CME8055 Fuel cells and fuel cell systems tutorial sheet General questions 1.

How many grams of H2O2 are present in a sample containing 4.5 x 1016 molecules? (Atomic masses: O = 16 and H = 1 g mol-1). [2.54 x 10-6g] 2. How many moles of Ar gas are present in a sample containing 4.5 x 1016 atoms? [7.47 x 10-8] How many molecules of trinitrotoluene (TNT) are present in a sample containing 0.16 moles of TNT? [9.64 x 1022] How many atoms of Al are in a sample containing 4.7 x 1019 molecules of Al2O3? [9.4 x 10-19] How many atoms of carbon are present in a sample containing 0.25 moles of benzene (C6H6)? [9.03 x 1023] Gro and Hro for the reaction: 6C(cr) + 3H2(g) C6H6(l) at 298 K are 129.7 kJ mol-1 and 82.93 kJ mol-1 respectively. (a) What is the entropy change associated with the formation of 1 mole of benzene? Comment upon the sign and magnitude of the result you get. [-156.9 J mol-1 K-1] (b) What is the entropy change associated with the formation of 0.5137 moles of benzene? [80.6 J K-1] (c) What is the value of Go at 323 K? State clearly any assumptions you make. [133609 J mol-1]

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For the reaction: Br2(g) 2Br(g) the equilibrium constant, Kp, is 1.400 x 10-3 at 1173 K and 7.100 x 10-3 at 1273 K; what is the Standard Enthalpy change, Hr0, for the reaction assuming Hr0 and Sr0 are constant ? [210615 J mol-1]

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What is the overall cell reaction, standard EMF and the shorthand description of the lead/acid battery given:

PbO2(s) + SO42- + 4H+ + 2e- PbSO4(s) + 2H2O(l) PbSO4(s) + 2e- Pb(0) + SO42-0.356 V

+1.685 V

[2.06V] Fuel cell -specific questions 9. At 60 C, the target current density for a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell is 100 mA cm-2 at a cell voltage of about 0.5V. For a 25 cm x 25 cm standard porous carbon-based anode, what volume of CO2 will be released per second given the anode reaction is: CH3OH(l) + H2O(l) CO2 + 6H++ 6eThe Ideal Gas equation links the pressure P (Nm-2) of a gas to its volume V (m3), amount n (moles) and the temperature T (K) through the gas constant R = 8.314 J mol-1 K-1: PV = nRT Pressure of one bar = 1.01 x 105 Nm-2. [3.0 mLcm3 s-1] 10. (a) For the hydrogen/oxygen (or air) fuel cell estimate the standard potential at atmospheric pressure and 25 OC, from the following values of standard heats of reaction and entropy change (per mole H2O). H0r = -285,800 J/mol S0r = -163.2 J/mol/K. [1.23V] b) Estimate the standard potential at a temperature of 80 oC, stating your assumptions. [1.18V] 11. What is the maximum current that can be generated from a fuel cell fed with 0.0376 kg H2 per hour. [ 1008 A] Given that the variation in the Standard EMF of the H2/O2 fuel cell is as shown in the table below:
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and that the partial pressures are PH2 = 1 bar, PO2 = 0.29 bar, and [1.97V] 13. Fuel cells consume large quantities of air whilst liberating significant quantities of water vapour. Estimations of air requirements and fuel cell flows are important in fuel cell system engineering. Estimate the consumption of oxygen in kg/s for a 20cell fuel cell stack operating at 1000 Watts power and with each cell operating at 0.5 Volts. [8.28 x 10-6 kg s-1] How much methanol (in mass) is needed in theory for a DMFC to produce the same energy as that produced by a H2/O2 fuel cell with 1 kg of H2 under standard conditions? Assume O2 in excess and E0 are both ca. 1.23V. [5.344 kg]

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