5.

5 Radio Resource Allocation This section describes the procedures enabling the assignment of radio resource to the mobile and in consequence the establishment of a TBF. These procedures correspond to the transition from packet idle mode to packet transfer mode. The procedures used for the report of measurements are also detailed. As described in Chapter 3, two kinds of TBF can be established: plink TBF assigning uplink radio resource to the mobile with a downlink signaling channel! "ownlink TBF assigning downlink resources on shared #"C$s with an uplink signaling channel. Two simultaneous TBFs assigned to the same %& in opposite direction 'uplink and downlink( are said to be concurrent. ).).* plink TBF +stablishment The mobile triggers the establishment of an uplink TBF for three ma,or reasons: To perform an uplink data transfer! To answer a paging! To perform a -%% procedure 'e.g., .A update procedure and -#.& attach procedure(. ).).*.* .AC$/#.AC$ #hase Access .equest The mobile triggers the establishment of an uplink TBF: B0 sending a C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on the .AC$ when there is no #BCC$ in the cell! B0 sending a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on the #.AC$ if #BCC$ is present in the cell. The mobile ma0 also request the establishment of an uplink TBF during a downlink TBF on #ACC$. There are two codings for the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message. 5ne format allows the transport of 6 bits information and the other one ** bits information. The C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message carries 6 bits of information. The C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message is used for both circuit7switched access and packet access. This message contains 6 bits of information, allowing a limited number of uplink combinations. As some of the combinations are reser8ed for -&% access, fewer combinations are a8ailable for packet access. 5n #.AC$, no circuit7switched access can occur. All the bit combinations of 6 or ** bits of information within the access message are reser8ed for packet access onl0. Thus, access through the #.AC$ allows the mobile to send more precise information on its capabilit0 and requirements in order to establish as quickl0 as possible an uplink TBF.

Note On the RACH, the MS is unable to indicate its multislot capability in the CHANNEL REQUEST messa e! "n o#de# to use its ma$imum capability, it %ill be necessa#y to establish a T&' in t%o phases! The othe# possibility is to sta#t the uplin( t#ans)e# usin only one time slot* once the mobile is identi)ied, the &SS can then #e+uest the mobile capabilities to the S,SN and )inally e$tend the allocation %hen they %ill be #ecei-ed! E-en i) the multislot capability o) the mobile is i-en to the net%o#( du#in the ,.RS attach p#ocedu#e, the &SS does not ha-e this in)o#mation %hen it #ecei-es the access #e+uest! This in)o#mation is only a-ailable at the S,SN side! The t%o/phase access p#ocedu#e is desc#ibed in the )ollo%in sections!
As shown in Figure ).), the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T and #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T messages are composed of two parts: 5ne establishment cause! 5ne random reference.

Figure ).): Channel request and packet channel request format. The random reference length is from 9 to ) bits depending on the establishment cause. The random reference reduces the probabilit0 that two %&s requiring the establishment of a TBF send e:actl0 the same message in the same .AC$ or #.AC$ occurrence. This could happen, but the problem is sol8ed b0 the contention resolution procedure described later. ;hen the %& requests the establishment of an uplink TBF, it randoml0 chooses the few bits that are sent within the random reference field of the access request message. ;hen the network assigns the resources to the mobile it returns the request reference 'random reference, establishment cause, and F1 in which the AB was recei8ed( in order for the %& to correlate the assignment and the request. <f two mobiles ha8e sent an AB at the same time using different request references, the one that is not addressed b0 the returned request reference 8alue will abort the access procedure. The two basic procedures used for the establishment of an uplink TBF are: The one7phase The two7phase ;hich t0pe of access request access procedure! access procedure. procedure is used is indicated or deduced from the establishment cause of the message.

The different establishment causes that can be signaled b0 the mobile within the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message are: 5ne7phase access! Two7phase access! &hort access 'used when the mobile wants to transfer an amount of data that is less than 6 .2C/%AC blocks(! #age response 'used in response to a paging(! Cell update 'used to trigger a cell update procedure(! %% procedure! &ingle block without TBF establishment 'used to send a measurement report to the network(. For the short access, page response, cell update, and %% procedure access t0pes, the TBF is established using one7phase access. ;ithin the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, onl0 two establishment causes are possible for packet access: the one7phase access and the single7block packet access. This last one is used to initiate the two7phase access procedure. ;hen the mobile requests a short access, one7phase access, or two7phase access using an **7 bits #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, it has to indicate the radio priorit0 of the TBF. The highest radio priorit0 is indicated when the TBF is used for signaling purposes. <f the mobile wants to establish a TBF in the .2C unacknowledged mode, it must request a two7 phase access procedure. B0 default, the one7phase access requests a TBF in .2C acknowledged mode. The two7phase access procedure is longer than the one7phase access, as it requires the e:change of four messages 'see section below( rather than two as in the one7phase access. The ad8antage of the two7phase access is that it allows the mobile to gi8e more precision on its capabilities and requirements. As pre8iousl0 mentioned, during a one7phase access on the .AC$, the mobile cannot pro8ide its multislot capabilit0. &o in case of long uplink TBF, it is interesting for the mobile to request a two7phase access allowing a higher throughput thanks to the allocation of more time slots in uplink. 5n #.AC$, the mobile can indicate its multislot class for a one7phase access within the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message.

Access #ersistence Control on #.AC$ <t could happen that two %&s tr0 to access the network at the same time and send their ABs on the same #.AC$ occurrence. <n this situation, a collision is detected at the BT& side and if the two ABs are recei8ed with appro:imatel0 the same power, neither of the two ABs is decoded. The access persistence control allows that the two mobiles a8oid retransmitting ABs in the same #.AC$ occurrence in their ne:t attempt. For that the occurrence in which the mobile will send the ne:t AB is randoml0 determined. This mechanism is controlled d0namicall0 b0 the network through the broadcast of access persistence control parameters on the #BCC$ and #CCC$. The control of access persistence on #.AC$ is used to limit the collision probabilit0 on this channel. The parameters in8ol8ed in access persistence control are listed below. %A=>.+T.A1& indicates the ma:imum number of #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message retransmissions the mobile is allowed to do. #+.&<&T+1C+>2+?+2 is a threshold whose usage is described below. The range of this parameter is @A, *, 9, ..., *B, *CD. & indicates the minimum number of #.AC$ occurrences between two consecuti8e #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T messages. T=><1T defines the spreading inter8al 'in terms of #.AC$ occurrences( of the random access. ;hene8er the mobile attempts to send a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, it has to draw a random 8alue with uniform probabilit0 distribution in the set @A, *, 9, ......., *)D. The %& is allowed to transmit a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message if the random 8alue is greater than or equal to #+.&<&T+1C+>2+?+2. The ne:t #.AC$ occurrence in which the %& attempts to send a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message is determined b0 the parameters & and T=><1T. This is illustrated in Figure ).C. After %A=>.+T.A1& E * attempts to send a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, the mobile is not allowed to transmit an0 more access messages.

Figure ).C: Access persistence control on #.AC$. 1ote that the #+.&<&T+1C+>2+?+2 and %A=>.+T.A1& parameters depend on the radio priorit0 of the TBF. Four different radio priorities e:ist. Four 8alues for each two parameters are broadcast b0 the network. The mobile chooses the one corresponding to the radio priorit0 of the TBF it wants to establish. "epending on the #.AC$ load and the number of collisions detected on the #.AC$, the network can ad,ust the different access persistence control parameters, in order to regulate the load on #.AC$ and reduce the number of collisions. This ensures a constant throughput on the #.AC$. <n order to reduce the load on the #.AC$, the network can also forbid access to mobiles belonging to some access control classes. The access control class is a subscriber parameter. <t is used to fa8or some subscribers in relation to others for accessing the network. The parameter ACC>C51T.>C2A&&, which is broadcast on #BCC$, indicates which access control classes are allowed to access the network. ).).*.9 plink TBF +stablishment on CCC$

;hen #BCC$ is not present in the cell and a mobile in packet idle mode wants to establish an uplink TBF, it performs access on CCC$. 5ne7#hase Access #rocedure on CCC$ Figure ).F describes the scenario for one7phase access uplink TBF establishment on CCC$. This procedure allows the allocation of onl0 one time slot to the %&, e8en if its multislot class would ha8e allowed more. This is due both to the impossibilit0 of signaling the multislot class within the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message and to a limitation in the length of the <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message.

Figure ).F: 5ne7phase access establishment scenario on CCC$. The %& initiates this procedure b0 sending a C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on the .AC$. The C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message contains the establishment cause and the random 8alue as described in the pre8ious section. The establishment cause for this procedure is one7phase access. 1ote that the network does not ha8e to respect the one7phase access request of the mobile and ma0 force a two7phase access procedure. pon reception of the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, the B&& sends an <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message on A-C$. This message contains the following information: Request reference. This includes the contents of the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message and the F1 in which it was recei8ed. TA parameters. These include the TA inde: and the TA T1 if continuous TA is implemented b0 the network and the initial TA. <n this case the TA T1 corresponds to the allocated #"C$. Uplink TFI. This parameter identifies the uplink TBF. Channel coding command. This parameter indicates to the mobile which coding scheme 'C&7*, C&79, C&73, or C&7B( to use for uplink data transmission. Packet channel description. This indicates the allocated T1, the training sequence code, and the frequenc0 parameters. TLLI block channel coding. This is used to indicate the coding scheme that must be used for data transmission during the contention resolution phase. The 8alue could be C&7* or the pre8ious channel coding command. The contention resolution procedure is described later. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. !edium access parameters. These indicate the &F 8alue in case of d0namic allocation and the fi:ed allocated bitmap in case of fi:ed allocation 'refer to &ection 3.3.9.3 for more details on the medium access methods(. 1ote that if the initial TA is not pro8ided, the %& must await the reception of a correct TA 8alue gi8en during the continuous TA procedure before starting to transmit. The assigned #"C$ must be in the same frequenc0 band as the BCC$, since the bands supported b0 the mobile are unknown at this time. The network ma0 request an acknowledgment from the mobile. The acknowledgment is requested b0 setting the polling bit in the <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message. <f the polling bit is set to *, the mobile sends a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message on the assigned #"C$, in the uplink block specified b0 the TBF starting time parameter. <n this case the TBF starting time is used to indicate when the assigned #"C$ becomes 8alid and when the uplink block for #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message is sent. The TBF starting time indicates the F1 in which the uplink TBF starts. The #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message is sent as either a normal .2C/%AC control block or as four consecuti8e identical ABs. The format of this message depends on the C51T.52>AC4>TG#+ parameter 8alue broadcast on BCC$ or #BCC$.

1ote that the network ma0 request the sending of a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message in order to be sure that the mobile has recei8ed the uplink assignment and to a8oid the allocation of uplink resources that will not be used, particularl0 in case of d0namic allocation. At the end of the assignment procedure, the mobile enters into contention resolution phase. This procedure is described later in this chapter. Two7#hase Access #rocedure on CCC$ The mobile must initiate a two7phase access procedure when it wants to establish a TBF in .2C unacknowledged mode. This procedure ma0 be requested in other cases not specified in the -&% standard 'e.g., if the mobile wants to establish an uplink TBF with multislot allocated on CCC$(. 1ote that when a two7phase access is requested b0 the mobile, the network must use this procedure to establish the uplink TBF. Figure ).6 describes the scenario for two7phase access uplink establishment on CCC$.

Figure ).6: Two7phase access establishment scenario on CCC$. The mobile initiates the two7phase access procedure b0 sending a C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on .AC$ requesting a single7block packet access. pon receipt of the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message, the network sends an <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message to the mobile on A-C$. This message allocates one single uplink block to the mobile on a #"C$. The <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message contains the following parameters: Request reference. This includes the contents of the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message and the F1 in which it was recei8ed. Packet channel description. This indicates the allocated T1, the training sequence code, and the frequenc0 parameters. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. T"F starting time. This indicates the F1 in which the mobile will start sending its uplink single block. Initial TA. This is used to transmit in the single block allocation. p to this point, no TF< is allocated to the mobile. The network does not know the e:act reason for the establishment cause 'the mobile ma0 ha8e requested a single7block packet access for the mere purpose of sending a measurement report to the network! see &ection ).).3(. <n this uplink block occurrence, the mobile sends a #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message in order to indicate the two7phase access request. <t contains the following information:

TLLI. This parameter uniquel0 identifies the mobile. Access t#pe. This indicates the reason for requesting the access 'in this e:ample, two7phase access(. Channel request description. This indicates the peak throughput class for the #"# conte:t of the 22C #" , the radio priorit0, the .2C mode, the t0pe of the first 22C #" , and the number of .2C data octets of the requested TBF. !$ radio access capabilit#. This indicates the mobile capabilities in terms of multislot class and .F power for the different frequenc0 bands that are supported b0 the mobile. ;ith all this information, the network is able to allocate uplink resources in a more efficient wa0. The requested TBF properties are used b0 the network to select the multiple:ing le8el matching. "epending on the 3o& parameters, more or less bandwidth will be allocated to the mobile. The mobile that will share the same uplink #"C$s as other mobiles will ha8e more or less uplink resources depending on these parameters. The radio access capabilit0 parameters are used to take ma:imum ad8antage of the mobile capabilities. The allocated #"C$s can be in an0 frequenc0 band that is supported b0 the mobile. 1ote that if the mobile indicates A for the number of .2C data octets that ha8e to be transferred, the network interprets the TBF as an open7ended TBF. <n this case, the number of uplink resources needed is undetermined. This information concerns onl0 the fi:ed7allocation multiple:ing scheme for which it is 8er0 important for the network to know the e:act amount of uplink data in order to optimiHe the allocation of uplink resources. At this time in this procedure, the mobile does not know the uplink multiple:ing scheme that is used b0 the network. Thus this information will alwa0s be pro8ided. pon receipt of the #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message, the B&& sends a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message on #ACC$ assigning uplink resources to the mobile. This message contains the following parameters:

TLLI. This is used to address the block in downlink. TA parameters. These include the TA inde: and the TA T1 if continuous TA is implemented b0 the network. Uplink TFI. This parameter identifies the uplink TBF. Channel coding command. This parameter indicates to the mobile which coding scheme 'C&7*, C&79, C&73, or C&7B( to use for uplink data transmission. Packet channel description. This indicates the training sequence code and the frequenc0 parameters. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. !edium access parameters. These include &F 8alues on the different allocated time slots in case of d0namic allocation or e:tended d0namic allocation, and time slot allocation, downlink control timeslot 'downlink #ACC$(, and the fi:ed7allocation bitmap parameters in case of fi:ed allocation. The network pro8ides a TBF starting time in case of fi:ed allocation. <t indicates the F1 in which the bitmap starts to be 8alid. <n case of d0namic or e:tended d0namic allocation, the TBF starting time is optional. <f it is pro8ided, the mobile starts listening to the &F in the F1 indicated. The network can poll the mobile within the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message to request the sending of a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message. The polling is performed using the &/# and ..B# fields of the downlink control block %AC header. ).).*.3 plink TBF +stablishment on #CCC$

;hen #BCC$ is present in the cell and a mobile in packet idle mode wants to establish an uplink TBF, it performs access on #CCC$. 5ne7#hase Access #rocedure on #CCC$ Figure ).I describes the scenario for one7phase access uplink establishment on #CCC$. The mobile triggers the establishment of an uplink TBF using the one7phase access procedure b0 sending a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on #.AC$ indicating one of the following access t0pes: one7phase access, short access, page response, cell update, or %% procedure.

Figure ).I: 5ne7phase access establishment scenario on #CCC$. 1ote that despite the request of the mobile, the network can force a two7phase access procedure when a one7phase access is requested. The #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message contains either 6 or ** bits of information depending on the ACC+&&>B .&T>TG#+ parameter, which is broadcast on #BCC$. The establishment cause of the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message contains the multislot class of the mobile. %oreo8er, if the message is sent in the **7bit format, it also contains the radio priorit0 of the TBF. The network is then able to assign uplink resources matching the multislot capabilit0 of the mobile. The radio priorit0 parameter, if a8ailable, can be used b0 the network to prioritiHe the request in relation to others recei8ed from other mobiles. The network sends the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message on the #CCC$ on which the request has been recei8ed. This message contains the same parameters as described in &ection ).).*.9 for one7phase access procedure on CCC$, e:cept that the packet request reference is gi8en instead of the request reference and the medium access parameters handle more than one time slot allocation. The medium access parameters consists of: &F 8alues on the different allocated time slots in case of d0namic allocation or e:tended d0namic allocation! Time slot allocation, downlink control time slot, and the fi:ed7allocation bitmap parameters in case of fi:ed allocation. The allocated #"C$ will be in the same frequenc0 band as the #BCC$ because the radio access technolog0 t0pes of the mobile are not known at this time. ;hen the mobile recei8es the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message, it enters into packet transfer mode and the contention resolution phase starts. The network can poll the mobile within the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message to request the sending of a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message. The polling is performed b0 using the &/# and ..B# fields of the downlink control block %AC header. Two7#hase Access #rocedure on #CCC$ The mobile requests a two7phase access request when it wants to establish a TBF in .2C unacknowledged mode. This procedure ma0 also be requested b0 the mobile to establish a TBF in .2C acknowledged mode. Figure ).*A describes the scenario for two7phase access uplink TBF establishment on #CCC$ when the mobile is in packet idle mode.

Figure ).*A: Two7phase access establishment scenario on #CCC$. The %& requests the establishment of a TBF in two7phase access b0 sending a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on #.AC$. The establishment cause within the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message indicates two7phase access. 1ote that the network must respect the request of the mobile. <f the AB is sent with the **7bit format, the radio priorit0 is also indicated within the establishment cause. 5n receipt of the access request, the network allocates a single uplink block to the mobile b0 sending a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message. This message contains the following information: Packet request reference. This includes the contents of the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message and the F1 in which it was recei8ed. Packet channel description. This indicates the training sequence code and the frequenc0 parameters. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. T"F starting time. This indicates the F1 in which the mobile will send the #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message. Packet TA parameters. The initial TA is gi8en to transmit in the single block allocation. Time slot number. This indicates the time slot on which the block must be sent. The end of the procedure is e:actl0 the same as the one for two7phase establishment on CCC$ 'refer to &ection ).).*.9(. #acket Access 3ueuing 1otification #rocedure ;hene8er the network recei8es an access request from a mobile on #.AC$ and it cannot satisf0 the request, a queuing notification ma0 be sent to the mobile. This will indicate to the mobile that its request has been correctl0 recei8ed b0 the network and taken into account, but the network is temporaril0 unable to satisf0 it. From a network point of 8iew, this procedure reduces #.AC$ congestion. ;hen the mobile recei8es the queuing notification, it will stop tr0ing to access the cell. This procedure is onl0 supported on #CCC$. Figure ).** describes an e:ample of uplink access establishment preceded b0 a temporar0 queuing phase.

Figure ).**: #acket queuing notification procedure. The mobile requests the establishment of a TBF b0 sending a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message on #.AC$. Because of congestion or other reasons, the network is unable to satisf0 the request. A #AC4+T 3 + <1- 15T<F<CAT<51 message is sent on the #CCC$ on which the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message was recei8ed. The #AC4+T 3 + <1- 15T<F<CAT<51 message contains the following information: Packet request reference. This includes the contents of the #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message and the F1 in which it was recei8ed. Temporar# queuing identifier %T&I'. This parameter identifies the request of the mobile. ;hen the mobile recei8es the queuing indication, it starts monitoring its downlink #CCC$. The queuing duration is handled b0 a timer at the %& and B&& side. ;hene8er uplink resources again become a8ailable at network side, the B&& sends a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message to the mobile assigning uplink resource corresponding to the mobile requests. The mobile is addressed within the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message using the T3<. ).).*.B plink TBF +stablishment ;hen "ownlink TBF <s Alread0 +stablished

The mobile has the possibilit0 of establishing an uplink TBF when it is in packet transfer mode, thus during a downlink TBF. Figure ).*9 describes this procedure.

Figure ).*9: #rocedure for uplink establishment when the %& is in #acket Transfer %ode. The mobile requests the establishment of an uplink transfer during a downlink TBF b0 including a channel request description within the #AC4+T "5;12<14 AC4/1AC4 message. This message is used b0 the mobile to acknowledge the .2C data blocks recei8ed in downlink. <ts sending on the #ACC$ is controlled b0 the polling mechanism on a network order. The channel request description contains the same information as described in &ection ).).*.9 for

the two7phase access procedure on CCC$. ;hen the network detects the channel request description within a #AC4+T "5;12<14 AC4/1AC4 message, it allocates uplink resources 'if a8ailable( to the mobile b0 sending a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message, which contains the following information: (o nlink TFI or TLLI. This parameter is used to address the mobile in downlink. TA information. <n case of continuous TA, the network ma0 allocate a new time slot and TA< for the procedure. Channel coding command. This indicates the coding scheme for use in the uplink direction. !edium access parameters. This was described in &ection ).).*.9 for the two7phase access procedure on CCC$. T"F starting time. This indicates the F1 in which the uplink TBF starts. Uplink TFI. This identifies the uplink TBF. 1ote that:

*. ;hen the B&& allocates the uplink resources it must respect the multislot class of the mobile. As a downlink TBF alread0 e:ists, the uplink resources assigned must be compatible with the downlink ones. <f the network is not able to allocate uplink resources matching the downlink ones, it can reallocate at the same time the uplink and downlink resources b0 using the #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message. This message allows reallocation of both uplink and downlink resources. 9. ;hen the %& recei8es the #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T or #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message, it will not enter in contention resolution phase since the mobile is alread0 uniquel0 identified at the B&& side. 3. The network could re,ect the request b0 sending a #AC4+T ACC+&& .+J+CT message on the #ACC$. ).).*.) plink TBF %odification

The network can modif0 at an0 time the uplink TBF b0 sending either a new #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message as illustrated in Figure ).*3 or a #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message on the #ACC$. The #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message is onl0 used when there are two concurrent TBFs alread0 established. Through this procedure, the network can modif0 the multislot allocation of the mobile.

Figure ).*3: %odification of the uplink TBF initiated b0 the network. &uch a procedure could be triggered when there is a change of ser8ice requested b0 the %&. <n fact, during an uplink transfer, upper la0ers ma0 request the transfer of an 22C #" with a different radio priorit0 or peak throughput class. The modification of the ser8ice demand is requested b0 the mobile b0 sending a #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message on the #ACC$ including the channel request description. This procedure can also be triggered b0 the network in the following situations: <n case of modification of the allocated #"C$s in the cell 'e.g., increase of circuit7switched traffic and thus reduction of the number of #"C$s in the cell(! <n case the link qualit0 on the allocated #"C$s for the mobile is not sufficient. The network can pro8ide a new TF< assignment. The new allocation takes effect in the F1 indicated b0 the TBF starting time.

).).*.C Contention .esolution #rocedure <t could happen that two mobiles tr0ing to access the network send the same C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message 'respecti8el0 #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message( within the same .AC$ occurrence 'respecti8el0 #.AC$ occurrence(. <t ma0 also happen that the two mobiles use the same establishment cause and the same packet reference request. <f the two messages are recei8ed at the BT& side with appro:imatel0 the same le8el, the BT& will detect a collision on .AC$ or #.AC$ and then no access message will be decoded. The two mobiles will tr0 to access the network later on, and the probabilit0 that the same occurrence is chosen is low. This does not cause an0 problem. $owe8er, if one mobile is near the BT& and the other one is far awa0, due to the capture effect there is a high probabilit0 that the BT& decodes the message that was sent b0 the nearest mobile. <n this case, the BT& will allocate uplink resources b0 sending a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message. &ince the two mobiles ha8e transmitted the same message in the same .AC$ or #.AC$ occurrence, the0 will both identif0 their packet reference request and beha8e as if the assignment message was for them. <n this case the two %&s will transmit in the same uplink #"TC$ occurrence as described in Figure ).*B.

Figure ).*B: Contention at TBF establishment. <n order to a8oid ha8ing one of the two %&s recei8e data that is not intended for it, the mobile, during the contention resolution phase, must not accept the establishment of a concurrent TBF. <t must also not accept control messages such as #AC4+T C+22 C$A1-+ 5."+. message and #AC4+T #5;+. C51T.52/T<%<1- A"?A1C+. For securit0 reason, this shall be a8oided. Contention .esolution at 5ne7#hase Access <n order to a8oid this problem after uplink TBF establishment, the %& must insert its T22< within each uplink .2C data blocks until the contention resolution period is finished 'see Figure ).*)(. The T22< uniquel0 identifies an %& within one .A.

Figure ).*): Contention resolution at one7phase access. The uplink .2C data blocks, which contain the T22<, are coded using the T22< channel coding command, which is indicated in the assignment message. At the decoding of the first uplink .2C data block including a T22<, the network sends a #AC4+T #2<14 AC4/1AC4 with the T22< that

was recei8ed in the uplink .2C data block. At this time, the contention resolution is completed at network side. <f two mobiles had performed an access on the same .AC$ or #.AC$ occurrence and sent the same message, the contention resolution would fail for the mobile that recei8ed the #AC4+T #2<14 AC4/1AC4 message including its assigned TF< but with a T22< 8alue other than that which the %& included in the .2C header of the uplink data blocks. The contention resolution is completed at the mobile side when the mobile to which the T22< belongs recei8es the #AC4+T #2<14 AC4/1AC4 message. <t continues the uplink transfer without including the T22< in the uplink .2C data blocks and using the channel coding command for data block encoding. Contention .esolution at Two7#hase Access <n this case, the contention resolution is completed on the network side when it recei8es the #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message including the T22<. The contention resolution is completed at mobile side when it recei8es the second uplink assignment message with its T22< included. The contention resolution fails at %& side when it recei8es the second assignment message with a T22< 8alue other than that which the %& has included in the #AC4+T .+&5 .C+ .+3 +&T message. ).).9 "ownlink TBF +stablishment The establishment of a downlink TBF is performed on the CCC$ if there is no #BCC$ in the cell! otherwise, it is performed on #CCC$. <t can also be performed on #ACC$ during an uplink transfer. The B&& initiates the establishment of a downlink TBF when it recei8es a downlink 22C #" from the &-&1 that must be transmitted to a mobile, and this %& is not alread0 in downlink transfer. The transmission of an 22C #" from the &-&1 to the B&& is onl0 allowed when the mobile is located at cell le8el within the &-&1. <f this is not the case, the &-&1 must start a paging procedure from which it will reco8er this information 'see Chapter 3(. At the end of the paging procedure, the mobile is in -%% .+A"G state. ;hen the &-&1 transmits a downlink 22C #" that must be sent to the mobile, it indicates to the B&& the cell in which the mobile is located, the T22< identif0ing the mobile, the %& radio access capabilit0 parameters 'indicating the multislot class of the %&, the .F power capabilit0, and the supported frequenc0 bands( and the 3o& profile. These parameters are used b0 the B&& to address the mobile and deri8e the downlink allocation for the transfer of the 22C #" . ).).9.* "ownlink TBF +stablishment on CCC$ Figure ).*C describes an e:ample of downlink TBF establishment on CCC$ when the mobile is in packet idle mode.

Figure ).*C: "ownlink TBF establishment on CCC$. ;hen the network recei8es a downlink 22C #" to transmit to the mobile, it initiates the establishment of a downlink TBF b0 sending an <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message to the %& on CCC$. The <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message is sent on an0 block of the CCC$ if the mobile is in non7".= mode! otherwise, it is sent on one block corresponding to the paging group of the mobile. The <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message contains the following parameters:

TLLI. This indicates the identit0 of the mobile for which the message is intended. (o nlink TFI. This is the identifier of the downlink TBF. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. Packet channel description. This indicates the allocated T1, the T& code, and the frequenc0 parameters. RLC mode. This indicates whether the TBF is in .2C acknowledged mode or .2C unacknowledged mode. TA parameters. These include the TA inde: and the TA T1 if continuous TA is implemented b0 the network. The initial TA ma0 not be present, as the network has no information on it e:cept perhaps from a pre8ious TBF. ;ithin the <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message, the B&& is not able to allocate more than one time slot in downlink to the %& despite the fact that it knows the %& multislot class recei8ed from the &-&1. This is due to a limitation in the <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message siHe. <nitial TA #roblem <n most cases, no initial TA 8alue can be pro8ided to the mobile in the first assignment message. The mobile is not allowed to transmit before ha8ing recei8ed a correct TA 8alue. <f the continuous TA procedure is used, it ma0 take up to two seconds before the %& recei8es a usable TA 8alue and then is allowed to transfer in uplink. This could dela0 the TBF. <n order to accelerate the acquisition of the initial TA 8alue, the network can request the sending of a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message b0 setting the polling bit to * in the <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message. The mobile sends the #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message on the assigned #"C$, in the uplink block specified b0 the TBF starting time parameter. The TBF starting time indicates when the assigned #"C$ becomes 8alid for the downlink transfer. The #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message can be sent as either a normal .2C/%AC control block or as four consecuti8e identical ABs. The format of this message depends on the C51T.52>AC4>TG#+ parameter 8alue, broadcast on BCC$ or #BCC$. <f the C51T.52>AC4>TG#+ indicates AB t0pe, the mobile sends the four consecuti8e ABs with a TA of Hero. The BT& deduces the initial TA at the reception of these ABs. This estimation can be sent in a #AC4+T #5;+. C51T.52/T<%<1- A"?A1C+ message. The network will not use the combination polling plus C51T.52>AC4>TG#+ set to AB t0pe, as the mobile is not allowed to transmit without a 8alid TA 8alue. Figure ).*F describes this procedure.

Figure ).*F: "ownlink TBF establishment with initial TA computation. 1ote that another solution consists of sending a #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message rather than sending a #AC4+T #5;+. C51T.52/T<%<1- A"?A1C+ message. This message can be used to pro8ide both the initial TA and a #"C$ allocation that takes ad8antage of the %& multislot class.

).).9.9 "ownlink TBF +stablishment on #CCC$ Figure ).*6 describes an e:ample of downlink TBF establishment on #CCC$ when the mobile is in packet idle mode.

Figure ).*6: +:ample of downlink TBF establishment on #CCC$. ;hen the network recei8es a downlink 22C #" to transmit to the mobile, it initiates the establishment of a downlink TBF b0 sending a #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message to the %& on #CCC$. The #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message is sent on an0 block of the #CCC$ where paging ma0 appear if the mobile is in non7".= mode! otherwise, it is sent on one block corresponding to the paging group of the mobile. The #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message contains the following parameters: TLLI. This identifies the mobile for which the message is intended. (o nlink TFI. This is the identifier of the downlink TBF. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. !AC mode. This indicates the medium access method, which will be used if an uplink TBF is established during this downlink transfer. RLC mode. This indicates whether the TBF is in .2C acknowledged mode or .2C unacknowledged mode. Time slot allocation. This indicates the time slot assigned to the downlink allocation. Packet TA parameters) These include the TA inde: and the TA T1 if continuous TA is implemented b0 the network. The initial TA ma0 not be present because the network has no information on it e:cept perhaps from a pre8ious TBF. Frequenc# parameters. These gi8e the frequenc0 or the list of frequencies that are used on #"C$s. T"F starting time. <f present, this indicates the F1 in which the downlink TBF starts. The B&& polls the mobile within the #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message requesting the sending of a #AC4+T C51T.52 AC415;2+"-%+1T message in four ABs. The polling is performed b0 using the &/# and ..B# fields of the downlink control block %AC header. The BT& computes the initial TA that is indicated to the mobile b0 sending a #AC4+T #5;+. C51T.52/T<%<1- A"?A1C+ message on #ACC$. ).).9.3 "ownlink TBF +stablishment ;hen plink TBF <s Alread0 +stablished

;hene8er the B&& recei8es a downlink 22C #" to transmit to a mobile for which an uplink TBF is alread0 established, the B&& initiates the downlink TBF on the #ACC$ of the uplink TBF. The B&& can initiate the downlink TBF establishment b0 sending either a #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message or a #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message. The first allocates downlink resources without changing the uplink allocation. The second allows the network to change the uplink allocation if necessar0 and allocate downlink resources. Figure ).*I describes an e:ample of downlink TBF establishment when the mobile is in packet transfer mode.

Figure ).*I: #acket downlink establishment on the #ACC$. The B&& sends a #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message on the downlink #ACC$ in order to establish a downlink TBF. This message can be used to reassign uplink resources to the mobile. The #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message contains the following information: Uplink TFI. This is used to identif0 the uplink TBF! in this case, to address the mobile on the downlink #ACC$. (o nlink assign TFI. This is the assigned TF< for the downlink TBF. Channel coding command. This parameter indicates to the mobile which coding scheme 'C&7*, C&79, C&73, or C&7B( is to be used for uplink data transmission. Po er control parameters. These indicate the downlink power control mode and the uplink power control parameters. (o nlink time slot allocation. This is the #"C$ allocation for the downlink transfer. (o nlink RLC mode. This indicates either .2C acknowledged mode or .2C unacknowledged mode. Packet TA parameters. <ncludes the TA inde: and the TA T1 if continuous TA is implemented b0 the network, and optionall0 the initial TA. T"F starting time. This indicates in which F1 the resource reassignment takes place. Frequenc# parameters. These parameters are optionall0 gi8en if the network wants to change the frequenc0 configuration of the #"C$s. !edium access parameters. These describe the uplink access method, either fi:ed allocation or d0namic allocation or e:tended d0namic allocation. ).).9.B "ownlink TBF %odification The B&& initiates resource reassignment b0 sending a #AC4+T "5;12<14 A&&<-1%+1T message or a #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message on #ACC$. The #AC4+T T<%+&25T .+C51F<- .+ message is onl0 sent when there is both an uplink and downlink TBF established 'or the network wants to establish an uplink TBF during downlink transfer(. "uring this procedure, the network is not allowed to change the .2C mode or the TBF mode 'medium access method(. A change of .2C mode or TBF mode can onl0 occur after a release of the TBF. The resource reassignment takes effect in the F1 indicated b0 the TBF starting time of the assignment message. ).).3 %easurement .eport in #acket <dle %ode <n packet idle mode, as long as the mobile is in -%% .+A"G state and the cell reselection mode is 1C* or 1C9, the mobile regularl0 reports measurements to the network. The %+A& .+%+1T .+#5.T message fits in one radio block. As the importance of this message is not 8ital for the s0stem 'single messages can be lost(, it has been decided to transfer this message without TBF establishment and without acknowledgment of the message 'no .2C procedure is used(. <n order to transfer its measurements, the mobile simpl0 requests one uplink radio block occurrence from the network. ).).3.* %easurement .eport #rocedure on CCC$ ;hen the %& is in packet idle mode and it must send a #AC4+T %+A& .+%+1T .+#5.T message, it requests 8ia the C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message a single block packet access. pon receipt of the request, the network sends an <%%+"<AT+ A&&<-1%+1T message, assigning one

single uplink block to the mobile. The mobile sends a #AC4+T %+A& .+%+1T .+#5.T message in this occurrence. The information that is pro8ided to the mobile in the assignment message is the same as that in the first assignment message during the two7phase access on CCC$. Figure ).9A describes the measurement report procedure on CCC$.

Figure ).9A: %easurement report procedure on CCC$ in packet idle mode. ).).3.9 %easurement .eport #rocedure on #CCC$ 5n #CCC$, the mobile initiates the measurement report procedure b0 sending a #AC4+T C$A11+2 .+3 +&T message indicating Ksingle block without TBF establishmentK as the establishment cause. The B&& allocates one uplink block occurrence b0 sending a #AC4+T #2<14 A&&<-1%+1T message. The mobile transmits a #AC4+T %+A& .+%+1T .+#5.T message in the allocated uplink occurrence. Figure ).9* describes this procedure.

Figure ).9*: %easurement report procedure on #CCC$ in packet idle mode.