PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF MOBILE NETWORKS USING

COOPERATIVE MIMO TECHNIQUE

OUTLINE

Introduction MIMO system Cooperative MIMO Space Time Block Codes (STBC) System Model Proposed technique Expected results Conclusion Reference
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INTRODUCTION

Emerging wireless communication systems requires high data rates and better QoS (Quality of Service)

High data rates should be achieved with low transmit power Signal fading must be avoided to achieve better QoS Diversity schemes can combat effect of fading Spatial diversity techniques are more suited for mobile networks

MIMO SYSTEM

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system is the use of multiple antennas at both transmitters and receivers

Increase data throughput and link range Spatial diversity can be achieved Issues of MIMO implementation mobile networks
Size limitation Power limitation Hardware complexity Cost

Need for transmit diversity in mobile networks

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COOPERATIVE MIMO

Wireless nodes (or users) increase their effective QoS via cooperation Provide transmit diversity : Single antenna mobiles in a multi-user environment share their antennas to realize a virtual MIMO system

The system consists of source, relay and destination Each mobile is both a user and a relay System can be decomposed into Broadcast channel from the viewpoint of source Multiple access channel from the the viewpoint of destination
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COOPERATIVE MIMO ........cntd

Relaying protocols
i. Amplify and Forward (AF)
Just amplifies the received signal

ii.
-

Decode and Forward (DF)

Relay decodes and re-encodes the received signal

COOPERATIVE MIMO ........cntd

iii.
-

Coded cooperation
Send different portions of each users codeword via two independent fading paths

iv.

Space Time Block Coding (STBC) scheme

SPACE TIME BLOCK CODES (STBC)

Data stream to be transmitted is encoded in blocks, which are distributed among spaced antennas and across time

STBC is usually represented by a matrix Row - time slot Column - one antenna's transmissions over time

Sij - modulated symbol to be transmitted in time slot i from antenna j

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SPACE TIME BLOCK CODES (STBC)

T - time slots (block length) nT - transmit antennas nR - receive antennas

Alamouti s 2x2 STBC

Designed for two-transmit antenna system Coding matrix

SYSTEM MODEL

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SYSTEM MODEL

Source and Relay have only single antenna Destination node has two antennas Input : BPSK modulated random data Channels undergo:
a) Path loss Two ray propagation model

Pt , Pr Transmitting & Receiving power Gt , Gr Transmitting & Receiving antenna gain ht , hr Height of Transmitter & Receiver d Distance between transmitter and receiver

b) Slow fading Rayleigh distribution c) Noise AWGN noise

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE

Cooperative MIMO
Step 1 : Configure the relays by sending invitation message to all potential relays. Available relays will send confirmation message Step 2 : Pre-transmission process. Source transmits symbols to relay. Relay will reformat symbols (DF protocol) in the form of STBC coding Step 3 : Transmission process. Source and relay transmits coding symbols to destination

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE.. contd

Proposed STBC scheme

Overall data symbols occur within four symbol periods to perform one STBC block

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE.. contd

Third and fourth symbol periods are the STBC MIMO transmission Signals obtained at the first antenna of destination

T overall time h1 wireless channel from source to destination at first antenna h3 wireless channel from relay to destination at first antenna n1 , n2 complex AWGN including effect of interference at first antenna

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE.. contd

Signals obtained at the second antenna of destination

h2 wireless channel from source to destination at second antenna h4 wireless channel from relay to destination at second antenna n3 , n4 complex AWGN including effect of interference at second antenna

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PROPOSED TECHNIQUE.. contd

Estimated symbols from the first antenna

Similarly for the second antenna

Maximum likelihood decision

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EXPECTED RESULTS

Assumption : Estimated channels are perfect BER performance of proposed system compared with AF, DF methods

Lesser BER even at low SNR

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EXPECTED RESULTS

Channel capacity is evaluated for different positions of relays Channel capacity

As distance of relay increases, more transmit power needed to achieve higher channel capacity

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EXPECTED RESULTS

Channel capacity is evaluated for different number of cooperating relays

As number of relays increase, higher channel capacity can be achieved at lower transmit power

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CONCLUSION

Cooperative MIMO technique is proposed for mobile networks It uses STBC MIMO scheme and DF protocol It can achieve spatial diversity gain and combat fading Better BER performance Channel capacity can also be increased by choosing the number and position of relays

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REFERENCES

A. Sendonaris, E. Erkip and B. Aazhang, User Cooperation diversitypart I: system description, IEEE Trans. Comm., Vol. 51 no. 11, Nov. 2003, pp 19271938. Ho-Jung An, Jee-Hoon Kim and Hyoung-Kyu Song, Cooperative Transmission Scheme to Increase Gain by STBC, In Proceedings of Engineering Letters, 2007, pp.135-139.

S.M. Alamouti, A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications, IEEE J. Select. Areas. Commun., vol. 16, no. 8,pp.1451-1458, Oct. 1998.

Cooperative Communication in Wireless Networks J. N. Laneman, D. N. C. Tse, and G. W. Wornell, Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behaviour., IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, vol. 50, no. 12, Dec. 2004, pp. 3062-3080

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THANK YOU

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