MAA 161 STATISTICS FOR SCIENCES STUDENTS Solutions of Tutorial 9

1. H 0 : 25.3

H1 : 25.3 The population standard deviation is known, and the sample size is large (n > 30), we use normal distribution. For = 0.01, critical value is -2.3263. 23.9 25.3 z 6.39 100 = -2.1909 (> -2.3263) For = 0.01, we do not reject H 0 .
There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the average commute time is less than 25.3 minutes. 2. H 0 : 10

H1 : < 10 The population standard deviation is known, and the sample size is large (n > 30), we use normal distribution. 9.25 10 z 2 35 = -2.22 p-value = 0.01321 Since 0.0132 < 0.05, reject H 0 .
The conclusion is that there is enough evidence to support the claim that the average time is less than 10 minutes. 3. H 0 : 150000

H1 : > 150000 The population standard deviation is unknown, and the sample size is small (n < 30), and the population is normally distributed, we use the t distribution. For = 0.05, with d.f. = 7, the critical value of t is 1.895. 155500 150000 t 15000 8 = 1.0371 (< 1.895) Do not reject H 0 .
There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the average salary is more than $150,000.

4. H 0 : p 0.137

H1 : p 0.137 np = 50, nq = 250 Since np > 5 and nq > 5 , use the normal distribution. For = 0.05, 2 0.025 , the critical values are -1.96 and 1.96.
z

50 300 0.137 0.137 0.863

300 = 1.4944 (< 1.96) For = 0.05, we do not reject H 0 .

There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the percentage of union workers differs from 13.7%. 5. H 0 : p 0.593

H1 : p 0.593 np = 156, nq = 144 Since np > 5 and nq > 5 , use the normal distribution. For = 0.01, 2 = 0.005, the critical value is -2.3263.
z

156 300 0.593 0.5930.407

300 = -2.5737 (< -2.3263) For = 0.05, we reject H 0 .

Conclude that the proportion is less than 59.3% of school lunches are free or at a reduced price. 6. H 0 : p 0.65

H1 : p 0.65 np = 57, nq = 23 Since np > 5 and nq > 5 , use the normal distribution. 57 80 0.65 z 0.650.35 80 = 1.17 p-value = 2(0.121) =0.242 Since p-value > 0.05, do not reject H 0 .
There is not enough evidence to reject the claim that 65% of the teenagers own their own radios.

7. H 0 : p 0.204

H1 : p 0.204 np = 54, nq = 246 Since np > 5 and nq > 5 , use the normal distribution. For = 0.05, 2 = 0.025, the critical values are -1.96 and 1.96.
z

0.18 0.204 0.2040.796

300 = -1.0316 (>-1.96) Since -1.0316 > -1.96, do not reject H 0 . Do not reject the null hypothesis. There is not enough evidence to support the claim that the proportion of high school smokers differs from 20.4%.