Remaining 3 o'clock. 3 o'clock. 3 o'clock. 3 o'clock.
2/6

Has/Have Been + Verb(Ist Form) + Ing + Object have have have been studying book been studying book been studying book been studying book

He/She/It/Ram has

http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html

2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

Singular 3rd Person -Plural They/boys have been studying book since 3 o'clock.

Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Negative

Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Negative Type of Sentence Negative Rule

Subject + Has/Have + Not + been + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + For/Since + Time + Remaining + (.)

In Present Perfect Continuous Negative sentence, 'Not' is added between 'Has/Have' and 'Been'.

In Present Perfect Continuous Negative vakya, 'Not' ko 'Has/Have' aur 'Been' kay beech main lagatay hai. Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Negative Main do ghantay sey nadi main nahi tair raha hoon. Person Ist person Ist Person -Plural 2nd Person 3rd Person Singular 3rd Person Subject I We You Has/Have + Not have not have not have not Been + Verb(Ist Form) + Ing + Object been swimming in the river been swimming in the river been swimming in the river been swimming in the river been swimming in the river Since / For for for for for for Time + Remaining two hours. two hours. two hours. two hours. two hours.
3/6

He/She/It/Ram has not They/boys have not

http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html

2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

Plural

Present Perfect Continuous Tense - Interrogative and Interrogative & Negative

Present Perfect Continous Tense - Interrogative And Interrogative & Negative Type of Sentence Interrogative Interrogative & Negative Rule

Has/Have + Subject + been + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + For/Since + Time + Remaining + (?) Has/Have + Subject + Not + been + Verb (Ist form) + Ing + Object + For/Since + Time + Remaining + (?)

Present Perfect Continuous Interrogative sentence starts with 'Has/Have' and 'Been' remains just before the verb (first form + 'Ing'). Question Mark (?) is affixed at the end of sentence in place of Full Stop (.). In Interrogative and Negative Sentence, 'Not' is added just before 'Been'. 'Been' and 'verb' remains together.

Present Perfect Continuous Interrogative vakya 'Has'Have' sey shuru hotay hai aur 'Been' ko 'Verb kee first form + Ing' sey pehlay lagatay hai. Vakya kay ant main full stop (.) ki jagah prashnavachak chinh (?) lagatay hai. Iskay prashnavachak aur nakaratmak vakya main 'Not' ko 'Been' sey pehlay lagatay hai aur 'Been' verb kay saath rehta hai. Present Perfect Continuous Tense Interrogative Person Ist person Ist Person -Plural 2nd Person Has/Have Subject Have Have Have I we you Kya hum lambay samay sey school aa rahay hai? Been + Verb(Ist Form) + Ing + Object been coming to school been coming to school been coming to school Since / For for for since Time + Remaining a long time? a long time? last Monday?
4/6

http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html

2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

3rd Person Singular 3rd Person -Plural

Has Have

he/she/it/Ram been coming to school they/boys been coming to school

since since

last Monday? last Monday?

Present Perfect Continuous Tense Interrogative & Negative Person Ist person Ist Person -Plural 2nd Person 3rd Person -Singular 3rd Person -Plural Has/Have Have Have Have Has Have Subject I we you he/se/it/Ram they/boys

Kya main do bajay sey dance nahi kar raha hoon? Not + Been + Verb(Ist Form) + Ing + Object not been dancing not been dancing not been dancing not been dancing not been dancing Since / For since since since for for Time + Remaining 2 o'clock? 2 o'clock? 2 o'clock? fifteen minutes? fifteen minutes?

Examples

Sentence Vartika has been playing since morning. Uncle has been living in Delhi since the birth of his son.

Vakya Vartika subha sey khel rahi hai. Uncle apnay betay kay janam sey Delhi main rah rahey hai.

Have we not been reading this book since 6 Oclock Kya hum subah 6 bajay sey is pustak ko nahi padh rahay in the morning? hai?
http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html 5/6

2/6/2014

Present Perfect Continuous tense* Usage of Rules

It has been raining since night. He has been preparing for the examination for last two years. Have I been wasting my time for an hour? Has he been living in Bhopal for five years? He has been suffering from fever since Sunday. Seema has been waiting for her friend in garden for the last two hours.

Raat sey varsha ho rahi hai. Vaha pichhlay do salon sey pariksha ki tayyari kar raha hai. Kya main ek ghantay sey apna samay vyarth kar raha hoon? Kya vaha Bhopal main panch salon sey rah raha hai? Usay Ravivar sey bukhar aa raha hai. Seema park main apnay dost ka pichhlay do ghantay sey intejaar kar rahi hai.

Has your brother not dealing in sugar business since Kya tumhara bhai 2009 sey chhini ka vyapar nahi kar 2009? raha hai? Helicopter has been hovering over the city since 12 o'clock. Helicopter 12 bajay sey shahar par mandra rahay hai.

http://www.englishkitab.com/Essential_Grammar/Tenses/Present_Perfect_Continuous_Tense.html

6/6