NUMERICAL SERIES Proposed Exercises

1. Use the denition of convergence of a numerical series to decide whether the following series converge. If so, calculate the sum: 1 +n n=1 6 b) 21 4 n n=1 c) n+1 n a) n2
n=0

[Sn = 1 [Sn = 3 1 [Sn =

1 n+1

; S = 1] ; S = 3]

1 2n+1

n + 1 ; S = +]

2. Verify (using the necessary condition for convergence) that the following series diverge: a) n n+1 n=1 1 c) (log n)1/n n=2 1 n e) 1 n n=1

b)
n=1

2n (1)n
n=1

d) f)

n2 n2 + 1

3n 2n n2 n=1

3. Use the geometric series to discuss the behavior of the following series and to calculate their sums: a) 3n+1 n n=1 (1)n ,I R b) (1 + 2 )n n=0 3 n 1 c) ,=0 n=0

[S = [conv. for = 0 ; S = [conv. for >

3 2

9 3 ]

1+2 ] 2+2

; S= 3]

4. Use the ratio test, the root test, the comparison test and the asymptotic comparison test to decide whether the following series converge: 2n + 1 a) 2n n=1 n 2 c) n5 n=1 n+1 e) 3n 1 n=0 2 + cos n g) n n=1 1 i) log n n=2 1 m) n n n=2 5n 1 o) 3n2 + 2 n=0

[ conv.] [div.]
n

b) d) f) h) l) n) p)

[conv.] [div.] [div.] [div.] [div.]

n5 n! n=1 3n n! nn n=1 1 (log n)n/2 n=2 1 n 3 +n n=1 1 2 sin n n=1 | sin n + cos n| n3 n=1 n 3 n +1 n=0

[conv.] [div.] [conv.] [conv.] [conv.] [conv. ] [conv.]

5. Use the Leibniz test to study convergence and absolute convergence of the following series: n+1 2n n=1 1 b) (1)n , I R n n=1 n c) (1)n 2 n +1 n=1 n+2 d) (1)n 2 n +1 n=1 log n e) (1)n 2n 1 n=1 1 f) (1)n log n +1 n=1 1 g) (1)n 1 cos n n=1 37 n h) (1)n ( n + 1)! n=1 sin (2n + 1) 2 i) 2 (2 n + 1) n=1 1 l) (1)n n log n n=2 a) (1)n

[conv.abs.] [conv. abs. if > 1 ; conv. if > 0] [conv.] [conv.abs.] [conv.] [conv.] [conv.abs.] [conv.abs.] [conv.abs.] [conv.]

6. Use the integral test to study the behavior of the following series: 1 n n log n n=2 1 b) , I R log n n n=2 1 c) , I R n(log n) n=2 en , I R d) n2 + 1 n=0 a)

[conv.] [conv. if > 1 ] [conv. if > 1] [conv. for 0] [conv. if 0 < 1]

1 ] [conv. if < 2

e) f)

(n2 + 1)n , 0
n=0 + n=1

n 2 , I R

7. Use the integral test to prove that the following series converges and nd an upper and a lower bound for its sum:

en
n=1

2 [1 e < S < e]

8. Use the upper bounds which follow from the integral test in order to estimate the number of terms necessary to calculate the sum of the following series with an error less than 104 . 1 n5 n=1

[n 8]

9. Given the following series, prove that they converge and estimate the number of terms necessary to calculate their sums with an error less than 102 . a) b) 1 3 n=2 n log n

[n 1178] [n 9]

(1)n
n=2

1 n log3 n