IESNA Lighting Levels

I.
INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Important Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces
Somewhat important
Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)
Appearance of Space and Luminaires
Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare
Modeling of Faces or Objects
Accounting (see Offices) Air Terminals (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation) Armories Art Galleries (see Museums) Auditoriums
Assembly Social activity

Banks (see Reading)
Lobby General Writing area Tellers' stations ATM facilities keypad ATM facilities display screen ATM facilities writing surface ATM facilities surrounding area
Barber Shops/Salons Casino and Gaming
Circulation High activity Medium activity Low activity Baccarat General
Source/Task/Eye Geometry
Flicker (and Strobe)
Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows
Design Issues
Game surface Bingo General Game surface Blackjack General Game surface Craps General Game surface Keno General Game surface Poker General Game surface Roulette General Game surface Sport and race books General Game surface Video and slots
Churches and Synagogues (see Houses of Worship section) Club and Lodge Rooms
Lounge and reading

Conference Rooms
Meeting Critical seeing (refer to task) Video conference

I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
Light Distribution on Surfaces Light Distribution on Task Plane (Uniformity) Luminances of Room Surfaces
Correctional Facilities
Cells Day rooms

Corridors (see Service Spaces) Court Rooms (see Reading) Seating area (spectators)
Judge and clerk Litigant's table Podium Witness chair

Dance Halls/Discotheques Dance halls/discotheques Ballrooms/social events Depots, Terminals, Stations (see Transportation Terminals in Section V, Transportation) Drafting/Graphic Arts
CAD stations only Mixed CAD and paper task Mylar

High contrast media Low contrast media Vellum/mylar
High contrast Low contrast Overlays Light table Prints
Design Issues
Educational Facilities
Corridors Classrooms General (see Reading) Art rooms Drafting (see Drafting/Graphic Arts) Home economics (see Residences) Science laboratories Lecture halls Audience (see Reading) Demonstration Music rooms (see Reading) Shops (see Section II, Industrial) Sight saving rooms Study halls (see Reading)
Typing (see Reading) Gymnasiums Basketball Other sports (See Section IV, Sports) Social events
Outdoor sports facilities (see Section IV, Sports) Cafeterias (see Food Service Facilities)
Dormitories (see Residences) Elevators, Freight Elevators, Passenger Emergency Lighting (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Exhibition Halls I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
Filing (see Offices and Reading) Financial Facilities (see Banks) Fire Stations (see Municipal Buildings - Police and Fire) Food Service Facilities (If equipment locations are known, see Residences-Kitchens)
Butcher shop Cashier Cleaning Dining Food displays Food storage Nonrefrigerated Refrigerated Galley Kitchen Pantry Refuse area Sculleries Thaw room
Food Courts Garages Parking (see Outdoor Facilities section) Gasoline Stations (see Retail Spaces - Outdoor: Service Station in Section III, Outdoor) Graphic Design and Material
Color selection Charting and mapping
Design Issues
Graphs Keylining Layout and artwork Photographs, moderate detail

Health Care Facilities
Ambulance (local) Anesthetizing Autopsy and morgue Autopsy, general Autopsy table Morgue, general Cardiac function laboratory Central sterile supply Inspection, general Inspection Work areas, general Processed storage Corridors Nursing areas, day Nursing areas, night Operating areas, delivery, recovery, and laboratory suite and service Critical care areas General Examination Surgical task lighting Handwashing Cystoscopy room Dental suite General Instrument tray Oral cavity
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
Recovery room General Dialysis unit, medical Elevators EKG and specimen room General Emergency outpatient General Endoscopy rooms General Peritoneoscopy Culdoscopy
Eye surgery
Fracture room General Local Inhalation therapy Laboratories Specimen collecting Linens Sorting soiled linen Central (clean) linen room Sewing room, general Linen closet Lobby Locker rooms Medical illustration studio Medical records Nurseries General Observation and treatment Nursing stations General
Design Issues
Desk Corridors, day Corridors, night Medication station Obstetric delivery suite Labor rooms General Local Birthing room Delivery area Scrub, general General Delivery table Resuscitation Postdelivery recovery area Occupational therapy Work areas, general Work tables or benches Patient rooms General Observation Critical examination Reading Toilets Physical therapy departments Gymnasiums Tank rooms Treatment cubicles Postanesthetic recovery room General Local Pulmonary function laboratories Radiological suite General Radiography/fluoroscopy room
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
Radiation therapy section General Solarium

General
Local for reading Stairways Surgical suite

Operating room, general
Operating table
Scrub room Instruments and sterile supply room
Clean-up room, instruments Anesthesia storage Substerilizing room Surgical induction room Surgical holding area Toilets Utility room Waiting areas General Local for reading
Homes (see Residences) Hospitality Facilities (see Hotels, Food Service Facilities) Hospitals (see Health Care Facilities) Hotels Guest rooms General
Bathrooms, for grooming
Design Issues
Reading/desk work Corridors, elevators, stairs
Front desk Linen room Sewing General Lobby General lighting Reading and work areas Entrance canopy
Houses of Worship Congregational areas Leadership area Highlighted items Kitchens (see Food Service or Residences) Libraries (10) Reading stacks Bookstacks Active Inactive Book repair or binding Cataloguing Card files (paper) Carrels, individual study desks Circulation desk Map and print room (see Graphic Design and Material) Audiovisual areas Audio listening areas Microform areas I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
Locker Rooms Merchandising Spaces
Retail store areas Alteration room Fitting room Dressing areas Fitting areas Locker rooms
Stock rooms, wrapping and packaging Sales transaction area Circulation General merchandise display
Feature display Show windows Shopping mall areas Main concourse Food court (see Food Courts) Entertainment areas Kiosks
Directory/information desk
Service corridors Restrooms

Child care
Vertical transportation Entry/vestibule Side arcade Landscape (see Retail Spaces Outdoor in Section III, Outdoor) Meeting rooms/offices Supermarkets
Meat processed
Design Issues
Meat fresh Dairy cases Produce Floral displays Gondolas Shelving Motels (see Hotels) Municipal Buildings - Police and Fire
Police Identification records

Jail cells and interrogation rooms Fire Station Museums Flat displays on vertical surfaces
Exhibit cases 3-dimensional objects

Realistic environments
Lobbies, general gallery areas, corridors Restoration or conservation shops and labs
Nursing Homes (see Health Care Facilities) I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Somewhat important
Offices (13)
Filing (see Reading) General and private offices (see Reading) Open plan office Intensive VDT use Open plan office
Design Issues
Intermittent VDT use Private office Libraries (see Libraries) Lobbies, lounges, and reception areas Mail sorting Copy rooms
Parking Facilities (see Section III, Outdoor) Post Offices
Lobby Customer service counter Mail processing, general

Reading (16)
Copied tasks Microfiche reader Photograph, moderate detail

Thermal copy, poor
Photocopies Photocopies, 3rd generation Data processing tasks VDT screens Impact printer good ribbon 2nd carbon and greater ink jet/laser printer keyboard reading Machine rooms Active operations Tape storage Machine area Equipment service Thermal print Handwritten tasks #2 pencil and softer leads #3 pencil #4 pencil and harder leads Ball-point pen Felt-tip pen Handwritten carbon copy White boards Chalk boards Printed tasks 6-point type 8- and 10-point type
Glossy magazines Maps Newsprint Typed originals Telephone books

Residences
General lighting
Conversation, relaxation, and entertainment Passage areas (circulation) I. INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Very Important
Somewhat important
Specific visual tasks

Dining Grooming Makeup and shaving Dressing evaluation (mirror) Handcrafts and hobbies
Ordinary tasks (e.g,. crafts)

Difficult tasks (e.g., sewing)
Critical tasks (e.g., workbench) Easel hobbies Ironing Kitchen counter Critical seeing (e.g., cutting) General Kitchen range
Difficult seeing (e.g., cooking)
Kitchen sink Difficult seeing Noncritical (clean up)

Laundry Music study (piano, organ)
Design Issues
Reading
In a chair (casual)
In a chair (serious)
In bed (casual)
At desk
Casual
Serious
Sewing (see Residences: Handcrafts and Hobbies)
Table games
Restaurants (see Food Service Facilities) Retail Spaces (see Merchandising Spaces) Safety (see Section VI, Emergency, Safety, and Security) Schools (see Educational Facilities) Service Spaces (see Service Spaces in Section II, Industrial)
Stairways and corridors Elevators (see Elevators) Toilets and washrooms

Service Stations
Service bays (see Section II, Industrial) Sales room (see Merchandise Spaces)
Show Windows (see Merchandising Spaces) Stairways (see Service Spaces) Storage Rooms (see Section II, Industrial) Stores (see Merchandising Spaces) Theatre and Motion Picture Houses Toilets and Washrooms Transportation Terminals (See Section V, Transportation) Winery (see Food Service Facilities)
Wine cellar
I. INTERIOR
Very Important
Important
Somewhat important
LOCATIONS AND TASKS
Notes:
(1) Consider lighting for video cameras. (2) Maximum illuminance. (3) At ground level. (4) The minimum illuminance in a prison cell is 200 lx (20 fc); 300 lx (30 fc) should be provided for reading at the head of the b (5) Adjustable task lighting recommended. (6) Task lighting recommended, possibly located in ceiling. (7) Degradation factors important to consider. (8) In the display plane. (9) Special lighting for signage or banners may be required. (10) See Chapter for special considerations. (11) Refer to Chapter 16, Health Care Facility Lighting, for specific recommendations for surgical task lighting. (12) At 30" above floor. (13) Design issues, including illuminances, can be listed for room or space. Refer to specific task under "Reading" or "Graphic (14) Lighting should be flexible to accommodate changes in office furniture. (15) Accoustical aspects of luminaires need to be considered.
(16) Design issues and illuminances listed for the task. See "Offices" or "Educational Facilities", for example, for additional cons
Design Issues
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) C C B C D E A A D C Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 11 Ch. 14 Ch. 23 Ch. 11 Reference Chapter(s) A A A C B (2) A A (3)
Somewhat important
Blank = Not important or not applicable
D C B
B A A
Ch. 13
(1)
C D C E C D C C C E C D C D C C A B A Ch. 14
(1)
B A
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
D Ch. 11 D (1) Somewhat important E B D
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (1) (1) (1) (1) Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) A B C D C E E E D D D Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A A A A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 14 Reference Chapter(s) A C (5) C (6) C (5) B B (4) B
(7) Ch. 23 Ch. 14
E F
C E
C D
C D
A C
Ch. 12 C
Ch. 20
F B D A
Ch. 20 Ch. 13 Ch. 18 B B A Ch. 29
C Somewhat important
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (9) Illuminance (Horizontal) D B B E E D C E D E D C C E Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) A C A A A C A A A C A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 13 Ch. 11 Ch. 11 Ch. 11 Reference Chapter(s)
(8)
Notes on Special Considerations
F F Ch. 13
D D
Ch. 17
Ch. 22
E F F E
C D D C Ch. 16
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
E E E G D E E F D D C B E
C C C E B C C D B B A A A A C (11)
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
B E F E
Somewhat important
D B E C G E Blank = Not important or not applicable
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) E E C F B A E F D E D D G Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) C C C B B E A C D B A D A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s)
(10)
(10) (10)
(10) (10)
(10)
B E
D D D B B B F E
A A B A A A D C
A C
(10)
(10)
E B A E
C A A C
C E F (10) (10) (10) F G G G E D E B A E D D D D D E G E
A C D D E E C B C A A C B A B B B C E C
(10) (10) (10) (10) (10)
(10) (10) (10)
(10)
Somewhat important
(10) A A (10) A A Blank = Not important or not applicable
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (10) (10) Illuminance (Horizontal) B C D C D C G G F D E C C E E C D Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) E E D B C A A C C A A A B A B A A Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 18 Reference Chapter(s) (10) (10) (10) (10) (10) Notes on Special Considerations
C D
Ch. 13
Ch. 16
Ch. 13
D B E F C C D A Ch. 14 C D A D D Ch. 13, 18 Ch. 12 D (7) (7) (7) (7) D (12) B (12) A B
(7)
D D D D D D D D D
Somewhat important
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations (9) (9) Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) F C D D F C D D C E F G Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) B B A C D D C D E B D A D Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Ch. 17 Ch. 12, 20 Reference Chapter(s)
(9)
E F F D C D D D D
A B A
Ch. 17, 21
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights
Surface Characteristics
Somewhat important
System Control and Flexibility
Special Considerations (7) (7) (7) (7) (7) (7)
(14,15) D D D C E F D D A B D B B B A C Ch. 16 Ch. 14 Ch. 11 Ch. 13 Blank = Not important or not applicable
Notes on Special Considerations
Illuminance (Horizontal)
E E E E E E
Category or Value (lux)
Illuminance (Vertical)
C C C C C C
Category or Value (lux)
Notes on Illuminance - see end of section
Ch. 11
Reference Chapter(s)
(14,15)
E E C E C
B B A A A Ch. 22 Ch. 11
(1) (1) (1)
C E E
A A
Ch. 11, 12
A E F D E A D E D D D D C E E D E F D D E
B C
B E E D
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) B D D E F D D Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) B B B C D D Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s)
Somewhat important
B A A A A Blank = Not important or not applicable
E D D D
E D
D E D D E
C B
C B A B
D E D D E D
B C B A C B Ch. 13 Ch. 17 Ch. 29 Ch. 12 Ch. 11, 19
B B A Ch. 17, 19
Ch. 17
Ch. 19 Ch. 17 Ch. 15 B A Ch. 11 Ch. 23
Ch. 13, 17 Somewhat important (7) A A Blank = Not important or not applicable
Sparkle/Desirable Reflected Highlights Surface Characteristics System Control and Flexibility Special Considerations Notes on Special Considerations Illuminance (Horizontal) Category or Value (lux) Illuminance (Vertical) Category or Value (lux) Notes on Illuminance - see end of section Reference Chapter(s)
ading at the head of the bed.
er "Reading" or "Graphic Design and Materials", for example.
ample, for additional considerations for the room.
IES - RECOMMENDATIONS
Since 1958 the Illuminating Engineering Society has published illuminance recommendations in table form. These tables cover both generic tasks (reading, writing etc), and 100's of very specific tasks and activities (such as drafting, parking, milking cows, blowing glass and baking bread). All tasks fall into 1 of 9 illuminance categories, covering from 20 to 20,000 lux, (2 to 2000 footcandles). The categories are known as A - I, and each provide a range of 3 iluminance values (low, mid and high). See Table 1. ===================================================================== TABLE 1 ===================================================================== IES ILLUMINANCE CATEGORIES and VALUES - for GENERIC INDOOR ACTIVITIES ACTIVITY Public spaces with dark surroundings Simple orientation for short temporary visits Working spaces where visual tasks are only occasionally performed Performance of visual tasks of high contrast or large size Performance of visual tasks of medium contrast or small size Performance of visual tasks of low contrast or very small size Performance of visual tasks of low contrast or very small size over a prolonged period Performance of very prolonged and exacting visual tasks Performance of very special visual tasks of extremely low contrast CATEGORY A B C D E F G H I LUX 20-30-50 50-75-100 100-150-200 200-300-500 500-750-1000 1000-1500-2000 2000-3000-5000 5000-7500-10000 FOOTCANDLES 2-3-5 5-7.5-10 10-15-20 20-30-50 50-75-100 100-150-200 200-300-500 500-750-1000
10000-15000-20000 1000-1500-2000
A-C for illuminances over a large area (ie lobby space) D-F for localized tasks G-I for extremely difficult visual tasks IES METHOD - RECOMMENDED PROCEDURE STEP 1 - define visual task and visual plane. STEP 2 - select illuminance CATEGORY (use IES tables or Table 1 above) STEP 3 - determine illuminance RANGE. (from Table 1).
STEP 4 - select WEIGHTING factors: for category A-C use 'Table 1a' below. for category D-I use 'Table 1b' below. ========================================================================== TABLE - 1a - (for Categories A-C) ========================================================================== ROOM AND OCCUPANT CHARACTERISTICS Occupant ages Average room surface reflectances Weighting Factor 0 40-55 30-70%
-1 under 40 more than 70%
+1 over 55 less than 30%
INSTRUCTIONS for Table 1a: Add both weighting factors algebraically. If the total factor is -2 use the low illuminance value. If the total factor is +2 use the high illuminance value. If the total factor is 0 use the middle illuminance value. ========================================================================== TABLE - 1b - (for Categories D-I) ========================================================================== ROOM AND OCCUPANT CHARACTERISTICS Occupant ages Importance of speed and/or accuracy Reflectance of task background Weighting Factor 0 40-55 important 30-70%
-1 under 40 not important more than 70%
+1 over 55 critical less than 30%
INSTRUCTIONS for Table 1b: Add all 3 weighting factors algebraically. If the total factor is -2 or -3 use the low illuminance value. If the total factor is +2 or +3 the high illuminance value. Otherwise use middle illuminance value. EXAMPLE
STEP 1 - What illuminance is recommended for an adult aged 56, performing detailed accounting tasks of medium contrast or sma STEP 2 - From 'Table 1' we identify CATEGORY' E' as the appropriate category. STEP 3 - From 'Table 1' we also identify the illuminance RANGE as 50-75-100 fc. STEP 4 - From 'Table 1b' we calculate the weighting factor: AGE - 56 IMPORTANCE OF SPEED AND ACCURACY - (important) BACKGROUND REFLECTANCE - (medium contrast, about 40%) factor +1 factor 0 factor 0 --------+1
In accordance with 'Table 1b' instructions, we use a weighting factor of +1 and then select the middle value of 75 footcandles for t
ed accounting tasks of medium contrast or small size?
n select the middle value of 75 footcandles for the task.

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I.

INTERIOR LOCATIONS AND TASKS

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Assembly Social activity

Circulation High activity Medium activity Low activity Baccarat General

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Lounge and reading

Meeting Critical seeing (refer to task) Video conference

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Cells Day rooms

Judge and clerk Litigant's table Podium Witness chair

CAD stations only Mixed CAD and paper task Mylar

High contrast Low contrast Overlays Light table Prints

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Color selection Charting and mapping

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Graphs Keylining Layout and artwork Photographs, moderate detail

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Radiation therapy section General Solarium

Local for reading Stairways Surgical suite

Bathrooms, for grooming

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Reading/desk work Corridors, elevators, stairs

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Locker Rooms Merchandising Spaces

Service corridors Restrooms

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Police Identification records

Exhibit cases 3-dimensional objects

Color Appearance (and Color Contrast)

Appearance of Space and Luminaires

Daylighting Integration and Control Direct Glare

Modeling of Faces or Objects

Flicker (and Strobe)

Point(s) of Interest Reflected Glare Shadows

Lobby Customer service counter Mail processing, general

Copied tasks Microfiche reader Photograph, moderate detail