Professional Documents
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Sexual dimorphism
Techniques
• Non-metric
o Observational techniques
o There are certain parts of the skeleton that will look a certain
way on males and others in females.
• Metric
o Measurement
• DNA
Skeletal Elements
• Pelvis
• Long bones
Male pelvis
• Shorter pubis
• Triangular pubic body
Female pelvis
• Longer pubis
• Ventral arc
• Subpubic concavity
• Cranium
o Supraorbital ridges
o Eye orbits
o Muscle markings
• Mandible
o Chin
o Teeth
• Male
o Skulls
Sloping forehead
Large mastoids
Square chin
o Female
Smaller, more gracile
Vertical forehead
Smaller browridges
Small mastoids
Pointed chin
• Mainly metric
o Type I
Usually in males
o Type II
Usually in females
Sex estimation: Metric Analysis
• Statistical methods
• Discriminant functions
o Male or female
o Ancestral groups
o Sectioning points
• Amelogenin gene
• Females = XX = 1 band/peak
• Males = XY = 2 bands/peaks
Recovery
• Goals
o Complete recovery
• Techniques
o Forensic archaeology
Processing
• Documentation!
• Photographs
• Radiographs (x-rays)
o Maceration
• analysis
30/01/2008 12:53:00
30/01/2008 12:53:00