General Chemistry Nomenclature

Anions
Monoatomic ClFBrIO-2 S-2 HN-3 C-4 chloride fluoride bromide iodide oxide sulfide hydride nitride carbide Polyatomic OH- hydroxide SCN- thiocyanate CN- cyanide N3azide HCO3- bicarbonate HSO4- bisulfate NO3- nitrate NO2- nitrite MnO4- permanganate C2H3O2- acetate O2-2 peroxide C2O4-2 oxalate CO3-2 carbonate SO4-2 sulfate SO3-2 sulfite S2O3-2 thiosulfate CrO4-2 chromate Cr2O7-2 dichromate PO4-3 phosphate hypobromite ClO- hypochlorite IObromite ClO2- chlorite IO2bromate ClO3 chlorate IO3perbromate ClO4- perchlorate IO4-

BrOBrO2BrO3BrO4-

hypoiodite iodite iodate periodate

Cations
+1 Cations H+ Li+ Na+ K+ Rb+ Cs+ Ag+ NH4+ hydrogen lithium sodium potassium rubidium cesium silver ammonium +2 Cations Be+2 Mg+2 Ca+2 Sr+2 Ba+2 Zn+2 Cd+2 Co+2 beryllium magnesium calcium strontium barium zinc cadmium cobalt +3 Cations Al+3 Ru+3 Sc+3 Rh+3 aluminum ruthenium scandium rhodium

Cations with multiple oxidation states

Fe+2 Fe+3 Cr+2 Cr+3 Sn+2 Sn+4 iron (II) or ferrous iron (III) or ferric chromium (II) or chromous chromium (III) or chromic tin (II) or stannous tin (IV) or stannic Pb+2 Pb+4 Cu+1 Cu+2 lead (II) or plumbous lead (IV) or plumbic copper (I) or cuprous copper (II) or cupric

Hg+2 mercury (II) or mercuric Hg2+2 mercury (I) or mercurous

Acids
HF hydrofluoric acid HCl hydrochloric acid HBr hydrobromic acid HI hydroiodic acid HCN hydrocyanic acid H2S hydrosulfuric acid H2CO3 carbonic acid HNO2 HNO3 H3PO4 H2SO3 H2SO4 HC2H3O2 H2C2O4 HClO HClO2 HClO3 HClO4 nitrous acid nitric acid phosphoric acid sulfurous acid sulfuric acid acetic acid oxalic acid hypochlorous acid chlorous acid chloric acid perchloric acid

Rules for Naming Compounds

A. Binary Compounds Containing a Metal and a Nonmetal (ionic compounds) 1. Name of cation is given first (same as name of element) 2. Name of anion is given second i. Monoatomic anions end in ide ii. Polyatomic ion names do not change B. Binary Compounds between Two Nonmetals (molecular compounds) 1. Prefixes are used to specify the number of each atom present i.e. 1=mono, 2=di, 3=tri, 4=tetra, 5=penta, 6=hexa, 7=hepta, 8=octa 2. If first atom is a single atom then prefix mono is omitted

Rules for Writing Formulas

A. Ionic Compounds 1. Sum of charges of all ions must equal zero i.e. total negative charge of all anions must cancel the total positive charge of all cations 2. Use subscripts to indicate the presence of more than one ion 3. Polyatomic ions must be in parentheses if subscripts are used.