EHV CIRCUIT BREAKERS

ABOUT SWITCHGEAR 1. EHV breaker manufacturing operations Started in 1969. 2. Pioneer in high voltage breaker in the country with more than 15,000 (including MOCBs) breakers in the grid with more than four decades of experience. 3. About 35% ( more than 700 nos.) population of 400kV breaker in Indian grid. 4. Complete range of manufacturing and test facilities for breakers upto 800kV.

Product range SF6 gas circuit breaker Type 3AT4/5 550kV to 800kV Type 3AT2/3 420kV Type 3AV1 245kV Type 3AR1EG 145kV

A circuit breaker is defined as a mechanical device capable of making, carrying and breaking currents under normal circuit conditions and also making, carrying for a specific time and breaking currents under specific abnormal circuit conditions such as those of short circuit. The main functions of HV circuit-breakers can be categorized into four functions:

Switching-off operating currents Switching-on operating currents Short-circuit current interruption Secure open and closed position

 Physical requirements of EHV CB: Behave as a good conductor during a closed position. Good isolator during an open position. Do not generate overvoltage's during Keep high reliability during operation

switching.

CLASIFICATION OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS

Based on Voltage Low -less than 1kV Medium - 1kV to 52kV High/Extra High- 66kV to 765kV Ultra High -above 765kV Based on location Indoor Outdoor Based on External design dead tank Live tank
Based on Interrupting media Air break Air blast Bulk oil Minimum oil SF6 gas insulated vacuum

Important standards IEC 62271-1General and definitions 62271-100 Classification, Design and construction, Type and routine testing, Selection of circuit breakers for service, Information in enquiries, tenders and orders.

ANSI(American National Standards Institute) C37041979 Rating structure C37061979 Preferred ratings C37091979 Test procedure C37101979 Application guide C37111979 Application guide for transient recovery voltage C37121979 Capacitance current switching

MAIN COMPONENTES 42OKV EHV CB

INTERRUPTER UNIT BELL CRANK HOUSING INSULATOR COLUMN

DRIVE UNIT

CONTROL UNIT

 Components five groups: a). Insulation:

of

HV

circuit-breakers

regarding basic functions can be divided into

Electric insulation of HV CB is dielectric materials. Ex.

Gaseous, liquid and solid Interrupter. b). Current carrying: The current carrying parts are significant components that assure the flowing of current in the closed position. The failure of these parts can lead to catastrophic events.

Ex. Guide tube.

c). Switching: HV circuit-breakers subjected to It is required that they should be able to electrical, thermal and mechanical stresses. make and break large amount of power without causing failures. d). Operating mechanism: The operating mechanism is a part used to move contacts from open to closed position or inversely. Ex. Hydraulic Mechanism.

e). Control and auxiliary functions: The signal is sent to the coil to move a latch or open a valve leading to energy release of a mechanical drive
Classification of Breakers

DEAD Tank type

Live tank type

Indoor Switchgear (GIS

Outdoor breakers (AIS)

BREAKER'S OPERATION TIMES

Basic oprns of the CB is "CLOSE" when joining, and "TRIP" when parting the contacts. In most of the cases it has to execute on demand a combination of the basic operations, called cycles. The most popular are the following:

1."TRIP FREE", (C-O): simulates a trip on short circuit after a "CLOSE". 2."RECLOSE", (O-C): simulates a fast close after short circuit trip to reestablish the current. 3."RECLOSE-OPEN", (O-0.3s-C-O): Simulates a "RECLOSE" on short circuit. The breaker should clear the fault successfully. 4. (C-O)-15 sec-(C-O)-15-sec-(C-O): simulates a multiple close after short circuit trips in purpose of re-establishing the current, hoping that the short circuit is disappeared. This cycle is mostly used in the Medium voltage appls. 5. The times measured, for the different cycles starting from the coil energizing until the switching of the main contacts are called the Breaker's mechanical times of operations.

Testing of circuit breaker Type tests High power tests Direct tests synthetic tests Short circuit tests Switching performance tests

High voltage tests Mechanical and environmental tests Temperature rise test

Routine tests Mechanical operations test Measurement of contact resistance Voltage withstand test on control circuit Power frequency withstand test on main circuit High pressure test on Hydraulic mechanism SF6 gas tightness test Pump charging time for operations Leak testing hydraulic mechanism N2 leak test on accumulator

Circuit breakers with composite insulators

Explosion proof Light weight Single piece of any length No L/D constraint Higher creapage can be achieved Comparatively costly No of joints can be reduced

Development of 245kV SF6 CB with Hydro Spring Mech.

PRESENT MARKET PRICE: 13.5 Lakhs EXISTING BREAKER MATERIAL COST: 16.5 LAKHS NEW DESIGN WITH DTC MATERIAL COST: 8.5 LAKHS