Mechanical Vibration Damped Free Vibration Tutorial 2:

ME351/Jan13/KVG/VI M1&2/Tut02

Damped Free Vibration Deriving governing differential equations and

determine damped natural frequency, decay, and logarithmic decrement

1.

In a mechanism used for a bottling plant has a lumped mass of 3 kg and a stiffness of 0.1 N/mm. A viscous damper of C = 3 10-3 Ns/mm is connected with the system. Find (i) damped natural frequency of the system (ii) ratio of two consecutive amplitudes (iii) time taken to reduce original amplitude of vibration to 20 percent.

2.

Find the amplitude ratio of free vibration of the given system, considering consecutive peaks after finishing five cycles. The system has a body of mass 10 kg, which is supported on a spring of stiffness 25 N/cm and has a dash pot connected parallel to the spring, which produces a resistance of 2.8 N at a velocity of 0.9 m/s. Derive the formula used.

3.

A machine of 100 kg is supported on isolator which has an effective stiffness of 400 N/m and a viscous resistance of 40 N at a velocity of 1 m/s. Determine the reduction of amplitude per cycle in a free vibration study.

4.

A motor mounted on an isolator (a spring damper system) subjected to variable frequency excitation shows peak amplitude occurs at 90.5539 rad/sec and when conducted a free vibration test its damped natural frequency found to be 95.3939 rad/sec. An estimate shows the equivalent viscous damping present in the system is 6000 Ns/m. Help the designer to find the effective stiffness and mass of the system.

5.

A mass of 2kg is supported on an isolator having a spring scale of 2940 N/m and viscous damping. If the amplitude of free vibration of the mass falls to one half its original value in 1.5 seconds, determine the damping coefficient of the isolator.

6.

The mass of a single damped vibrating system is 7.5 kg makes 24 free oscillations in 14 sec, when disturbed from its equilibrium position. The amplitude of vibration reduces 0.25 of its initial value after 5 oscillations. Determine (i) Stiffness of spring (ii) Log. Decrement (iii) Damping factor

7.

A vertical spring of stiffness 9.8 N/mm supports a mass of 30 kg. The friction force on the mass is 49 N which always resist the vertical displacement. The mass is released from a position in which total extension of the spring is 127 mm. Determine how many cycles it take the system to comes to rest. And also find the final extension of the spring when it comes to rest.

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8.

A gun barrel weighing 7000 N has a recoil spring of stiffness 1500 N/mm. If the barrel recoils 1.5 m after firing, find the damping coefficient of the dash pot if the system is critically damped. Also find the time required for the barrel to return to 30 mm from its initial position

9.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the systems shown in Figure 12

k b

Figure 12 k a Figure 13 m l

c l

Figure 15 k a Figure 14 m a b c b k

m l c

10.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the systems shown in Figure 13

11.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the systems shown in Figure 14

12.

Derive the differential equation of motion and find the damped natural frequency of the systems shown in Figure 15

13.

A machine of mass 20 kg is mounted on pad which has stiffness of 8 kN/m and a damping of 130 Ns/m. If the system is initially at rest and an initial velocity of 100 mm/s is imparted to the mass. Determine. (i) The displacement and velocity of the mass as function of time. (ii) The displacement and velocity at t = 1.0 second.

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14.

Find the amplitude ratio of free vibration of the given system, considering consecutive peaks after finishing five cycles. The system has a body of mass 10 kg, which is supported on a spring of stiffness 25 N/cm and has a dash pot connected parallel to the spring, which produces a resistance of 2.8 N at a velocity of 0.9 m/s. Derive the formula used

15.

An induction motor running at 2880 rpm has a mass of 5 kg. It is supported by a set of pads which has an equivalent stiffness of 4000 N/m. The damping present in the system can be modeled as pure viscous damper with a damping coefficient of 100 Ns/m. Find out the rpm at which the motor should not run.

16.

A long shaft of 3000 mm length and 26 mm diameter has to be turned in a lathe. It is proposed to fix the long shaft between centers for final turning. Production planning and control department has suggested to use 245 rpm as the spindle speed for the given work piece and tool combination. Identify the need for a study rest or follower rest for this work to support the long rod for finish turning. Justify your answer with numerical values. When the long shaft fixed between centers was pulled laterally the centre and left, it is found that initially displacement was 2351 micrometer and after 5 cycles it displacement was found to be 100 micrometer. Find out what is the amount of energy consuming element available in the system; specify it in Ns/m unit

17.

In an effort to double the production capacity of a typical assembly line, A three phase 440 V, 20 kW motor running at 720 rpm is proposed to be replaced with a similar induction motor running at 1440 rpm. After replacement, a free vibration test was conducted and it is found that the system makes 200 oscillations in 8 seconds time. From a static load test on the mounts used for mounting the new motor, it is found that the effective stiffness is 4934.8 N/mm. Find what is the effective mass the system. Comment on the suitability of the decision to change 720 rpm to 1440 rpm motor. After introducing a new mounting pad below the 1440 rpm motor, it is found that free vibration amplitude of 100 micrometer is reduced to 50 micrometer in the next cycle. And static deflection of the mount under dead weight of the system is 6.8954 mm. Find the suitability of the new mounting pad and calculate the damping present in the system. {Sketch the system, indicate all the given data on the sketch, write DEM of the system, write equation to get natural frequencies and damping factor, mention the assumptions made, if any}

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