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1. 2. 3. General Types and details of column splices Frame configuration and column splice positions 2 3 5
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1.
General
In many cases, economy may be achieved in column splices if they are not required to maintain the full stiffness (EIy and EIz) of the upper column section through the splice. There is a need to identify and explain how such column splices should be designed. It is also necessary to identify the type of frames and positions where such column splices may be used. For column splices not providing full continuity of stiffness, there are two basic types of column splices that may be used: bearing column splice and non-bearing column splice. For bearing column splices (see Section 2.1), considerable economy can be achieved by: Detailing the connection for compressive force to be transmitted by direct bearing between upper and lower column sections. A division plate is used when the columns are of different serial size (i.e. clear distance between the flanges is different). Only using the minimum number of bolts (non-preloaded in a Category A: Bearing type connection) and cover plates necessary to maintain alignment of the upper and lower sections and to resist any tension forces that may arise from consideration of robustness in an accidental loading condition. For non-bearing column splices (see Section 2.2), economy can be achieved by: Designing the cover plates and the bolt group for strength only, taking no account of the secondary effects or of the stiffness of the splice.
Created on Wednesday, March 27, 2013 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
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2.
2.1
Figure 2.1 presents typical details for a bearing column splice where the forces are transferred through direct bearing. Normally, it is considered good practice to have a minimum of four bolts for each half of a flange splice plate and a minimum of two bolts for each half of a web splice plate. The web splice plate may be single sided. Normally, non pre-loaded bolts in a Category A: Bearing type connection are used. A design procedure for bearing column splices is given in SN026.
1 A 1 A A 1
Created on Wednesday, March 27, 2013 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
(a)
(b)
(c)
Key 1 Packs (shaded where hidden behind web splice plates). 2 Division plate A Ends of members prepared for bearing; a good quality saw cut end is satisfactory (tolerances in accordance with EN 1090-2). Figure 2.1
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2.2
Figure 2.2 presents typical details for a non-bearing column splices where the forces are transferred through the splice plates and bolts. The web splice plates should normally be double sided. Opinions vary about the type of bolts to be used for such connections. If splices are placed as shown in Figure 3.1, then non-preloaded bolts in a Category A connection may be used. Where slip is unacceptable, then pre-loaded bolts in a Category B connection (Slip-resistant at serviceability limit state) or a Category C connection (Slip-resistant at ultimate limit state) should be used. A design procedure for non-bearing column splices is given in SN023.
G
Created on Wednesday, March 27, 2013 This material is copyright - all rights reserved. Use of this document is subject to the terms and conditions of the Access Steel Licence Agreement
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
Key: 1. Packs (shaded where hidden behind web splice plates) G Gap between column sections
Figure 2.2
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500 - 700 mm
Figure 3.1
Figure 3.1 shows a braced frame where the splices are located at a convenient distance for erection above floor beam level. In a braced frame, columns containing such splices will behave satisfactorily even if the connection effectively behaves as a pin. In practice, typical bearing and non-bearing column splices as given in Sections 2.1 and 2.2 will provide significant stiffness about both axes, although less than full stiffness. Column splices with less than full continuity of stiffness can also be used in other situations where it may be demonstrated that this local reduction in stiffness will not adversely affect overall behaviour of the frame.
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Quality Record
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