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Service is that portion of economy which produces the intangible goods. The service industry is the backbone of social and economic development. Service sectors contribution is very higher in the world economy providing higher output and employment. Service sectors growth is higher than the other contributor in the economy. Service sector is the most dynamic and larger part of the Indian economy in terms of employment potential and economy contribution to the national income. Services sector has very dynamic and wide ranges of activity to perform such as communication, trading, transportation, financial, real estate and business services, as well as other services like personal, social and community counseling. Service sector can be classified in to three broad categories like, the public sector, private sector, and the household sector. Public and household sectors are recognized as the most organize part of the economy, as all the information regarding the transaction are available with the documentation proof are made publically after regular intervals. Whereas the third part of the economy is unorganized sector i:e household sector. It includes all unincorporated enterprises including all type of sole proprietorship and partnership managed by the individuals. As private sector and public sector are organized sector, various budgets documents or reports and the accounts provided by companies is the basis for the estimate of public sectors. The annual reports of the companies are main sources of information for the private companies or the private sector.
Service sector since 1980s has shown the growth in the Indian economy. In the late 1980s all most every components of the service picked the pace and during 2005-08 it increased significantly. Communication, banking, and insurance were the most grown sectors of the service sector. All most every sub-sector of the service sector have shown growth and from there communication tremendous potential for the growth in the phase of the global economic crises which shows the resilience of the service sector. Composition of the service sector shows that trade remains continue as the main sub-factor with a huge part of share and the other factors banking, insurance and communication have registered sharp increases over the last years. The ownership of dwelling and business service that include it services and construction have remained the highest even though they have declined due to the post financial crises period.
Service sector shown the growth not only from liberalization an initiative action to form structural reforms and increased per capita income and also from the inbuilt linkages with the industrial sector. Telecommunication, banking, and business services sector have on the whole gained in this regards. Fairly the healthy growth of the construction, and real estate sector reflective of rapid urbanization. The growth of the service sector in the GDP was at 10.1 percent in 2009-10 and 9.6percent in 2010-2011. (?). Agricultural sector mainly have the dominant employer followed by the service sector and it has been increasing by every year and while that decreasing in the primary sector.
The measurement of the FDI inflow has encountered the problem to differentiate activities between service and the good in sector such as computers and hardwares and softwares, telecommunication, and construction. Nevertheless the share of the four sector combined, computers, hardware and software, telecommunication and housing and real estate predominantly consisting of services, in FDI equity.
Services are widely used by people day to day in all aspects of life. From finance to fast food, education to entertainment, travel to telephone, advertisement to amusement parks, travel to telephone, market research to maintenance services, and retailing to recreation.. .and so on. Today services are more and more being used by corporate as well as household sector. The volatile growth in this sector started in the 20th century, particularly after the end of World War II. Due to huge scale demolition during the war set of economic activities, had to be received out to carry the war tom economies back to strong point. This resulted in a number of new projects fuelling the demand for financial services.
acquired the international quality certification. Electronic governance as well as it education and many other polices have been framed to make IT industry more powerful.
Financial Services
The role of financial services in motivating and sustaining economic growth is well known. A distinct feature of Indian Financial System is the dominance of public sector institutions in practically all areas like banking, term lending and imiurance. At the end of March 2002, 97 commercial banks, 196 Regional rural banks 52 scheduled urban co-operative banks and 16 scheduled state co-operative banks were operating. With an emphasis on retail finance and growing use of new technologies, Indian banks have repositioned themselves as universal finance solution provider with capabilities ranging from investment banking to project financing, and export financing on the corporate side, and from providing loans to selling insurance and mutual funds on the retail side.
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Comparative analysis
Services have long been the most important source of growth in rich countries. Now they are too the major source of development in poor countries. Services have grow to be a larger share of GDP in poor countries and productivity growth in services exceeds that in industry used for most poor countries. This is largely explained by the rapid development of modern, commercial servicesbusiness processing, finance, insurance, and communications. Modern service productivity growth, in turn, is driven by the 3Ts: tradability, technology and transportability The hold of services above industry is not a modern trend for the Indian economy but has been in place since the beginning of 1950s. Such prevalence of services above industry might be an product of the de-industrialization process pursued in British India (Bagchi, 1982). While the decline of the primary sector, i.e., mainly agriculture, is in custody through the conventional wisdom on development, the hold of services ahead of industry stands out because a departure
from the past. However, the Indian experience is not a separate case. A number of developing countries such as Zambia, Chad, Sudan, Kenya and Pakistan have also undergone a similar phase in their development process.
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1950-51 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-01 2001-02 Agriculture Industry Services
Moreover, the decline in growth of GDP has in general not been accompanied by a reduction in share of services (Table 2). This observation runs counter to the established theories but is in keeping with the growth experience of the developed world. The visible hand of the government as reflected in planning and production in the economy as a whole could have contributed to such a development.
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Services Share
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Manufacturing Vs Services
Knowledge based business input appears to be highly significant whether we look at their services or manufacturing sector. In fact there is no evidence that these services input are less important for manufacturing output than fixed capital. There is therefore a convincing argument that manufacturing sector in post-industrial societies rely on these services May in act be beneficial to manufacturing. The manufacturing versus services dichotomy is then unhelpful. The knowledge based services sector is an integral part of the economics system rather than an unproductive or parasitic laggard. For example, Siemens corporation concentrate on the role of IT in manufacturing in the modern age and go as far as calling for the term manufacturing and even product to be redefined.
In pure economic sense, the agriculture sector cannot grow more than 3-4%. It is not because of lack of monsoons or irrigation projects, but due to an invisible equilibrium between demand and supply that will tap the growth at 4%. There is already a balance between demand and supply, and as a result if the supply grows the prices are falling. We see this all the time whenever there are bumper crops, like a farmer in Chittoor giving eggplants (vankayulu) free or farmer in Srikakulam dumping all cabbage on the road side. To some extent these problems can be alleviated with better road network and better distribution of the produce, not only across the state but the country. Also right choice of crops based on better forecast models help selecting the right crop at right time. There is a long way before we address these issues. However, even with these efforts, we cannot attain a growth of 4% , unless we increase the demand significantly. The only way to increase this demand is to create vast pool of domestic consumers that are independent of agriculture. This is where the manufacturing and service sector come in.
Conclusion
The growth of services as also the services-led growth of the Indian economy has been addressed in the study from the angle of sustainability. For the purpose, the study has primarily focused upon the inter-sectoral linkages as emanating from the input-output transactions tables for 199394 both at the aggregated level of 10 constructed national accounts categories and the most disaggregated level of 115 activities. While the aggregative analysis presents a variation from the disaggregated one, the Indian economy is found to be predominantly services-intensive at the disaggregated level with 55 per cent (54 per cent) activities direct (direct and indirect) servicesintensive. The average services intensity stands doubled to 30 per cent of gross output with the switchover to direct and indirect services-intensity from direct services-intensity. The range of variation in services-intensity turns out the lowest among the three types of sectoral intensity defined in the study. While services and agriculture do not seem to share much inter-dependence, industry is observed to be the most services-intensive with 70 per cent (74 per cent) of its activities being direct (direct and indirect) services-intensive. While 46 per cent (15 per cent) of services activities stand out services-intensive, 23 per cent (23 per cent) of services activities
report industry-intensive. Thus, while the industrial activities seem to be predominantly permeated with the services content, by the same token, they turn out to be the major pace setter for services-growth. In other words, sustained services-growth requires a growing industry too. Finally, the expansionary potential of services on non-services and services, in turn, has been examined by computing the index of vertical integration, which provides a dimension-free measure of the multiplier of each activity on the value added of the rest of the economy. Seven, six and one respectively out of 13 services, 80 industrial and 22 agricultural activities are found to have the largest expansionary potential. The top three activities in terms of the index value turn out to be trade, banking and other transport services, all belonging to the services sector. Clearly, the services sector stands out more growth inducing than industry or agriculture. Therefore, for sustaining the overall growth process, the services-led growth augurs well for the Indian economy in so far as the growth impulses originate in services vis--vis industry or agriculture. However, since the value added indirectly induced on the rest of the economy falls short of the direct value added by each activity including from services, the expansionary potential of services-led growth may not be over-emphasised unless accompanied by growth impulses from other sources.
REFERENCE:
Ashton, K.John (2001) A Test of Perfect Competition in The UK Retail-Banking Deposit Market The Service Industries Journal 21, 4.pg 119 Basu,kausik (2012) The Oxford Companion to Economics in india (1st Edn) New Delhi,Oxford Pulic Press Damodaran, Suma (2006) Managerial Economics (1st Edu),New Delhi, Oxford Pulic Press Government of India (ministry of finance)(2012), Publications, (Online) (Cited on 19 October 2012). Available on URL< http://www.divest.nic.in/> Kwang Ng,yew (2009) Why Is a Financial Crisis Important? The Significance of the Relaxation of the Assumption of Perfect Competition International Journal of Business and Economics, Vol.8, No.2,91-114 Reserve bank of India (2012), Publications, (Online) (cited on 20 October 2012). Available on URL< http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/PublicationsView.aspx?Id=5707>