D Internet Myiemorgmy Iemms Assets Doc Alldoc Document 2618 Jurutera Nov 2012 Opt

International Focus:
AFEO Mid-Term Meeting 2012

Cross-Border
Engineering
&

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November 2012 JURUTERA | 3
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CONTENTS
International Focus:
AFEO Mid-Term Meeting 2012
Cross-Border
Engineering
&
COVER NOTE
Going Global: Tracking the Sunrise Approach ....................................................... 5
COVER STORY
Cross-Border Engineering Its Prospects and Challenges ..................................... 6
FEATURE ARTICLES
A Challenge to Host an ASEAN Event ...................................................................12
Nanoelectronic Engineering at MJIIT-UTM ............................................................16
Application of X-ray Computed Tomography for Air Voids and
Damage Characterisation in Asphalt Mixtures ...................................................20
ENGINEERING DIGEST 24
SAFE TEA TIME
Record Retention ...................................................................................................25
FORUMS
AFEO Mid-Term Meeting 2012 Spouses Programme ...........................................28
A Visit to Bio-Cosmetics Facility of SIRIM Berhad, Shah Alam ..............................30
KLRCA Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act (CIPAA) 2012 ........33
A Technical Visit to the Meteorological Station at Bayan Lepas Penang Airport ....36
Bored Tunnelling in Urban Environments Design and Construction Issues:
What Can Be A Problem and Why? ....................................................................40
The Conquest of Mount Kinabalu by YES ..............................................................43
GLOBE TREKKING
Eagle-Hunting in Kyrgyzstan ................................................................................48
PINK PAGE
Professional Interview ............................................................................................50
BLUE PAGE
Announcement .......................................................................................................51
kCCSLD IU1UkL 1nLMLS 2012]2013
December 2012
Women Engineers Make the Difference
January 2013
Food Security and Quality in Malaysia
February 2013
Marine Engineering and Naval Architecture
Ma||er
LkILC1 MAIL SLkVICLS
14 !alan 1S8 2, 1aman erlndusLrlan Sungal 8uloh,
Sungal 8uloh, Selangor uarul Lhsan, Malaysla.
1el: +(603) 6136 3288
Photos courtesy of
IEM Negeri Sembilan Branch
Happy Deepavali!
COVER NOTE
Number 11, November 2012
THE INSTITUTION OF ENGINEERS, MALAYSIA
Bangunan Ingenieur, Lots 60 & 62, Jalan 52/4, P.O. Box 223, (Jalan Sultan),
46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Tel: 603-7968 4001/4002 Fax: 603-7957 7678
L-mall: sec[lem.org.my Pomepage: hup://www.mylem.org.my
JURUTER
MAILIS 8AGI SLSI 2012]2013 (ILM CCUNCIL SLSSICN 2012]2013)

YANG DIPERTUA / PRESIDENT:
Ir. Chen Kim Kieong, Vincent
TIMBALAN YANG DIPERTUA / DEPUTY PRESIDENT:
Ir. Choo Kok Beng
NAIB YANG DIPERTUA / VICE PRESIDENTS:
lr. .L. Chong, ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. Llm Chow Pock, lr. rof. ur Wan Mahmood bln Wan Abdul Ma[ld,
lr. ?lm Pon Wa, lr. rof. ur 8uslan bln Passan, ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. ur Seo klan Paw, Andy, lr. 1an
Yean Chin
SETIAUSAHA KEHORMAT / HONORARY SECRETARY:
lr. rof. ur Chlang Choong Luln, !erey
BENDAHARI KEHORMAT / HONORARY TREASURER:
lr. rof. ur Lee 1eang Shul
WAKIL AWAM / CIVIL REPRESENTATIVE:
Ir. Gunasagaran a/l Kristnan
WAKIL MEKANIKAL / MECHANICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
?.8hg. uaLo' LL. Cen. lr. lsmall bln Samlon (8Ld.)
WAKIL ELEKTRIK / ELECTRICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
lr. Mohd. Aman bln P[. ldrls
WAKIL STRUKTUR / STRUCTURAL REPRESENTATIVE:
Ir. Yam Teong Sian
WAKIL KIMIA / CHEMICAL REPRESENTATIVE:
lr. rof. ur Abdul Azlz bln Abdul 8aman
w4klL L4lNL4lN ul5PLlN / kPk5N141lv 1O O1nk ul5clPLlN5:
lr. Assoc. rof. ur Cheong kuan ?ew
WAKIL MULTIMEDIA / MULTIMEDIA REPRESENTATIVE:
lr. noor lzlddln Abdullah bln P[. Chazall
AHLI MAJLIS / COUNCIL MEMBERS:
lr. Assoc. rof. ur Marllnda blnu Abd. Malek, lr. Zalnuddln bln Mohammad, lr. Lal kong hool,
uavld, ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. Chee Shl 1ong, !ohn, lr. Copal narlan kuuy, Vacant, ?.8hg. llrsL Admlral
uaLo' lr. P[. Ahmad Murad bln P[. Cmar (8Ld.), lr. ng Shlu ?uen, uavld, lr. klm kek Seong, lr.
Chong Chew lan, lr. ur 1an kuang Leong, lr. Lau ?uk Ma, !une, lr. ur norllda bln 8unlyamln, lr.
lshak bln Abdul 8ahman, lr. Poo Choon Sean, ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. Samsuddln bln lsmall, lr. Lee 8oon
Chong, lr. 1u ?ong Lng, lr. Lal Sze Chlng, lr. Lee Weng Cnn, lr. ?ap Soon Poe, lr. Ll 1hang lal, lr.
!uares 8lzal bln Abdul Pamld, lr. ur norazman bln Mohamad noor, lr. Llllas bln Saldln, Lngr. ur
Mok vee Poong, !lmmy
4nLl M4lLl5 / cOuNclL MM8k5 {8Y 4PPOlN1MN1):
?.8hg. uaLo' lr. P[. Mohamad bln P[. Pusln, lr. Abdul Chanl bln Pashlm, lr. Abdullah bln lsnln
BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA TERAKHIR / IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT:
?.8hg. Academlclan uaLo' lr. rof. ur Chuah Pean 1elk
BEKAS YANG DIPERTUA / PAST PRESIDENTS:
?.8hg. uaLo' lr. ang Leong Poon, ?.8hg. Academlclan uaLo' lr. (ur) P[. Ahmad Zaldee bln Laldln,
lr. ur Cue See Sew, ?.8hg. uaLuk lr. rof. ur Cw Chee Sheng, ?.8hg. uaLo' aduka lr. rof. (ur)
kelzrul bln Abdullah
PENGERUSI CAWANGAN / BRANCH CHAIRMAN:
1. Pulau Pinang Ir. Ng Sin Chie
2. SelaLan - lr. Lee Loke Pal, uavld
3. erak - lr. Chan Poong Mun
4. kedah-erlls - lr. Por 1ek Llp
3. negerl Sembllan - lr. Mohammed noor bln Abu Passan
6. kelanLan - lr. P[. Syed Abdul 8ahman bln Syed Abdullah
7. 1erengganu - lr. Mohd. Azml bln All
8. Melaka - lr. vellan vengo [ erumal
9. Sarawak - lr. 1an khlok Chun, Alan
10. Sabah Ir. Lo Chong Chiun
11. Mlrl - lr. Coh Soon 8oon
12. ahang - lr. 1uan Pa[l Ahmad kamal bln kun[l
AHLI JAWATANKUASA INFORMASI DAN PENERBITAN /
STANDING COMMITTEE ON INFORMATION AND PUBLICATIONS 2012/2013:
engerusl/Chalrman: ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. ur Seo klan Paw, Andy
nalb engerusl/vlce Chalrman: lr. Lal kong hool, uavld
Seuausaha/SecreLary: lr. Lau 1al Cnn
keLua engarang/Chlef LdlLor: lr. rof. ur Lee Sze Wel
engarang 8uleun/8ulleun LdlLor: lr. Cng Cuan Pock
engarang rlnslpal !urnal/rlnclpal !ournal LdlLor: lr. rof. ur Abdul karlm bln Mlrasa
engerusl erpusLakaan/Llbrary Chalrman: lr. C.M.M. Aboobucker
Ahll-Ahll/Commluee Members: lr. rof. ur Lee Sze Wel, lr. Assoc. rof. ur Marllnda bL. Abdul
Malek, lr. ?ee 1hlen Seng, lr. 1u ?ong Lng, lr. Chln Mee oon, uaLo' lr. rof. ur Mohd. Saleh bln
!aafar, lr. P[. Look keman bln Saharl, ?.8hg. uaLuk lr. rof. ur Cw Chee Sheng, lr. Cheong Loong
kwong, Allen, Lngr. ur ?eoh Pak koon, ?.8hg. uaLo' lr. P[. Abdul 8ashld bln Maldln
lLM SecreLarlaL: amela !lLab
lLM 8eglsLered on 1 May 1939
Going Global:
Tracking the
Sunrise Approach
GOING GLOBAL ls synonymous Lo conunuous lmprovemenL,
remalnlng compeuuve and, more lmporLanLly, sLaylng relevanL.
When clrcumsLances so dlcLaLe, Lhere should be ad[usLmenL
and Lweaklng of Lhe sLaLus quo - reallgnlng wlLh any shl ln
paradlgm. AL abouL saLurauon polnL" where Lhe doubllng of
eorL produces only marglnal galns, a quanLum leap Lo a hlgher
daLum wlll be requlred, or even charung a new dlrecuon. lL's
Lhe Lracklng Lhe sunrlse" approach. lallure Lo change could
resulL ln a drop Lo base zero - a very dreadful hero Lo zero"
prospect.
Colng Clobal" ls also assoclaLed wlLh Lhe phenomena of
globallsauon and reglonallsauon, faclllLaLed by Lhe englneerlng,
sclence, Lechnology and lnnovauon (LS1l) drlven 'Work ln
rogress' (Wl) modern marvel of cyberspace LhaL shrlnks
and auens Lhe 24/7" world lnLo Lhe wlred global vlllage"
LhaL we have Lhese days. Cloballsauon ls llberallsauon, buL noL
deregulauon. lL ls here Lo sLay. no amounL of complalnL and
bellyachlng can reverse Lhe Lrend. A good case as an example
ls Lhe ASLAn Lconomlc CommunlLy (ALC) LhaL wlll come lnLo
force ln 2013.
ln 2009, Malaysla lnluaLed a rsL mover advanLage" by
llberallslng auLonomously all servlces secLors 3 years ahead
of our ASLAn lramework AgreemenL on Servlces (AlAS)
commlLmenLs LhaL wlll esLabllsh Malaysla's leadershlp role ln
Lhe ASLAn common markeL and borderless producuon base.
1o succeed ln LhaL asplrauon, Malayslans, and ln parucular
LS1l servlce professlonals (Lhe ma[orlLy of whom are lLM
members), musL rlse Lo Lhe occaslon. llrsLly, undersLand whaL
lL Lakes Lo be ASLAn cluzens, and secondly how besL Lo Lake
advanLage of Lhe ALC - underplnned by Lhe ASLAn CharLer
maklng measures" for Lhe ALC legally blndlng. 1here wlll be
no backslldlng. 1he ASLAn LhaL wlll be ALC by 2013 ls a markeL
of some 600 mllllon people, and lL ls golng Lo be our own
domesuc markeL, and whaL a markeL!
1herefore, recallbraLe Lhe mlndseL. Co global whllsL
remalnlng local, and asslmllaLe lnLo Lhe ALC. 1he cholce:
lnLegraLe or vegeLaLe!
by Ir. Rocky HT Wong
Former Head Commissioner of ASEAN Engineers Register (AER)
IEM LIBRARY OPENING HOURS
Please be advised that the IEM Library opening hours are as
indicated below:
Monday Friday: 9.00 a.m. to 6.00.p.m.
Saturday: 9.00 a.m. to 1.00 p.m.
Effective 1 October 2011, the Library is no longer open on
Saturday afternoons after 1.00 p.m.
Library Sub-Committee, IEM
COVER STORY
| JURUTERA November 2012 6
Cross-Border Engineering
Its Prospects and Challenges
by Ms. Reika Kua Kee Eng
THREE decades after its establishment,
the ASEAN Federation of Engineering
Organisations (AFEO) has fnally achieved
its full membership when Lao P.D.R. joined
AFEO as its tenth member in September
2002. Comprising engineering institutions and
organisations of ASEAN countries, this non-
governmental body aims to promote goodwill
and mutual understanding, as well as to
create and develop common standards for the
engineering profession with the objective of
facilitating the mobility of engineers based in
the ASEAN countries. Undeniably, AFEO has
contributed towards promoting the mobility of
our engineers within the ASEAN region and
beyond.
However, apart from AFEO which focuses
on the development of a regional framework
for the practice of engineering within ASEAN,
there are also other supporting organisations
within the country itself which are involved in
facilitating and promoting the globalisation of
the Malaysian engineering industry. n order to
take a closer look at some of the attributes as
well as the prospects and challenges of cross-
border engineering, JURUTERA recently
interviewed three prominent personalities
from both the government and private
sectors, namely Dr Wong Lai Sum, the Chief
Executive Offcer (CEO) of Malaysia External
Trade Development Corporation (MATRADE),
Y.Bhg. Dato' r. Dr Dennis Ganendra, Director
of Minconsult Sdn Bhd, and r. Ahmad 'Asri
Abdul Hamid, the Senior General Manager
(SGM) of the Chief Executive Offce and
Corporate Division of Construction ndustry
Development Board Malaysia (CDB) to obtain
their views and observations on the export of
Malaysian engineering services.
ROLE OF AFEO IN GLOBALISATION
OF ENGINEERING SERVICES
AFEO has played an important role in helping
Malaysian frms embrace globalisation and
take on the challenge openly. t has done that
through its active involvement in promoting
cross-border engineering such via the Mutual
Recognition Arrangements (MRAs) and now
the ASEAN Engineers Register (AER) - very
important steps towards liberalisation of
the industry, said Dato' r. Dr Ganendra of
Minconsult Sdn Bhd, an established Malaysian
engineering consultancy frm that has carried
out projects in over 20 countries. According to
him, the AER plays a signifcant part in setting
a framework towards globalisation and in
openly addressing the issues of globalisation.
The most important fact is that
globalisation has already hit us, Dato' r. Dr
Ganendra remarked, and even before AFTA,
there were already a lot of international frms
which have been openly operating in this
region and they work their way around the
local legislation by having a clever, proper
structure. Subsequent to this development,
AFEO serves as an important avenue where
engineering issues within the region can be
openly discussed. t's a very good platform
for regional consultants and engineers to meet
up - a good networking opportunity for us, not
just working on projects within our region,
but also for project collaboration outside the
region, emphasised Dato' r. Dr Ganendra.
THE MAJOR CHALLENGES AND
ISSUES
According to the CEO of MATRADE, Dr Wong
Lai Sum, the global market is a complex
environment comprising of contractual,
technical, legal, social and political factors,
and every country has its own rules, and in
terms of its domestic legislation, more often
than not, it is tied towards protectionism
and promotion of local companies and
entities. Hence, it is inevitable that Malaysian
engineers will have to compete and identify
their risks, especially when they plan to
venture into a foreign market.
To optimise market entry, the challenge is
to assess and defne clearly the mechanism
for successful bidding and executing projects
in different markets. Because of these issues,
some engineering companies may feel that
they prefer doing business locally rather
than exporting, said Dr Wong. She added,
Convincing our local companies to export
their expertise abroad is another challenge to
us at MATRADE and this may be attributed to
Dr Wong Lai Sum, Chief Executive
Offcer of Malaysia External Trade
Development Corporation (MATRADE)
Y.Bhg. Dato' Ir. Dr Dennis Ganendra,
Director of Minconsult Sdn Bhd
Ir. Ahmad 'Asri Abdul Hamid, Senior
General Manager of the Chief Executive
Offce and Corporate Division of
Construction Industry Development
Board Malaysia (CIDB)
COVER STORY
two points - talk of soured deals abroad or that Malaysia
already has a lot to offer, in terms of business opportunities.
She continued, To address this situation, think we should
hold continuous discussions with the engineers to better
understand their needs. By doing so, we can help tailor our
programmes according to their requirements.
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra remarked that the basic challenge
is that international projects have to be based on the market
forces. Malaysian engineers have to be of a suffciently
high quality topped with pricing at a reasonably rate, to be
able to compete internationally with foreign engineers. n
the long run, Dato' r. Dr Ganendra strongly believes that
constant upgrading of the quality of our engineers is the key
to sustaining the competitiveness of Malaysian engineers in
the international arena. Additionally, keeping abreast with the
current developments in technology is as crucial amongst
Malaysian engineers as maintaining their qualifcations to
keep up with the challenges of the international market.
According to Dato' r. Dr Ganendra, fnancial assistance
offered by the Government or related organisations could
work as a short-term measure to help kick-start Malaysian
companies with their ventures abroad.
THE NEED TO DEVELOP COMPETITIVE
ADVANTAGE AND DELIVER VALUE
On the other hand, the Construction ndustry Development
Board Malaysia (CDB) pointed out some equally pressing
concerns involving the cross-border construction and
engineering industry. Malaysian frms are advised to only
venture in a foreign soil when they are fully prepared and
well-equipped. According to r. Ahmad 'Asri, the SGM
of the Chief Executive Offce and Corporate Division
of Construction ndustry Development Board Malaysia
(CDB), the major challenge faced by CDB and the now
defunct Professional Services Development Corporation
(PSDC) in promoting the export of professional services is
the absence of a clear competitive advantage of Malaysian
frms over their foreign counterparts.
Malaysian consultancy frms are at a disadvantage in
terms of size and resources since most of them are small
businesses, comprising sole proprietors. These individual
companies do not have the scale or the resources to be
competitive overseas. A recent example is when an
international tender by the Brunei Economic Development
Board was made available only to companies with an
annual turnover of RM250 million. Very few Malaysian frms
are able to comply with this condition, said r. Ahmad 'Asri.
He added, Furthermore, most consultancy frms
are generalists and do not possess specifc areas of
specialisation. The major contributing factor is that most
clients do not practice quality-based assessment when
procuring the services of the consultancy frms. At best,
frms are awarded jobs on rotation and paid according to
some predetermined scale of fees. Most, however, are
selected based on their low bid offering which in the end will
signifcantly reduce their margins. r. Ahmad 'Asri said that
such conditions and the uncertainty in securing further jobs
would consequently reduce the aspiration of these frms to
grow in terms of size and resources.
Similarly, most local frms are not driven to become
specialised since opportunities for specialised jobs may
be limited. Local frms also lack exposure in managing
international contracts, in particular FDC contracts.
Full understanding of FDC and other contracts used
internationally is necessary to appreciate the full implication
of contractual obligations. He continued, Failure to do
this could result in undue disputes and litigation which can
be both lengthy and costly. Professionals need to develop
expertise in understanding, designing, formulating and
managing an international contract.
Conversely, r. Ahmad 'Asri acknowledges that many
Malaysian consultancy frms do possess world-class
capabilities. He said that a number of Malaysian frms
have excelled and secured prestigious as well as iconic
projects both locally and abroad. t is imperative that more
Malaysian consultancy frms be encouraged to take the
bold step of venturing abroad, added r. Ahmad 'Asri.
He suggested a few measures to counteract the above
challenges, frstly through the planned and systematic
creation of large construction frms specialising in
strategic areas, through smart mergers and acquisitions.
He further elaborated that suffcient opportunities should
then be provided for the large and merged entities to
excel domestically, build up the necessary branding and
then to venture in overseas. Additionally, clients should
be encouraged to procure construction-related services
through a mechanism which promotes value rather than
relying purely on cost. This quality-based approach which
is routinely applied by international agencies like the World
Bank and Asian Development Bank has proven to deliver
long-term value to clients emphasised r. Ahmad 'Asri.
THE BENEFITS OF VENTURING ABROAD
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra believes that undertaking projects in
overseas countries has a number of benefts. He explained,
Some of the country guides that are available from CIDB
COVER STORY
Firstly, it offers an additional income stream to the company,
and typically is it quite a proftable venture. Secondly, it's also
a way of diversifying risks. f there's a downturn in Malaysia,
at least your overseas projects can keep you going. He
further elaborated that venturing into an international project
is also a way of keeping abreast with the cutting-edge, and
one would be exposed to a lot more advanced technologies
and contemporary engineering issues, which would help
keep one at the highest pinnacle in the industry. According
to Dato' r. Dr Ganendra, it also serves as an avenue for
engineers to further develop themselves. Last but not least,
it's all about branding, whereby
your company will be branded as
an international consultant frm,
not just a Malaysian frm, said
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra.
r. Ahmad 'Asri also has
similar opinions on going global.
He said that participating in
international ventures is a natural
avenue for a consultancy frm to
grow and expand its business
and provide greater return to
its shareholders. A frm can
signifcantly enhance its capacity
and capability through exposure
to new cultures, environments,
practices, methods and
technologies in the international
market. He continued, A frm can spread out the risks due
to fuctuation in demand in the home market by expanding
its market overseas. Besides, international ventures can
enhance a frm's track record, reputation and branding, and
hence, become much more competitive and highly sought
after.
From MATRADE's perspective, Dr Wong said that
there are many benefts in exporting one's services. She
briefy stated some of the main benefts of undertaking
projects overseas. Exporting helps leverage your unique
product or service by increasing your customers' base
beyond Malaysia, resulting in economies of scale. t
also offers exposure to new technologies, ideas, and
business processes. Obviously, this would help to enhance
knowledge and increase your competitiveness. On top of
that, she believes that by dealing with different customer
requirements, markets and cultural environments, one is
forced to boost productivity, skills and innovation.
Despite various benefts of embarking on international
projects, Dr Wong also cautioned that it is never always a
bed of roses for the local companies to succeed in these
undertakings. However, the export world is not everybody's
game. t is important to check whether your business is
ready and to be sure that you understand exactly what
exporting entails before you start. Exporting consumes
time and money, and it requires strong management and
commitment. She added, To achieve success in export,
proper planning and strong execution as well as control
over your business is essential. You cannot let the business
control you.
INITIATIVES TO PROMOTE CROSS-BORDER
PROJECTS
MATRADE offers the Market Development Grant, a
scheme that is introduced to assist the small and medium
enterprises (SMEs), service providers, cooperatives, trade
and industry, associations, chambers of commerce and
professional bodies in undertaking export promotional
activities. Companies can apply
for a reimbursable grant on
the eligible export promotional
activities undertaken.
We help promote Malaysia's
export to the world. Our tools
come in various forms -
international trade fairs, focused
missions and we also have high-
level programmes where the
Prime Minister or Minister would
be leading the business missions
overseas. Apart from that, we
also provide market consultation
through seminars, talks and
consultation sessions as well
as market intelligence received
through our network of offces overseas, explained Dr
Wong. She continued, However, before we organise any
programmes, consultation is done with the service providers
in order to properly understand their needs.
Meanwhile, CDB also plays an important role in
stimulating, assisting and promoting the export of Malaysian
construction services. For these, CDB highlights and
promotes Malaysian construction expertise and capabilities
to the global market through missions and visits, seminars
and conferences, as well as through exhibitions and
publications. Additionally, CDB assists and facilitates
Malaysian construction services frms in venturing abroad
by collecting and disseminating information on international
markets and business opportunities, performing market
research and provide assistance in building up relationships
with host countries.
On top of that, CDB also helps identify suitable
Malaysian players and potential partners for a project and
promote partnerships amongst these players and the foreign
frms. CDB also strives to promote and facilitate the export
of construction services in an integrated manner, involving
consultants, contractors and developers. According to r.
Ahmad 'Asri, the Malaysian Government does provide
double tax deduction benefts for promotion of export of
professional services. Among other incentives, it allows
deduction of costs of feasibility studies, tender preparation,
market research, and participation in trade exhibitions.
The export world is
not everybodys game.
It is important to check
whether your business is
ready and to be sure that
you understand exactly
what exporting entails
before you start.
COVER STORY
IMPACTS OF THE ECONOMIC TURMOIL IN
EUROPE
Given the unfavourable economic conditions prevailing in
America and Europe which have begun to affect the rest
of the world, the interviewees generally agree that this
could have an impact on the engineering and construction
industry.
However, Malaysian professional service providers
are less likely to be affected by the slowdown in USA
and Europe since these are not the traditional markets
for Malaysian professionals. Nevertheless, the economy
of the rest of the world will have some bearing on what is
happening in the USA, Europe, China and Japan. Hence,
indirectly, there could be fewer opportunities in some of
the more affected countries, commented r. Ahmad 'Asri.
He carried on, However, there are countries which will
continue to grow despite what is happening to the major
economies. Myanmar, ndonesia and ndia will continue to
receive foreign investment to develop and modernise their
infrastructure.
r. Ahmad 'Asri further explained that in an economic
downturn, the competition for overseas works is likely to
become more severe and cost would be a major factor. He
added, Companies capable of offering a total solution at a
reasonably competitive price will be sustainable. Of course,
with modern technology, Malaysian consultant frms would
still be able to provide the necessary design services to
multi-national companies without leaving home. However,
in the longer term, domestic investment in building and
infrastructure projects must be increased to enhance the
sustainability of Malaysian frms.
Dr Wong of MATRADE had a slightly different view on
this issue. She explained, Obviously at a glance, it will look
as if there will be lesser opportunities for us. Yet, if America
and Europe do not present any more opportunities to us,
then let's shift our market focus to those countries closer
to home - Let's try ASEAN! Thus, she urged businesses
in ASEAN countries to take advantage of the economic
integration within the region with the formation of the
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) by 2015. By doing
so, bi-lateral trade between the member states could be
improved. Dr Wong added, Another option would be to take
advantage of the Brunei-ndonesia-Malaysia-Philippines
East ASEAN Growth Area (BMP-EAGA) cooperation
framework to expand economic ties between Malaysia and
the countries involved.
BUILDING A STRONG AND DEDICATED TEAM
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra cautioned owners of local frms
to remember that the contribution of their employees
is as important as the other factors mentioned above.
Success of our overseas ventures is also attributed to
the commitment of our staff who often have to make big
sacrifces for us to achieve our international aspirations,
remarked Dato' r. Dr Ganendra. t is mainly due to their
contribution that we have become one of Malaysia's largest
multi-disciplinary engineering consultancies, and will soon
be celebrating our 50th anniversary in December 2012. He
also advised local frm owners to offer remuneration that is
actually commensurate to the qualifcations and efforts of
their employees. Dato' r. Dr Ganendra believes that only by
building a team of staff who are committed and passionate
about their careers could help the company to prosper in
projects both locally and internationally.
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra suggested that local frms should
perform an independent assessment as to whether it would
be safe to deploy their staff to work in a particular state or
territory, especially if it is involved in armed conficts. f it is
determined that a state or territory is safe for a company's
director to work in, then it follows that it would be safe to
send your staff to work there, said Dato' r. Dr Ganendra.
He also reminded local frms not to neglect the insurance
coverage when operating abroad.
EVALUATING AND MANAGING RISKS
According to CDB, companies which have done the
necessary groundwork before deciding to go abroad tend
to succeed in their overseas ventures. Experience gained
from undertaking domestic projects in specifc areas also
helped these companies to succeed. Forming the right
partnership with the right partners would ensure seamless
project execution. However, there would be more risks
inherent in overseas projects due to the more unknown
variables.
Hence, r. Ahmad 'Asri cautions companies who wish to
go overseas to frst identify the risks and put in mitigation
measures. Learning from similar experience by others
should be part of the learning process. For companies who
fully understand the market that they are venturing into are
less likely to experience losses and problems of delivering.
And staying within one's area of expertise in trusted markets
is a good way to start. Foreign currency issues such as the
impact of interest and exchange rate fuctuations ought to
be clearly understood.
COVER STORY
r. Ahmad 'Asri advises, Firms should also get good and
reliable local partners and they should consider venturing
in groups, perhaps in the form of consortiums to share the
risks. By adopting this strategy, frms can also enhance
their overall capabilities and competitiveness through
complementary strengths and
resources.
n choosing your business
partners, ensure that you do
enough due diligence before
going into any partnerships. Go
the extra mile by having any
agreements or deals properly
recorded to save potential
headaches later on. You may
want to consider hiring a lawyer
to act on your behalf, added Dr
Wong.
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra recommended that Malaysian
frms need to be upfront with their potential clients when
it comes to the payment terms and schedule. Local frms
need not be embarrassed to ask for advance payment, as
this is very common among international frms, asserted
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra.
FUTURE PROSPECTS OF CROSS-BORDER
ENGINEERING
When asked about the prospects of cross-border
engineering in the near future, the CEO of MATRADE
replied, Climate change and global warming is encouraging
more and more governments towards having a cleaner
and greener environment. Research and development in
the engineering sector, be it in the infrastructure, building
or manufacturing sectors, are geared towards renewable
and clean technology. Hence, Dr Wong states that services
related to green technology and environmental awareness
such as renewable energy, recycling, waste disposal and
water treatment would have better prospects in future.
r. Ahmad 'Asri of CDB also agrees with Dr Wong on
this aspect and he corroborates, Firms specialising in new
areas of concern, particularly environmental sustainability
and green technology are likely to derive greater benefts.
Correspondingly, rail-based network transportation
and logistics, which are
acknowledged to be highly
energy-effcient, will fnd greater
support and acknowledgement
from most governments.
He further asserted that the
market structure would likely
change and become more
globalised, providing bigger
opportunities for Malaysian frms.
Likewise, the Malaysian market
would be open to overseas
competitors as well. However,
embracing globalisation and liberalisation will create its own
domestic and internal challenges. Countries may have the
need for domestic protection in key industries. They will also
need to invest in building greater capacity and capability in
order to compete in a liberalised environment, expressed
r. Ahmad 'Asri.
Dato' r. Dr Ganendra viewed globalisation as a
process that is not stoppable. Cross-border engineering
will inevitably increase with time. n some extreme cases,
everything will be done over the internet. For instance,
some transmission line design undertaken by us in North
America is done via the internet. They sent us the data, we
came up with the design, which we then uploaded back
onto the internet so that they could view it, he said. He also
suggested, Malaysian engineers should pitch themselves
not as a cheap engineering workforce, but as a high level
international workforce. Hence, we should look at the top-
end sophisticated work that is available, not the basic
engineering work. We should be able to compete against
major engineering frms from the advanced countries when
bidding for projects abroad.
Malaysian engineers
should pitch themselves
not as a cheap engineering
workforce, but as a
high level international
workforce.

FEATURE
A Challenge to Host
an ASEAN Event
by Ir. Richard Khoo Nee Keong
THE INCEPTION
The proposal for The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia,
Negeri Sembilan Branch (IEM-NS) to host the ASEAN
Federation of Engineering Organisations (AFEO) Mid-Term
Meeting 2012 was initiated during the recent brain-storming
retreat of IEM-NSs at Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
As the retreat and brain storming sessions were
something new to the branch, Ir. Choo Kok Beng, Deputy
President of the IEM was invited to attend and to chair
some of the meetings held during the retreat. It was during
one of the brain-storming sessions that Ir. Choo Kok Beng
suggested that IEM-NS should host the AFEO Mid-Term
Meeting 2012. After much deliberation amongst the IEM-
NS committee members, they fnally decided to take up the
challenge of hosting the regional event.
THE IMPLEMENTATION
A prestigious hotel in Seremban was booked for the
scheduled 2-day event, providing the delegates from the
ASEAN countries with accommodation, meals and a proper
venue for their meeting.
Some of the delegates brought along their spouses and
arrangements were made with Tourism Malaysia, Negeri
Sembilan Branch, to provide activities for accompanying
persons. They visited the Handicraft Centre where they had
the opportunity to see some traditional handmade crafts,
in addition to getting some hands-on experience learning
to weave the yarn. Later, the spouses were given some
cooking lessons at the Pelegong Homestay, where they
learned how to whip up some local cuisine before feasting
on these delicacies.
In conjunction with the AFEO Mid-Term Meeting,
AFEO and IEM took the opportunity to award Honorary
memberships to some of the outstanding and deserving
individuals from the engineering industry in the state. The
following are the respective recipients:
AFEO Honorary Fellow
1) YAB Dato Seri Utama Hj. Mohamad bin Hj. Hasan
AFEO Honorary Member
1) Y.Bhg. Dato Ir. Roslan bin Md. Taha
2) Y.Bhg. Dato Ir. Soam Heng Choon
3) Ir. Loo Way Men
4) Ir. Yong Kee Chiang
5) Ir. Hj. Baharuddin bin Ahmad Nasir
IEM Honorary Member
1) Y.Bhg. Dato Hj. Abdul Halim bin Hj. Abd. Latif
2) Y.Bhg. Dato Baharuddin bin Sariman
3) Y.Bhg. Dato Gan Boon Khuay
4) Pn. Salmah bt. Mohd. Taufk
AFEO Honorary Fellow conferment on the Honorable Menteri Besar of
Negeri Sembilan, Y.Bhg. Dato Seri Utama Haji Mohamad bin Haji Hasan,
by Prof. Ir. Prak Min, AFEO Chairman
AFEO Delegates with the Honorable Menteri Besar, President of IEM, Ir. Vincent Chen,
AFEO Chairman, Prof. Ir. Prak Min from Cambodia and IEM-NS Chairman
FEATURE
To make the event more meaningful, IEM-NS had
decided to hold its annual dinner in conjunction with the
dinner for the AFEO delegates.
Our honorable Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan was
invited as the guest of honour, together with the Director-
General of Jabatan Pengairan dan Saliran, Y.Bhg. Dato
Ir. Ahmad Husaini bin Sulaiman, who took some time off
from his busy schedule to attend our dinner. Other VIPs and
heads of department from the local authorities who were
also invited to the dinner are indicated below:
Committee members of IEM-NS with AFEO delegates, President
and Deputy President of IEM, and Director of JKR Negeri Sembilan
The Honorable Menteri Besar dining with some of the VIPs
AFEO Honorary Member conferment with the Honorable Menteri Besar of
Negeri Sembilan, Y.Bhg. Dato Seri Utama Haji Mohamad bin Haji Hasan,
Prof. Ir. Prak Min, Chairman of AFEO, President of IEM, Ir. Vincent Chen,
and Chairman of IEM-NS, Ir. Mohammed Noor bin Abu Hassan
Name Post
Y.Bhg. Dato Hj. Tahar
bin Hj. Sudin
Pengarah Unit Perancang
Negeri Sembilan
Y.Bhg. Dato Ir. Hj. Ahmad
Husaini bin Sulaiman
Ketua Pengarah Jabatan
Pengairan dan Saliran Malaysia
Y.Bhg. Dato Mohd.
Baharudin bin Mahfuz
Pegawai Kemajuan Negeri
Sembilan
IEM Honorary Member conferment with President of IEM and Chairman of IEM-NS
The Honorable Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan receiving a
token of appreciation from the President of AFEO and the
Secretary General of Board of Engineers, Cambodia
FEATURE
The AFEO delegates were each given a 12cm x 15cm x 4cm mineral
crystal with an engraved picture of Dewan Undangan Negeri Sembilan
building as a memento. As the Menteri Besar is known to appreciate cigars,
a box of specially made chocolates in the shape of cigars was presented to
him as a gesture of our appreciation.
Thanks to the many food critics amongst the organising committee
members, who gave valuable comments during the earlier food tasting
session, the eight-course Chinese dinner was praised by many to be
outstanding.
CONCLUSION
With meticulous planning, the AFEO Mid-Term Meeting was conducted
successfully without a hitch. The response to the annual dinner was
overwhelming. All the recipients of the honorary awards were grateful and
had contributed generously to the annual dinner. A memento was presented
to each of the AFEO delegates by our honorable Menteri Besar.
IEM-NS is extremely pleased that the event turned out well and hopes
to host more events in the future on behalf of The Institution of Engineers,
Malaysia.
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IEM-NS presenting a token of appreciation to the Honorable Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan
The cultural performance during the dinner
FEATURE
Nanoelectronic Engineering
at MJIIT-UTM
by Engr. Assoc. Prof. Dr Abdul Manaf Hashim
NANOTECHNOLOGY has been identifed and declared
by the Malaysian government as one of the felds with a
high potential for accelerating the national economy. n
line with this declaration, the National Nanotechnology
Initiatives of Malaysia (NNM) was offcially launched by
the Deputy Prime Minister on 19 September 2009. The
National Nanotechnology Directorate based in the Ministry
of Science, Technology and nnovation (MOST) has
been given the responsibility to initiate and accelerate the
activities in Nanotechology at the national level so that this
feld can become as one of the major sources of national
income.
Nanotechnology can be defned as the control and
manipulation of structures of the size down to atomic scale,
and also the process to produce and fabricate the materials
and devices in nanoscale for various applications such
as information systems, communication systems, sensing
systems, energy, etc. (1 nanometer = 1/1,000,000,000
metre or 10
-9
metre).
Electronic engineering, one of the key areas in the
advancement of present engineering and technology, is
also not an exception in this evolution towards the so-called
nano-engineering. n the 20th Century, the terms electronic
and microelectronic were commonly used. However, in
this 21st Century, due to the nature of materials, devices
and systems, the terms nanomaterials, nanodevices,
nanoelectronics and nanosystems are widely used.
The downsizing of materials and devices to nanoscale
has signifcantly improved the device and system
performances, specifcally the requirements of high speed,
low power consumption, multi-functionality and light-weight
features, which have been successfully realised. This is
basically due to the shorter transit times of the carriers in
the device channels, resulting in less collision frequencies
or absolutely no collision while travelling from one terminal
to another. The evolution of mobile phone is a good
example to understand the contribution of nanoelectronic
and nanotechnology to human lives. Due to the remarkable
advancement in nanoelectronic engineering, the mobile
phones in the market nowadays have a very light-weight
form factor equipped with various functions [Figure 1]. This
evolution has increased the effciency and quality of daily
work which in turn has affected our lives.
The Malaysia-Japan nternational nstitute of
Technology (MJT), founded under a government-to-
government initiative between the Malaysian government
and the Japanese government, offcially started its
operations in September 2011 at the nternational Campus
of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur
[Figure 2]. Presently, the nstitute is headed by Professor r.
Megat Johari Megat Mohd Noor as the dean. Although it is
governed by the UTM, the education and research systems
are designed according to the Japanese systems. This
institute is now supported by 23 top Japanese universities
to ensure the successful achievement and maintenance of
its original vision and mission.
Figure 1: Evolution of the mobile phone
Figure 2: MJIIT building at UTM Kuala Lumpur Campus
ln conjunction with the offcial commencement of operations of the Malaysia-Japan lnternational lnstitute of Technology (MJllT)
within the campus of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in September 2011. nano-engineering has been identifed as a leading feld to
be aggresively pursued with the strong support of top Japanese universities. Fundamental research on emerging materials. novel
processes and devices for future smart electronics and green electronics are the main thrust areas. and the facilities for these are
currently under development.
FEATURE
Nanoelectronic engineering has been identifed by the
MJT as one of the niche areas, ranging from nanomaterial
engineering to nanodevice engineering. This area is to
be developed under one specifc kohza, named as the
Advanced Devices and Materials Engineering Kohza
(Kohza is a Japanese term which means division and
it follows the Japanese pyramid structure). This kohza
specifcally focuses on the fundamental research on
emerging materials and devices, ranging from material
growth, nanostructure formation, nanofabrication and
nanodevices for various applications in nanoelectronic
systems, nanophotonic systems, bio-electronic systems,
nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS), sensors, solar
cell, and so forth.
This kohza is founded and headed by the author, and the
members are the researchers from various disciplines such
as physics, chemistry, biology, electronic engineering and
mechanical engineering. The international collaborators
are mostly the professors of several Japanese universities
such as the Hokkaido University, Kyushu University,
Nagoya University and Nagaoka University of Technology.
Examples of nano-engineering research carried out by the
author's group are briefy shown in Figure 3 to 5. Figure 3
shows the ZnO nanowires grown by thermal evaporation,
Figure 4 shows the fabricated graphene nanodevices, and
Figure 5 shows the fabricated SiC/Si nanopore.
Currently, the research activities of kohza are supported
by several major facilities including material growth facilities
(CVD system, furnace system, etc.), fabrication facilities
(photolithography, etc.) and characterisation facilities
(parameter analyser, etc.), and these facilities are placed
in the clean room of class 1000 and 10000. Several new
facilities such as the reactive ion etching system, PECVD
system, electron beam deposition system, and electron
beam lithography system will be installed in the current year
(2012). t has also been planned to fully facilitate kohza
with sophisticated and high-tech facilities including electron
microscopy systems by the year of 2015 through MJT
development yen loan grants. These facilities will accelerate
the fundamental research activities in nanoscience and
nanotechnology, thereby enabling high quality and high
impact research to be conducted at MJT.
Figure 3: Research on the growth of ZnO nanowires at MJIIT-UTM
Engr. Assoc. Prof. Dr Abdul Manaf Hashim is the Head of Advanced Devices
and Materials Engineering (ADME) Research Laboratories, Malaysia-Japan
International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia.
Figure 4: Research on graphene-based nanodevice at MJIIT-UTM
(graphene is a one atom-thick layer material)
Figure 6: Group members of the authors kohza
(staff, post-doctoral researchers and post-graduate students)
Figure 5: Research on SiC/Si nanopore for DNA sequencing
1he Insntunon wou|d ||ke to thank a|| contr|butors for
donanng generous|y towards the ILM 8u||d|ng Iund
nLL US 1C kCVIDL 8L11Lk SLkVICLS 1C CU
AND 1C 1nL IU1UkL GLNLkA1ICN
(1be Jooouoo llst to tbe wlsmo lM 8ollJloq looJ ls pobllsbeJ oo poqe 50)
TOTAL RM 2,642,743.20
(ANOTHER RM 9,507,256.80 IS NEEDED)
CONTRIBUTIONS TO
WISMA IEM BUILDING FUND
RM 2,001,241.20 from
IEM Members and
Committees
RM 641,502.00 from
Private Organisations
FEATURE
Application of X-ray Computed
Tomography for Air Voids and
Damage Characterisation in
Asphalt Mixtures
BACKGROUND
Asphalt mixtures are complex heterogeneous materials
composed of air voids, mastic and aggregates. It has been
well recognised in principle that the combination of these
three components plays a signifcant role in the resistance
of asphalt pavements to major pavement distress. These
individual components have different physical and
mechanical properties. Their proportions, distribution, and
interactions within the internal structure of the asphalt
mixture affect the resulting mechanical performance, and
indicate their complex relationship.
Previous work have demonstrated that different
compaction methods have a signifcant effect on the
aggregates and air void distribution even though the
specimens are designed with identical volumetric properties.
This arises from the fact that two replicates of a test
specimen sometimes show a variation in their performance
which leaves researchers to produce at least three replicates
for verifcation. Therefore, characterisation of the asphalt
mixtures properties at the microstructure level is important
when studying the behaviour of the asphalt mixture.
In fact, without a clear understanding of the internal
structural properties, the evaluation of the mechanical
performance will be very limited. However, due to the
diffculty associated with quantitative measurements,
particularly in viewing the internal structure, most
investigations are restricted to mechanical testing which
relates to the macroscopic behaviour, particularly the stress
and the strain.
Recently, the technology of X-ray computed tomography
(CT) has attracted the interest of researchers in the study
of the material microstructure properties. X-ray CT is an
advanced imaging technique, which generates an image
from the density distribution of a specimens cross-section.
It is used to visualise features in the interior of a solid object
to obtain digital information from the captured images.
The frst commercial X-ray CT scanner was invented
by Sir Godfrey Hounsfeld in Hayes in 1973 at EM Central
Research Laboratories [1]. This technique which was frst
designed for medical diagnosis has led to its development
as a powerful non-destructive tool for characterising many
engineering materials such as concrete, rock, metals and
asphalt mixture. t is a promising technique for viewing
the internal structure because of its accuracy and non-
destructive nature, whereby the mixture would still be intact
for further mechanical testing.
The examined objects or materials could range
in sizes and types, where no prior preparation of the
specimen surface would be necessary. Therefore, X-ray
CT combined with instrument testing and image analysis
techniques would provide us with the capability to improve
the characterisation of microstructure properties and
monitor the damage evolution. Figure 1 shows the X-ray
CT machine which is used for scanning. This technique
provides the means to advance the feld of asphalt mixture
characterisation for enhancing Malaysia's engineering
research and interest through the introduction of the latest
technology in pavement engineering. However, it should
be highlighted that this technology is practical for any
engineering material.
X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING
This scanning technique makes use of the ability of
short wavelength electromagnetic radiation to penetrate
an object. Figure 2 shows the illustration of X-ray CT
components that consist of the X-ray source, the detector
and the object which is placed at the middle. The principle
behind this is that when X-rays pass through an object, they
are attenuated by absorption and scattered depending on
by Cik Norhidayah Abdul Hassan and
Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohd. Rosli Hainin
Figure 1: X-ray CT machine
Figure 2: Components of X-ray CT system [2]
FEATURE
TenCate Geosynthetics Malaysia Sdn Bhd
(company no. 180781-W)
14 Jalan Sementa 27/91
Seksyen 27
40400 Shah Alam
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Tel: +60 3 5192 8568 Fax: +60 3 5192 8575
Email: info.asia@tencate.com
www.tencategeosynthetics.com
Geosynthetics for
Marine & Hydraulics
Engineering
the properties of materials. The amount of absorption is a function of density
and thickness of the object. The CT image is highly sensitive to small density
differences in the materials.
The intensity of the X-ray is measured before and after it passes through
an object. The portion of radiation that penetrates an object forms a grey
scale projective image that will indicate the presence of an internal defect
and material distribution. Scanning of a slice is complete after collecting the
intensity measurements for a full rotation of an object cross-section. Then,
the object is shifted vertically by a fxed interval between slices and the
entire procedure is repeated to generate additional slices.
The captured images are interpreted to provide information concerning
the internal features. The higher the difference in densities, the better each
of the individual components may be identifed and distinguished from each
other. The grey colours in the image show the different density of the objects
in a two-dimensional (2D) image. An 8-bit image consists of 256 (28) grey
levels starting from 0 (black) to 255 (white) that correspond to different
densities within the specimen.
In a typical 2D slice from an asphalt mixture specimen, aggregates are
the brightest with the highest density, followed by mastic (bitumen and fne
particles) and the darkest are the air voids with the lowest density (Figure
3). The 2D image slices can be rendered to produce a three-dimensional
(3D) volume image. Using imaging software packages, the 3D image can be
virtually cut in vertical and horizontal directions at any angle. This volumetric
image enables more studies to be conducted on various aspects of the
asphalt mixture.
MICROSTRUCTURE CHARACTERISATION
A number of successful studies have used X-ray CT combined with image
analysis techniques to analyse the microstructure properties of asphalt
mixtures. The properties include the distribution of air voids particularly the
content, number, size and shape, while the damage can be characterised
in terms of the changes in air void properties and crack growth. Using the
'thresholding' technique, the air voids and cracks can be clearly distinguished
and segmented prior to analysis as shown in Figure 4.
Figure 3: Reconstruction of 2D CT slices to generate a 3D CT image [3]
Figure 4: (a) the X-ray image, (b) thresholding and (c) air voids and cracks
FEATURE
AIR VOIDS
Air voids play an important role in determining the resistance
of asphalt mixtures to major pavement damage including
rutting and fatigue cracking [4]. Though air voids possess
no mechanical strength, their distribution is important
in determining the overall mechanical response of the
material. Air voids which are either too great or too low can
cause a signifcant reduction in pavement performance.
Two specimens with the same air voids content may have
different distributions. Therefore, it would be of considerable
interest to capture and analyse the microstructure properties
of air voids such as their size, number and locations.
Previous studies have successfully utilised X-ray CT to
quantify the air void distribution at different depths in the
asphalt mixture specimen [2, 5]. maging software is used
to analyse the air voids on each image as a percentage of
the air voids area to the total area of the 2D image. This
technique applies the concept of 'stereology' which extracts
quantitative information about 3D material (volume) from a
measurement made on 2D sections of the material (area).
For validation, the average percentage of air voids
measured from the laboratory should compare favourably
with the average percentage of air voids measured from
X-ray images. In previous work, it was found that air void
distribution in gyratory specimens exhibit a bath-tub shape
where more air voids are present at the top and bottom parts
of a specimen. This shape is more pronounced at higher
compaction efforts as shown in Figure 5.
DAMAGE
The damage in asphalt mixtures can be defned as the
result of micro-cracks that initiate at the interface between
the aggregates and binder (adhesive failure) and within
the binder (cohesive failure) [6]. The damage distribution
has been shown to be non-uniform and it is not suffcient
to visually quantify the damage and relate it to the overall
deformation. When an asphalt mixture is subjected to
repeated loading, micro-structural damage tends to occur in
the form of micro-cracks. These micro-cracks and existing
air voids will propagate and grow under loading to become
macro-cracks that signifcantly decrease the mixture's
strength.
Therefore, detailed analysis of damage distribution
within the asphalt mixture needs to be carried out to better
defne its failure criteria. A few researchers have used X-ray
CT imaging technique to capture images of cross sections
in different orientations to quantify the damage distribution.
These images were used to yield damage parameters that
quantify the properties of cracks and air voids in a specimen.
Subsequently, many damage parameters for measuring
cracks and air voids properties were introduced, including
their distribution and changes in content, size, shape and
average spacing amongst the voids. These parameters are
able to refect the accumulation of damage under different
loading conditions. Since it is non-destructive, X-ray
CT can be performed on the specimen before and after
undergoing the mechanical testing. The same specimen
can be continuously tested for increased loading to monitor
the damage evolution at different loading stages until it
reaches ultimate failure. A study was conducted where
asphalt mixture specimens were X-rayed before and after
being deformed to prescribed strain levels in a triaxial
compression set up [7].
Three distinct regions were identifed in the tested
specimen, namely the top, middle and bottom regions.
Then, the increments in the air void content and crack
growth were compared between these regions (Figure 6).
Instead of air void content, statistical analyses of air void
size and its spatial distribution were found to give valuable
information leading to a better understanding of the damage
mechanisms in asphalt mixtures [8].
The larger the average size with smaller average
spacing between air voids, the larger the interaction among
the damaged surfaces; therefore, the lower the resistance
to fatigue and rutting. Another study addressed the same
point in developing a comprehensive methodology to
characterise fatigue cracking in asphalt mixtures [9].
CONCLUSION
The application of X-ray CT in characterising asphalt
mixtures can considerably provide valuable information and
contribute towards a deeper understanding of the pavement
Figure 5: Distribution of air voids in gyratory specimen [2]
Figure 6: Slices of X-ray images after damaging
FEATURE
TenCate Geosynthetics Malaysia Sdn Bhd
(company no. 180781-W)
14 Jalan Sementa 27/91
Seksyen 27
40400 Shah Alam
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Tel: +60 3 5192 8568 Fax: +60 3 5192 8575
Email: info.asia@tencate.com
www.tencategeosynthetics.com
Geosynthetics for
Wall & Slope
Reinforcements
from a microstructure perspective. This enables the optimisation of the
various parameters that describe the internal structure and relate them
to pavement performance in a scientifc way, particularly the mechanical
behaviour. Moreover, this technology can serve as a powerful forensic tool
in the hands of pavement engineers that will provide a foundation for building
more durable and long-lasting pavement structures.
REFERENCES
[1] A. G. Michette and C. J. Buckley, X-ray Science and Technology, Institute of Physics
Publishing, The Institute of Physics, London, 1993.
[2] E. Masad, V. K. Jandhyala, N. Dasgupta, N. Somadevan and N. Shashidhar,
Characterization of Air Void Distribution in Asphalt Mixes using X-ray Computed
Tomography, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2002, Vol. 14, No 2, pp. 122-129.
[3] M. Reza Razavi, Characterisation of Microstructure and Internal Displacement Field
of Sand Using X-ray Computed Tomography, PhD. dissertation, Washington State
University, 2006.
[4] C. L. Monismith, Analytically Based Asphalt Pavement Design and Rehabilitation,
Transportation Research Record, 1992, No. 1354, pp. 5-26.
[5] L. Tashman, E. Masad, B. Peterson and H. Saleh, Internal Structure Analysis of
Asphalt Mixes to Improve the Simulation of Superpave Gyratory Compaction to Field
Conditions, Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 2001, Vol. 70,
pp. 605-645.
[6] Y. R. Kim, H. J. Lee, Y. Kim and D. N. Little, Mechanistic Evaluation of Fatigue
Damage Growth and Healing of Asphalt Concrete: Laboratory and Field Experiments,
Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Asphalt Pavements, International
Society for Asphalt Pavements, 1997, pp. 1089-1107.
[7] L. Tashman, E. Masad, D. Little and R. Lytton, Damage Evolution in Triaxial Compression
Tests of HMA at High Temperatures, Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 2004,
Vol. 73, pp. 53-87.
[8] L. B. Wang, J. D. Frost and N. Shasidhar, Microstructure Study of Westrack Mixture
from X-ray Tomography Images, Transportation Research Record, 2001, No. 1767, pp.
85-94.
[9] I. Sung, Damage Analysis in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures Based on Parameter
Relationships, PhD. dissertation, Texas A & M University, 2004.
1SUDOKU
Centerpiece "1"
Develop both sides of the brain with 1Sudoku
by Mr. Lim Teck Guan
Fill in the remaining 80
squares with single digits
1-9 such that there is no
repeat of the digit in every
Row, Column and Block of
nine squares. The number
at the top left hand corner
of the dotted cage indicates
the total for the digits that
the cage encompasses.
For tips on solving, visit
www.1sudoku.com.my
Twin Tree Publishing
(Solution is on page 31 of this
issue.)
1
15 9 17 17 5 8
10 11 13 7
11 8 22
11 20 20
10 21 18
13 14 12 9
4 15 10
6 19 15 9
14 11
ENGINEERING DIGEST
Work to Start on Seremban-Nilai Link
ConsLrucuon of a new 8M160 mllllon lnLerchange aL km267.8
beLween Seremban and nllal wlll sLarL nexL monLh and due for
compleuon ln 2014. 1he lnLerchange, wlLh a 12-lane Loll plaza, wlll
llnk Lo Lhe sLaLe road n38, !alan Labu and Slme uarby's 8andar
Alnsdale, and ls expecLed Lo beneL more Lhan 40,000 road users.
Malayslan Plghway AuLhorlLy (MPA) dlrecLor-general uaLuk lsmall
Md. Salleh sald Lhey needed Lo be careful ln plannlng Lhe masslve
work as lL was a busy sLreLch. We are ln Lhe process of dlgglng
soll before sLarung Lo bulld Lhe lnLerchange. lL may need some
ume buL lf everyLhlng goes well, we can sLarL work nexL monLh,"
he sald. 1he consLrucuon of Lhe proposed fourLh lane aL several
spoLs along Lhe hlghway, almed aL easlng congesuon, would cosL
8M1.4 bllllon and could Lake up Lo four years Lo compleLe. Pe sald
hlghway concesslonalre lus Malaysla 8erhad would pay for Lhe
pro[ecL, whlch would sLarL slmulLaneously Lhls monLh and due
for compleuon ln 2013. 1he pro[ecL covers Lhe Shah Alam-Sungal
8uloh sLreLch lnvolvlng 16.1km, 8uklL Lan[an-!alan uuLa Loll (7km),
Sungal 8uloh-8awang (13.1km) and norLh nllal-Seremban (27km).
(Sourced from the New Straits Times, 12 September 2012)
Going Beyond Just Adding Solar
PaneIs and Water-Efcient Tanks
A renowned Malayslan archlLecL and ecologlsL ken ?eang belleves
LhaL bulldlng owners and properLy developers need Lo go beyond
addlng solar panels and waLer-emclenL Lanks Lo facades merely
for accredlLauon. A green slgn-o by governmenLs does noL
necessarlly make a bulldlng green. Accordlng Lo ur ?eang, Lruly
green bulldlngs lncorporaLe cllmaLe, envlronmenL and Lhe people
who use lL. MosL archlLecLs Loday focus on Lhe englneerlng slde
of greenlng bulldlngs, buL LhaL's only one aspecL. 1here's more
Lo lL Lhan [usL pumng ln Lechnology. l look aL pro[ecLs ln a more
ecologlcal way by looklng aL Lhe specles of ora and fauna ln Lhe
envlronmenL ln relauon Lo Lhe cllmaLe. Pumans are a specles Loo,
so lL's abouL deslgnlng bulldlngs wlLhln a llvlng sysLem, raLher Lhan
removlng Lhem compleLely."
Cne of hls laLesL pro[ecLs ln Slngapore, Solarls aL one-norLh, has
been shorLllsLed ln 8rlLaln for Lhls year's presuglous annual 8oyal
lnsuLuLe of 8rlush ArchlLecLs' LubeLkln rlze, an award presenLed
Lo Lhe besL new lnLernauonal bulldlng ouLslde Lhe Luropean
unlon. ur ?eang emphaslsed, Creen archlLecLure deserves
lLs own aesLheuc and look. ?ou can'L [usL call a normal bulldlng
green because you've sLued lL wlLh green englneerlng sysLems
or machlnes. 1here are many prlnclples we Lry and deslgn around,
Lo brlng pleasure Lo people who use Lhese bulldlngs, and deslgn
Lhem ln slmple ways wlLhouL spendlng a loL of money. lL can be
done. 1haL's Lhe maglc of archlLecLure."
(Sourced from The Star, 17 September 2012)
French Firm Taps Strand's Expertise
lrench englneerlng rm AkkA 1echnologles plans Lo leverage on
Lhe experuse of local englneerlng company SLrand Aerospace
Malaysla by drawlng from Lhe lauer's pool of englneers.
We have a lack of englneers ln Lurope and lL ls dlmculL Lo nd
ones wlLh Lhe relevanL experuse," sald vlce resldenL of AkkA,
SLephane WolLok. AkkA and SLrand Aerospace slgned a cooperauon
agreemenL LhaL wlll see Lhe former Lapplng hlgh quallLy englneers
LhaL Lhe lauer ls produclng. AkkA has already moblllsed SLrand
Aerospace's resources ln lrance and ln Malaysla Lo supporL currenL
aerospace conLracLs for sLress and deslgn englneerlng. Chlef
Cperaung Cmcer of SLrand Aerospace, nagulb Mohd. nor sald Lhe
Malayslan company had already senL 13 Malayslan englneers Lo
AkkA, an engagemenL valued aL over 8M3 mllllon so far. We're
looklng aL 30 Lo 33 englneers ln LoLal by year-end. lL depends on
Lhe number of englneers LhaL AkkA would need and Lhe quallLy
and capablllLy of Lhe englneers we can produce," he sald. 1he alm
of Lhe collaborauon wlLh AkkA was Lo enable Malaysla Lo develop
and nurLure beuer quallLy englneers. 1hrough Lhls collaborauon,
SLrand Aerospace would also be able Lo beneL from Lhe work and
Lechnology LhaL Lhe lrench company would be oMoadlng" Lo lLs
Malayslan englneers. Pe polnLed ouL LhaL one of Lhe key LargeLs
under Lhe Lconomlc 1ransformauon rogramme was Lo grow an
lndusLry employlng nearly 12,000 englneers by 2020.
Bright Prospects for Engineering
Graduates
Lnglneerlng sLudenLs have brlghL prospecLs ahead of Lhem as
Malaysla needs more Lhan 82,000 englneers by 2020 Lo become
a developed nauon, sald Works MlnlsLer, uaLuk Serl Shazlman Abu
Mansor. Pe sald LhaL compared Lo developed counLrles such as
Cermany and SouLh korea, Malaysla was lagglng behlnd wlLh one
englneer for every 330 people as opposed Lo Lhe Lwo counLrles,
whlch have one englneer for every 100 people. Shazlman polnLed
ouL LhaL Lhe laLesL sLausuc from Lhe 8oards of Lnglneers Malaysla
showed LhaL Lhere are currenLly 63,000 qualled englneers ln Lhe
counLry. 1he CovernmenL has many pro[ecLs ln Lhe plpellne whlch
wlll requlre Lhe servlces of englneers. Pe also sald LhaL many of Lhe
pro[ecLs requlred englneerlng experuse. Pe clLed LhaL Lhe pro[ecLs
lnclude Lhe engerang lnLegraLed eLroleum Complex ln !ohor and
Lhe Mass 8apld 1ranslL (M81) pro[ecLs ln Lhe klang valley.
MonoraiI Depot Construction WiII
Not Cause FIoods
1he ueparLmenL of lrrlgauon and uralnage (ulu) has glven lLs
assurance LhaL Lhe consLrucuon of a Monorall depoL would noL
cause any ood problems ln 8rlckelds. lLs ulrecLor Ceneral,
uaLuk Ahmad Puslanl Sulalman sald Lhe resldenLs need noL Lo
be concerned abouL ood lssues. 1he sLakeholders are concern
abouL Lhe consLrucuon of elghL plers on Lhe banks of klang rlver,
whlch ls belng bullL Lo supporL an access road Lo Lhe depoL. 1he
resldenLs are concern LhaL Lhe plers wlll hlnder Lhe ow of waLer,"
he sald. Puslanl sald Lhe developer has done Lhe hydraullc sLudles
and has Laken lnLo accounL Lhe ood mlugauon sysLems Lhey have
ln place. When Lhe consLrucuon of Lhe plers ls compleLed, and
Lhere ls ralnfall, Lhe waLer level ln Lhe area wlll be aL a manageable
level because of Lhe 8aLu/!lngang pond and Lhe SLormwaLer
ManagemenL and 8oad 1unnel (SMA81). 1here wlll noL be any back
ow aL Lhe rlver," he sald.
(Sourced from the New Straits Times, 10 September 2012)
SAFE TEA TIME
Record Retention
AS we are now approaching the end of the year, it is a good
time to carry out some housekeeping chores. Were you
hoping to discard all your old fles? Hold on to that thought of
yours for a moment! Did you know that there are regulatory
requirements on record retention? f you did not, read on to
fnd out more.
Well, in all lines of work (and in personal life too
think about the taxation of your income), we need to keep
records. All these relevant records have been created and
used for various purposes, as for instance, to demonstrate
compliance with procedures during an audit and so forth.
n the Occupational Safety and Health legislations, there
are provisions for record retention and in specifc areas the
retention duration is specifed. However, in other situations
it is still open to interpretation. n addition, many companies
have record retention policies. Thus, it is essential to know
the record retention policies of your company.
Let us start with the Occupational Safety and Health
Act 1994. Under provision 66(2) (n), the Ministry may make
regulations that require employers to preserve records and
other documents. Meanwhile, under regulation 38(3) of the
Factories and Machinery Act 1967, the Factory General
Register, and every other register, record and certifcate
shall be kept for at least 2 years from the date of last entry in
the register or record.
Here are some excerpts pertaining to Record Retention,
Transfer and Disposal under the two Acts. Keep in mind that
this is a guide and not the complete list.
by Ir. Shum Keng Yan
Legislation Ref Type Description Duration
Occupational Safety and Health Act
1994
66 (2) (n) Record
Keeping
Employers to keep and preserve records and
other documents
Not Stated
Occupational Safety and Health
(Safety and Health Committee)
Regulations 1996
27 (2) Minutes
of Meetings
Minutes of Meeting of the Safety and Health
Committee
YOG + 7 years
(Safety and Health Offcer)
Regulations 1997
20 (3) S&H Report Safety and Health Offcer's report YOG + 10 years
(Use and Standard of Exposure of
Chemicals Hazardous to Health)
Regulations 2000
13 (1)
30 (3)
30 (3)
Assessment
Report
Chemical Health Risk Assessment report
Upon expiry of retention period and prior to
disposal, notify Director General
Transmit to Director General if requested
YOG + 30 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
19 Equipment
Records
Design, construction, testing, inspection,
examination and maintenance of engineering
control equipment records
Unspecifed
22 (4) Training
Records
Training programme records Unspecifed
26 (4) (a)
26 (4) (b)
30 (3)
30 (3)
Exposure
Monitoring
Representative of personal exposure to
chemical hazardous to health
Any other case
YOG + 30 years
YOG + 5 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
27 (4)
30 (3)
30 (3)
Health
Surveillance
Health surveillance records
YOG + 30 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
Under Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994:
SAFE TEA TIME
30 (1)
30 (2)
Retention
of Records
Transfer records to successor after ceasing
business
No successor after ceasing business
transmit to Chief nspector
Prior to ceasing
Prior to ceasing
(Notifcation of Accident, Dangerous
Occurrence, Occupational Poisoning
and Occupational Disease)
Regulations 2004
10 (2) NADOPOD
Register
Register of accident, dangerous occurrence,
occupational poisoning and
occupational disease
YOG + 5 years
Under Factories and Machinery Act 1967:
Factories and Machinery
Act 1967
38 (3) Registers and
Certifcates
Factory General Register, every other register, record
or certifcate
YOG + 2 years
(Lead)
Regulations 1984
49 (3)
53 (3)
53 (3)
Exposure
Monitoring
Exposure Monitoring records
Upon expiry of retention period and prior to disposal,
notify Chief nspector
Transmit to Chief nspection if requested
YOG + 2 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
50 (3)
50 (3)
Medical
Surveillance
Medical Surveillance records under 50 (1) and 50 (2)
Transmit to Chief nspection after termination
DEE
Within 3 months
51 (3)
53 (3)
53 (3)
Medical
Removal
Medical Removal records
Transmit to Chief nspection if requested
DEE
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
53 (1)
53 (2)
Transfer of
records
Transfer records to successor after ceasing business
No successor after ceasing business transmit to
Chief nspector
Prior to ceasing
Prior to ceasing
(Asbestos Process)
Regulations 1986
23
26 (3)
26 (3)
Medical
Reports
Medical Reports (Medical Examination, X-Ray, etc.)
Transmit to Chief nspectior if requested
DEE + 20 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
24
26 (3)
26 (3)
Personal
Monitoring
Personal Monitoring of employees records
DEE
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
26 (1)
26 (2)
Transfer of
records
Chief nspector
Prior to ceasing
Prior to ceasing
(Noise Exposure)
Regulations 1989
29 (3)
32 (3)
32 (3)
Exposure
Monitoring
Exposure Monitoring records
DEE
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
30 (3)
32 (3)
32 (3)
Audiometric
Test
Audiometric Test records
DEE + 5 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
32 (1)
32 (2)
Transfer of
records
Chief nspector
Prior to ceasing
Prior to ceasing
SAFE TEA TIME
(Mineral Dust)
Regulations 1989
30 (2)
33 (3)
33 (3)
Medical
Reports
Medical Reports (Medical Examination, X-Ray, etc.)
DEE + 20 years
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
31
33 (3)
33 (3)
Personal
Monitoring
Personal Monitoring of employees records
DEE
3 months prior to
disposal
During notifcation
period
33 (1)
33 (2)
Transfer of
records
Chief nspector
Prior to ceasing
Prior to ceasing
Did you know that the Codes of Practice also contain
provisions on record retention? Let this be the homework for
your Safety Person-in-Charge.
Well, it is time for you to fnd out if you still have those
records! Do share your views with us on record retention;
just email to: pub@iem.org.my.
Happy Deepavali!
Notes:
YOG: Year of Generation (or last updated) of the record
DEE: Duration of Employee's Employment
FORUM
AFEO Mid-Term Meeting
2012 Spouses Programme
IEM NEGERI SEMBILAN BRANCH
THE AFEO Mid-Term Meeting 2012 Spouses Programme
was specially arranged by the Malaysia Tourism Promotion
Board (MTPB), popularly known as Tourism Malaysia,
to keep the spouses of the delegates entertained while
their partners were attending the ASEAN Federation of
Engineering Organisations (AFEO) Mid-Term Meeting 2012.
It was also an opportunity to introduce Malaysian culture
and traditions to our guests from neighbouring nations.
Upon arrival at the airport, the delegates and their
spouses were chauffeured to the Royal Bintang Hotel,
Seremban. The delegates and their spouses were treated
to a sumptuous lunch at the hotel before the activities
began. While the delegates were getting ready for their
offcial meeting, the committee members of nstitution of
Engineers, Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan branch, gathered
with the spouses of the delegates for the AFEO Spouses
Programme.
Three offcers from Tourism Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan,
were assigned to facilitate this programme. The trip started
at 3.00 p.m. The participants were chauffeured to the frst
destination, Pusat Kraftangan Negeri Sembilan, where they
were exposed to all sorts of handicraft, musical instruments
and costumes originating from Negeri Sembilan. After
exploring for an hour, the participants continued their trip to
the next destination, Pelegong Homestay, Negeri Sembilan.
Under the Pelegong Homestay programme, the
participants had a chance to enjoy the warm hospitality of
the host families and be part of the households by joining
them in their daily activities. During the reception, drinks and
refreshments were served, while the Head of the Pelegong
Homestay gave a welcoming speech to the participants.
Subsequently, the participants, especially those who
liked cooking, were entertained to a traditional delicacy
cooking demonstration, where they learnt about the
cooking method and recipe of the popular Negeri Sembilan
dish, ayam masak lemak cili api. Some of the participants
recorded the cooking demonstration with their cameras.
The participants also had a chance to savour the local
delicacies which were prepared during the cooking session.
After the meal, the participants were offered a hands-on
experience in making handicraft, where they were taught
how to weave rattan into a small basket. Remarkably, the
participants were quite creative and came up with various
ideas to weave by themselves some nice and colourful
baskets. After the weaving session, Malaysian fruits such
as durians and mangosteens were served.
by Ir. Vasukey A/P Palany Kumar
Cooking demonstration ayam masak lemak cili api
Enjoying the fruits of their labour!
Participants listening intently during the weaving session
FORUM
The session ended with a closing speech by the
Head of Pelegong Homestay, whereupon he urged the
participants to visit the Pelegong Homestay again with
their families and friends. The participants thanked the
staff of Pelegong Homestay before they headed back
to the hotel. All in all, the AFEO Mid-Term Meeting
2012 Spouses Programme was a success, as it went
on smoothly as planned, and the committee members
had received positive feedback from the participants,
stating that they had had a memorable and wonderful
experience throughout the trip.
Group photo
CALL FOR SUBMISSION OF
MANUSCRIPTS FOR IEM JOURNAL
The IEM Journal is an engineering peer-reviewed publication
issued quarterly by The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
(IEM). The IEM Journal is dedicated to increasing the scope
and depth of research across all areas of engineering.
The IEM Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts
that meet the general criteria of signifcance and scientifc
excellence in any of the engineering felds, and will publish:
Original articles on fndings from basic and applied
research;
Case studies;
Critical reviews, surveys, options, commentaries and
essays.
We invite you to submit your manuscripts to:
The Principal Journal Editor
Standing Committee on nformation and Publications
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
Lots 60/62, Jalan 52/4, P.O. Box 223 (Jalan Sultan)
46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan
E-mail: pub@iem.org.my / sec@iem.org.my
Note:
Submission of a contribution is taken to manifest the fact that
the paper has NOT been submitted, accepted, published or
copyrighted elsewhere.
For the guidelines, please go to http://www.myiem.org.my/
content/guidelines_for_journal_authors-365.aspx.
FORUM
A Visit to Bio-Cosmetics Facility
of SIRIM Berhad, Shah Alam
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING TECHNICAL DIVISION
A group consisting of 20 IEM members and non-members,
accompanied by Engr. Dr Chong Chien Hwa (committee
member) and Ms. Kek Mei Tzy (secretariat) from Chemical
Engineering Technical Division (CETD) recently visited
SIRIM Berhads Bio-Cosmetics Facility in Shah Alam. The
highlight of the day was the visit to the Polyhydroxylalkanoate
(PHA) Bioplastic pilot plant.
SIRIM Berhad has been operating in Malaysia for over
40 years. The mission of the company is to be among the
best in the world in terms of quality and technology, with
particular emphasis on nanotechnology, biotechnology,
renewable energy, metrology, automotive component and
green materials.
As Malaysia is rich in natural resources and biodiversity,
SIRIM Berhads biotechnology division spearheads
research in the industrial biotechnology and bio-cosmetic.
Its team of experienced scientists and engineers led by Dr
Ahmad Hazri b. Ab. Rashid, General Manager of Industrial
Biotechnology Research Centre, assist entrepreneurs in
developing products that are safe for both the environment
and society. The bio-cosmetics programme is one of the
research programmes under the Industrial Biotechnology
Center. Natural product research for bioactive metabolites,
bio-based chemicals, cosmeceuticals and nutraceuticals
are conducted.
The research and development activities as well as
services conducted by SIRIM include extraction and
purifcation, standardisation, profling, identifcation of
actives, biological activity studies, safety and biocompatibility
evaluations, in-vitro and in-vivo product effcacy studies,
product formulation and delivery technology.
This visit provided the participants with some insight
on the bio-cosmetics research and testing conducted by
SIRIM Berhad in ensuring that the products meet the safety
standards. The visit included viewing of complete laboratory
facilities available at the Centre to develop cosmetic and
topical products starting from laboratory scale to pilot
production. The visited facilities included the extraction
and purifcation laboratories, the safety and biocompatibility
laboratory, the product formulation laboratory, the extraction
and fermentation pilot plant facilities, a Cosmetic Good
Manufacturing Practice (GMP) pilot plant and the fully-
automated PHA Bioplastic pilot plant.
by Engr. Dr Chong Chien Hwa
Dr Ahmad Hazri bin Ab. Rashid explaining to the participants
about the products produced by SIRIM
Extraction and fermentation pilot plant
Cosmetic good manufacturing practice (GMP) pilot plant
FORUM
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2, Jalan Kilang, 46050 Petaling Jaya,
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Tel : (603) 7787 2000
Fax : (603) 7781 7675 / 7787 2129
www.lafarge.com.my
STEEL FIBER
The PHA Bioplastic pilot plant produces versatile
biodegradable plastic materials from crude palm kernel
oil and palm oil mill effuent with a capacity of 2,000 litres.
The strain to produce PHA was developed and palm oil
mill effuents are converted to organic acid, which is then
fermented to produce bioplastic material.
At the end of the session, a token of appreciation was
presented to Dr Zanariah Ujang, Head of Marketing and
Sales Section Research and Technology Development
Division by session chairperson, Engr. Dr Chong Chien
Hwa.
Fully automated PHA bioplastic pilot plant
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FORUM
KLRCA Construction Industry
Payment and Adjudication Act
(CIPAA) 2012
CONSULTING ENGINEERS SPECIAL INTEREST GROUP
THE Kuala Lumpur Regional Centre for Arbitration (KLRCA)
recently held its frst conversion training course for the
members of the KLRCA Panel of Arbitrators at the Novotel
Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, following the recent ratifcation of the
Construction Industry Payment and Adjudication Act 2012
by Parliament.
More than 50 members took part in the training course.
Subsequently, the second conversion training course was
organised one month after the frst conversion training
course was held.
Members of the Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM)
who participated in the two-day conversion training course,
and who successfully became part of the frst batch of the
KLRCA panel of Adjudicators include:
i. Ir. Chong P. E., Vice President of IEM, Chairman, PPC
and Arbitrators Appointment/ADR Advisory Board, PPC
ii. Ir. Dr Ooi Teik Aun, Chairman DRP subcommittee, PPC
and Chairman CESG, Activities
iii. Ir. Chong Thaw Sing
iv. Ir. Leon Weng Seng
v. Ir. Gong Ngie Dee
vi. Ir. Dr Wong Fook Keong
vii. Ir. Lim Kok Hing
viii. Ir. Oon Chee Kheng
ix. Ir. Vincent Lim Kuo Phau
x. Ir. Yong Hee Leong.
by Ir. Dr Ooi Teik Aun
Participants listening attentively to the speaker during the course
The course moderator conducting the frst training session
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FORUM
A Technical Visit to the
Meteorological Station at
Bayan Lepas Penang Airport
TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON WIND LOADING, IEM
A team of four members of the IEM Technical Committee
on Wind Loading, namely Ir. Prof. Dr Jeffrey Chiang, Ir.
Tu Yong Eng, Engr. Prof. Dr Azmi Ibrahim and Mr. Kang
Thean Shong, recently participated in a technical visit to the
Meteorological Offce and Station at Bayan Lepas, Penang
Airport. The Technical Committee (TC) members boarded
the 50-minute domestic fight at the old Subang Airport at
10.30 a.m. The visit was made possible through the kind
arrangement of Mr. Kang, the Director of the Malaysian
Meteorological Department (MMD) who is based in the
Headquarters of MMD located in Petaling Jaya, and who
is in charge of Commercial operations, Climatology and
Hydrology.
The TC members arrived at the Bayan Lepas Airport and
were brought to the MMD station which was adjacent to the
new wing of the refurbished airport. Interestingly, the MMD
offce is only 50 metres away from the tarmac, where the
TC members had disembarked from the Firefy propeller-
driven airplane. Theoretically, the TC members could just
walk over to the station from the airplane. However, in
order to adhere to the security clearance procedure, all
passengers were directed to go into the terminal, and exit
via the designated checkpoints.
The delegation was welcomed into the MMD station
by the Offce Director, Mr. Loh Eng Kee. Both Mr. Loh and
Mr. Kang are experienced MMD offcers and were able to
give an overall briefng on the operations of the station, in
terms of its functions and its role in providing up-to-date and
reliable weather forecast to the aviation sector, media and
government agencies, and as and when required for public
knowledge. The department also plays a role in providing an
early detection and warning system for tsunamis originating
from the northern part of Sumatra and the Andaman Sea.
Consequently, the discussion revolved around wind
directions, and the typical movement of typhoons which
develop off the South China Sea or Pacifc Ocean and
which normally move up northwards towards the southern
China coast, Hong Kong and Taiwan. In one of the rare
cases which occurred at the end of 2001, a tropical storm,
Vamei, formed over the South China Sea east of the
Johor coastline, and moved westwards over the southern
peninsula of Malaysia to the Straits of Malacca, causing
fairly widespread damage along its track.
After the welcoming lunch, Mr. Loh proceeded to offer
a frst-hand tour of the station facility, in particular the
measuring anemometer instruments within the vicinity of
the station. In addition to that, the visitors were also taken on
a tour of the single-storey annex, where the computerised
instruments to record measured wind speeds were
installed. The measurement of wind speeds would all be
automatically captured and then sent electronically to the
main MMD Headquarters in Petaling Jaya. As in most parts
of Malaysia, excessive wind speeds could cause damage
to weak structures, while thunderstorm downbursts could
uproot trees. However, it is most diffcult to obtain accurate
wind speed profling in a thunderstorm condition.
This visit aims to provide the TC members a frst-
hand look of the layout of typical wind speed measuring
instruments in MMD stations located along the coastal zone
in Peninsular Malaysia. The two previously organised visits
to MMD were inland visits, namely to the old Subang Airport
and Cameron Highlands.
Following are some of the common defnitions related to
the measurement of wind speed:
Basic wind speed is defned as the mean hourly wind
speed with an annual risk of exceedance of 0.02, or having
an annual return period of 1/0.02 = 50 years irrespective of
wind direction, at 10m above fat open terrain at sea level
which extends at least 100km in all directions. There are a
number of equivalent ways to interpret this value of risk. It
could be interpreted as:
i. A 1 in 50 chance of exceedance in any one year;
ii. A mean recurrence interval of 50 years; or
iii. A 63% chance of exceedance in any 50-year period.
The above risk caters for normal building structures, whereas
critical structures such as nuclear plants are designed to a
much smaller risk, i.e. 10
-4
, or a mean recurrence interval of
10,000 years.
The other measured wind speed is the sites wind
speed, which is an intermediate value of wind speed that
was introduced to separate the factors dependent on local
climate from other factors. It represents the mean hourly
wind speed 10m above ground level at the site with the
desired annual risk of exceedance.
The current MS1553:2002 prescribed the 3-second
gust wind speeds, which is suitable for Malaysia due to
its frequent thunderstorm winds. Wind is measured in
both sustained wind speeds, and 3-second gusts. When
an announced weather report states, Winds out of the
southwest at 40 km/h with gusts of up to 64 km/h, the 40
km/h is the sustained wind speed, and the 64 km/h velocity
is a measured 3-second gust. Both 3-second gust wind
by Ir. Prof. Dr Jeffrey Chiang Choong Luin
FORUM
speeds and sustained wind speeds are used as input
variables for building construction codes, especially in
areas where buildings have to withstand strong winds
such as hurricanes.
Structural engineers in Malaysia are expected to
refer to MS1553:2002 to ascertain the design wind speed
which in turn will lead to a design wind pressure to be
applied as wind loading or actions against the building
structure being designed. This standard is an adoption
of the Australian and New Zealand Standard AS1170.2
2002 on wind loads.
In the Malaysian Standard for wind loads, basic wind
speeds for selected stations in Peninsular Malaysia are
provided as a reference. Besides this, a geographic
map of Peninsular Malaysia is also included, in which
two reference wind speed zones are identifed. The
surrounding coastal areas (up to 50km inland) are
accorded a zonal wind speed of 32 m/s (or 115 km/h),
while the inland areas, consisting of mountain ranges are
tagged with a wind speed of 33 m/s (or 119 km/h). The
reference wind speed in the geographic map is used in
the simplifed method in determining the wind loads.
At the moment, the standard is up for a review,
and changes are expected, not only in putting in the
necessary amendments, in line with various changes
made to the latest revision of AS1170.2, but also the
basic wind speeds as presented for the various wind
speed stations.
In MS1553:2002, the design wind pressure, p
(measured in N/m
2
), is determined for structures and
parts of structures using the following equation:
p (0.5 p
air
) [V
des
,]
2
C
fg
C
dyn
where
V
des
= building design wind speed, which takes into
account importance factor
C
fg
= aerodynamic shape factor
C
dyn
= dynamic response factor
p
air
= density of air which can be taken as 1.225 kg/m
3
The problem faced by the TC on Wind Loading is the
determination of wind speed profles from wind speed
measuring stations. It was fortunate that the MMD
station in Bayan Lepas on the day of the visit was able
to demonstrate the release of a wind station balloon at
2.00 p.m. A fxed theodolite at the designated position
was used to pinpoint the exact location of the released
balloon at time intervals. The following table offers an
indication of the measured wind speed at increasing
heights from the time the balloon was released:
Height of released balloon,
ft (m)
Measured wind speed,
knots (m/s)
1000 (303) 4 (2)
2000 (606) 7 (3.5)
3000 (909) 5 (2.5)
4000 (1333) 8 (4)
Table 1: Measured wind speed profle
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FORUM
The results from Table 1 show that the profle is quite
haphazard and irregular.
The published typical wind speeds for selected stations at
Bayan Lepas and other northern stations are indicated in
Table 2.
Towards the end of the on-site briefng and tour, Mr.
Loh Eng Kee treated the visitors to a sumptuous dinner at
a nearby famous Penang nasi kandar restaurant. At the end
of the visit, the head of the delegation, Ir. Prof. Dr Jeffrey
Chiang thanked the gracious host for the kind hospitality
extended to the IEM delegation, and presented a souvenir
to Mr. Loh for his detailed briefng and explanation to the
visitors. Finally, the delegation departed from the station just
in time to catch the last fight back to Subang Airport at 9.30
p.m.
A theodolite equipment (in front) was on standby to record positions of a
released balloon flled with helium, which was released to measure wind
speed. In the background, a plane can be seen landing on the runway
of Bayan Lepas Airport
Town Wind speed (m/s) at
50-year return period
Alor Setar 29.9
Bayan Lepas 27.5
Cameron Highland 26.8
Ipoh 33.5
Kuantan 29.8
Kota Bahru 32.4
Table 2: Typical wind speeds [Source: MS1553:2002]
Ir. Prof. Dr J Chiang presenting a token of appreciation to the MMD station
Director, Mr. Loh Eng Kee, on behalf of the IEM delegation (From left to
right: Assoc. Prof. Dr Azmi Ibrahim, Ir. Tu Yong Eng, Ir. Prof.
Dr J Chiang, Mr. Loh Eng Kee and Mr. Kang Thean Shong)
IEM DIARY OF EVENTS
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the upcoming events.
oung Lng|neers Secnon
4 & 5 December 2012 (Tuesday & Wednesday)
2-Day Course on We|d|ng know|edge and Its App||canon |n
Lng|neer|ng Construcnon
Time : 8.30 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.
Venue : Tan Sri Prof. Chin Fung Kee Auditorium, Wisma IEM
Speaker : Ir. Nik
Mohd. Hasmizie
Water Resources Technical Division
5 December 2012 (Wednesday)
Talk on Time for Change: Develop Invisible Water Resources
Sustainably
Time : 5.30 a.m. to 7.30 p.m.
Speaker : Ir. Dr Azuhan bin Mohamed
Registration Fees Normal
Online
IEM Student Member RM275 RM250
IEM Graduate Member RM495 RM450
IEM Corporate Member RM715 RM650
Non IEM Member RM935 RM850
Geotechnical Engineering Technical Division
13 December 2012 (Thursday)
1a|k on C|rcu|ar Lxcavanons Us|ng D|aphragm Wa||s
Time : 5.30 a.m. to 7.30 p.m.
Speaker : Dr Jack W. Pappin
Geotechnical Engineering Technical Division
14 December 2012 (Friday)
1-Day Workshop on Earthquake Engineering
Time : 9.00 a.m. to 5.30 p.m.
Speaker : Dr Jack W. Pappin
Registration Fees Normal
Online
IEM Student Member RM110 RM100
IEM Graduate Member RM110 RM100
IEM Corporate Member RM375 RM350
Non IEM Member RM550 RM500
FORUM
Bored Tunnelling in Urban
Environments Design and
Construction Issues: What
Can Be A Problem and Why?
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNICAL DIVISION
THE Tunnelling and Underground Space Technical Division
of the Institution of Engineers, Malaysia, recently organised
a talk on Bored Tunnelling in Urban Environments Design
and Construction Issues: What Can Be A Problem and
Why? at Wisma IEM. Attended by 70 participants, the talk
was delivered by Mr. Paul Heslop, the Technical Director
of Amberg & TTI Engineering Pte. Ltd., Singapore. Mr.
Heslop is a Chartered Engineer in the United Kingdom and
a Professional Geologist in the United States of America
(USA), who has extensive and diverse experience in the
feld of geotechnical and tunnel engineering. He provides
consultation services to clients on major underground rail
and road infrastructure projects.
According to Heslop, the successful design and
construction of a bored tunnel project, especially when in
an urban environment, present a unique set of challenges
for the owners, contractors and consultants involved.
The speaker identifed and discussed these challenges,
highlighting what could go wrong, why it happened and
how to best mitigate the risks involved. He also addressed
a wide range of issues that are relevant to the clients
organisation, contractors and consultants associated with
project planning, procurement, detailed design, statutory
approvals, construction works, interfaces with third parties,
construction supervision, instrumentation and quality
control. Heslop also provided some recommendations
on the key issues and risks that should be identifed and
addressed at each stage of a project.
Heslop then deliberated on the problems and issues that
normally occur in tunnel projects from the planning stage
to construction stage such as not getting the information
needed, no permission for access from a third party, poor
geotechnical interpretation and incomplete information.
Consequently, these issues if not resolved could end up
causing problems such as too many assumptions being made
in the design, unforeseen or different ground conditions and
obstructions encountered during construction, unexpected
mixed face ground conditions and unplanned interventions,
which are not uncommon in a tunneling project.
According to Heslop, the following are some of the key
items that should be considered during the project planning
stage:
(a) Project Overview What is the intended structure to be
built and its purpose which includes the structure size
and shape?
(b) Performance or Design Criteria What is the
design life and constraints on movement, groundwater
drawdown and vibration?
(c) Location Where can the structure be located with
consideration of any adjacent sensitive structures and
interfacing with third parties?
(d) Construction How will the structure be built with
consideration on the excavation techniques and where
will the work area or site access be located?
(e) Cost and Schedule What is the budget and schedule
for the project?
(f) Contract How will the project be procured with
consideration of what type of contract to be used and
what are the approvals required?
by Ir. Andrew Yeow Pow Kwei
FORUM
In the second part of his presentation, the principle and key elements of a
Geotechnical Baseline Report (GBR) was discussed with the salient points
summarised below:
GBR is a Contract Document for the allocation of commercial subsurface
construction risk by setting a contractual baseline of site conditions for
fair bidding and execution.
Baseline is a contractual statement of the conditions to be encountered
during subsurface construction and is used to determine when differing
site conditions exist. It is always set at slightly worse than the expected
conditions, depending on the risk allocation strategy of the owner.
It is not a design document and shall not be considered as an interpretation
of the ground condition, i.e. NOT a statement of geotechnical fact.
However, it puts identifcation and allocation of ground risk at the forefront
which could lower the cost of project.
GBR is not for risk mitigation or safety.
It must be clear and unambiguous to potential claims and shall clearly
state what needs to happen and paid for in the event of a change.
GBR must be fnalised before the contract sum is determined.
There is not necessarily an error if a baseline is exceeded and it does
not necessarily contribute to an increase in the total outturn cost.
Regardless of the baseline, responsibility for the safe execution of the
Works always remains with the Contractor and it should not be an
excuse for the Contractor for not performing the Works in accordance
with the Contract Document.
A commonly used guidance document in the USA (and now elsewhere)
is the ASCE Gold Book.
Lastly, the speaker shared with the audience a case study and some of the
lessons learnt from the Miami Port Tunnel Project as highlighted below:
Contract Setup: The Public Private Partnership (PPP) Model had an
agreed long term, guaranteed cost structure, with risks to be shared by
all parties.
Innovation: The Miami Tunnel Access (MAT) team (Concession) had
allowed the length of risky cut and cover excavation to be reduced and
the use of TBM to be maximised.
Contingency Fund: The use of contingency fund to reduce Contractors
adding contingency and the reduction of overall project cost.
Geotechnical Baseline Report (GBR): The use of a 2-stage GBR by
getting input from the Contractors and agreeing on the document before
the start of work which reduced the future uncertainty in terms of claims.
Re-interpretation: By looking at the geology and its impact on
methodology, and not just the lithology, it had allowed the Contractor to
select the correct means and method for the project.
Planning: The allocation of adequate time for planning was the only way
to achieve the best value solution.
During the Q&A session, Heslop responded to questions raised by the
participants related to problems and challenges which might arise during
bored tunnelling in urban environments. At the end of the talk, Heslop
received a certifcate of appreciation and a memento from the Session
Chairman, Ir. Andrew Yeow.
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FORUM
The Conquest of
Mount Kinabalu by YES
YOUNG ENGINEERS SECTION, IEM
A trip which was planned one year ago has fnally rolled into
action. The Young Engineers Section (YES) of Institution
of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) has successfully organised
its 555th meeting on top of Mount Kinabalu, the highest
mountain in South-East Asia with its Lows Peak reaching
4,095m above sea level.
A group of 18 diversifed young and energetic engineers
participated in this adventure. YES would also like to
express its gratitude to Engr. Shuhairy Norhisham and Engr.
Mah Way Sheng for handling all the arrangements, making
this trip possible for the participants.
On the frst day of the trip, the fight departed from LCCT
at 10.25 a.m. and reached Kota Kinabalu International
Airport at 1.00 p.m. After a group photograph at the airport,
the participants headed to the designated hotel by taxi. The
hotel was located strategically in the town centre, with a
wide choice of food outlets and a convenience store.
Just like the Jalan-jalan cari makan TV crew, we spent
most of the day exploring Kota Kinabalu, the bustling state
capital, and savouring the favours of the local cuisine. On
that particular night, we were invited by IEM, Sabah branch,
to a dinner at WISMA IEM, Sabah.
We met up with the YES committee of Sabah branch
and got to mingle around. It was then followed by a short
presentation of their activities by Shevon Chia, the Sabah
YES chairlady. Subsequently, we had a short Mamak
session at a nearby local restaurant.
We woke up early at 7.00 a.m. the following day and
gathered at the hotel lobby to wait for the assigned van to
pick us up. It took us about 2 hours to reach the foothills of
Mount Kinabalu. After registration, we collected our name
tags and headed towards Mesilau gate, the more diffcult
trail which provided a wonderful view of fora and fauna.
At the starting point of Mesilau gate, we got ourselves
some porters to carry our backpacks and their leader gave
us a briefng about the trail. We were told that Laban Rata,
a place where we would later rest in, was about 8km from
Mesilau gate. Before we began our journey, we took part
in the warm-up exercise session together and snapped
another group photograph. All of us were very excited
before the climb as this would be the day that we will be
conquering the Mount Kinabalu! At 10.30 a.m., we began
our uphill climb.
by Engr. Wong Yoke Mei
A view taken from the plane before landing at
Kota Kinabalu International Airport
A group photo taken at the Sabah International Airport
Shevon Chia sharing some interesting
particulars about YES of Sabah Branch
with the participants
A token of appreciation received from the
YES advisor, IEM Sabah Branch
A group picture with Sabah YES committee members
FORUM
After 8 hours of continuous hiking, we arrived at Laban
Rata. t was a tiring journey made worthwhile when we got
to see the magnifcent panoramic view - looking at the
clouds below us from where we stood. The frst thing that
came to our minds was to grab some food at the restaurant.
However, the restaurant was crowded as everyone seemed
to have reached the stop at around the same time.
After the buffet dinner, it was already dark outside, so we
had to fnd our way to the nearby hostel using torchlights. At
9.00 p.m., we had our 555th meeting amongst the committee
members. We went to bed as soon as the meeting came to
a close.
On Day 3, we woke up very early, at about 1.30 a.m., for
a simple breakfast and prepared for our climb to the peak. It
was 7 degrees Celsius. Due to the cold weather, we had to
wear thick jackets, gloves, scarves and for some of us even
caps to keep ourselves warm. It was still very dark at this
hour, and thus, everyone had to use a headlamp which each
of us had brought along. After a short briefng, we began our
journey to the peak. It was indeed a long staircase. Despite
our aching limbs, we had to go on. After about an hours
staircase journey, we reached to a rope climbing section,
followed by slope walking all the way to the peak. Halfway,
we arrived at a station to register ourselves.
At approximately 5.30 a.m., we fnally reached the
peak and just in time to see the sunrise. We could hear
the sound of cameras clicking every second or so at Lows
Peak. Here, we had a further task to complete, which was
to form an LED outline of the 1 Malaysia logo and, with the
cooperation from each participant, we were able to carry
out this feat successfully.
Soon after, we began our descend from the peak and
then collected our backpacks from the hostel. We arrived
at the foot of the mountain at about 4.30 p.m. and each of
us was awarded a certifcate to record our achievement in
completing the climb.
A group photo taken at the Mesilau gate before starting the journey
The view along the trail up to Laban Rata
The setting sun spreading a beautiful shade of amber into the sky
(a view captured at the Laban Rata Restaurant)
The spectacular sunrise from Lows Peak
The 1Malaysia logo set up before the sunrise at Mount Kinabalu
FORUM
On the fnal day, we boarded the fight back to Kuala
Lumpur just before noon. It has been a tough yet enjoyable
trip. Also, we were lucky to have had a group of friends
who encouraged each other to complete the tough hike
without giving up. It was only through this perseverance and
determination that enabled us to reach the peak. Hopefully,
we could have another hiking activity soon.
Happy smiles at Lows Peak
The chairman admiring the view from the peak
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Tel: (60-3) 7955 7800 Fax: (60-3) 7955 7801
e-mail: mm@maccaferri-asia.com
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SHOTCRETE
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by Ir. Chin Mee Poon
Eagle-Hunting in Kyrgyzstan
I can still vividly recall the eagle-hunting demonstration that
I had witnessed in Kyrgyzstan. If an image of eagles being
hunted appears in your mind now, you ought to erase that
image. Why? It is because eagle-hunting is not hunting for
eagles! It is a hunting activity with eagles for animals such
as rabbits, foxes, and sometimes even wolves! And these
eagle-hunters in Kyrgyzstan are known as berkutchi.
Kyrgyzstan is a Central Asian country located just west
of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China. When the
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) disintegrated
in 1991, Kyrgyzstan, together with Kazakhstan, Tajikistan,
Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and 9 other Soviet Socialist
Republics, broke away from Russia to become independent
states. However, 10 of those former Soviet Republics have
decided to rejoin Russia, thus forming the Commonwealth
of Independent States (CIS). Subsequently, Kyrgyzstan,
Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and
Afghanistan are now known as the Central Asian states.
With an area of 198,500 sq km, Kyrgyzstan is quite a
small land-locked country noted for its towering mountains,
eagle-hunting and nomadic yurts. The Kyrgyz people came
from Siberia to this land about 400 years ago and are still
largely nomadic. Since its independence 21 years ago,
Kyrgyzstan has evolved as the freest republic in Central
Asia and tourism is now an important revenue generator. It
is the only Central Asian country that Malaysians can visit
without a visa.
My wife and I, along with two of our travelling buddies,
came to the little village of Bokonbayevo close to the
southern bank of Lake Issyk-Kl which is quite a large lake
in the eastern part of Kyrgyzstan. It was early November
2011 and the village is located about 1,800m above sea
level. It was cold.
Talgar, a good-looking middle-aged berkutchi, came to
our home-stay in a station-wagon. We followed him into the
mountains which were about 10 minutes drive away. He
had a golden eagle with him. It was an 8-year-old female
eagle, named Tumara. He found her when she was still an
eaglet in a nest not far from the village. He brought her up
and trained her to hunt.
Though eagles are born with the instinct to hunt, as her
master, Talgar had to train her to develop an intimate bond
between them, so that she would hunt for him and would
be willing to exchange her kill for a reward. In 12 years
time, when Tumara reaches 20 years of age, Talgar would
release her to the wild so that she could fnd a mate and
nest. Golden eagles have a life expectancy of 50 years and
these eagle pairs stay together for life and a male eagle is
smaller in size than a female.
In the mountains, Talgar took out a white rabbit from his
car and set it free. He then walked up a slope with Tumara
blindfolded in a leather hood. When the hood was removed,
Tumara took off from Talgars arm and swooped down at
lightning speed and grabbed the rabbit with her powerful
talons. She held the rabbit to the ground and started to cry.
Talgar came over, squatted beside the bird and lifted up
the dead rabbit. It was then that Tumara started to devour
the rabbit. The whole rabbit was torn apart and swallowed
in just a few minutes. Only the head and intestines were
discarded. It was an unforgettable sight.
Talgar told us that an eagle-hunting competition is held
in that part of Kyrgyzstan every year and Tumara was the
champion in the last competition as she was the frst golden
eagle to kill a fox. Eagle-hunting in its various forms including
falconry and hunting with raptors such as kites, hawks,
goshawks, etc, is a centuries-old tradition passed down from
one generation to another, and it is practised in many countries
besides Kyrgyzstan, such as Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Middle
East and some South American countries.
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^
PROFESSIONAL INTERVIEW
Date: 8 October 2012
To All Members,
CANDIDATES APPROVED TO SIT FOR YEAR 2012 PROFESSIONAL INTERVIEW
The following candidates have been approved to sit for the Professional Interview for 2012.
ln accordance wlLh 8ylaws 3.9, Lhe undermenuoned names are publlshed as havlng applled for membershlp of Lhe lnsuLuuon, sub[ecL
to passing the year 2012 Professional Interview.
lf any CorporaLe Member of Lhe lnsuLuuon has any reason as Lo why any of Lhe candldaLes ls noL a L and proper person for elecuon,
he should communlcaLe ln wrlung Lo Lhe Ponorary SecreLary. Such communlcauon should be lodged A MONTH from the date of
publlcauon.
Ir. rof. Dr Ierey Ch|ang Choong Lu|n
Honorary Secretary,
1be losutouoo of oqloeets, Moloyslo
5essloo 2012/201J
NEW APPLICANTS
Name QuaIications
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
LEE SEOW YUN BE HONS (UKM)
(BIOCHEMICAL, 2002)
CIVIL ENGINEERING
ADNAN BIN ABD GHANI BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2001)
JAFFRE BIN CHE LAH @
WAHAB
BE (HONS) (UTM) (CIVIL, 2002)
MOHD ASMAWI BIN ABD
RAHIM
BE HONS (UTM) (CIVIL, 2007)
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
ASMIZAN BIN IBRAHIM BE HONS (UiTM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2003)
CHAN KAR MUN BE HONS (UM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2006)
MEDYA RIANTAMA BIN
SYAFRI
BE HONS (UTM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2003)
TENG BOON PING BSc HONS (WINDSOR)
(ELECTRICAL, 2001)
TEOH KHYE CHERN BE HONS (UM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2008)
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
AHMAD RIZAL BIN ALI BE HONS (UMIST)
(ELECTRONIC, 1998)
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING
S CHANDRASEGARAN A/L
SUNDARARAJU
BE (BAHARATHIDASAN
UNIVERSITY) (CIVIL, 1988)
MSc (NUS) (GEOTECHNICAL,
1997)
INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING
SYAHMI AZHAN BIN MHD
NOR
BE HONS (UTM) (ELECTRICAL
& ELECTRONIC, 2006)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ALIPUDIN BIN MAJID BE HONS (UTM)
(MECHANICAL, 1994)
SUHAILI BIN MASOR BE HONS (UTM)
(MECHANICAL, 1992)
WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
HAZALIZAH BINTI HAMZAH BE HONS (UPM) (CIVIL, 2000)
MSc (UNESCO) (HYDROLOGY
& WATER RESOURCES, 2010)
TRANSFER APPLICANTS
M'ship
No.
Name QuaIications
CIVIL ENGINEERING
25414 CHOO HEW SENG BE HONS (UM) (CIVIL, 2004)
38888 GOH NAI JUN,
STEVEN
BE HONS (UMS)
(CIVIL, 2005)
36270 JAMAIS BIN JUNIM BE HONS (UKM) (CIVIL &
STRUCTURAL, 1999)
22641 KAMALENDRAN A/L
RAJASVARAN
BE HONS (UTM)
(CIVIL, 2001)
MSC (UTM) (CIVIL-
GEOTECHNICS, 2008)
26470 SHIM LIK KUAN ME HONS
(NOTTINGHAM, 2005)
38333 SULAIMAN BIN
MOHAMED DAUD
BE HONS (UiTM)
(CIVIL, 2006)
27256 YAP BOON TIONG BE HONS (USM)
(CIVIL, 2006)
29156 YAP SOONG YOONG,
LEONARD
BE HONS (CURTIN) (CIVIL &
CONSTRUCTION, 2006)
39981 YONG YOONG YEN BE HONS (UTM)
(CIVIL, 2005)
25773 DZULKIFLE BIN
DAWAM
BE HONS (UM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2004)
01248 KHOO YEW CHONG
@ KHOO YEOU
TEONG
TECHNICIAN DIPLOMA
(SINGAPORE
POLYTECHNIC, 1964)
32605 LOGESWARAN A/L
SELVARATNAM
BE HONS (UNITEN)
(ELECTRICAL-POWER,
2006)
42006 NG CHOON BOON BE HONS (UM)
(ELECTRICAL, 1997)
27581 TAN LOO YEN BE HONS (UNITEN)
(ELECTRICAL POWER,
2006)
45274 THONG CHUAN KEAT BE HONS (NOTTINGHAM)
(ELECTRICAL &
ELECTRONIC, 2001)
TRANSFER APPLICANTS
M'ship
No.
Name QuaIications
45275 THONG YEE KEAT BE HONS (NOTTINGHAM)
(ELECTRICAL &
ELECTRONIC, 1997)
30589 TOH MIN JOO,
BENJAMIN
BE (CURTIN)
(ELECTRICAL, 2005)
24724 WONG SHIN NENG PART II & III (IEM/BEM)
(ELECTRICAL, 2009)
30957 YONG LICHUN,
JESSE
BE HONS (UTEM)
(ELECTRICAL-INDUSTRIAL
POWER, 2008)
ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
30622 OOI YONG SON BE HONS (USM)
(MECHANICAL, 02)
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
27991 AMIR BIN KHALID BE HONS (UTM)
(MECHANICAL-
MANUFACTURING, 2000),
MSC (UTM
(MECHANICAL, 2006),
PHD (TOKUSHIMA) (EARTH
& LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL,
2011)
31753 BULAN BINTI
ABDULLAH
BE HONS (UTM)
(MECHANICAL, 98)
49592 HUZAIRIYAH BINTI
HUSSIN
BE HONS (UPM)
(MECHANICAL, 2003)
24222 MOHAMAD AMIR BIN
HASHIM
BE (UNITEN)
(MECHANICAL, 2002)
33901 MOHAMAD
DZULASRI BIN
HIPENY
BE HONS (UM)
(MECHANICAL, 2006)
25795 NALGUNALINGAM
A/L
SATGUNALINGAM
BE HONS (NEWCASTLE)
(MECHANICAL, 1999)
43689 RAZALI BIN HASSAN BE (UPM) (MECHANICAL
SYSTEMS, 1989)
49389 TAN BOON TONG BE (MONASH)
(MECHANICAL, 2007)
ERRATUM
The following candidates name was not included in
the list of approved applicants for the Professional
Interview in the September bulletin:
TRANSFER TO THE GRADE
OF GRADUATE
34041 MOHAMED ZAIMIR BIN
MOHAMED SUFFIAN
BE (HONS)
(VICTORIA)
(ELECTRICAL &
ELECTRONIC, 1997)
DONATION LIST TO THE WISMA IEM BUILDING FUND
1he lnsuLuuon would llke Lo Lhank all conLrlbuLors for donaung Lowards Lhe Wlsma lLM 8ulldlng lund. Members
and readers who wlsh Lo donaLe can do so by downloadlng Lhe form from Lhe lLM webslLe aL hup://www.mylem.
org.my or conLacL Lhe lLM SecreLarlaL aL +603-7968 4001/3318 for more lnformauon. 1he llsL of Lhe conLrlbuLors
as aL 30 SepLember 2012 are shown as ln Lable below.
55
th
Announcement
NO. MEM.
NO.
DETAILS
1 19235 MOHD. RAZNAN BIN HASSAN
2 16053 PANG SEE PENG
3 49370 LIEW SHAN QIN
4 28208 NURAZZURA BINTI MOHD FUZI
5 26836 TEO CHURN HONG
6 10801 BOEY WEI LUN
NO. MEM.
NO.
DETAILS
7 08307 CHAI WING KAI
8 41210 RAMASAMY CHETTEAR A/L PERIASAMY
9 19532 ANWAR BIN ABDUL RAHMAN
10 12239 SOH CHOR CHIEW
11 07199 KOH JEK SIEW
ANNOUNCEMENT
IEM ENGINEERING HALL OF FAME AWARD 2013
The Sub Committee of the Engineering Hall of Fame under the
auspices of the Standing Committee on Professional Practice
is proud to invite nominations for the IEM Engineering HaII of
Fame Award 2013.
It is timely and expedient to induct and to record the
accomplishment of engineers in the country who had or have
demonstrated particularly outstanding professional achievement
and provide excellent services to the Institution, the engineering
industry and the nation.
The IEM Engineering Hall of Fame was established with the aim
to confer recognition and to celebrate the accomplishment of
members of the IEM;
Who have demonstrated outstanding professional
achievement;
Who have made signifcant contribution to the engineering
progress, the Institution of Engineers, Malaysia (IEM) and the
nation;
Who have rendered valuable service to the community.
The Engineering Hall of Fame will serve as the focal point or
showcase of outstanding Malaysian engineers, past and present,
who had/have made great contribution to the engineering
profession and to the quality of life in Malaysia.
It will also serve as a beacon and as role models to young
engineers and to encourage a greater interest in engineering in
general and also to create a greater awareness of the names of
outstanding engineers in the country.
Nominations of the Award are open to Malaysian citizens who
were or are Corporate Members of the IEM.
Nomination forms can be downloaded from the IEM website
(http://www.myiem.org.my). For further details, kindly contact the
IEM Secretariat at 03-7968 4001/2.
NOMINATIONS FOR ELECTION TO FILL VACANCIES FOR THE COUNCIL SESSION 2013/2014
The EM Council at its 384th meeting on 15 October 2012 had decided to fll Council vacancies for the Session 2013/2014 in accordance
with Article 5.2 of the Constitution. An election programme had also been approved by the Council for implementation.
The following Council vacancies will arise for the Session 2013/2014 as a result of Council members retiring at the end of the Session
2012/2013.
Notice inviting nominations for the Election of Council Member for Session 2013/2014 will be posted on the IEM Notice Board and
website on 7th December 2012 for the information of all Corporate Members.
Nomination Forms may be obtained at the IEM Secretariat or downloaded from the IEM website http://www.myiem.org.my on and after
7th December 2012.
All Nomination forms, duly completed, shall be sent in sealed envelope marked "Confdential: Nomination Paper for Session 2013/2014
to:
The Honorary Secretary
The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia
BangunanIngenieur, Lots 60/62, Jalan 52/4
P.O. Box 223 (Jalan Sultan)
46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor DarulEhsan
Tel: 03-7968 4001 / 2
and to reach him not later than 12.00 noon on Thursday, 27th December 2012.
Thank you.
Dato Ir. Pang Leong Hoon
Election Offcer, EM
Ofce No. of Vacancies Term of Ofce
Vice President Four (4) 2 sessions (2013/2014 and 2014/2015)
Honorary Secretary One (1) 1 session (2013/2014)
Honorary Treasurer One (1) 1 session (2013/2014)
Council Member
Representative of Other Disciplines
One (1) 3 sessions (2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016)
Council Member
Ordinary Representative
Ten (10) 3 sessions (2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016)
Registration Fee: RM100/day (Early Bird)RM80/day
(Please bring along this flyer for confirmation of attendance)
MSMA 2 Edition Main Contributor:
Prof. Dr.
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Director of
REDAC, USM
MSMA 2 Edition Contributor:
Engr. Chang Chun Kiat
Research Officer of REDAC, USM
Engr. Leow Cheng Siang
Speakers :
nd
nd
S k
* State JPS/DID will be invited as guest speaker for
MSMA 2 New submission requirements
* Existing user are entitle to claim the free upgrade
installer for MSMA 2nd Edition during the Seminar
I would like to participate in the above briefing at ___________________ for (Day1 / Day2 / Both). Enclosed
herewith a crossed cheque No./Ref. No ________________ amounted to RM ____________ issued in favour
of MES Innovation Sdn Bhd (Maybank: 5-12343-54675-0). I understand that the fee is not refundable if I
withdraw after my application is accepted by MES Innovation Sdn Bhd but substitution of participants will be
allowed. If I fail to attend the talk, I will still settle the registration fee in full.
Company: ______________________________________________________________________________
Name : ________________________________________ Tel/Hp. No. : _____________________________
Date: ______________ Email Address : ________________________ Signature : _____________________
State JPS/DID will bbe invi vite te te ted d d d as guest speaker for
Registration Fee: RM100/day (Early Bird)RM80/day
Technical Talk On MSMA 2 Edition Using MES Software
Registration Slip
Speakers :
R I V E R E N G I N E E R I N G A N D U R B A N
D R A I D R A I D R A I N A G N A G N A G E R E S E A R C H C E N T R E
MSMA 2 Edition Main Contributor:
Prof. Dr.
Nor Azazi Zakaria
Director of
REDAC, USM
MSMA 2 Edition Contributor:
Engr. Chang Chun Kiat
Engr. Leow Cheng Siang
Speakers :
nd
nd
nd
nd
Technical Talk on MSMA 2 Edition
using MES Software
R I V E R E N G I N E E R I N G A N D U R B A N
D R A I N A G E R E S E A R C H C E N T R E
05 & 06 November 2012 - Kuantan, Pahang
19 & 20 November 2012 - Selangor
03 & 04 December 2012 - Kota Kinabalu, Sabah
04 & 05 December 2012 - Kuching, Sarawak
17 & 18 December 2012 - Malacca
Date & Venue
BEM Approved
CPD HOURS: 13
Ref No: IEM12/PP/034/S
& IEM12/PP/035/W
lk On MSMA 2 Edition Using MES
RRReegggiiiissstttrraatttiiioonn SSSllliiipp
MS
Rese
nd
22 Technical Tal alk On MS
RRR
Exis
insta
cember 2012 - Kuching, Sarawak
cember 2012 - Malacca
P
en
a
n
g
Johor
K
e
la
n
ta
n
C
M
Y
CM
MY
CY
CMY
K

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