L-1Animal world EX-1MCQS 1. The Animal that lives in water. A.Earthworm, B.Snake, C.Fish D.Cow. 2.

The animal that lives on tree a. Snake b. Monkey c. leopard d. Spider 3. The animal that lives in burrow. a. Fly b. Earthworm c. Snake d. Sparrow 4. Theanimal that drinks water with lips. a. Rabbit B. Tiger c. Lion d. Snake 5. Which of the following animal is an insect? a. Swam b. Ant c. Chameleon d. salamander 6. --------- is an invertebrate animal. a. Parrot b. Amoeba c. Bat d. Human being 7. Which animal slides with help of stomach? a. Fish b. Rat c. Centipede d. Snake 8. What is called the animal that lives on earth and in Water?

A. Mammal b. Amphibian c. Reptile d. Bird 9. Which of the given option is correct for whale? a. Moves by sliding on stomach b. Does not have spinal cord c. lays eggs d. Gives birth to baby 10. The thumb impression of illiterate or uneducated persons are taken in the place of sign because a. They cannot write. b. It is easy to take thumb impression as they are uneducated. c. The thumb impression of any twopersons is not same. SCIENCE L-2 Q-1 MCQ 1 Which of the star cluster is seen in the sky during December to February? A.bigdipper(Saptarshi) B.SharmishthaC.MrigaD.Rohini. 2 During which month period the dipper star cluster is seen? A.February to AugustB.December to February B. Septemberto February D.February to December. 3. What is the shape of big dipper star star cluster? A. Like a kite with tail B. Like an umbrella C. Like a big nail used to drink water D. Like a hooded serpent 4.Which of the following is not a name of a star of big dipper star cluster? A.AngiraB.PulastsyaC.MarichikD.Agastya.

5.Which star cluster can be found with the help of a pole star?

A.MrigaB.SharmishthaC.KritikaD.Vyadh 6.With the help of which star direction can be located? A.VyadhB.PoleC.SaturnD.Marichik 7.What is sun? A.PlanetB.SatelliteC.StarD.Star cluster. 8.Which is the bright star near Mriga star cluster? A.VyadhB.Pole C. PulahD.Sun. 9.From which star cluster pole star can be located when big dipper star cluster is not seen? A.CassiopeiaB.ShikariC.KritikaD.Sharmishtha. 10.Which of the following planet cannot be seen with naked eyes? A.JupiterB.UranusC.MercuryD.Earth. States of MatterL-3 Ex-1 M.C.Q

1.Which state of matter can maintain its shape. AnsA.SolidB.LiquidC.Gaseous D.Non of these 2.Which of the following moleculs of matter have maximum distance between them? Ans A. Mango juiceB.Piece of iron C.Sea water D. Water Vapour. 3.What do we get after absorbing heat from water? Ans A. Steam B. Ice C. Water D. Juice .

4.In which state of matter molecules can move around everywhere ? Ans A. Solid B. Liquid C. Gaseous D. None of these . 5.In which state of matter molecules are closely packed? AnsA. Solid B. Liquid C. Gaseous D. None of these . 6. Which state of matter has fixed volume but does not have fix shape? Ans A. Solid B. Liquid C.Gaseous D. None of these . 7. What is the space occupied by any object called ? Ans A. Weight B. Mass C. Volume D. State. 8. In which state the attraction between molecules is more? AnsA. Solid B. Liquid C.Gaseous D. None of these. 9 .Molecules of which state of matter expands more? Ans A. Solid B. Gaseous C. Liquid D. None of these. 10. Which state of matter does not have fixed shape and volume?

Ans A. Solid B. Liquid L-4 EX-1 MCQS 1. What change can you see in the volume of a solid object on heating?

A. increases B. decreases C. keeps constant D. no change 2. Which object is filled in thermometer to measure temperature? A. water B. mercury C. petrol D. silver 3. On condensation of gas, it. A. Expands B. contracts C. no change is seen in its volume D. nothing can be said 4. How does the milk in a vessel become hot? A. conduction of heat B. convection of heat C. radiation of heat D. none of this 5. Which of the following object is poor conductor of heat? A. wood B. iron C. water D. aluminium 6. What type of thermal transformation does takes place when heat travels from a hot point two cold points in a solid object? A. convention of heat B. conduction of heat C. radiation of heat D. thermal transformation 7. Which of the following object is not a good conductor of heat? A. iron B. plastic C. gold D. silver 8. From which type of thermal transformation we can feel the heat of furnace in winter season inspite of sitting away from it? A. conduction of heat B. convection of C. radiation ofheat D. none of this 9. Which of the following object is poor conductor of heat? A. abonite B. copper C. mercury D. gold 10. What is the thermal transformation in solid from hot end to gradually cold end called? A. convection of heat B. conduction of heat C. radiation of heat D. sublimation

L-5M.C.Q. EX-MCQS 1. Which type changes are changes like phases of moon? a. Manmade b. Natural c. Undesirable d. Non periodic. 2. The process like growth of nail or hair cannot be note down because? a. It is fast change b. It is manmade change c. It is a desirable d. It is a slow change 3. Which of the following is an example of periodic change ? a. Rising of sun b. Falling of flower from plant c. Formation of ice from water d. Cutting of tree 4. Which factor is responsible for change ? a. Colour b. State c. Energy d. Volume 5. Which type of change is making curd out of milk ? a. Natural b. Manmade c. Undesirable d. Periodic 6. Which type of change takes place when crackers are cracked ? a. Slow b. Fast c. Physical d. Artifical 7. What happens when we take slaked lime in a test tube and add some water in it ? a. It gets heat. B. It gets cool. C. It gets burst. D. None of these. 8. Which type of change is day-night ? a. Periodic. B. Manmade C. Physical D. Reversible 9. Which of the following is a undesirable change ? a. Formation of curd from milk b. Ripening of mango c. Preparing organic manure d. Contamination of milk. 10.Which type of change is preparing Chapattis from the flour ? a. Periodic b. Natural c. Fast d. Non-reversible.

L-6 1.. Which gas is helpful in combustion of an object? A.Oxygen B.Nitrogen

C.Carbon dioxide D.Helium Ans-Oxygen

2.Which gas turns the supernatant lime water milky? A.Oxygen B.Nitrogen C.Carbon dioxide D.Hydrogen Ans-Carbon dioxide

3.What is the water-vapour in the air called? A.Snowfall B.Rain C.Moisture D.Particle of dust Ans-Moisture

4.Which gas is in maximum in the air called? A.Nitrogen B.Helium C.Oxygen D.Carbon dioxide Ans-Nitrogen

5.Which gas do we breathe out? A.Oxygen B.Carbon dioxide C.Ozone D.Carbon monoxide Ans-Carbon dioxide

6.Approximately how much nitrogen is there in air? A.21% B.0.04% C.78% D.98% Ans-78%

7..How many percentage of Oxygen is there in air? A.78% B.21% C.41% D.0.04% Ans-21%

8.Bottles of which gas do diver and mountaineers take with them? A.Oxygen B.Carbon dioxide C.Nitrogen

D.Helium Ans-Oxygen

9.Which medium is helpful to listen sound? A.Air B.Vacuum C.Water D.Vapour Ans-Air clearly that they illiterate. L-7 1.Which of the following is the main source of energy. A.Wind B.Sun C.Flowing water D.Diesel Ans-Sun 2.Which of the capacity of an object to do work called? A.Working capacity B.Hard work C.Force D.Energy Ans-Energy 3.Which of the following work needs energy? A.Reading B.Digesting C.Beating of heart D.In all works Ans-In all works

4.From where do animals get energy? A.From water

B.From food C.From petrol D.From wood Ans-From food

5.Which source of energy does plant use to make its food? A.Air B.Sun C.Natural gas D.Petrol Ans-Sun

6.From which energy the petroleum products are produced at long duration? A.Mineral oil B.Sun C.Waves of sea D.Coal Ans-Mineral oil

7.Which source of energy can be exhausted in near future? A.Flowing water B.Wind C.Natural gas D.Waves of sea Ans-Natural gas

8.Which natural source is needed for windmill? A.Wind B.Waves of sea C.Sun D.Mineral oil

Ans-Wind

9.Which is the main source of energy for a train? A.Sun B.Coal C.Petrol D.C.N.G. Gas Ans-Coal

10.In which of the following activity solar energy is used? A.Flowing water B.Wind C.Water cycle D.All of three Ans-Water cycle L-8M.C.Q. 1.Whichofthe following is a living organism in environment? a)Alkali b)Soilc)Air d)Human being 2.Which of the following is a non living organism? a)Animals b)Insects c)Temperature d)Human being 3.Who purifies the air? a)Trees b)Mountains c)Windd)Smoke 4.Which of the following factors cannot purify the air? a)Sun b)Plants c)Micro-organisms c)None of these 5.Whogivesmaximum energy? A0Animal b)Tree c)Solar cooker d)Sun

6.Which of the following factors kills micro-organisms from air andpurifies air? a)Trees b)Wind c)Sun d)Water 7.Who pollutes the soil maximum? a)Plastic b)Paper c)Excreta of animals c)Skins of vegetables 8.What should we do to preserve the environment? a)Plantationof trees b)Construction of lakes c)Construction ofbuildings d)None of these. 9.What is the benefit of treeplantation? a)Purificationof air b)Impurification of air c)Air pollution)Noneof these. 10.Which of the following disease is caused due to polluted water? a)Heart disease b)Diabetes c)Cholera d)Arthritis. EX-2 TRUE OR FALSE.L-1 1. The animals drinking water with tongue are non-vegetarian. TRUE 2. The animals without ears give birth to babies. FALSE 3. There is no difference between animals of two same groups. FALSE 4. Bat has wings and it can fly so,it is called a bird. FALSE 5. Crocodile and frog are aquatic animals. FALSE 6. Earthworm is the friend of farmer. TRUE 7. Whale is a mammal. TRUE 8. Mosquito is a vertebrate animal. FALSE 9. The thumb impression of any two persons can be same. FALSE

10. Animals give us things like ghee, paneer, butter etc. L-2 We can know direction in night with the help of Vyadh star. false 2. All the stars seen in the sky are of same size.false 3 There are eight stars in sharmishtha star cluster.false 4. Pole star can be identified with the help of big dipper star cluster. True 5. The star cluster seen at night on watching in the sky at 90 degree angle is kritika star to the earth. True 6. The sun is nearest star to the earth. True 7. Neptune is a planet than can be seen with naked eyes. False 8. Binocular is required to see planet Saturn. false 9. The stars of Mriga star cluster are brighter than other star cluster. True 10. There are three stars in between Mriga Star cluster. True

L-3 10.Liquids have fixed shape. False 11.Any object is made up of some atoms. 12.It is not definite that how much space will be occupied by gaseous. True 4.Liquid is converted into solid on heating. False 5. The space occupied by any object is called volume. True. 6. To change the state of matters factors like heat and cold are necessary. True 7. Liquids have a characteristic of dispersion. True .

L_4 1. Conduction of heat in copper is more than aluminium. FALSE 2. We should make cement roof instead of iron shade to get protection against heat. TRUE 3. Liquid objects get heated by both the ways of conduction of heat and convection of heat. FALSE 4. Thermal transformation can take place even vacuum. TRUE 5. Mica is the poor conductor of heat. TRUE 6. Wind blows from sea and land are the examples of convection of heat in air. TRUE 7. In radio meter, thermal transformation takes place by the way of radiation of heat. TRUE 8. Heated thing can be kept in the box of thermocol. FALSE l-no 5 EX-2 TRUE OR FALSE 1. Formation of milk from ice-cream on heating and of ice-cream on cooling is called desirable change. TRUE 2. The change in which shape and volume of an object changes is called chemical change. FALSE 3. Growth of living being from child to old man is a desirable and non-reversible change. TRUE 4. Turning of litmus paper from red to blue is a chemical change. TRUE 5. Blooming of a flower on a plant in a pot is a manmade change. FALSE 6. Each and every change or incident has a scientific reason. TRUE 7. The changes which do not take place after definite interval of time are called non-periodic changes. TRUE 8. Natural changes harm human life. FALSE

RUE L-6 EX-2 State True or False 1.Air is needed to pump a primus.True

2.We feel cool under fan in summer season due to evaporation of sweat.True 3.Air has solid particle of dust.True 4.We can find radon particles of air in the light coming from doors and windows.True

5.C.N.G. is helpful in the combustion of any object.True 6.Moving air is called wind.True 7.The minimum amount of gas in air is Carbon dioxide.True 8.Air has mass.True 9.Air can be filled from one glass to another in upside down direction.False 13.`Air is pure so it can be breathed.False. L NO 7 EX-2 State true or false.

1.A toy is non-living so it does not need energy.False 2.Flowing water is an inexhaustible source of energy.True 3.We do not need energy when we are sleeping.False 4.Coal is an exhaustible source of energy.True 5.Electricity can be produce from windmill using diesel.False 6.Water on the earth meets the sea passing from hills and rivers, is called water cycle.False 7.At first, man has used solar energy for cooking.False L- NO 8 Ex-2 true or false 1 insects are all living organisms of environment True 2 all the factors of environment are necessary for living lifeTrue 3 sun light is the natural source for purification of air True 4 man made things increase fertility of soil -False 5 strenth obtained from food is called energyTrue 6 some energy can be increased due to the transfer of energyFalse 7 5thjune is celebrated as world forest day False 8 polio is caused due to polluted waterFalse 9 air is a living organisms of environment False 10 the aim behind tree plantation is to get wood forfurniture.False

EX-3 ANSWER FOLL QUES IN ONE OR TWO SENTENCES. L-1

Q1. Where do animals live? A1. Animals live in the surrounding environment on the land, inside land, in water and on the trees. Q2.Write characteristics which show difference between animals? A2. The characteristics that show difference between animals are their body structure, habitat and food habit

Q5. Name animals having six legs? A5. Animals having six legs are housefly, mosquito. Q6. Name animals that are used to carry load? A6. Animals that are used to carry load are donkey, camel, horse and elephant. Q7. Write two characteristics of amphibians? A7. Two characteristics of amphibians are 1 they live on land as well as in water. 2 They lay eggs. Q8. Write names of ten invertebrate animals? A8. Names of ten invertebrate animals are spider, snail, amoeba, earthworm, butterfly, caterpillar, housefly, mosquito, ant and scorpion. Q9. Which group does lizard belong to? A9. Lizard belongs to reptile group? Q10. Which group does whale belong to? A10. Whale belongs to mammalian group. SCIENCE L-2 Ans IN ONE SENTENCE

What is meaning of pole? Ans-Pole means not moving or remain steady.

Q4 What is called star cluster? Ans- Star cluster is called constellation.

Q6 How many star are there in Mriga star cluster? Ans- There are eight stars in Mriga star cluster. Q7 During which time period is kritika star cluster seen? Ans- Kritika star cluster is seen in December to January. Q8 Which planets cannot with naked eyes? Ans- Uranus and Neptune cannot be seen with naked eyes. L-3 Q1.How many states of matter are there? Which are they? Ans. There are three states of matter. They are solid, liquid and gas.

1. What is the object made up of? Ans.The object is made up of atoms. 2. How does water flow? Ans. In water the molecules are arranged slightly away from one other so the force of attraction is less so molecules can spread everywhere. 3. Why is volume of gaseous substance not fixed?

Ans. The volume of gaseous substance not fixed because the distance among the molecules of gaseous substance is greatest.

4. In which state is the liquid of dhokla converted on heating? Ans. The liquid of dhokla converted into solid on heating.

5. What happens on heating any liquid substance? Ans. Some liquid substance are change to geasous form on heating L-4. Ans in one sentence Q1 What is heat? Ans. Ans.Warmth in the substance is called heat of the substance. Q2.Define good conductors of heat. Ans-The substanceinwhichconduction of heat is fast and easy are called good conductors of heat.eg iron,copperetc Q3.Define poor conductors of heat. AnsThe substance in which conduction of heat is slow and poor is called poor conductors of heat .eg wood, plastic etc

1. What is expansion? Ans. The phenomenon of increasing volume is called expansion. 2. What is meaning of contraction? Ans. The phenomenon of decreasing volume is called contraction.

3. State the uses of thermos. Ans. Uses thermos is used to keep hot things hot and cold things cold for a long time. 4. What is the meaning of vacuum? Ans. Vacuum is the space that is devoid of matter. 5. State the changes in states of matter to heat. Ans. Solid when heated turn into liquids when heated turn into gas. 10.Which instrument is used to measure temperature? Ans. Thermometer is used to measure temperature L NO5 EX-3ANS IN ONE SENTENCE. 1. Due to which type of change does environment get harm? Ans. Due to non agreeable the environment get harm. . 2. Which factor is responsible for change? Ans. Energy is responsible for change. 3. Due to which type of change does life of living beings get harm? Ans. The life of living beings get harm due to non- agreeable changes. . 4. What is physical change? Ans. The change by which the physical state , volume or shape are changed is called a physical change. . L-6 LNO -6 AIR EX -3 ANSWER THE QUESTION IN ONE OR TWO SENTENCES :

Q2 What is moisture ?

Answer. Water vapour and tiny particles of water present in the air is called moisture Q Q5 Which gas is used in the treatment of a patient having breathing problem ? Answer. Oxygen is used in the treatment of a patient having breathing problem .

L_7 EX-3 Ans the following in one or two sentences. 3.What happens if we dont get energy?(any 2 points) Ans-If we dont get energy 1)We cannot walk or run. 2)We cannot do domestic duties without energy. 3)Brain cannot think. 4)The physiological processes of body cannot performed 5)Thus,we cannot survive without energy

4.For which activities do we need energy while we are sleeping? Ans-While we are sleeping we need energy so that our heart beats continue, The food gets digested, respiration goes on and brain does it function. Q5.Which sources of energy can we get again and again? Ans.Sun ,wind and flowing water are the sources of energy which we can get again and again. 6.Which source of energy do we use for cooking? Ans-Sources of energy do we use for cooking are Wood,Coal,Kerosene,Natural gas.

7.Give names of two appliances in which solar energy is used? Ans-Two appliances in which solar energy is used are Solar cooker and Solar water heater.

L-8 .Ex-3 Answer in one sentence 1 which are the main factors of environment ? Ans the main factors of environment are:-biotic factors and abiotic factors 2 which are the living organisms of environment ? AnsPlant,animals,birds,insectsandhuman being are the living organisms of the environment. 3 which are the non-living organisms of environmemt? Ans the non living organisms of environment are air, water ,soil, light , temperature, salts etc. 4 what is called pollution ? Ans the unwanted changes taking place in air , water or soil is called pollution Which are the factors of air purification? Ans the factors of air puricification are:- sun and vegetation 7 which living beings are herbivores ? AnsCow,deer,goat,horse,elephantetc are herbivores.

Ex-6 Classify the following in Animals, Birds and Insects.

Animalser, giraffe, buffalo, leopard, rabbit, elephant

Birds Mynah, eagle, swan, vulture, sparrow, tailor bird, crow, parrot, peahen

Insects

Ant, mosquito, honey bee, snail, centipede, earthworm, crockroach, Classify the following as poor conductor and good conductor of heat spider.

Poor Conductor of heat Good conductor heat Classify the following changes into natural change and of manmade change Paper, leather, plastic, cloth, asbestos, wool , feather, cardboard, Natural changes cork, ebonite. Iron, gold, copper and aluminium Manmade changes Stretching of string, sharpening the knife, lighting of match, making vessel from clay, grinding of food grainsoi of

Spoiling of milk, sunset, lightning, growing of a mango on mango tree

Give ReasonsL-3

1. Water droplets are seen on lifting the dish kept on a hot bowl of food because- the water vapours coming out of the hot bowl of food are condensed when they touch the cold dish and damage into liquid so we can see water droplets on the dish. 2. The fragrance of perfume spreads in the Whole room. Because the molecules of Geasoussubstance are arranged very far from attraction. So less force of attraction. Hence they can move easily and spread in the whole room.

3. An inflated balloon can be pressed easily. Because inflated the balloon. The molecules of gas are very far from each other. so the force of attraction is very less. And so the balloon can pressed easily. 4. Solid cannot be pressed easily because- in the molecules the force of attraction is very strong. This make solid rigid and hard to compressed.

L-NO 4 EX-5 GIVE REASONS. 1. To cover a wheel of bullock cart with iron ring, it is first heated and then water is poured on it because iron ring is first heated it will expand and can be easily put on the wheel. Then as water is poured on the ring it contracts and gets fixed on the wheel. 2. People go for outing on hill-stations in summer because as height increases the temperature decreases and so to have cool and pleasant surrounding people prefer to go on hill-stations in summer. 3. The handles of cooking appliances are made of plastic, wood or abonite because they are poor conductors of heat. So they cannot become hot and we can easily lift them without burning hand. 4. At the joint of two rails of railway, a small gap is kept because so as to create an allowance for expansion of rail whenever temperature rises. Without this gap the rail may baned in hot weather. 5. More incidents of tire burst take place in summer because of two factors. One is heat in the weather and second is heat because of friction between the tire and the road.

L-6 Ex 4 Give Reason : 1 Supernatant lime water becomes milky if it is kept open in the air because one of the component of air is carbon dioxide . Carbon dioxide produces white insoluble particles by chemical reaction with decanted lime water .So , the upper surface of decanted lime water kept open in air becomes milky after sometime 2 Air is a mixture becausethere is nitrogen , oxygen , carbon dioxide ,watervapour , dust particles and some other gases in the air . The proportion of the gases of air varies place to place and time to time . It means the proportion of components of air is not fixed .Moreover , each component of air retains its individual property .So air is not made up of only one constituent . 3 Mountaineers take oxygen cylinders with them because the proportion of oxygen in the air at high mountains is less. The necessary oxygen for respiration is not available to the mountaineers. 4. Ice ifself is cold yet it appears as water vapour comes out of it. Becausethe moisture present in its close surrounding air cools down . This cooled moisture in the form of very minute particles appears around the ice in the air . Hence , it appears as if watervapour is coming out of it .

L-8 1.WE should prevent the soil from getting polluted becausesoil is also an important component of environment . The quality of crop obtained from the soil depends upon the fertility of soil . So , it is necessary to prevent soil pollution caused by plastic, polythen bags , discarded chemical from factories etc. By such pollution fertile land would turn into barren land.

5. We should stop wastage of water because- Water is also an important component of environment . It is very important for sustaining the life of living organisims . The total amount of fresh water on earth is limited. So, we should conserve and stop wastage of water. 7.We should grow more trees because 1. TREES STOP AIR POLLUTION . 2. DURING `PHOTOSYNTHESIS PROCESS THE PLANTS TAKE UP CARBON- DIOXIDE FROM ATMOSPHERE AND REALSE OXYGEN IN THE ATMOSPHERE. 3. PLANTS KEEP ATMOSPHERE COOL. SO FOR GETTING PURE AIR FOR RESPERATION WE SHOULD GROW MORE TREES. Ansin short L-1

Q1. Explain types of animals with example on the basis of their homes? A1. (1) Terrestrial animals They live on land, eg: horse, elephant. (2) Aquatic animals They live in water, eg: fish. (3) Arboreal animals They spend most of their time on trees, eg: monkey, squirrel (4) Aerial animals They spend most of their time in air, eg: crow, sparrow. (5) Amphibian They live both on land and in water, eg: frog, crocodile.

Q2. Which type of diversity is found in the food of animals? A2. Different animals eat different type of food: (1) Herbivores They eat plants and drink water using lips (2) Carnivores They eat flesh of other animals and drink water using tongue (3) Omnivores They eat both plant and flesh of other animals.

(4) Parasites They depend on other animals to live.

Q3. Why does bat is called a mammal? A3. Bat has wings and it can fly still it is called a mammal because it does not lay eggs, but gives birth to young one. L-2 1. How can we find pole star with the help of big dipper(saptarshi) star cluster ? ANS.Tofind pole star in the sky look at straight line in the direction of line joining the first two stars, one and two of big dipper star cluster .

Q2 .HOW can we find pole star with the help of sharmishtha star cluster ? ANS. The pole star forms and imaginary right angle with the third and fourth star of sharmishthagroup .so when we observe sharmishtha star cluster using it we can find the pole star L-3. Q-1. How can you prove that solid have fixed shape and volume ? Ans 1.Place a plate, a bowl and a cup on a table. Now place a piece of stone in plate , bowl and cup one after other and note the change in its shape . 2. We will see that stone change its shape kept in three different vessels. 3. From these we can prove that solids have fixed shape and volume. Q-2. Explain how you can differentiate between solid matter , liquid matter and gaseous matter on the basis of the arrangement of molecules ? Ans

Solid 1.In it distance among molecules is lled heat of substance. 2.Goodvery less. 2.The force of attraction among molecules is very strong. L-4

Liquid 1.In it molecules are arranged slightly away from one another.

Gaseous 1.In it molecules are arranged very far from each other

2.The force of attraction 2.The force of attraction among molecules is less. among molecules is very less.

1. State practical uses of transfer of heat. Ans. 1. Roofs of houses are made of cement sheets. 2. We wear leather shoes or Chapplas in summer. 3. The handles of cooking vessel are made of plastic, wood, or abonite. 4. Ice is kept in sawdust. 5. The hot things and cold things remain cold for long time in thermos flaks. L-5 ANS THE FOLLOWING QUESTION AS DIRECTED. 1. Give six examples of natural changes that we can see around ourselves? Ans. Examples of natural change that we see around ourselves are rising of sun , occurrence of day and night, raining , solar eclipse , blossoming of flower , phases of moon. 2. Give six examples of manmade change? Ans.Examples of manmade change are sharpening of pencil, making furtinure from wood , to make roti from flour. 3. What is fast change? Giveexamples of it. Ans.The changes occurring fast is called fast change. Examples brusting of fire crackers, earth quake, blowing of wind and lighting. 4. .What is non periodic change ? Giveexamples of it.

Ans.The changes which do not happen after definite interval time are called non periodic change.eg healing of awound,formationofrainbow, blowing of wind andripening of fruit.

L-6 EX-5 Ans the following as directed : 1.State uses of air. Ans-Uses of air are 1)It is filled in wheels of cycle,scooter,rickshaw,motorcar,truck and Aeroplane. 2)Clothes dry up due to air. 3)It is necessary for the propagation of sound. 4)To pump stove and petro max air is necessary. 5)Air is necessary for the flight of birds and aeroplanes. 2.State different particles of air. Ans-Different particles of air are nitrogen,oxygen,carbondioxide,moisture and dust particles.Moreover ozone gas and some other gases are also present in small quantity.

3.How does moisture come in air? 1)Due to solar heater the water from sea, Water resources and rivers get inverted into vapour and mix with atmospheric air. 2)The moisture expelled by animals and plants through respiration mix with air. 3)The water on land gets converted into vapour due to excessive solar heat and mix with air.Thus,the water vapour mixes in air continuously in form of moisture. 4.How will you prove that`particles of dust is mixed in air? ANS. Take three cardboards on which oily substance is applied. Put one cardboard in the classroom,second near the road and third in the cupboard.Observe then after one hour. We will see dust particles on each cardboard.But maximum dust

particles are seen on the cardboard kept near the road. This shows that particles of dust is mix in air

L-NO 8

1.How is soil useful to us? Ans-1)Soil is a habitat for living organisms. 2)Vegetation observed water and mineral salts from soils and synthesis food, which is used by animals. 2.What is effect of polluted water on our health? Ans-Drinking polluted water is injurious to health.Stomachache,loose motion,dysentery, jaundice are caused due to drinking polluted water.Diseases like typhoid,cholera,guinea worm can also occur due to drinking polluted water.

3.Which factors are responsible for the pollution of air, water and soil? Ans-Chemical insecticides and atomic radiation are responsible for the pollution of air, water and soil.

4.How do sun and plant keep the air pure?

Ans-1)Sun-Its heat destroy the micro organisms present in air and thus air is purify. 2)Plants-They absorb carbon dioxide on the process of photosynthesis and release the oxygen thus, green plants purify air.

7.Make a list of useful and harmful things for the fertility of soil? Ans-1)Useful things-Organic substances,fertilizers ,clay,earthworms,useful bacteria,living organisms like decomposers and transformers,leaves etc. 2)Harmful things-Plastic,polythene bags,iron scraps,pieces of glasses,insecticides,excessive chemical fertilizers,Seeds of weeds,etc.

ANSWER IN DETAIL . L-NO2 Q1. Explain big dipper ( saptarshi ) star cluster ? ANS. 1. THE group of seven star seen slight in the northern dierction above our head is called saptarshi 2. they are shinning little more than other star 3. all the star of this group are named after our great sages 4. they are marichik, vashistha, angira, atria, pulah, kratu and pulatsaya 5. saptarshi is seen clearly from febrary to augustonly 6. with the help of first two star of saptarshi the position of the pole star can be found .

Q2. Explain sharmishta star cluster ? ANS. 1.the constellation which forms the shape like capital W or M is sharmishta 2. their are five star in this constallation 3. it is visible in the sky from september to febrary 4. it help us to located pole star in the star .

Q3. Explain mriga star cluster ? ANS. A bright star is seen in the east direction in the sky from december to febrary at night it shines more than there so that it is easy to make out it is known as vyadha star a group of three bright star can be seen in a staright line others stars can be seen around them this group of star is called mriga star cluster mriga means deer so this constallation is also known as deer .

Q3. How many planets are there? give one-one charcteristics of the planets that can be seen with naked eyes? ANS. There are eight planets the planets which can be seen with naked eyes are 1. mercury -it is the nearest planets to the sun which as no atmosphere 2. venes -it is the brightness planet and is called morning star 3. mars- it is a red coloured planet 4. juptier- it is the largest planet 5. satuen- it is the most beautiful planet with blue iced rings around . L-NO 7 EX-4 Answer the following questions as directly. 1.Why is sun called main source of energy? Explain. Ans-The sun gives the energy in form of light and heat on the earth.Green vegetation prepare there own food with the help of sunlight.Vegetation provides food to animals.Animals like lion,tiger get the food by hunting the other animals.Every beings gets energy by eating the food.The whole world remains

alive.So the sun provide energy to the whole world.Moreoverwood,coal,mineral oil and natural gas are sources of energy formed from the solar energy.So the sun is called main source of energy.

2.`Living and non-living each need energy to work.-Explain. Ans-Living beings need energy to perform their work.They require energy to do domestic duties.The physiological processes of their body require energy.Nonliving things like scooter,bus require energy to run,which is obtained from petrol, diesel or CNG to run train energy is obtained coal,diesel or electricity.To draw horse cart,the necessary energy to horse is obtained from food.Thus,everyone require energy from any energy source to work continuously. L-8 Detail: 1. Write remedies to stop air pollution? Ans-1 1. The engines of vehicles should be checked periodically and should be serviced regularly. 2. Fuel and Engine oil in vehicles should be without adultration. 3.Vehicles run by CNG & LPG should be used. 4. A special arrangement should be done for the purification of smoke coming out of factories. 5. The rule related to pollution control must be observe strictly in the factories or mills. 2.What can we do to stop wastage of water? Ans-2We should keep the following steps in mind to stop wastage of water:

1.

2. 3. 4.

We should stop river water from flowing away in the sea. For this dam or check-dam should be constructed . To store water. Drinking water should not be wasted . One should take water in a glass as per required. In our daily routine work we should take water as per our need. Rain water should be stored.

3. How does soil pollution takes place? Ans-3 Soil pollution take place: 1.By mixing of various waste , garbage, packing tins, boxes , things made of plastic, polyethen bags.etc in the soil. 2. By mixing of insecticides for crops, chemical fertilizer.etc in the soil. 4. How are trees useful to us ? Ans-4 1. Trees stop air pollution. 2.They keep environment cool and clean. 3. They help in rainfall. 4.They provide us medicines and food in daily life. 5. During photosynthesis process plants take in carbon dioxide from atmosphere and release oxygen in atmosphere. 5.Explain importance of water in our life? Ans-Water is useful to us in many ways.We cannot survive without water cleanliness of our body,house hold cleanliness and other works cannot be done without water,crops protection and animal husbandry cannot be possible without water.Thus,without water the existence of biotic components of the environment is not possible.

6.Explain flow of energy in environment with the reference of food chain? Ans-Sun provides energy in the form of heat and light to the earth vegetation synthesis food by photo synthesis in presence of sunlight.Human beings and herbivores use it.thus,the energy stored as food in vegetation is obtained by animals.The herbivores like cow,buffalo give us milk.We use milk and milk products as a food and get energy.Thus,the energy flows from vegetation to animals through food chain.

Ex-5 Difference: L-NO1 (1) Vertebrates and Invertebrate Animals

(2) Terrestrial animals and aquatic animals

Vertebrates Vertebrates (1) Vertebral column is (5) present. Vertebral column is (2) present. They are generally (6) large They in are generally size. size. (3) large They in are less in (7) number. They are less in (4) number. Eg: Cow, Lizard, Fish (8) Eg: Cow, Lizard, Fish

Invertebrates (1) In 1) They do not have vertebral column. 2) They are generally small in size. 3) They are more in number. 4) Eg.Scorpion,spider

Terrestrial animals (1) Animals that live on land are called terrestrial animals. (2) They breathe with

Aquatic animals (1) Animals that live in water are called aquatic animals. (2) Fish have gills for

L-NO2. Give differences 1.Planets and Star 1.They are not twinkling 2. They change their position with respect to other star 3.Their brightness depends on other 1.They are twinkling. 2.Their position are fixed. 3. They are Self bright

2.Pole star and Vyadh star Pole star 1.The star which remains steady is Pole star. 2. It is always seen in North d Vyadh star 1.The star known as hunter is Vyadh star 2.It is seen in East Direction.

L-NO3. Give Differences 1.Solid Matter and Liquid Matter. Solid 1.They have definite shape. 2. They are less comprisable. 3. They do not spread. 1. Most solid change to liquid when heated.

Liquid 1.They do not have definite shape. 2. They are more comprisable. 3. They can spread. 4. Some liquid change to gas when heated.

2. Liquid Matter and Gaseous Matter. Liquid Gaseous

1. 2. 3.
3.

They have definite shape . They are less comprisable. They defuse but not in all direction.

1.They do not have definite volume. 2. They are more comprisable.

3. They can defuse in all direction.

Solid Matter and Gaseous Matter. Solid Gaseous 1.They have definite shape. 1.They did not have any shape. 2.They have volume. 2.They not have volume. 3.They cannot spread. 3.They can spread everywhere.

L-NO4.

Ex 6 Difference CONDUCTION OF HEAT CONVECTION OF HEAT

Conduction of heat. 1.In it heat is transformed from hot end to cold end gradually.

2.It takes place in solid.

Convention of heat. 1.In it heated molecules become lighter and move up and heavy molecules move down to occupy their position. 2.It takes place in Liquid.

L-NO5. GIVE DIFFERENCES:

1. Desriable changes and Undesriable change. Desriable changes Undesriable change. 1. The changes which are 1.the changes by which we or our beneficial to environment is harmed is called Us are called Desriable Undesriable change. changes. 2. Examples raining , growth of 2. Examples rusting of iron, living being. spoiling of milk.

2.slow and fast change. slow change fast change. 1. These Changes occur slowly. 1.These changes occur fast. 2. They cannot be observe. 2.they can be observe. 3. Example rustling of iron , 3. Example earthquake, lightning in decreasing the length of hair. the sky. 3. PERODIC AND NON-. PERODIC CHANGE. . PERODIC CHANGE NON-. PERODIC CHANGE 1. The change which gets 1. The change which does not reapeatedsertan times happen after definite interval intervals are called PERODIC of time is called CHANGE. NON-. PERODIC CHANGE. 2. Example rising of sun, 2. Example healing of wound, occurrence of day and night. formation of rainbow.

Ex IX Experiment 1.Explain the experiment with diagram to prove that thermal transformation takes place from hot end to cold end in solids. 2.Explain the experiment with diagram to prove that air is needed for combustion. AIM : To prove that air is needed for combustion

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS : A transparent glass former , candle , match box METHOD : 1] Light the candle , keep it erect on a flat surface . 2] Cover the candle with the transparent glass and observe it. OBSERVATION : The candle extinguishes after sometime. RESULT :For combustion of candle oxygen of the air is necessary . So , when the burning candle is covered with the transparent glass the oxygen of the air enclosed in it is used up for the combustion of the candle . Hence , the candle extinguishes in the absence of oxygen . Diagram Pg No 54 , Figure 6.1

Ex IX Experiment 1.Explain the experiment with diagram to prove that thermal transformation takes place from hot end to cold end in solids. Aim To show that thermal transformation takes place from hot end to cold end in soilds Appartus Two bricks , metal wire or strip , candle , pins , wax . Method 1) Take a metal wire or strip . 2) Attach pins at the equal distances of two inches on the lower surface of the wire with wax . 3)Keep one of the ends of metal wire or strip between two bricks as shown in the figure . 4)Heat other end of metal wire with candle and observe after some time. Observation - The pins from end of the wire towards the candle start falling down in order .

Result On heating one end of the wire , the heated molecules transfer heat to the nearby molecules and thus heat is transferred from hot end to cold end in solid . Diagram Pg No 32 , Fig 4.13