MODULE 8

08.1. Physics of the Atmosphere.

Question Number. 1. The ISA. Option A. assumes a standard day. Option B. 18,000 ft. Option C. 8,000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. 18,000 ft. "#p$anation. %ust one of those fa ts you ha&e to $earn ' but it is (uoted in )ust about e&ery te#t boo* on CAA readin+ $ist. Question Number. ,. If +au+e pressure on a standard day at sea $e&e$ is -. /SI, the abso$ute pressure is. Option A. 01.2 /SI. Option B. 10.0 /SI. Option C. ,0.8 /SI. Corre t Ans!er is. 01.2 /SI. "#p$anation. Abso$ute pressure 3 +au+e pressure p$us atmospheri pressure. Atmospheri pressure at sea$$e&e$ 3 1,.2 /SI. Question Number. .. /ressure de reases. Option A. in&erse$y proportiona$ to temperature. Option B. proportiona$$y !ith a de reases in temperature. Option C. /ressure and temperature are not re$ated. Corre t Ans!er is. proportiona$$y !ith a de reases in temperature. "#p$anation. Temperature and &o$ume are dire t$y proportiona$ ' Char$es4 5a!. Question Number. 6. As air +ets o$der, the ser&i e ei$in+ of an air raft. Option A. redu es. Option B. in reases. Option C. remains the same. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases. "#p$anation. As air +ets o$der it +ets denser. 5ift in reases 7remember the $ift e(uation has density8 and the en+ines produ e more thrust ' so it an $imb hi+her.

Question Number. 2. 9hat is sea $e&e$ pressure:. Option A. 101-.0 mb. Option B. 1010.- mb. Option C. 100-.- mb. Corre t Ans!er is. 1010.- mb. "#p$anation. 5earn the ISA sea $e&e$ (uantities, in a$$ units. Question Number. 8. ;o! does IAS at the point of sta$$ &ary !ith hei+ht:. Option A. It de reases. Option B. It is pra ti a$$y onstant. Option C. It in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. It is pra ti a$$y onstant. "#p$anation. The sta$$in+ IAS at a$titude is pra ti a$$y the same as it is at sea $e&e$. That4s be ause IAS is not orre ted for density. Question Number. 1. 9hat is the $apse rate !ith re+ard to temperature:. Option A. ,<C per 1000 ft. Option B. 1.18<C per 1000 ft. Option C. 1.18<= per 1000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. 1.18<C per 1000 ft. "#p$anation. The $apse rate is appro#imate$y -<C per 1000 feet 7in the troposphere8. Question Number. 10. Standard sea $e&e$ temperature is. Option A. -0 de+rees Ce$sius. Option B. 0 de+rees Ce$sius. Option C. 1. de+rees Ce$sius. Corre t Ans!er is. 1. de+rees Ce$sius. "#p$anation. 1. de+rees C is standard sea $e&e$ temperature>. Question Number. 11. As a$titude in reases, pressure. Option A. de reases e#ponentia$$y. Option B. de reases at onstant rate. Option C. in reases e#ponentia$$y. Corre t Ans!er is. de reases e#ponentia$$y. "#p$anation. As a$titude in reases, pressure de reases e#ponentia$$y. Sin e pressure is +i&en by density ? +ra&ity ? hei+ht, both density and hei+ht de reases 7that is, hei+ht abo&e the point you measurin+8 so the de rease in pressure is e#ponentia$. Question Number. 1-. 5apse rate usua$$y refers to. Option A. @ensity. Option B. /ressure. Option C. Temperature. Corre t Ans!er is. Temperature. "#p$anation. Temperature $apse rate is onstant up to 06000ft '-de+rees per 1000ft. Question Number. 10. Temperature abo&e 06,000 feet !i$$. Option A. in rease e#ponentia$$y. Option B. de rease e#ponentia$$y. Option C. remain onstant. Corre t Ans!er is. remain onstant. "#p$anation. Temperature $apse rate up to 06,000 feet 7the tropopause8 is appro#imate$y - de+rees enti+rade per 1000 feet. Abo&e the tropopause it is onstant.

Question Number. 1,. 9ith in reasin+ a$titude pressure de reases and. Option A. temperature de reases at the same rate as pressure redu es. Option B. temperature de reases but at a $o!er rate than pressure redu es. Option C. temperature remains onstant to 8000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. temperature de reases but at a $o!er rate than pressure redu es. "#p$anation. See a +raph of pressure a+ainst a$titude and temperature a+ainst a$titude. /ressure de reases faster than temperature therefore pressure has a +reater effe t upon the performan e of the air raft. Question Number. 1.. 9hat is the temperature in omparison to ISA onditions at 00,000ft:. Option A. '60<C. Option B. 0<C. Option C. ',.<C. Corre t Ans!er is. ',.<C. "#p$anation. ISA 3 1.<C temperature $apse rate is -<C per 1000ft. Therefore 00000 3 ' 60 A 1. 3 ,.. Question Number. 16. At !hat a$titude is the tropopause:. Option A. 06,000 ft. Option B. .2,000 ft. Option C. 60,000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. 06,000 ft. "#p$anation. The tropopause is 06,000 ft. Abo&e the tropopause is the stratosphere. Question Number. 12. 9hat appro#imate per enta+e of o#y+en is in the atmosphere:. Option A. 1-B. Option B. -1B. Option C. 28B. Corre t Ans!er is. -1B. "#p$anation. -1B o#y+en, 28B nitro+en, 1B other +ases. Question Number. 18. 9hi h has the +reater density:. Option A. Air at $o! a$titude. Option B. Air at hi+h a$titude. Option C. It remains onstant. Corre t Ans!er is. Air at $o! a$titude. "#p$anation. Air density redu es !ith a$titude. Question Number. 11. At !hat a$titude does stratosphere ommen e appro#imate$y:. Option A. Sea $e&e$. Option B. 06,000 ft. Option C. 60,000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. 06,000 ft. "#p$anation. The stratosphere is abo&e 06,000 ft. Question Number. -0. A pressure of one atmosphere is e(ua$ to. Option A. 1,.2 psi. Option B. 1 in h ;+. Option C. 100 mi$$ibar. Corre t Ans!er is. 1,.2 psi. "#p$anation. One atmosphere is 1,.2 psi.

Question Number. -1. The mi$$ibar is a unit of. Option A. atmospheri temperature. Option B. pressure a$titude. Option C. barometri pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. barometri pressure. "#p$anation. Barometri pressure is measured in mi$$ibar. Question Number. --. 9ith an in rease in a$titude under I.S.A. onditions the temperature in the troposphere. Option A. remains onstant. Option B. de reases. Option C. in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. de reases. "#p$anation. Temperature redu es at a $apse rate of 1.18 de+rees e$sius per thousand feet from sea $e&e$ to about 06000ft 7the tropopause8. Question Number. -0. A barometer indi ates. Option A. pressure. Option B. density. Option C. temperature. Corre t Ans!er is. pressure. "#p$anation. A barometer indi ates pressure. Question Number. -,. The amount of !ater &apour apa ity in the air 7humidity ho$din+ apa ity of the air8 is. Option A. +reater on a o$der day, and $o!er on a hotter day. Option B. doesn4t ha&e a si+nifi ant differen e. Option C. +reater on a hotter day and $o!er on a o$der day. Corre t Ans!er is. +reater on a hotter day and $o!er on a o$der day. "#p$anation. The amount of !ater &apour apa ity in the air is +reater on a hotter day. Question Number. -.. 9hi h ondition is the a tua$ amount of !ater &apour in a mi#ture of air and !ater:. Option A. Ce$ati&e humidity. Option B. Abso$ute humidity. Option C. @e! point. Corre t Ans!er is. Abso$ute humidity. "#p$anation. Abso$ute humidity is the 4a tua$4 amount of !ater in a mi#ture of air and !ater. Question Number. -6. 9hi h !i$$ !ei+h the $east:. Option A. 18 parts of dry air and - parts of !ater &apour. Option B. .0 parts of dry air and .0 parts of !ater &apour. Option C. 0. parts of dry air and 6. parts of !ater &apour. Corre t Ans!er is. 0. parts of dry air and 6. parts of !ater &apour. "#p$anation. 9ater &apour is 6-B the !ei+ht of dry air. Question Number. -2. 9hi h is the ratio of the !ater &apour a tua$$y present in the atmosphere to the amount that !ou$d be present if the air !ere saturated at the pre&ai$in+ temperature and pressure:. Option A. Abso$ute humidity. Option B. @e! point. Option C. Ce$ati&e humidity. Corre t Ans!er is. Ce$ati&e humidity. "#p$anation. Ce$ati&e humidity is the ratio of the !ater &apour a tua$$y present to the !ater &apour that the air !ou$d ho$d if it !ere saturated.

Question Number. -8. The speed of sound in the atmosphere. Option A. han+es !ith a han+e in pressure. Option B. &aries a ordin+ to the fre(uen y of the sound. Option C. han+es !ith a han+e in temperature. Corre t Ans!er is. han+es !ith a han+e in temperature. "#p$anation. Speed of sound is affe ted by air temperature on$y. Question Number. -1. 9hat is sea $e&e$ pressure:. Option A. 100-.- mb. Option B. 101-.0 mb. Option C. 1010.- mb. Corre t Ans!er is. 1010.- mb. "#p$anation. Sea $e&e$ pressure is 1010.- mb. Question Number. 00. 9hi h statement on ernin+ heat andDor temperature is true:. Option A. Temperature is a measure of the *ineti ener+y of the mo$e u$es of any substan e. Option B. Temperature is a measure of the potentia$ ener+y of the mo$e u$es of any substan e. Option C. There is an in&erse re$ationship bet!een temperature and heat. Corre t Ans!er is. Temperature is a measure of the *ineti ener+y of the mo$e u$es of any substan e. "#p$anation. Temperature is a measure of the *ineti ener+y of the mo$e u$es of a substan e. ;eat is a form of ener+y e# han+e. Question Number. 01. 9hat is abso$ute humidity:. Option A. The temperature to !hi h humid air must be oo$ed at onstant pressure to be ome saturated. Option B. The a tua$ amount of the !ater &apour in a mi#ture of air and !ater. Option C. The ratio of the !ater &apour a tua$$y present in the atmosphere to the amount that !ou$d be present if the air !ere saturated at the pre&ai$in+ temperature and pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. C "#p$anation. Abso$ute ;umidity is the a tua$ amount of !ater &apor in a $iter of +as. Question Number. 0-. The temperature to !hi h humid air must be oo$ed at onstant pressure to be ome saturated is a$$ed. Option A. re$ati&e humidity. Option B. de! point. Option C. abso$ute humidity. Corre t Ans!er is. de! point. "#p$anation. The temperature to !hi h humid air must be oo$ed to be ome saturated is a$$ed the 4due point4. Question Number. 00. @ensity han+es !ith a$titude at a rate. Option A. of -*+Dm0 per 1000 ft. Option B. !hi h han+es !ith a$titude. Option C. !hi h is onstant unti$ 11 *m. Corre t Ans!er is. !hi h han+es !ith a$titude. "#p$anation. The rate of han+e of density is not onstant ' it diminishes !ith a$titude. So no sin+$e fi+ure for $apse rate an be (uoted.

Question Number. 0,. Abo&e 6.,800 ft temperature. Option A. de reases by 1.18<C up to 11.,000 ft.

Option B. remains onstant up to 11.,000 ft. Option C. in reases by 0.000<C up to 11.,000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases by 0.000<C up to 11.,000 ft. "#p$anation. 6.,800ft is the upper stratosphere boundary. Temperature in reases !ith a$titude in the stratosphere. Question Number. 0.. At sea $e&e$, ISA atmospheri pressure is. Option A. 1,.2 */a. Option B. 10 Bar. Option C. 1,.2 /SI. Corre t Ans!er is. 1,.2 /SI. "#p$anation. An a$ternati&e to 1010.-mb. Question Number. 06. On a &ery hot day !ith ambient temperature hi+her than ISA, the pressure a$titude is -0,000 ft. ;o! mu h !i$$ the density a$titude be:. Option A. the same. Option B. +reater than -0,000ft. Option C. $ess than -0,000ft. Corre t Ans!er is. +reater than -0,000ft. "#p$anation. E@ensity A$titude is pressure a$titude orre ted for temperature and humidity. Assumin+ onstant humidity 7!e are to$d no different8 ISA or abo&e temperature !i$$ further thin the air for a +i&en pressure a$titude thus ma*in+ the density a$titude hi+her. Note F At ISA Temp density and pressure a$titude !i$$ be the same and for $ess than ISA density a$titude !i$$ be $ess' Got a$$ that>>. Question Number.02. The atmospheri Hone !here the temperature remains fair$y onstant is a$$ed the. Option A. Stratosphere. Option B. Ionosphere. Option C. Troposphere. Corre t Ans!er is. Stratosphere. "#p$anation. The stratosphere starts at 06,000ft and rises to about 66,000ft. Question Number. 08. In the ISA the hei+ht of the tropopause is. Option A. 11,000 feet. Option B. 11,000 metres. Option C. 06,000 metres. Corre t Ans!er is. 11,000 metres. "#p$anation. 11,000 metres or 06,000 feet appro#imate$y. Question Number. 01. In the ISA the sea $e&e$ pressure is ta*en to be. Option A. 1, /SI. Option B. 1010.- mb. Option C. 1.010 mb. Corre t Ans!er is. 1010.- mb. "#p$anation. 1010.- mi$$ibars. Question Number. ,0. In the ISA the temperature $apse rate !ith a$titude is ta*en to be F . Option A. dependent on pressure and density han+es. Option B. $inear. Option C. non $inear. Corre t Ans!er is. $inear. Question Number. ,1. /ut in se(uen e from the +round up. Option A. tropopause, stratosphere, troposphere.

Option B. tropopause, troposphere, stratosphere. Option C. troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere. Corre t Ans!er is. troposphere, tropopause, stratosphere. Question Number. ,-. The Internationa$ Standard Atmosphere an be des ribed as. Option A. the atmosphere at ,. de+rees north $atitude. Option B. the atmosphere at the e(uator !ith ertain onditions. Option C. the atmosphere !hi h an be used 9or$d!ide to pro&ide omparab$e performan e resu$ts. Corre t Ans!er is. the atmosphere !hi h an be used 9or$d!ide to pro&ide omparab$e performan e resu$ts. Question Number. ,0. The temperature $apse rate be$o! the tropopause is. Option A. 1<C per 1000 ft. Option B. -<C per 1000 ft. Option C. 0<C per 1000 ft. Corre t Ans!er is. -<C per 1000 ft. "#p$anation. 1.18<C per 1000 ft to be e#a t. Question Number. ,,. Abo&e the tropopause air pressure. Option A. de reases at a onstant rate. Option B. de reases e#ponentia$$y. Option C. in reases e#ponentia$$y. Corre t Ans!er is. de reases e#ponentia$$y. "#p$anation. Air pressure ontinues to de rease e#ponentia$$y in the stratosphere. Question Number. ,.. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ is orre t:. Option A. Abso$ute pressure A Atmospheri pressure 3 Gau+e pressure. Option B. Abso$ute pressure 3 Gau+e pressure A Atmospheri pressure. Option C. Atmospheri pressure 3 Abso$ute pressure A Gau+e pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. Abso$ute pressure 3 Gau+e pressure A Atmospheri pressure. "#p$anation. Abso$ute pressure 3 Gau+e pressure A Atmospheri pressure. Question Number. ,6. As the a$titude in reases !hat happens of the ratio of Nitro+en to O#y+en:. Option A. In reases. Option B. @e reases. Option C. Stays the same. Corre t Ans!er is. Stays the same. Question Number. ,2. 9hat happens to the density of air as a$titude is in reased:. Option A. @e reases. Option B. Stays the same. Option C. In reases. Corre t Ans!er is. @e reases.

08.2. Aerodynamics .
Question Number. 1. An air raft is tra&e$$in+ at a speed of 2-0 nauti a$ mi$es per hour. To a$ u$ate speed in I/; you. Option A. di&ide by 0.80. Option B. mu$tipy by 0.80. Option C. mu$tip$y by 1.1.. Corre t Ans!er is. mu$tip$y by 1.1.. "#p$anation. 1nmph 3 1.1.mph 1mph 3 0.80nmph. Question Number. -. 5ift on a de$ta !in+ air raft. Option A. in reases !ith an in reased an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of atta *8. Option B. does not han+e !ith a han+e in an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of atta *8. Option C. de reases !ith an in rease in an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of atta *8. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases !ith an in reased an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of atta *8. OC does not han+e !ith a han+e in an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of. "#p$anation. This (uestion is mu h easier than it $oo*s at first read. A$$ !in+ types 7strai+ht, s!ept, de$ta et .8 in rease $ift !ith an in rease in an+$e of atta * 7up to the sta$$ an+$e8. Question Number. 0. The Cof/ is the point !here. Option A. the $ift an be said to a t. Option B. the three a#is of rotation meet. Option C. a$$ the for es on an air raft a t. Corre t Ans!er is. the $ift an be said to a t. Question Number. ,. 9hen an air raft e#perien es indu ed dra+. Option A. air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip. Option B. Neither a8 or b8 sin e indu ed dra+ does not aused by span !ise f$o!. Option C. air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root. Corre t Ans!er is. air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root. OC Neither a8 or b8 sin e indu ed dra+ does not aused by. "#p$anation. The hi+h pressure under the !in+ f$o!s around the tip to the $o! pressure on top of the !in+. The resu$tin+ &orte# is !hat auses indu ed dra+. Sin e air is &is ous it dra+s the air underneath the !in+ to!ards the tip, and pushes the air on top of the !in+ to!ards the root. Question Number. .. At sta$$, the !in+tip sta+nation point. Option A. doesnJt mo&e. Option B. mo&es to!ard the $o!er surfa e of the !in+. Option C. mo&es to!ard the upper surfa e of the !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. mo&es to!ard the $o!er surfa e of the !in+. "#p$anation. At sta$$ the an+$e of atta * is hi+h 7a$$ a$on+ the !in+8 and the sta+nation point mo&es to!ards the $o!er surfa e of the !in+. Question Number. 6. The ri++in+ an+$e of in iden e of an e$e&ator is. Option A. the an+$e bet!een the bottom surfa e of the e$e&ator and the $on+itudina$ datum. Option B. the an+$e bet!een the bottom surfa e of the e$e&ator and the horiHonta$ in the ri++in+ position. Option C. the an+$e bet!een the mean hord $ine and the horiHonta$ in the ri++in+ position. Corre t Ans!er is. the an+$e bet!een the mean hord $ine and the horiHonta$ in the ri++in+ position. "#p$anation. The an+$e of in iden e of any surfa e is measured from the mean hord $ine. Question Number. 2. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ is true:.

Option A. 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e airf$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. Option B. 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the !in+ hord $ine and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. Option C. 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e air f$o! and !ei+ht a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the air raft entre $ine. Corre t Ans!er is. 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e airf$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. "#p$anation. 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e airf$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. Question Number. 8. The &erti a$ fin of a sin+$e en+ined air raft is. Option A. para$$e$ !ith the $on+itudina$ a#is but not the &erti a$ a#is. Option B. para$$e$ !ith both the $on+itudina$ a#is and &erti a$ a#is. Option C. para$$e$ !ith the &erti a$ a#is but not the $on+itudina$ a#is. Corre t Ans!er is. para$$e$ !ith both the $on+itudina$ a#is and &erti a$ a#is. OC para$$e$ !ith the &erti a$ a#is but not the $on+itudina$ a#is. "#p$anation. Sin+$e en+ined air raft fin is offset to $eft to ounter tor(ue...i.e. hord of fin is at an an+$e to $on+itudina$ a#is. Question Number. 1. E9hat happens to air f$o!in+ at the speed of sound !hen it enters a on&er+in+ du t:.E Option A. Ke$o ity in reases, pressure and density de reases. Option B. Ke$o ity, pressure and density in rease. Option C. Ke$o ity de reases, pressure and density in rease. Corre t Ans!er is. Ke$o ity de reases, pressure and density in rease. "#p$anation. Subsoni air in in ompressib$e, so density does not han+e. But this is soni speed, and e&erythin+ 7/ and K8 han+e opposite to !hat they !ou$d if it !ere subsoni air. @ensity in reases, as does pressure, and &e$o ity de reases. See Ie hani s of =$i+ht by AC Lermode. Question Number. 10. As the an+$e of atta * of an airfoi$ in reases the entre of pressure. Option A. remains stationary. Option B. mo&es aft. Option C. mo&es for!ard. Corre t Ans!er is. mo&es for!ard. "#p$anation. As the an+$e of atta * of the aerofoi$ in reases, the entre of pressure mo&es for!ard. Question Number. 11. Kapour trai$s from the !in+tips of an air raft in f$i+ht are aused by. Option A. $o! pressure abo&e the !in+ and hi+h pressure be$o! the !in+ ausin+ &orti es. Option B. $o! pressure abo&e the !in+ and hi+h pressure be$o! the !in+ ausin+ a temperature rise. Option C. hi+h pressure abo&e the !in+ and $o! pressure be$o! the !in+ ausin+ &orti es. Corre t Ans!er is. $o! pressure abo&e the !in+ and hi+h pressure be$o! the !in+ ausin+ &orti es. "#p$anation. Kapour trai$s are aused by !in+ tip &orti es !hi h are aused by $o! pressure abo&e the !in+ and hi+h pressure be$o! the !in+. Question Number. 1-. The hord $ine of a !in+ is a $ine that runs from. Option A. the entre of the $eadin+ ed+e of the !in+ to the trai$in+ ed+e. Option B. ha$f !ay bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa e of the !in+. Option C. one !in+ tip to the other !in+ tip. Corre t Ans!er is. the entre of the $eadin+ ed+e of the !in+ to the trai$in+ ed+e. "#p$anation. The hord $ine is a STCAIG;T $ine !hi h +oes from the $eadin+ ed+e of the !in+ to the trai$in+.

Question Number. 10. The an+$e of in iden e of a !in+ is an an+$e formed by $ines. Option A. para$$e$ to the hord $ine and $on+itudina$ a#is.

Option B. para$$e$ to the hord $ine and the &erti a$ a#is. Option C. para$$e$ to the hord $ine and the $atera$ a#is. Corre t Ans!er is. para$$e$ to the hord $ine and $on+itudina$ a#is. "#p$anation. The an+$e of in iden e is the an+$e bet!een the hord $ine and the $on+itudina$ a#is. Question Number. 1,. The entre of pressure of an aerofoi$ is $o ated. Option A. 00 ' ,0B of the hord $ine for!ard of the $eadin+ ed+e. Option B. .0B of the hord $ine ba * from the $eadin+ ed+e. Option C. 00 ' ,0B of the hord $ine ba * from the $eadin+ ed+e. Corre t Ans!er is. 00 ' ,0B of the hord $ine ba * from the $eadin+ ed+e. "#p$anation. The entre of pressure is positioned rou+h$y 00 ' ,0 B of the hord $ine BACL from the $eadin+ ed+e. Question Number. 1.. Compressibi$ity effe t is. Option A. dra+ asso iated !ith the form of an air raft. Option B. the in rease in tota$ dra+ of an aerofoi$ in transoni f$i+ht due to the formation of sho * !a&es. Option C. dra+ asso iated !ith the fri tion of the air o&er the surfa e of the air raft. Corre t Ans!er is. the in rease in tota$ dra+ of an aerofoi$ in transoni f$i+ht due to the formation of sho * !a&es. "#p$anation. Compressibi$ity effe t is asso iated !ith an in rease in dra+ durin+ the transoni f$i+ht sta+e. Question Number. 16. A hi+h aspe t ratio !in+ !i$$ +i&e. Option A. hi+h profi$e and $o! indu ed dra+. Option B. $o! profi$e and hi+h indu ed dra+. Option C. $o! profi$e and $o! indu ed dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. hi+h profi$e and $o! indu ed dra+. "#p$anation. A hi+h aspe t ratio has a $o!er indu ed dra+ 7due to $ess !in+ tip effe t8 and a hi+her fronta$ area therefore +reater profi$e dra+. Question Number. 12. Aerofoi$ effi ien y is defined by. Option A. $ift o&er dra+. Option B. $ift o&er !ei+ht. Option C. dra+ o&er $ift. Corre t Ans!er is. $ift o&er dra+. "#p$anation. At p$us ,de+rees AOA the $ift !ei+ht ratio is +reatest. This is the optimum AOA therefore the !in+ is at its most effi ient !hen $ift is +reatest and dra+ is at a minimum. Question Number. 18. The re$ationship bet!een indu ed dra+ and airspeed is, indu ed dra+ is. Option A. dire t$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of the speed. Option B. dire t$y proportiona$ to speed. Option C. in&erse$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of the speed. Corre t Ans!er is. in&erse$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of the speed. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ de reases proportiona$$y !ith the s(uare of the speed. Question Number. 11. 9hat is the definition of An+$e of In iden e:. Option A. The an+$e the underside of the mainp$ane or tai$p$ane ma*es !ith the horiHonta$. Option B. The an+$e the underside of the mainp$ane or tai$p$ane ma*es !ith the $on+itudina$ datum $ine. Option C. The an+$e the hord of the mainp$ane or tai$p$ane ma*es !ith the horiHonta$. Corre t Ans!er is. The an+$e the hord of the mainp$ane or tai$p$ane ma*es !ith the horiHonta$. "#p$anation. An+$e of in iden e is the 4!in+ settin+ an+$e4. That is the an+$e of the hord of the mainp$ane or tai$p$ane !ith the horiHonta$ ' or air raft entre $ine !hen in the ri++in+ position.

Question Number. -0. 9hat is Boundary 5ayer:. Option A. Separated $ayer of air formin+ a boundary at the $eadin+ ed+e. Option B. S$u++ish $o! ener+y air that sti *s to the !in+ surfa e and +radua$$y +ets faster unti$ it )oins the free stream f$o! of air. Option C. Turbu$ent air mo&in+ from the $eadin+ ed+e to trai$in+ ed+e. Corre t Ans!er is. S$u++ish $o! ener+y air that sti *s to the !in+ surfa e and +radua$$y +ets faster unti$ it )oins the free stream f$o! of air. "#p$anation. The boundary $ayer is the $ayer of air immediate$y in onta t !ith the air raft s*in !hi h is s$o!ed do!n by the s*in fri tion. Question Number. -1. E9hat is the o$$e ti&e term for the fin and rudder and other surfa es aft of the entre of +ra&ity that he$ps dire tiona$ stabi$ity:.E Option A. "mpenna+e. Option B. =use$a+e surfa es. Option C. "ffe ti&e *ee$ surfa e. Corre t Ans!er is. "ffe ti&e *ee$ surfa e. "#p$anation. A$$ the side surfa es aft of the entre of +ra&ity !hi h aid the dire tiona$ stabi$ity are o$$e ti&e$y a$$ed the "=="CTIK" L""5 SMC=AC". Question Number. --. EA de rease in in iden e to!ard the !in+ tip may be pro&ided to.E Option A. pre&ent ad&erse ya! in a turn. Option B. retain $atera$ ontro$ effe ti&eness at hi+h an+$es of atta *. Option C. pre&ent span !ise f$o! in maneu&ers. Corre t Ans!er is. retain $atera$ ontro$ effe ti&eness at hi+h an+$es of atta *. "#p$anation. A de rease in in iden e to!ards the !in+tip 7*no!n as !ashout8 auses the !in+ root to sta$$ before the !in+ tip. So, e&en after the !in+ roots ha&e sta$$ed, the !in+ tips are sti$$ f$yin+ and fu$$ ai$eron ontro$ is pro&ided. Question Number. -0. =or a +i&en aerofoi$ produ tion $ift, !here/ 3 pressure and K 3 &e$o ity. Option A. /1 is +reater than /-, and K1 is $ess than K-. Option B. /1 is +reater than /-, and K1 is +reater than K-. Option C. /1 is $ess than /- and K1 is +reater than K-. Corre t Ans!er is. /1 is +reater than /-, and K1 is $ess than K-. "#p$anation. Bernou$$i4s prin ip$e app$ies. Question Number. -,. 5o! !in+ $oadin+. Option A. in reases sta$$in+ speed, $andin+ speed and $andin+ run. Option B. in reases $ift, sta$$in+ speed and maneu&erabi$ity. Option C. de reases sta$$in+ speed, $andin+ speed and $andin+ run. Corre t Ans!er is. de reases sta$$in+ speed, $andin+ speed and $andin+ run. "#p$anation. 9in+ $oadin+ is air raft !ei+ht di&ided by !in+ area, therefore an air raft !ith a $o! !in+ $oadin+ !i$$ re(uire $ess $andin+ speed, $ess $andin+ run and ha&e a de reased sta$$in+ speed. Question Number. -.. As a +enera$ ru$e, if the aerodynami an+$e of in iden e 7an+$e of atta *8 of an aerofoi$ is s$i+ht$y in reased, the entre of pressure !i$$. Option A. mo&e to!ards the tip. Option B. mo&e for!ard to!ards the $eadin+ ed+e. Option C. ne&er mo&e. Corre t Ans!er is. mo&e for!ard to!ards the $eadin+ ed+e. "#p$anation. As the an+$e of atta * in reases the entre of pressure mo&es to!ards the $eadin+ ed+e. Question Number. -6. The 4!in+ settin+ an+$e4 is ommon$y *no!n as.

Option A. an+$e of dihedra$. Option B. an+$e of in iden e. Option C. an+$e of atta *. Corre t Ans!er is. an+$e of in iden e. "#p$anation. The !in+ settin+ an+$e is ommon$y *no!n as the 4an+$e of in iden e4. Question Number. -2. 9hen does the an+$e of in iden e han+e:. Option A. It ne&er han+es. Option B. 9hen the air raft attitude han+es. Option C. 9hen the air raft is as endin+ or des endin+. Corre t Ans!er is. It ne&er han+es. "#p$anation. The an+$e of in iden e is the an+$e at !hi h the !in+ is 4set4 into the fuse$a+e. It ne&er han+es. Question Number. -8. As the an+$e of atta * de reases, !hat happens to the entre of pressure:. Option A. It mo&es rear!ards. Option B. Centre of pressure is not affe ted by an+$e of atta * de rease. Option C. It mo&es for!ard. Corre t Ans!er is. It mo&es rear!ards. "#p$anation. The entre of pressure mo&es =OC9AC@S !ith an INCC"AS" in an+$e of atta *. Therefore it mo&es C"AC9AC@S !ith a @"CC"AS" in an+$e of atta *. Question Number -1. A de rease in pressure o&er the upper surfa e of a !in+ or aerofoi$ is responsib$e for. Option A. appro#imate$y -D0 7t!o thirds8 of the $ift obtained. Option B. appro#imate$y 1D- 7one ha$f8 of the $ift obtained. Option C. appro#imate$y 1D0 7one third8 of the $ift obtained. Corre t Ans!er is. appro#imate$y -D0 7t!o thirds8 of the $ift obtained. "#p$anation. 5oo* at a dia+ram of the $ift distributions on the top and bottom surfa es of a !in+. -D0rds of the $ift is pro&ided by the top surfa e. Question Number. 00. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ types of dra+ in reases as the air raft +ains a$titude:. Option A. Interferen e dra+. Option B. /arasite dra+. Option C. Indu ed dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. Indu ed dra+. "#p$anation. As density de reases !ith a$titude, the $ift must be ompensated by in reasin+ an+$e of atta *. Indu ed dra+ in reases !ith an+$e of atta *, therefore indu ed dra+ in reases !ith a$titude. Question Number. 01. The $ayer of air o&er the surfa e of an aerofoi$ !hi h is s$o!er mo&in+, in re$ation to the rest of the airf$o!, is *no!n as. Option A. none of the abo&e. Option B. amber $ayer. Option C. boundary $ayer. Corre t Ans!er is. boundary $ayer. "#p$anation. The boundary $ayer is the $ayer of air in immediate onta t !ith the s*in of the air raft !hi h is s$o!ed do!n by s*in fri tion.

Question Number. 0-. 9hat is a ontro$$in+ fa tor of turbu$en e and s*in fri tion:. Option A. Countersun* ri&ets used on s*in e#terior. Option B. Aspe t ratio.

Option C. =ineness ratio. Corre t Ans!er is. Countersun* ri&ets used on s*in e#terior. "#p$anation. Countersun* ri&ets in rease s*in fri tion and turbu$en e. Question Number. 00. If the C of G is aft of the Centre of /ressure. Option A. !hen the air raft ya!s the aerodynami for es a tin+ for!ard of the Centre of /ressure. Option B. han+es in $ift produ e a pit hin+ moment !hi h a ts to in rease the han+e in $ift. Option C. !hen the air raft sides$ips, the C of G auses the nose to turn into the sides$ip thus app$yin+ a restorin+ moment. Corre t Ans!er is. han+es in $ift produ e a pit hin+ moment !hi h a ts to in rease the han+e in $ift. "#p$anation. If the C of G is aft of the entre of pressure 7not norma$, but possib$e8, an in rease in $ift !i$$ pit h the air raft nose'up, !hi h !i$$ in rease the $ift e&en further et . et . Question Number. 0,. The upper part of the !in+ in omparison to the $o!er. Option A. de&e$ops $ess $ift. Option B. de&e$ops the same $ift. Option C. de&e$ops more $ift. Corre t Ans!er is. de&e$ops more $ift. "#p$anation. 5oo* at the $ift distribution dia+ram of an aerofoi$ and see ho! appro#imate$y -D0rds of the $ift is deri&ed from the top surfa e. Question Number. 0.. 9hat effe t !ou$d a for!ard CG ha&e on an air raft on $andin+:. Option A. In rease sta$$in+ speed. Option B. Cedu e sta$$in+ speed. Option C. No effe t on $andin+. Corre t Ans!er is. In rease sta$$in+ speed. "#p$anation. A for!ard CG !ou$d re(uire the tai$ of the air raft to e#ert more do!n$oad to *eep the nose $e&e$. This !i$$ in rease the !in+ $oadin+ and thus the air raft !ou$d sta$$ at a hi+her speed. Question Number. 06. QN; refers to. Option A. (uite near horiHon. Option B. settin+ the a$timeter to Hero. Option C. settin+ the mean sea $e&e$ atmospheri pressure so an a$timeter reads the aerodrome a$titude abo&e mean sea $e&e$. Corre t Ans!er is. a$timeter reads the aerodrome a$titude abo&e mean sea $e&e$. "#p$anation. Q4 is the mathemati a$ symbo$ for pressure. 4N;4 stands for Nauti a$ ;ei+ht. QN; refers to the settin+ of a tua$ sea $e&e$ atmospheri pressure so the a$timeter indi ates the a tua$ a$titude abo&e sea $e&e$ of the non'standard day. Question Number. 02. QN" refers to. Option A. settin+ the mean sea $e&e$ atmospheri pressure in a ordan e !ith ICAO standard atmosphere i.e. 1010 mi$$ibars. Option B. Settin+ an a$timeter to read aerodrome a$titude abo&e sea $e&e$. Option C. (uite ne! e(uipment. Corre t Ans!er is. settin+ the mean sea $e&e$ atmospheri pressure in a ordan e !ith ICAO standard atmosphere i.e. 1010 mi$$ibars. "#p$anation. Q4 is the mathemati a$ symbo$ for pressure. 4N"4 stands for Nauti a$ "$e&ation. QN" refers to the settin+ of the standard sea $e&e$ atmospheri pressure 7i.e. 1010mb8 so the a$timeter indi ates the e$e&ation abo&e mean sea $e&e$. 7A$thou+h it is not the 4true4 e$e&ation, if it is not a standard day8. Question Number. 08. An aspe t ratio of 8 F 1 !ou$d mean. Option A. span 6,, mean hord 8. Option B. mean hord 6,, span 8. Option C. span s(uared 6,, hord 8.

Corre t Ans!er is. span 6,, mean hord 8. "#p$anation. Aspe t Catio is the ratio of the span to the hord. Question Number. 01. Q=" is. Option A. airfie$d pressure. Option B. differen e bet!een sea $e&e$ and airfie$d pressure. Option C. sea $e&e$ pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. airfie$d pressure. "#p$anation. Q4 is the mathemati a$ symbo$ for pressure. 4="4 stands for =ie$d "$e&ation. Q=" refers to settin+ airfie$d pressure so the a$timeter indi ates Hero on the run!ay. Question Number. ,0. =or any +i&en speed, a de rease in air raft !ei+ht, the indu ed dra+ !i$$. Option A. de rease. Option B. remain the same. Option C. in rease. Corre t Ans!er is. de rease. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is 4$ift dependant dra+4. 5ess $ift and there !i$$ be $ess indu ed dra+. Question Number. ,1. The amount of $ift +enerated by a !in+ is. Option A. +reatest at the tip. Option B. onstant a$on+ the span. Option C. +reatest at the root. Corre t Ans!er is. +reatest at the root. "#p$anation. See a dia+ram of the $ift distribution of the !in+ 7&ie!ed from the front8 and you !i$$ see it is parabo$i . The !in+ tip &orti es de rease the $ift at the tips. Question Number. ,-. Indu ed @ra+ is. Option A. +reatest to!ards the tip and do!n!ash de reases from tip to root. Option B. +reatest to!ards the !in+ tip and do!n!ash is +reatest to!ards the root. Option C. +reatest to!ards the !in+ root and do!n!ash is +reatest at the tip. Corre t Ans!er is. +reatest to!ards the tip and do!n!ash de reases from tip to root. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is asso iated !ith !in+tip &orti es. The +reater the &orti es at the tip, the +reater is the indu ed dra+. Question Number. ,0. Indu ed @ra+ is. Option A. ne&er e(ua$ to profi$e dra+. Option B. e(ua$ to profi$e dra+ at Kmd. Option C. e(ua$ to profi$e dra+ at sta$$in+ an+$e. Corre t Ans!er is. e(ua$ to profi$e dra+ at Kmd. "#p$anation. S*et h the dra+ ur&es 7dra+ a+ainst speed8. Indu ed dra+ de reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. /rofi$e dra+ in reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. Kmd 7minimum dra+ speed8 is !here they meet. Question Number. ,,. 9ith an in rease in air raft !ei+ht. Option A. Kmd !i$$ be at a hi+her speed. Option B. Kmd !i$$ be at the same speed. Option C. Kmd !i$$ be at a $o!er speed. Corre t Ans!er is. Kmd !i$$ be at a hi+her speed. "#p$anation. S*et h the dra+ ur&es 7dra+ a+ainst speed8. Indu ed dra+ de reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. /rofi$e dra+ in reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. The indu ed dra+ is e$e&ated !ith !ei+ht 7sin e it is $ift dependant8 and so uts the profi$e dra+ further to the ri+ht 7hi+her Kmd8. Question Number. ,.. =or a +i&en IAS an in rease in a$titude !i$$ resu$t in. Option A. an in rease in indu ed dra+. Option B. no han+e in the &a$ue of indu ed dra+.

Option C. an in rease in profi$e dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. an in rease in indu ed dra+. "#p$anation. 9ith a de rease in density the air raft must f$y !ith a +reater an+$e of atta * 7C58 to ompensate for the $oss of $ift. Indu ed dra+ is dependant upon AOA, therefore indu ed dra+ in reases !ith a$titude. Question Number. ,6. As the an+$e of atta * of a !in+ is in reased in $e&e$ f$i+ht. Option A. the C of G mo&es aft and the Cof/ for!ard. Option B. the Cof/ and transition point mo&e for!ard. Option C. the Cof/ mo&es for!ard and the sta+nation point aft o&er the upper surfa e. Corre t Ans!er is. the Cof/ and transition point mo&e for!ard. OC the Cof/ mo&es for!ard and the sta+nation point aft o&er the. "#p$anation. As AOA in reases in $e&e$ f$i+ht, Cof/ mo&es for!ard and the Transition /oint 7the point at !hi h the $aminar f$o! brea*s a!ay and forms into turbu$ent f$o!8 a$so mo&es for!ard. Question Number. ,2. Sta$$ indu ers may be fitted to a !in+. Option A. at the root to ause the root to sta$$ first. Option B. at the tip to ause the root to sta$$ first. Option C. at the root to ause the tip to sta$$ first. Corre t Ans!er is. at the root to ause the root to sta$$ first. "#p$anation. Sta$$ indu ers 7or sta$$ strips8 are p$a ed at the root of the !in+ to trip up the airf$o! )ust before fu$$ sta$$ to ensure the !in+ sta$$s first at the root 7and maintains the ai$eron authority e&en !ith a partia$$y sta$$ed !in+8. Question Number. ,8. The optimum an+$e of atta * of an aerofoi$ is the an+$e at !hi h. Option A. the aerofoi$ produ es ma#imum $ift. Option B. the aerofoi$ produ es Hero $ift. Option C. the hi+hest $iftDdra+ ratio is produ ed. Corre t Ans!er is. the hi+hest $iftDdra+ ratio is produ ed. "#p$anation. The optimum an+$e of atta * is the an+$e at !hi h the hi+hest $iftDdra+ ratio is produ ed. Question Number. ,1. A hi+h aspe t ratio !in+ has a. Option A. in reased indu ed dra+. Option B. de reased s*in fri tion dra+. Option C. de reased indu ed dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. the hi+hest $iftDdra+ ratio is produ ed. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ de reases !ith in reasin+ aspe t ratio. 7;o!e&er, s*in fri tion dra+ a$so redu es !ith an in reased hord $en+th due to thi *enin+ of the boundary $ayer ' but this is $ess si+nifi ant.8. Question Number. .0. Iinimum tota$ dra+ of an air raft o urs. Option A. !hen indu ed dra+ is $east. Option B. at the sta$$in+ speed. Option C. !hen profi$e dra+ e(ua$s indu ed dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. !hen profi$e dra+ e(ua$s indu ed dra+. "#p$anation. S*et h the dra+ ur&es 7dra+ a+ainst speed8. Indu ed dra+ de reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. /rofi$e dra+ in reases e#ponentia$$y !ith speed. Kmd 7minimum dra+ speed8 is !here they meet. Question Number. .1. If the !ei+ht of an air raft is in reased, the indu ed dra+ at a +i&en speed. Option A. !i$$ in rease. Option B. !i$$ de rease. Option C. !i$$ remain the same. Corre t Ans!er is. !i$$ in rease.

"#p$anation. If !ei+ht is in reased, for a +i&en speed the air raft must f$y at a +reater an+$e of atta * 7C58. Indu ed dra+ in reases !ith in reased AOA. Question Number. .-. The transition point on a !in+ is the point !here. Option A. the boundary $ayer f$o! han+es from $aminar to turbu$ent. Option B. the f$o! di&ides to pass abo&e and be$o! the !in+. Option C. the f$o! separates from the !in+ surfa e. Corre t Ans!er is. the boundary $ayer f$o! han+es from $aminar to turbu$ent. "#p$anation. The transition point is a point on the surfa e of the !in+ !here the boundary $ayer han+es from $aminar to turbu$ent. Question Number. .0. The boundary $ayer of a body in a mo&in+ airstream is. Option A. a $ayer of air o&er the surfa e !here the airspeed is han+in+ from free stream speed to Hero speed. Option B. a $ayer of separated f$o! !here the air is turbu$ent. Option C. a thin $ayer of air o&er the surfa e !here the air is stationary. Corre t Ans!er is. a thin $ayer of air o&er the surfa e !here the air is stationary. OC a $ayer of air o&er the surfa e !here the airspeed is han+in+ from free stream speed to Hero speed. "#p$anation. The boundary $ayer is a thin $ayer of s$o!ed air in onta t !ith the surfa e of the s*in !hi h is s$o!ed by fri tion. Speed ran+in+ from stationary to free stream speed. Question Number. .,. A $aminar boundary $ayer !i$$ produ e. Option A. more s*in fri tion dra+ than a turbu$ent one. Option B. the same s*in fri tion dra+ as a turbu$ent one. Option C. $ess s*in fri tion dra+ than a turbu$ent one. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess s*in fri tion dra+ than a turbu$ent one. "#p$anation. S*in fri tion dra+ is +reater in a turbu$ent boundary $ayer than in a $aminar boundary $ayer. Question Number. ... The boundary $ayer is. Option A. thi *est at the $eadin+ ed+e. Option B. thi *est at the trai$in+ ed+e. Option C. onstant thi *ness from $eadin+ to trai$in+ ed+es. Corre t Ans!er is. thi *est at the trai$in+ ed+e. "#p$anation. The boundary $ayer is thi *est at the trai$in+ ed+e. Question Number. .6. The amount of thrust produ ed by a )et en+ine or a prope$$er an be a$ u$ated usin+. Option A. Ne!tonJs 0rd $a!. Option B. Ne!tonJs -nd $a!. Option C. Ne!tonJs 1st $a!. Corre t Ans!er is. Ne!tonJs -nd $a!. "#p$anation. Ne!ton4s se ond $a! is =or e 3 Iass # A e$eration.

Question Number. .2. An en+ine !hi h produ es an eff$u# of hi+h speed !i$$ be. Option A. $ess effi ient. Option B. more effi ient. Option C. speed of eff$u# has no affe t on the en+ine effi ien y. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess effi ient. "#p$anation. A pure turbo)et a e$erates a $o! mass of air at a hi+h rate and is $ess effi ient than a turbo fan or turbo prop. This is be ause the !asted ener+y is 1D-mK- of the )et eff$u#.

Question Number. .8. 9in+ $oadin+ is a$ u$ated by !ei+ht. Option A. di&ided by $ift. Option B. di&ided by +ross !in+ area. Option C. mu$tip$ied by +ross !in+ area. Corre t Ans!er is. di&ided by +ross !in+ area. "#p$anation. 9in+ $oadin+ is !ei+ht di&ided by !in+ area and measured in Ne!tons per s(uare metre. Question Number. .1. Indu ed dra+ is. Option A. nothin+ to do !ith speed. Option B. proportiona$ to speed. Option C. in&erse$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of speed. Corre t Ans!er is. in&erse$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of speed. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is in&erse$y proportiona$ to the s(uare of the speed ' i.e. it redu es !ith the s(uare of the speed. Question Number. 60. As the an+$e of atta * in reases the sta+nation point. Option A. mo&es to!ards the upper surfa e. Option B. does not mo&e. Option C. mo&es to!ards the $o!er surfa e. Corre t Ans!er is. mo&es to!ards the $o!er surfa e. "#p$anation. The sta+nation point is the stationary air at the $eadin+ ed+e of the !in+. As the an+$e of atta * in reases the sta+nation point mo&es to!ards the $o!er surfa e. Question Number. 61. The term pit h'up is due to. Option A. ompressibi$ity effe t. Option B. +round effe t. Option C. $on+itudina$ instabi$ity. Corre t Ans!er is. $on+itudina$ instabi$ity. "#p$anation. /it h'up4 is a $on+itudina$ instabi$ity. It is aused by !in+tip sta$$ on s!ept !in+s, resu$tin+ ina drop of the tai$. Question Number. 6-. In a steady $imb at a steady IAS, the TAS is. Option A. more than IAS. Option B. the same. Option C. $ess than IAS. Corre t Ans!er is. more than IAS. "#p$anation. IAS 3 TAS # s(uare root of si+ma. Si+ma is the ratio of density at a$titude to density at sea' $e&e$. Si+ma is a$!ays $ess than 1. Question Number. 60. An untapered strai+ht !in+ !i$$. Option A. ha&e no ya! effe t in ban*in+. Option B. sta$$ at the root first. Option C. ha&e no han+e in indu ed dra+ in the ban*. Corre t Ans!er is. sta$$ at the root first. "#p$anation. The strai+ht !in+ !i$$ a$!ays sta$$ at the root first. This is the desired sta$$ hara teristi . Question Number. 6,. 9ith the ai$erons a!ay from the neutra$, indu ed dra+ is. Option A. hi+her on the $o!er !in+ p$us profi$e dra+ in reases. Option B. un han+ed but profi$e dra+ is hi+her. Option C. hi+her on the upper !in+ p$us profi$e dra+ in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. hi+her on the upper !in+ p$us profi$e dra+ in reases. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is 4$ift dependant dra+4. The upper !in+ has more $ift and hen e more indu ed dra+. It a$so has more profi$e dra+ due to the ai$eron4s protrusion into the airf$o!.

Question Number. 6.. A$$ the $ift an be said to a t throu+h the. Option A. entre of pressure. Option B. entre of +ra&ity. Option C. norma$ a#is. Corre t Ans!er is. entre of pressure. "#p$anation. A$$ the $ift is said to a t throu+h the entre of pressure. Question Number. 66. The on ept of thrust is e#p$ained by. Option A. Bernou$$iJs theorem. Option B. Ne!tonJs 0rd $a!. Option C. Ne!tonJs 1st $a!. Corre t Ans!er is. Ne!tonJs 0rd $a!. "#p$anation. Ne!ton4s Third 5a! states 4"&ery a tion has an e(ua$ and opposite rea tion4. Question Number. 62. The amber of an aerofoi$ se tion is. Option A. the an+$e !hi h the aerofoi$ ma*es !ith the re$ati&e airf$o!. Option B. the ur&ature of the median $ine of the aerofoi$. Option C. the an+$e of in iden e to!ards the tip of a !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. the ur&ature of the median $ine of the aerofoi$. "#p$anation. Aerofoi$ amber is the ur&ature of the median $ine of the aerofoi$. Question Number. 68. Indu ed dra+. Option A. is aused by s*in fri tion. Option B. is asso iated !ith the $ift +enerated by an aerofoi$. Option C. resu$ts from disturbed airf$o! in the re+ion of mainp$ane. OC is asso iated !ith the $ift +enerated by an aerofoi$. Corre t Ans!er is. resu$ts from disturbed airf$o! in the re+ion of mainp$ane atta hments. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is often a$$ed 4$ift dependant dra+4 be ause it in reases !ith in reasin+ $ift 7due to in reased AOA8. Question Number. 61. As air f$o!s o&er the upper ambered surfa e of an aerofoi$, !hat happens to &e$o ity and pressure:. Option A. Ke$o ity in reases, pressure in reases. Option B. Ke$o ity in reases, pressure de reases. Option C. Ke$o ity de reases, pressure de reases. Corre t Ans!er is. Ke$o ity in reases, pressure de reases. "#p$anation. As air f$o!s o&er the upper ambered surfa e of an aerofoi$, &e$ ity in reases and pressure de reases. This is Bernou$$i4s effe t. Question Number. 20. 9hat is the for e that tends to pu$$ an air raft do!n to!ards the earth:. Option A. Thrust. Option B. 9ei+ht. Option C. @ra+. Corre t Ans!er is. 9ei+ht. "#p$anation. 9ei+ht tends to pu$$ the air raft do!n to!ards the earth. Question Number. 21. The an+$e at !hi h the hord $ine of the aerofoi$ is presented to the airf$o! is *no!n as. Option A. an+$e of atta *. Option B. resu$tant. Option C. an+$e of in iden e. Corre t Ans!er is. an+$e of atta *. "#p$anation. An+$e of Atta * is the an+$e at !hi h the hord $ine of the aerofoi$ is presented to the airf$o!.

Question Number. 2-. The ima+inary strai+ht $ine !hi h passes throu+h an aerofoi$ se tion from $eadin+ ed+e to trai$in+ ed+e is a$$ed. Option A. the hord $ine. Option B. the dire tion of re$ati&e airf$o!. Option C. entre of pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. the hord $ine. "#p$anation. The Chord 5ine is the ima+inary strai+ht $ine !hi h passes throu+h the aerofoi$ from $eadin+ ed+e to trai$in+ ed+e. Question Number 20. 9hat is the an+$e bet!een the hord $ine of the !in+, and the $on+itudina$ a#is of the air raft, *no!n as:. Option A. An+$e of dihedra$. Option B. An+$e of atta *. Option C. An+$e of in iden e. Corre t Ans!er is. An+$e of in iden e. "#p$anation. An+$e of in iden e is the an+$e bet!een the hord $ine of the !in+ and the $on+itudina$ a#is of the air raft. Question Number. 2,. 9in+ tip &orti es reate a type of dra+ *no!n as. Option A. form dra+. Option B. profi$e dra+. Option C. indu ed dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. indu ed dra+. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is asso iated !ith !in+tip &orti es. Question Number. 2.. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ des ribes the 4"mpenna+e4:. Option A. Tai$ se tion of the air raft, in $udin+ fin, rudder, tai$ p$ane and e$e&ators. Option B. Nose se tion of an air raft, in $udin+ the o *pit. Option C. The !in+s, in $udin+ the ai$erons. Corre t Ans!er is. Tai$ se tion of the air raft, in $udin+ fin, rudder, tai$ p$ane and e$e&ators. "#p$anation. "mpanna+e4 is the !ho$e tai$ of the air raft in $udin+ fin, rudder, tai$p$ane and e$e&ator. Question Number. 26. As the an+$e of atta * is in reased 7up to the sta$$ point8, !hi h of the fo$$o!in+ is orre t:. Option A. Both a8 and b8 are orre t. Option B. /ressure differen e bet!een top and bottom of the !in+ in reases. Option C. 5ift in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. Both a8 and b8 are orre t. "#p$anation. As the an+$e of atta * is in reased the pressure differen e bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa es of the !in+ is in reased. This auses the $ift to in rease.

Question Number. 22. 9hat type of dra+, depends on the smoothness of the body, and surfa e area o&er !hi h the air f$o!s:. Option A. =orm dra+. Option B. /arasite dra+. Option C. S*in fri tion dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. S*in fri tion dra+. "#p$anation. S*in fri tion dra+ depends upon the smoothness of the body and the surfa e area. Question Number. 28. 9hen airf$o! &e$o ity o&er an upper ambered surfa e of an aerofoi$ de reases, !hat ta*es p$a e:.

Option A. /ressure de reases, $ift in reases. Option B. /ressure in reases, $ift de reases. Option C. /ressure in reases, $ift in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. /ressure in reases, $ift de reases. "#p$anation. 9hen airf$o! &e$o ity o&er the upper ambered surfa e of an aerofoi$ @"CC"AS"S, the pressure in reases and thus the $ift de reases. Question Number. 21. 9hen an air raft sta$$s. Option A. $ift in reases and dra+ de reases. Option B. $ift and dra+ in rease. Option C. $ift de reases and dra+ in reases. Corre t Ans!er is. $ift de reases and dra+ in reases. "#p$anation. 9hen an air raft sta$$s the dra+ in reases and the $ift de reases. Question Number. 80. 9in+ $oadin+ is. Option A. the ma#imum a$$ up !ei+ht mu$tip$ied by the tota$ !in+ area. Option B. the ma#imum a$$ up !ei+ht di&ided by the tota$ !in+ area. Option C. the ratio of the a$$ up !ei+ht of the air raft to its basi !ei+ht. Corre t Ans!er is. the ratio of the a$$ up !ei+ht of the air raft to its basi !ei+ht. OC the ma#imum a$$ up !ei+ht di&ided by the tota$ !in+ area. "#p$anation. 9in+ 5oadin+ is !ei+ht di&ided by !in+ area. Ieasured in Ne!tons per S(uare Ietre. Question Number. 81. An air raft !in+ !ith an aspe t ration of 6 F 1 is proportiona$ so that. Option A. the !in+ area is si# times the span. Option B. the mean hord is si# times the thi *ness. Option C. the !in+ span is si# times the mean hord. Corre t Ans!er is. the !in+ span is si# times the mean hord. "#p$anation. If aspe t ratio is 6 F 1 the !in+ span is 6 times the mean hord. Question Number. 8-. Mp!ard and out!ard in $ination of a mainp$ane is termed. Option A. dihedra$. Option B. s!eep. Option C. sta++er. Corre t Ans!er is. dihedra$. "#p$anation. Mp!ard and out!ard in $ination of a mainp$ane is termed dihedra$. Question Number. 80. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ for es a t on an air raft in $e&e$ f$i+ht:. Option A. 5ift, dra+, thrust. Option B. 5ift, thrust, and !ei+ht. Option C. 5ift, thrust, !ei+ht, and dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. 5ift, thrust, !ei+ht, and dra+. "#p$anation. 5ift, thrust, !ei+ht and dra+ a t on an air raft in $e&e$ f$i+ht. Question Number. 8,. 9ith referen e to a$timeters, Q=" is. Option A. the manufa turers re+istered name. Option B. (uite fine e(uipment. Option C. settin+ aerodrome atmospheri pressure so that an a$timeter reads Hero on $andin+ and ta*e off. Corre t Ans!er is. settin+ aerodrome atmospheri pressure so that an a$timeter reads Hero on $andin+ and ta*e off. "#p$anation. Q is the mathemati a$ symbo$ for pressure. =" stands for =ie$d "$e&ation. Q=" refers to settin+ the a$timeter to aerodrome atmospheri pressure so the a$timeter reads Hero on $andin+ and ta*eoff.

Question Number. 8.. Mnder the ICAO 4Q4 ode there are !hi h three settin+s:. Option A. Q"=, QN;, Q"N. Option B. Q", QN, QQ". Option C. Q=", QN;, QN". Corre t Ans!er is. Q=", QN;, QN". "#p$anation. The ICAO 4Q4 odes are Q=". QN", QN;. Question Number. 86. 9in+ $oadin+ is. Option A. 9ING AC"A ? 9ING C;OC@. Option B. GCOSS 9"IG;T di&ided by GCOSS 9ING AC"A. Option C. the u$timate tensi$e stren+th of the !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. GCOSS 9"IG;T di&ided by GCOSS 9ING AC"A. "#p$anation. 9in+ $oadin+ is +ross !ei+ht di&ided by !in+ area measured in Ne!tons per S(uare Ietre. Question Number. 82. 9ei+ht is e(ua$ to. Option A. mass ? a e$eration. Option B. mass ? +ra&ity. Option C. &o$ume ? +ra&ity. Corre t Ans!er is. mass ? +ra&ity. "#p$anation. 9ei+ht 3 mass ? +ra&ity in strai+ht and $e&e$ f$i+ht. In a manoeu&re, additiona$ a e$erations are present, !hi h are sometimes onsidered to in rease !ei+ht. The (uestion an therefore be ans!ered in t!o !ays. Question Number. 88. Indu ed dra+. Option A. in reases !ith in rease in air raft !ei+ht. Option B. in reases !ith an in rease in speed. Option C. redu es !ith an in rease in an+$e of atta *. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases !ith in rease in air raft !ei+ht. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ in rease !ith air raft !ei+ht be ause it is 4$ift dependant dra+4. Question Number. 81. Airf$o! o&er the upper surfa e of the !in+ +enera$$y. Option A. f$o!s to!ards the tip. Option B. f$o!s to!ards the root. Option C. f$o!s strai+ht from $eadin+ ed+e to trai$in+ ed+e. Corre t Ans!er is. f$o!s to!ards the root. "#p$anation. @ue to !in+ tip &orti es there is a +enera$ f$o! of air from tip to root on the top surfa e, and root to tip on the $o!er surfa e. Question Number. 10. 9ith an in rease in aspe t ratio for a +i&en IAS, indu ed dra+ !i$$. Option A. redu e. Option B. remain onstant. Option C. in rease. Corre t Ans!er is. redu e. "#p$anation. A $on+ s$ender !in+ 7hi+h aspe t ratio8 has a $o! indu ed dra+. Question Number. 11. If the density of the air is in reased, the $ift !i$$. Option A. remain the same. Option B. in rease. Option C. de rease. Corre t Ans!er is. in rease. "#p$anation. See the formu$a for $ift. 5ift is dire t$y proportiona$ to air density. Question Number. 1-. A$$ the fa tors that affe t the $ift produ ed by an aerofoi$ are.

Option A. an+$e of atta *, &e$o ity, !in+ area, aerofoi$ shape, air density. Option B. an+$e of atta *, air temperature, &e$o ity, !in+ area. Option C. an+$e of atta *, air density, &e$o ity, !in+ area. Corre t Ans!er is. an+$e of atta *, &e$o ity, !in+ area, aerofoi$ shape, air density. "#p$anation. 5ift formu$a is C5 7in $udes aerofoi$ shape and an+$e of atta *8 ? 1D- ? air density ? &e$o ity s(uared. Question Number. 10. A !in+ se tion suitab$e for hi+h speed !ou$d be. Option A. thin !ith hi+h amber. Option B. thi * !ith hi+h amber. Option C. thin !ith $itt$e or no amber. Corre t Ans!er is. thin !ith $itt$e or no amber. "#p$anation. A hi+h speed !in+ is thin !ith $itt$e amber. Question Number. 1,. The indu ed dra+ of an air raft. Option A. in reases if aspe t ratio is in reased. Option B. de reases !ith in reasin+ speed. Option C. in reases !ith in reasin+ speed. Corre t Ans!er is. de reases !ith in reasin+ speed. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ de reases !ith in reasin+ speed. Question Number. 1.. As the speed of an air raft in reases, the profi$e dra+. Option A. de reases at first then in rease. Option B. in reases. Option C. de reases. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases. "#p$anation. /rofi$e dra+ in reases !ith in reasin+ speed. Question Number. 16. The sta+nation point on an aerofoi$ is the point !here. Option A. the boundary $ayer han+es from $aminar to turbu$ent. Option B. the su tion pressure rea hes a ma#imum. Option C. the airf$o! is brou+ht omp$ete$y to rest. Corre t Ans!er is. the airf$o! is brou+ht omp$ete$y to rest. "#p$anation. The sta+nation point on the aerofoi$ is the point !here the airf$o! is brou+ht omp$ete$y to rest on the $eadin+ ed+e. Question Number. 12. The sta$$in+ of an aerofoi$ is affe ted by the. Option A. transition speed. Option B. airspeed. Option C. an+$e of atta *. Corre t Ans!er is. an+$e of atta *. "#p$anation. The sta$$ position of an aerofoi$ is determined by its an+$e of atta * on$y. Question Number. 18. The most fue$ effi ient of the fo$$o!in+ types of en+ine is the. Option A. turbo')et en+ine. Option B. turbo'fan en+ine. Option C. ro *et. Corre t Ans!er is. turbo'fan en+ine. "#p$anation. The turbo fan is the most fue$ effi ient en+ine. Question Number. 11. The (uietest of the fo$$o!in+ types of en+ine is the. Option A. turbo')et en+ine. Option B. ro *et.

Option C. turbo'fan en+ine. Corre t Ans!er is. turbo'fan en+ine. "#p$anation. The turbo fan is the (uietest en+ine. Question Number. 100. =or!ard motion of a +$ider is pro&ided by. Option A. the !ei+ht. Option B. the dra+. Option C. the en+ine. Corre t Ans!er is. the !ei+ht. "#p$anation. The !ei+ht pro&ides for!ard motion of a +$ider. Question Number. 101. /rofi$e dra+ onsists of !hat dra+ types:. Option A. =orm, indu ed and interferen e. Option B. =orm, indu ed and s*in fri tion. Option C. =orm, s*in fri tion and interferen e. Corre t Ans!er is. =orm, s*in fri tion and interferen e. "#p$anation. /rofi$e dra+ 7*no!n as /arasite dra+ in the MSA8 onsists of =orm @ra+, S*in =ri tion @ra+ and Interferen e @ra+. Question Number. 10-. An air raft in strai+ht and $e&e$ f$i+ht is sub)e t to. Option A. a $oad fa tor of 1. Option B. a $oad fa tor of N. Option C. Hero $oad fa tor. Corre t Ans!er is. a $oad fa tor of 1. "#p$anation. An air raft in strai+ht and $e&e$ f$i+ht is sub)e t to a $oad fa tor of 1 7i.e. 1+8. Question Number. 100. Aspe t ratio is +i&en by the formu$a. Option A. Iean Chord D Span. Option B. Span- D Area. Option C. Span- D Iean Chord. Corre t Ans!er is. Span- D Area. "#p$anation. Aspe t Catio is spanDmean hord. Iu$tip$y top and bottom by span and you +et span-Darea. Question Number. 10,. An aspe t ratio of 8 means. Option A. the mean hord is 8 times the span. Option B. the span is 8 times the mean hord. Option C. the area is 8 times the span. Corre t Ans!er is. the span is 8 times the mean hord. "#p$anation. An Aspe t Catio of 8 means the span is 8 times the hord.

Question Number. 10.. A hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. Option A. has a hi+her sta$$ an+$e than a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. Option B. is stiffer than a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. Option C. has $ess indu ed dra+ than a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. has $ess indu ed dra+ than a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. "#p$anation. A $on+ s$ender !in+ 7hi+h aspe t ratio8 has $ess indu ed dra+ than a short stubby !in+. Question Number. 106. Indu ed do!n!ash. Option A. redu es the effe ti&e an+$e of atta * of the !in+. Option B. in reases the effe ti&e an+$e of atta * of the !in+. Option C. has no effe t on the an+$e of atta * of the !in+.

Corre t Ans!er is. redu es the effe ti&e an+$e of atta * of the !in+. "#p$anation. Indu ed do!n!ash redu es the effe ti&e an+$e of atta * of the !in+. Question Number. 102. A strai+ht re tan+u$ar !in+, !ithout any t!ist, !i$$. Option A. ha&e $ess an+$e of atta * at the tip. Option B. ha&e +reater an+$e of atta * at the tip. Option C. ha&e the same an+$e of atta * at a$$ points a$on+ the span. Corre t Ans!er is. ha&e the same an+$e of atta * at a$$ points a$on+ the span. OC ha&e $ess an+$e of atta * at the tip. "#p$anation. @ue to !in+tip &orti es, there is more do!n!ash at the tip, and therefore there is $ess an+$e of atta * at the tip. Question Number. 108. Gi&en - !in+s, the first !ith a span of 1-m and a hord of - m. The se ond has a span of 6m and a hord of 1m. ;o! do their Aspe t Catios ompare:. Option A. The first is hi+her. Option B. They are the same. Option C. The se ond is hi+her. Corre t Ans!er is. They are the same. "#p$anation. Aspe t ratio 3 SpanDChord. Question Number. 101. The C of G mo&es in f$i+ht. The most $i*e$y ause of this is. Option A. mo&ement of passen+ers. Option B. onsumption of fue$ and oi$s. Option C. mo&ement of ar+o. Corre t Ans!er is. onsumption of fue$ and oi$s. "#p$anation. Consumption of fue$ and oi$ auses the C of G to mo&e in f$i+ht. Question Number. 110. A strai+ht re tan+u$ar !in+, !ithout any t!ist, !i$$. Option A. sta$$ e(ua$$y a$on+ the span of the !in+. Option B. sta$$ first at the tip. Option C. sta$$ first at the root. Corre t Ans!er is. sta$$ first at the root. "#p$anation. A strai+ht re tan+u$ar !in+ !i$$ sta$$ first at the root. This is be ause the effe ti&e an+$e of atta * is redu ed at the tips be ause of the +reater do!n!ash at the tips. Question Number. 111. 9hen an air raft e#perien es indu ed dra+. Option A. air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip. Option B. air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root. Option C. Neither a8 or b8 sin e indu ed dra+ does not ause span !ise f$o!. Corre t Ans!er is. Neither a8 or b8 sin e indu ed dra+ does not ause span !ise. OC air f$o!s under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ auses air to f$o! under the !in+ span !ise to!ards the tip and on top of the !in+ span !ise to!ards the root. Question Number. 11-. An aerop$ane !in+ is desi+ned to produ e $ift resu$tin+ from re$ati&e$y. Option A. positi&e air pressure be$o! and abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. Option B. positi&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e an ne+ati&e air pressure abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. Option C. ne+ati&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e and positi&e air pressure abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. OC ne+ati&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e and positi&e air.

Corre t Ans!er is. ne+ati&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e and positi&e air. "#p$anation. The !in+ is desi+ned to produ e $ift resu$tin+ from re$ati&e$y positi&e air pressure be$o! the !in+ surfa e and ne+ati&e air pressure abo&e the !in+ surfa e. Question Number. 110. Aspe t ratio of a !in+ is defined as the ratio of the. Option A. !in+span to the mean hord. Option B. !in+span to the !in+ root. Option C. s(uare of the hord to the !in+span. Corre t Ans!er is. !in+span to the mean hord. "#p$anation. Aspe t ratio is defined as the ratio of the !in+ span to mean hord. Question Number. Option A. 5ift a Option B. 5ift a Option C. 5ift a entre $ine. Corre t Ans!er is. "#p$anation. 5ift a 11,. 9hi h of the fo$$o!in+ is true:. ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e airf$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. ts at ri+ht an+$es to the !in+ hord $ine and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e air f$o! and !ei+ht a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the air raft 5ift a ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e air f$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n. ts at ri+ht an+$es to the re$ati&e airf$o! and !ei+ht a ts &erti a$$y do!n.

Question Number. 11.. The airf$o! o&er the upper surfa e of a ambered !in+. Option A. in reases in &e$o ity and redu es in pressure. Option B. in reases in &e$o ity and pressure. Option C. redu es in &e$o ity and in reases in pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases in &e$o ity and redu es in pressure. "#p$anation. Airf$o! f$o!in+ o&er the upper surfa e of an aerofoi$ in reases in &e$o ity and de reases in pressure. Question Number. 116. 9ith in reased speed in $e&e$ f$i+ht. Option A. profi$e dra+ in reases. Option B. indu ed dra+ in reases. Option C. profi$e dra+ remains onstant. Corre t Ans!er is. profi$e dra+ in reases. "#p$anation. 9ith in reased speed in $e&e$ f$i+ht, the profi$e dra+ in reases and the indu ed dra+ de reases. Question Number. 112. An aerop$ane !in+ is desi+ned to produ e $ift resu$tin+ from re$ati&e$y. Option A. positi&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e and ne+ati&e air pressure abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. Option B. ne+ati&e air pressure be$o! the !in+4s surfa e and positi&e air pressure abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. Option C. positi&e air pressure be$o! and abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. Corre t Ans!er is. positi&e air pressure be$o! and abo&e the !in+4s surfa e. "#p$anation. The !in+ is desi+ned to produ e $ift resu$tin+ from re$ati&e$y positi&e air pressure be$o! the !in+ surfa e and ne+ati&e air pressure abo&e the !in+ surfa e.E. Question Number. 118. The an+$e of atta * of an aerofoi$ se tion is the an+$e bet!een the. Option A. underside of the !in+ surfa e and the mean airf$o!. Option B. hord $ine and the re$ati&e airf$o!. Option C. hord $ine and the entre $ine of the fuse$a+e. Corre t Ans!er is. hord $ine and the re$ati&e airf$o!. "#p$anation. An+$e of atta * of an aerofoi$ is the an+$e bet!een the hord $ine and the re$ati&e air f$o!. Question Number. 111. A s!ept !in+ tends to sta$$ first at the.

Option A. entre se tion. Option B. root. Option C. tip. Corre t Ans!er is. tip. "#p$anation. A s!ept !in+ tends to sta$$ first at the tip. Question Number. 1-0. The trai$in+ &orte# on a pointed !in+ 7taper ratio 3 08 is. Option A. at the tip. Option B. e(ua$$y a$$ a$on+ the !in+ span. Option C. at the root. Corre t Ans!er is. at the root. "#p$anation. The &orte# of a pointed !in+ on entrated at the root of the !in+ ' e#a t$y opposite to strai+ht !in+s. Question Number. 1-1. The $ift ur&e for a de$ta !in+ is. Option A. more steep than that of a hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. Option B. $ess steep than that of a hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. Option C. the same as that of a hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess steep than that of a hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. "#p$anation. A de$ta !in+ produ es $ess $ift for any +i&en an+$e of atta * than any other type of !in+. Question Number. 1--. An in rease in the speed at !hi h an aerofoi$ passes throu+h the air in reases $ift be ause. Option A. the in reased speed of the airf$o! reates a +reater pressure differentia$ bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa es. Option B. the in reased speed of the airf$o! reates a $esser pressure differentia$ bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa es. Option C. the in reased &e$o ity of the re$ati&e !ind in reases the an+$e of atta *. Corre t Ans!er is. the in reased &e$o ity of the re$ati&e !ind in reases the an+$e. OC the in reased speed of the airf$o! reates a +reater pressure differentia$ bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa es. "#p$anation. In reasin+ the speed of an aerofoi$ in reases the pressure differentia$ bet!een the upper and $o!er surfa e. Question Number. 1-0. A de$ta !in+ has. Option A. a $o!er sta$$ an+$e than a strai+ht !in+. Option B. a hi+her sta$$ an+$e than a strai+ht !in+. Option C. the same sta$$ an+$e than a strai+ht !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. a hi+her sta$$ an+$e than a strai+ht !in+. "#p$anation. A de$ta !in+ has a mu h hi+her sta$$ an+$e than a norma$ !in+ 7some as mu h as ,0 de+rees8. Question Number. 1-,. The airf$o! o&er the upper surfa e of a ambered !in+. Option A. redu es in &e$o ity and in reases in pressure. Option B. in reases in &e$o ity and redu es in pressure. Option C. in reases in &e$o ity and pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. in reases in &e$o ity and redu es in pressure. "#p$anation. Airf$o! o&er the upper surfa e of a ambered surfa e of the !in+ in reases in &e$o ity and de reases in pressure. Question Number. 1-.. The speed of air o&er a s!ept !in+ !hi h ontributes to the $ift is. Option A. $ess than the air raft speed. Option B. the same as the air raft speed.

Option C. more than the air raft speed. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess than the air raft speed. "#p$anation. If air raft speed is K, speed of airf$o! o&er !in+ !hi h ontributes to $ift is K os7s!eepan+$e8. Cos7s!eepan+$e8 O 1. See AC Lermode, Ie hani s of =$i+ht 710th edition8. /+ 0.1 =i+ 11.16. Question Number. 1-6. =or a +i&en an+$e of atta *, indu ed dra+ is. Option A. +reater on a hi+h aspe t ratio !in+. Option B. +reater to!ards the !in+ root. Option C. +reater on a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. Corre t Ans!er is. +reater on a $o! aspe t ratio !in+. "#p$anation. A $o! aspe t ratio !in+ 7short'stubby !in+8 has a +reater indu ed dra+. Question Number. 1-2. In strai+ht and $e&e$ f$i+ht, the an+$e of atta * of a s!ept !in+ is. Option A. $ess than the air raft an+$e to the horiHonta$. Option B. more than the air raft an+$e to the horiHonta$. Option C. the same as the air raft an+$e to the horiHonta$. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess than the air raft an+$e to the horiHonta$. "#p$anation. Sin e the 4effe ti&e4 &e$o ity &e tor o&er a s!ept !in+ is not para$$e$ !ith the for!ard dire tion of the air raft, a han+e in pit h of the air raft has $esser effe t upon the AOA of the !in+. Question Number. 1-8. Indu ed dra+. Option A. is e(ua$ to the profi$e dra+ at Kmd. Option B. is e(ua$ to the profi$e dra+ at the sta$$in+ speed. Option C. is ne&er e(ua$ to the profi$e dra+. Corre t Ans!er is. is e(ua$ to the profi$e dra+ at Kmd. "#p$anation. Indu ed dra+ is e(ua$ to profi$e dra+ at Kmd. Question Number. 1-1. A de$ta !in+ air raft f$yin+ at the same speed 7subsoni 8 and an+$e of atta * as a s!ept !in+ air raft of simi$ar !in+ area !i$$ produ e. Option A. more $ift. Option B. $ess $ift. Option C. the same $ift. Corre t Ans!er is. $ess $ift. "#p$anation. A de$ta !in+ air raft at any +i&en an+$e of atta * and speed !i$$ produ e $ess $ift than any other type of !in+. Question Number. 100. The sta+nation point is. Option A. stati pressure minus dynami pressure. Option B. dynami pressure on$y. Option C. stati pressure p$us dynami pressure. Corre t Ans!er is. stati pressure p$us dynami pressure. "#p$anation. At sta+nation, the pressure is tota$ 7stati p$us dynami 8. Question Number. 101. On a s!ept !in+ air raft, due to the ad&erse pressure +radient, the boundary $ayer on the upper surfa e of the !in+ tends to f$o!. Option A. to!ards the root.