A PROJECT REPORT ON TOUR AND TRAVEL MANAGEMENT SUBMITTED TO

INDIAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DIPLOMA OF GRADUATE DIPLOMA IN MANAGEMENT BY:AKRITI WALIA Ref. No.; L-001872

INDIAN SCHOOL OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT, MUMBAI (MAHATASHTRA)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
KNOWLEDGE IS THE END BASE ON ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Acknowledging any one in mere words is a very difficult job. I would like to pay my sincere thanks to all those persons who have helped me during this project work with their able guidance and invaluable advice. I am highly indebted to school of business management for constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project. for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project. I would also like to thanks each and every member of the college, friends and family who have directly or indirectly helped me to complete this project.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
S.NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Introduction Service Sector Management Introduction to industry Mission Vision and values Travel and Tourism Industry History Objectives Scope of the Project Strategies Research Methodology Findings Recommendations Conclusion Bibliography References PARTICULARS

INTRODUCTION

Our objective of the study is to understand the travel & tourism industry with respect to service marketing mix that are 8Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, Physical Evidence & Positioning) and also we have compared two of the travel & tourism company. To understand the former part, we have visited KESARI World Class Travel Company & RAJ Travel World and gathered appropriate information with regards to project.

We have analyzed the information of the companies with respect to 8Ps and prepared comparative statement. For this proceeds, we have picked same

packages which are provided by both the companies. Further we have point out that how company manage their services to satisfy the customers.

After concerning all the above we known that, By composing and orchestrating the appropriate level of resources, skill, ingenuity, and experience for effecting specific benefits for service consumers, service providers participate in an economy without the restrictions of carrying stock (inventory) or the need to concern themselves with bulky raw materials. On the other hand, their investment in expertise does require consistent service marketing and upgrading in the face of competition which has equally few physical restrictions. Many so-called services, however, require large physical structures and equipment, and consume large amounts of resources, such as transportation services.

SERVICE SECTOR MANAGEMENT

Service: A type of an economic activity that is intangible not stored & does not result in ownership. A service is consumed at the point of sale. Services are one of the two key components of economic, the other being is goods. Providers of services make up the tertiary sector of the economy. Examples of services include the transfer of goods, such as the postal service, delivering mail & use of expertise or experience, such as a person visiting a doctor or lawyer.

Country Roads Hospitality is a well-known travel consultant in the country; provide you wit a wide range of services. We make sure to keep you updated with information about hotel reservation, tour packages, corporate/incentive tour packages etc. We make every effort to ensure that you are offered with the best of hospitality. We offer corporate/incentive tours. If a company needs to set out on a tour with its staff and employees, we are here to give the best value to your money. Our cost-effective and well-organized tour packages are sure to satisfy one and all. Apart from organizing tours to other parts of India

It offers Off-Site Meets Dealer Meets Day Conference Gala Evening Training Programs Leisure Trips Tailor Made Vacations Hotel Reservations Services Adventure Tours Hill Station Tour Car Rental Services Corporate / Incentive Tour Wildlife Services

Characteristics of Service:
Intangibility: Services are intangible and insubstantial: they cannot be touched, gripped, handled, looked at, smelled, tasted or heard. Thus, there is neither potential nor need for transport, storage or stocking of services.

Perishability: Services are perishable in two regards The service relevant resources, processes and systems are assigned for service delivery during a definite period in time. If the designated or scheduled service consumer does not request and consume the service during this period, the service cannot be performed again for him. When the service has been completely rendered to the requesting service consumer, this particular service irreversibly vanishes as it has been consumed by the service consumer.

Simultaneity: Services are rendered and consumed during the same period of time. As soon as the service consumer has requested the service (delivery), the particular service must be generated from scratch without any delay and friction and the service consumer instantaneously consumes the rendered benefits for executing his upcoming activity or task.

Inseparability: Services are typically produced and consumed simultaneously. In case of physical goods, they are manufactured into products, distributed through multiple resellers, and consumed later. But, in case of services, it cannot be separated from the service provider. Thus, the service provider would become a part of a service.

Variability: Any services is not identical, so quality, price, way of presentation or timing of render of services may differ from one activity to another. Also the level of satisfaction may changes from consumer to consumer. The service firms should make an effort to deliver high and consistent quality in their service; and this is attained by selecting good and qualified personnel for rendering the service.

Lack of Ownership: Right of ownership is not taken to the service, since you merely experience it. For example, an engineer may service your air-conditioning, but you do not own the service, the engineer or his equipment. You cannot sell it on once it has been consumed, and do not take ownership of it.

Service Management:
It is integrated into Supply Chain Management as the joint between the actual sales and the customer. The aim of high performance Service Management is to optimize the service-intensive supply chains, which are usually more complex than the typical finished-goods supply chain. Most service-intensive supply chains require larger

inventories and tighter integration with field service and third parties. They also must accommodate inconsistent and uncertain demand by establishing more advanced information and product flows. Moreover, all processes must be coordinated across numerous service locations with large numbers of parts and multiple levels in the supply chain.

Components of Service Management:

Generally, Service Management comprises six different capabilities that companies should consider for optimization:

Service strategy and service offerings

o o o o

Defining Service Strategy Defining Service Offerings & Positioning Go-To-Market Strategy Service Portfolio Management

Spare parts management

o o o o o

Parts Supply Management Inventory Management Parts Demand Management Fulfillment Operations & Logistics Service Parts Management

Returns, repairs and warranties

o o o o

Warranty & Claims Management Reverse logistics Returns Processing Remanufacturing

Field Service Management or Field force effectiveness

o o o o o

Technician Enablement Mobility E-learning Activity Scheduling Service Billing

Customer management
o o o o

Order Management & Availability Channel & Partner Management Customer Insight Technical Documentation

Assets, Maintenance, Task Scheduling, Event Management

o o o o

Remote Monitoring Diagnostics & Testing Asset Management/Optimization Configuration Management

Travel & Tourism with respect to Service Marketing Mix Travel & Tourism:
Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations for any purpose and any duration, with or without any means of transport. Travel also includes relatively short stays between successive movements. Movements between locations requiring only a few minutes are not considered as travel. As an activity, "travel" also covers all the activities performed during a travel (movement). Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited."

Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. Tourism is vital for many countries, such as Egypt, Greece, Lebanon, Spain and Thailand, and many island nations, such as The Bahamas, Fiji, Maldives, and the Seychelles, due to the large intake of money for businesses with their goods and services and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with tourism. These service industries include transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships and taxicabs, hospitality services, such as accommodations, including hotels and resorts, and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, music venues and theatres.

Who, When, Where, How, & Why? WHO Any One First Wave - They are the Leisure Tourists which are mostly wealthy & upper-class citizens. Travel for them is a novelty. Second & Third Waves - It comprises of middle & lower level people who are not a leisure tourist.

WHEN Any Time

Tourists

have

Seasonal

Tourism

summer, winter, spring & rainfall or during Holidays or on occurrence of certain Events marriage, birthdays, etc.

WHERE Any Where

Being a Globalization a tourist can travel easily at affordable prices. Nearly every country has a market for Tourism

HOW Any Way Developments in transportation have helped to globalize the industry.

Various means such as Planes, Trains, Automobiles, Ship, etc are available for tourism.

WHY Any Reason First Wave travel for Religious Trade,

Pilgrimages,

Exploration,

Medical & Necessity Second & Third Waves, Because of the expansion and growth of Tour & Travel industry this Second & Third Waves people also travel at affordable prices.

Service Marketing:
Service marketing is the process by which companies create customer interest in its provided services. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communication, and business development. It is an integrated process through which companies build strong customer relationships and create value for their customers and for themselves. The term marketing concept holds that achieving organizational goals depends on knowing the needs and wants of target markets and delivering the desired satisfactions. It proposes that in order to satisfy its organizational objectives, an organization should anticipate the needs and wants of consumers and satisfy these more effectively than competitors.

The Service Marketing Mix:

Product: Its a tangible object or an intangible service that is mass produced or manufactured on a large scale with a specific volume of units. In travel & tourism industry the holiday packages is considered as a product. Price: It is the amount a customer pays for the product. It is determined by a number of factors including market share, competition, material costs,

product identity and the customer's perceived value of the product. In travel & tourism industry the packages amount is considered as price.

Place: It represents the location where a product or services can be purchased. It includes any physical store as well as virtual stores on the Internet. Place is not exactly a physical store where it is available Place is nothing but how the product takes place or create image in the mind of customers.

Promotion: It represents all of the communications that a marketer may use in the marketplace. Promotion has four distinct elements: advertising,

public relations, personal selling and sales promotion. A certain amount of crossover occurs when promotion uses the four principal elements together, which is common in film promotion.

People: An essential ingredient to any service provision is the use of

appropriate staff and people. Recruiting the right staff and training them appropriately in the delivery of their service is essential if the organization wants to obtain a form of competitive advantage. In travel & tourism industry

driver, sales executives, hospitality executives, guide, etc are the related people.

Process: It refers to the systems used to assist the organization in delivering the service. In travel & tourism industry the process of service is done by picking up the customer from their place, then guiding them, providing

accommodation, providing meals on time & finally dropping back them to their place.

Physical Evidence: Where is the service being delivered? Physical Evidence is the element of the service mix which allows the consumer again to make judgments on the organization. In travel & tourism industry customer make judgment on accommodation, travel facilities, executives behavior, etc.

Positioning: In marketing, positioning has come to mean the process by which marketers try to create an image or identity in the minds of their target market for its In product, travel brand, & or

organization.

tourism

industry a company builds its image in the market with regards to their services and the packages they provide.

Vision - To be a world class travel company spreading smiles and happiness. Mission - Kesari is passionately committed to Total Quality Travel, with continual delivery of value added services. We uphold the highest ethical standards and believe in creating new benchmark in the industry.

Companys background & profile: The trailblazing journey of Kesari began in 1984 with a pledge - When you make a promise to your guests, honour it. by Mr. Kesari Patil. Today that small travel company, called Kesari Tours Pvt. Ltd, is one of Indias most reputed travel companies with an office staff of over 500 & 400 tour escorts, with branches and expanding PSA network in every nook & corner of India. Kesari is a world class travel company certified by ISO 9001:2000 standards. & OHSAS 18001:2007

Mr.

Kesari

Patil

was

awarded award

as by

Lifetime

Achievement

Galileo Bird Travel World Express, in Delhi in the presence of chief Minister Sheela Dixit, Chief Editor Shekhar Gupta & Tourism Minister Kumari Shalaga on 21st April, 10 for his contribution in the Travel & Tourism industry. Further, the company was awarded as Best Domestic Tour Operating Company in India in year 2006-07 & in year 2007-08 it was awarded as Best Outbound Tour Operator Western in India

Today, Kesari has become a household name for travelers spread across the length & breadth of our country having a substantial portfolio of large domestic & international holiday destinations to its credit, spreading across the seven continents. Over 4 lac happy customers have enjoyed the world class standards of service, quality & innovation that Kesari has bought in the tourism industry.

Trusted name First Travel Company certified by ISO 9001:2000 & OHSAS 18001:2007. Lakhs of satisfied tourists, maximum repeat customers. Winner of major national & international tourism awards. Preferred company by tourism boards, Airlines & Associates. 900 dedicated professional Kesarians in offices all over & 400 exclusive Tour leaders, to serve you.

A variety of tours all over the world, from 4 to 21 days to suit every budget.

Trusted price Worldwide tours at its best price. Clear cut on line tour price No hidden cost. No extra charges for stipulated sightseeing in tour programme or meals when on tour. Air fare, Airport taxes (expect fluctuations), Visa charges, Insurance (for selected tours) included. Tips to guides & drivers included.

Trusted tour programmes Meticulously planned, well designed itinerary to suit Indian tourists. All Music See sightseeing included. More sightseeing, less bus journey, mostly no backtracking of routes. Choice of Mono to Multi countries, dates, days & prices.

Trusted services Professional services with a personal touch. Centrally or conveniently located Hotels, appreciated by all traveled guests. Hi-tech, A.C. / Air cooled coaches with reclining seats. Sumptuous Indian meals on tour.

Extra toppings like ice-cream, softy, tea, coffee, juice, soft drink at various places to add to the fun.

Trusted entertainment See & enjoy World with Entertainment, Smiles & Laughter. Games, Antakshari, Dance & Dhamaal on tour. Attentive tour leader to make the tour more enjoyable for every customer.

Trusted policies Transparent, Honest & Fair dealings with all. Committed to Ethical Business Practices. No advertising gimmick. No false promises.

HOUSE OF KESARI:

Companys background & profile: Shree Raj Travels & Tours Ltd. was established in 1976 by the Chairman & Managing Director- Mr. Lalit Sheth. It was his vision to provide the Indian traveler with SUPERIOR quality

package tour facilities. He ensured that the services of Raj Travels would be totally customer focused and would maintain their exclusivity. The objective was to make family holidays tours more comfortable, more exciting, and most memorable. His passion was to CHANGE the entire scenario that existed in the Indian Market. An array of new Services was introduced by Raj Travels that were welcomed by customers with open arms. Within a short span of time RAJ TRAVELS revolutionized the entire travel industry. The CHANGE had taken place and Raj Travels began its journey to become the Number 1 Outbound Tour Operator in the country.

Raj Travels was the first Outbound Tour Company to introduce Indian Meals on its Globe Tour Packages. Raj Travels was the first tour operator to start package tours to Australia & New Zealand. Way back in 1986 when Raj Travels Launched Caravan Kitchens and started serving "Indian Cuisine- Hot Meals" in Europe, the customer response was so dynamic that it changed the face of "Indian Tours" forever. The biggest players in the industry were compelled to follow suit and it was do or die situation for many. Raj Travels has been renowned for PIONEERING some of the most admired "Customer Services" in tourism. Today, we proudly continue to enjoy the Number 1 position in the outbound tours industry with 54 operational offices Spread over India. The few of the laurels that they have received in 2003, includes the Best Performing Agency by reputed airlines such as Lufthansa and Air India. Amadeus, the world's largest CRS has declared Raj Travels as the number I reservations agent in India. BBC worldwide has also rated Raj Travels as India's premier outbound tour operator.

What brings Raj travels to an enviable position? The growth & success can be attributed to its constant improvisation and introducing new features - be it the choice of Hotels, choice of Airlines, or choice of Destinations. Awareness of the growing trends in travel trend, keeping up to the demands of the more educated and savvy travelers , catering to all these has been our forte. Orlando, Madame Tussauds, Kukenhof Gardens, Fantasyland, Holiday Park, TGV train ride, Hovercraft ride Safari, Helicopter ride, Balloon ride, Ski flight, Dinners at Planet Hollywood, Hard Rock Caf, Rainforest Caf, James Bond Breakfast at

Schilthorn, Mt Titlis, Mt Rigi, Dinner on 107th floor of World Trade Center, Para Sailing, Submarine ride, Ride on MTR, the Singapore Zoo, Night all these and more were brought to the discerning traveler, only in a Raj Tour.

They do Things Differently: They want to be different; this has been their most outstanding quality. This is a trait which segregates them from the rest of the competition. They are aggressive, intense & passionate of their business of travel promotion. They provide a lending ear to understand the changing profile of today's traveler. They pack a lot of things to do and see in a short holiday, for some it may be taxing, for most it is the best way to holiday. Their young and vibrant team is full of ideas & eager to provide the right service.

Product Price: Raj believes in guiding the traveler with an "all Inclusive" price point, and not mislead a client with eyewash of a published low price, with all others as Optional. Raj travels has been able to prove to its clients that what is appearing cheap, is ultimately more expensive & there can be no compromises on a well tailored, all inclusive holiday. Raj believes in giving true value for money. It has been their competitors constant endeavor to prove them wrong; however, their satisfied clients have been their greatest spokes person. A good product talks for them.

Service Marketing Mix

Product

America with Bahamas Cruise, 19 days / 18 nights.

American Experience with Bahamas Cruise, 19 nights / 20 days.

Price Place

INR 145990 + USD 2800 Washington, Niagara Falls, New York, Miami, Orlando, Las Vegas, Las Angeles, San Francisco, Bahamas Cruise.

INR 77000 + USD 5815 New York, Washington, Gettysburg, Harrisburg, Niagara Falls, Toronto, Orlando, Bahamas Cruise, San Francisco, Las Vegas, Los Angeles.

Promotion

Print ads, billboard, brochures, catalogs &Web pages

Print ads, brochures, catalogs & Web pages

Process

Picking up-flight-providing Picking up-flight-providing meals & accommodationvisiting the above mentioned places-guidingdropping back to their place. meals & accommodationvisiting the above mentioned places-guidingdropping back to their place. Driver, Guide, Hospitality executives.

People

Driver, Guide, Tour escorts, Travel professionals.

Physical Evidence

High range of Infrastructure

Satisfied clients have been their greatest spokes person.

Positioning

Advertising media, Public Relation.

Advertising media, Public Relation.

Service Marketing Mix

Product

All of Europe, 21 days / 20 nights.

European Experience, 23 nights / 24 days. INR 79999 + EURO 4449 London, Paris, Nice, Cannes, Pisa, Rome,

Price Place

INR 96990 + EURO 2600 Spain, Barcelona, Monaco, Vatican, Pisa, Rome,

Padvo, Innsbruck, Wattens, Padvo, Innsbruck, Switzerland, Germany, Netherlands, Paris, London. Swarovski, Schilthorn, Jungfrau, Geneva, Villars, Zurich, Hanau, Glasgow, Edinburgh. Promotion Print ads, billboard, brochures, catalogs &Web pages Process Picking up-flight-providing Picking up-flight-providing Print ads, brochures, catalogs & Web pages

meals & accommodationvisiting the above mentioned places-guidingdropping back to their place. People Driver, Guide, Tour escorts, Travel professionals. Physical Evidence High range of Infrastructure

meals & accommodationvisiting the above mentioned places-guidingdropping back to their place. Driver, Guide, Hospitality executives.

Satisfied clients have been their greatest spokes person.

Positioning

Advertising media, Public Relation.

Advertising media, Public Relation.

INTRODUCTION TO THE COMPANY

About It's an event management firm catering to hospitality industry for corporate as well as individual. They are travel consultant but they assist you as personal travel concierge. India is a land with vivid and pleasant contradictions. This has made it one of the most sought- after destinations in almost all types of theme tours. From magnificent monuments to towering shopping malls, from luring beaches of Kerala and Goa to the mighty peaks of Himalayas, India from all corners is God's very own. Country roads has brought together some great tour packages, which mostly comprises must see destinations of India like Taj Mahal tour, Great Ganges Tour, Royal Rajasthan tour and so on.

Company profile
Country Roads Hospitality was started by Mr. Naveen Mehta (MD) in 1997, on his own without any helping hand. He took this bold step and entered into hospitality industry as travel consultant. In 2001 country roads was incorporated as put lied with 3 employees and few corporate client's like Shri ram group, Dabur, Wipro, Parle etc. We delivered 100% what we promised at competent rate and become trustworthy. Till 2005 we were limited to conference and meeting but after that we expanded our arms and entered into Events, Corporate dinners, Day Conference and much more. Recently in 2009 we entered on a larger basis in Frequent Individual Travel (FIT). We have 87 respected corporate now. Word of mouth from corporate helped us building relationship with other client's in the industry. The quality of "Stick to evenness" In the employees never let CR to step back and since 1997 till now it has tasted the fruit of success without any downfall. Country Roads Hospitality was started by Mr. Naveen Mehta (MD) in 1997, on his own without any helping hand. He took this bold step and entered into hospitality industry as travel consultant. In 2001 country roads

was incorporated as put lied with 3 employees and few corporate client's like Shri ram group, Dabur, Wipro, Parle etc. We delivered 100% what we promised at competent rate and become trustworthy. Till 2005 we were limited to conference and meeting but after that we expanded our arms and entered into Events, Corporate dinners, Day Conference and much more. Recently in 2009 we entered on a larger basis in Frequent Individual Travel (FIT). We have 87 respected corporate now. Word of mouth from corporate helped us building relationship with other client's in the industry. The quality of "Stick to evenness" In the employees never let CR to step back and since 1997 till now it has tasted the fruit of success without any downfall.

Mission, Vision & Values

Mission-To

push

the

leading

edge

of

hospitality

and

giving added value to our client's

Vision-

To

be

among

top

three

hospitality

and

event

management company

Values-To create value for customers/client's Be ethical Trust and respect each other Work in team Collaborate, communicate and be accountable Each employee responsibility for contributing to the company success Service

Unique Selling Point

Packages as per clients budget Serves as personal travel concierge Communication route is simplified

TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY

In this paper I will be researching on the development of travel and tourism industry, its structure, the relevant bodies which play an influential part in this sector and finally the factors that affect the travel and tourism industry. The travel and tourism industry has undergone a sea change with the advancement of technology which has enabled the travel from different parts of the world more affordable and convenient and enabled the travel industry to utilise the services of tourism sector for the mutual growth of both industries across the globe. Let us understand the history and the time lines of development of tourism industry from the post world war II era.

Development of Travel & Tourism Industry

Since the end of World War II the travel and tourism industry has undergone a lot of changes the first International Congress of National Tourism Bodies was held in the year 1946, this was held in London. And this laid the foundation for the creation of international non-governmental organization. This was followed up with another meeting in the year 1947 which was held in Hague, and the temporary Headquarters of the organisation was located in London. This was followed in 1948 by the nationalisation of railways and the creation of the European Travel Commission. The first package holiday by air was offered to tourists in the year 1950. This was followed up the First jet liner which was launched in the year 1952 which greatly influenced the travel industry and experienced the outburst of travel growth and movement of tourists to and fro from different locations. In the year 1958 the first Being 707 jet service was launched and it created a big impact which enabled the tourists to travel to long distances and in shorter times. The next advancement in the European tourism was when the Hovercrafts were introduced in the English Channel which enabled the easy crossing of tourists from and to mainland Europe this was

launched in the year 1968. This was followed up with an act called the development of tourism act this was promulgated in the year 1969. The long haul Jumbo Jet Boeing 747 was launched in the year 1970 which enabled the travel to longer distances more comfortable and affordable was introduced. This was created in conjunction with the Pan am airlines which has assessed that the huge demand created by the influx of more tourists would require a bigger aircraft to increase the capacities and thereby deduct the load on the airports which would enable the replacement of short and small flights. Then in the year 1973 ATOL (Air Traffic Operators License) which was a protective scheme and it mandated that all the companies offering air holiday packages and flights in the United Kingdom are required to hold this license. This was specifically created to protect the concerns of the travellers who were paying up for the bookings and if there was a failure the same would not be addressed and hence the requirement was raised which ensured the protection of this customers. Incidentally, during the early setting up stages of the ATOL there has been a failure of the Court Line Group which included the second largest tour operator of the time it collapsed in the year 1974. And a lot of tourists were either stranded or were not able to travel due to the collapse of the company. Then the government responded by giving prompt response to protect to all the tourists and customers of the company and then in introduced the Air Travel Reserve Fund Act (1975). The following year saw the launch of Concorde which is considered to be a miracle at that time as it reduced the travel times on the North Atlantic flights by half. Then in the year 1992 the European commission Travel Legislation was introduced. Then the biggest achievement in the British Isles was achieved when the Euro Tunnel was finally connected with the mainland Europe. This paved the way for introduction of the Eurostar Train service which has created a faster easy way to travel across the English Channel. Then in the current century the launch of the A380 happened in the year 2006 which had the capacity to carry more number of passengers and on longer routes. As we have seen the history let us now understand the structure of the travel and tourism industry.

Main Sectors in the Travel and Tourism Industry

The main sectors in the travel industry can be classified into three different parts namely Public, Private and Voluntary Sectors. Let us understand these sectors in brief.

Public Sector
They are major groups who decide on the policy and guidance for the growth of the tourism sector in the United Kingdom. This is the government body which is responsible for supporting the British tourism industry. The role of this organisation is to work with the industry and provide the required amount of support.

National Parks Association

Just consider the case of the National Parks Association which works for the development of tourism by providing different options to the tourists to enjoy their time this in turn provides a livelihood to most people who reside in the surrounding areas of the parks and benefits the council also. The national parks association also conducts different activities like tourism impact survey, this activity gets the students to observe the students to have an idea of the impact tourism has on a particular area both negative and positive. This is carried out using a questionnaire and by observing the patterns of tourist activities in a given area. National Parks Association also conducts certain other activities like scenario playing to understand the needs and requirements of the tourists in which ever location they are visiting. These are the kind of services that are carried out by the support services in public sector. The structure of these organisations is to basically support them in the advancement of the tourism industry and to ensure sustainable growth of the industry from a long term perspective.

Private Sector
These agencies play an important role in the growth of the travel industry and are the front line that has direct interaction with the tourists. They form part of the

group that has a close understanding of the requirements of the tourists and plan their packages and advertise different tourist locations through their interactive communications methods like pamphlet advertising, online advertising in their websites.

National Lottery
The support services which form part of the private sector are the National Lottery, British Airports Authority and Travel Publishers they form part of the support services sector in the private domain as they provide the required support to the organisations with the extension of their infrastructure and the national lottery on its part supports the following four causes namely arts, heritage, sport, and the joint good cause of health, education, the environment and charitable expenditure. British Airports Authority on the other hand has been partnering with the local tourism boards to ensure the growth of this organisation and thereby derive the benefit of more travels by tourists its a mutual win-win situation for both. Hence, we can say that this support services provide the required funds and infrastructure for the development of the tourism industry from a private sector point of view. Hence, we can say that the structure of the support services in private sector for the development of tourism industry and they are basically the driving force behind the tourism sector.

Voluntary Sector
Voluntary sector consists of different bodies involved in the lobbying and being the force factors who work for the benefit of the tourism sector and the benefit of the respective associations they represent. They are namely National Parks Association, YHA (Youth Hostels Association), National Trust, ANTOR (Association of National Tourist Office Representatives), FTO (Federation of tour Operators), ATOC (Association of Train Operating Companies), Museums Association, UK Inbound Tourism, Tourism Concern and PSA (Passenger Shipping Association). Let us have a look at one of this organisation.

FTO: The vision of the Federation of Tour Operators (FTO) is to ensure the continued long term success of the air inclusive holiday by influencing governments and opinion formers on the benefits to consumers and other stakeholders of air inclusive holidays compared to other forms of holiday arrangements.

Factors affecting Consumer Choice in Choosing UK Destinations

The major factors that affect the travel and tourism industry are Weather conditions, Economic activity, health concerns, terrorism, Currency fluctuations, Let us understand each of them in brief. Climatic Conditions: Climatic Conditions play a major role in the travel and tourism industry as people would require more venues to decide on the travel depending on the weather conditions and the locations of their choice. The frequent changes which are observed of late had a major affect on the tourism and travel industry due to severe fluctuations in the temperature, which is preventing lot many people from moving and visiting different tourist locations.

Economic activity: The recent recession which was followed by severe job losses to many people had a knock out effect on travel and tourism in the United Kingdom as lot many people have stopped travelling and have started to adopt thrift measures to sustain this down turn. This has created a vacuum in the industry with lot of cancellations or no new bookings being received for the last twelve months. However, as the economy is lifting back to normalcy there are signs of some improvement which can be noticed in the travel and tourism industry as well, which are still small off shoots. However, they are a positive sign for the industry. Health Concerns: The other major concern faced by the industry is the issue of spread of health disasters like SARS, H1N1 Flu which severely affects the travel and tourism industry and bring a lot of resource curtailment due to this factor.

Currency Fluctuations: The changes in pound value have an impact on the travel and tourism industry as frequent fluctuations create instability and affects the planning activities of the tourists and also to an extent the tour operators as they would have factored in the current rate of pound and would have collected the cost of travel accordingly. However, the changes in the currency value would create a negative effect and would force the tourists / tour operators to adopt various methods or curtail their plans which would have a negative impact on the overall tourism industry. The other factors that are affecting the travel and tourism industry are the political and environmental factors. Let us have a look at how they impact the industry: Political Factors: Regional differences and policies adopted by the governments have a major impact on tourism industry like restrictions imposed on travel, visa regulations, tax policies and luxury taxes would discourage tourists from travel and hence would create less revenue. Hence, political factors play a key role in the growth of the industry. Environmental Factors: Environmental concerns are raising and tourists are becoming aware of the same, some places which are perceived to be non-environmental friendly are being dumped by the tourists as they do not want to visit or support such. On the positive side national parks authority has been relentlessly working towards the proper upkeep of its parks to ensure that both environment and the tourist industry can be sustained with equal importance. This is a classic example of how both should be integrated to ensure that the tourists can enjoy the beauty of the natural atmosphere even in case of huge travel to one location by tourists.

Tourism
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of

an activity remunerated from within the place visited". Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. In 2008, there were over 922 million international tourist arrivals, with a growth of 1.9% as compared to 2007. International tourism receipts grew to US$944 billion (euro 642 billion) in 2008, corresponding to an increase in real terms of 1.8%. As a result of the Late-2000s recession, international travel demand suffered a strong slowdown beginning in June 2008, with growth in international tourism arrivals worldwide falling to 2% during the boreal summer months, and this negative trend intensified as international tourist arrivals fell by 8% during the first four months of 2009. Tourism is vital for many countries, such as the U.A.E, Egypt, Greece and Thailand, and many island nations, such as The Bahamas, Fiji, Maldives and the Seychelles, due to the large intake of money for businesses with their goods and services and the opportunity for employment in the service industries associated with tourism. These service industries include transportation services, such as airlines, cruise ships and taxis, hospitality services, such as accommodations, including hotels and resorts, and entertainment venues, such as amusement parks, casinos, shopping malls, various music venues and the theatre. The United Nations classified three forms of tourism in 1994, in its "Recommendations on Tourism Statistics: Domestic tourism", which involves residents of the given country traveling only within this country; Inbound tourism, involving non-residents traveling in the given country; and Outbound tourism, involving residents traveling in another country.

Tourism as a Service industry

The tourism industry, and the products and services that fall under its wide umbrella, are complex indeed. There are a number of features that make it unique.

Tourism is a subjective experience and an amalgam of products and services not a single product * Tourism products, like all services, are intangible. A Harbour cruise, a stroll through a rainforest or a dinner at sunset are

intangibles. They cannot be seen, touched, felt or sampled before purchase. The selling of tourism is the selling of images. The Indian Tourist Commission in other countries does not sell tourism products, it sells what we may call a shifting generic image of India. * The tourism product is not a homogeneous product. We cannot standardize a service. Hotels attempt to standardize their room and service delivery as efficiently as possible through staff training and quality control procedures, but the human ingredient complicates the equation. As most services require interaction between the producer and consumer, each with their own set of expectations, it is highly unlikely that any product can ever be perceived equally by all customers. External factors can also affect the tourist experience. A bumpy flight can spoil an overseas trip and rain can ruin a Coast stay. * Tourism products are perishable. An unsold Park Grand hotel room, an unused aircraft seat and a vacant concert seat is revenue lost. They cannot be stored for later use, as can tangible products. Hence the prevalence of discounting in services exist. * This leads to the major problem confronting the tourism operator: namely, demand fluctuation. Tourism is perhaps more vulnerable than any other industry to seasonal fluctuations in demand. Demand fluctuation can be unseen, sometimes due to natural causes, others man-made. Acts of God include climate and natural disasters . Acts of Man include strikes (domestic pilots' strike) and international events (War) and murders (tourist murders).

Services
The principal services offered by the company are:

Destination Management Leisure Tourism Outbound, Inbound & Domestic Tourism Business Travel Incentive & Conference Solutions Domestic Holidays NRI Trade Fairs Foreign Exchange Insurance Visa Destination Management

COX & KINGS is India's market leader in destination management, with substantial competitive advantage in this business segment. Cox & Kings operates a range of group and individual tours to destinations throughout the Indian subcontinent for clients from all over the world.

Cox & Kings overseas is a renowned travel brand and an Indian subcontinent tour specialist and been quoted as one of the top 5 premium tour operators by 'Conde' Nast Traveller'. This division also provides specialist services to foreign participants visiting India for international meetings, conferences, ad hoc incentives and exhibitions and also caters for domestic conferences and corporate incentives. Ground related services to international cruise companies touching Indian shore with a provision of shore excursions are other leading activities of this division.

A destination management provides a ground service based on local knowledge of their given destinations. These services can be transportation, hotel

accommodation, restaurants, activities, excursions, conference venues, themed events, gala dinners and logistics, as well as helping with overcoming language

barriers. Destination management company (DMC) are able to provide preferential rates based on the buying power they have with their preferred suppliers.

A DMC is an incoming tour operator catering for both corporate and leisure clients. DMCs differ from tour operators in that DMCs do usually not deal directly with end-clients, but trade through agents, which may be tour operators.

LEISURE TOURISM

Outbound Tourism
Cox & Kings began a full-fledged in house tour operating activity by designing its own brochure product under exclusive arrangements with direct suppliers and local agents across the globe. Cox & Kings has been undertaking path-breaking initiatives to reach out to the travelers through innovative products. These include:

'Duniya Dekho' Holidays to Europe, USA, Far East, South Africa, Mauritius, Australia and New Zealand. For the "value for money" traveller.

Charges Under the Duniya Dekho Scheme-:

Name of Tour European Splendours Summer

Duration

Charges

Discount

19 D / 18 N INR 181,713 INR 54,514 Glimpse of Europe - Winter 07 D / 06 N INR 112,811 INR 56,406 American Splendours Summer 20 D / 19 N INR 247,450 ------Canadian Explorer Summer 13 D / 12 N INR 244,954 ------Malaysia & Singapore Summer 08 D / 07 N INR 107,950 INR 53,975 Orient & Magical Far East Summer 13 D / 12 N INR 135,550 INR 67,775 Amazing Australia Summer 13 D / 12 N INR 264,156 INR 132,078 Kiwi Surprise Summer 09 D / 08 N INR 139,214 ------Magical China Summer 11 D / 10 N INR 100,650 ------Dubai Delight Summer 04 D / 03 N INR 17,750 South African Adventure Summer 09 D / 08 N INR 105,000 -------------

FASCINATING FAR EAST WINTER SERIES

10 Days / 09 Nights Thailand | Malaysia | Singapore A great way to travel at a value Price! Enjoy happy holidays and happier memories with the best travel company in the world! Hotels offering First : Class services 3-star hotels Free time for shopping A Friend In Need - Our Tour Manager Indeed Price INR 65,500

DAY 01:Begin your tour | Arrive in Bangkok | Onto Pattaya | Alcazar Show Welcome to your Cox and Kings 'Fascinating Far East' tour. On arrival in Bangkok, you will be met by a local Cox and Kings representative and driven on a two and half hour drive to your hotel in Pattaya (check in after 1400 hrs). Tonight, visit the popular cabaret - the Alcazar Show and watch the dazzling performances. (D)

DAY 02 :-

In Pattaya | Coral Island by Speedboat | Visit Nong Nooch Village Skip along the aqua blue ocean to Coral Island in a speedboat, where you will be amazed at the view of the beautiful marine life and coral formations from a glass bottomed boat, the perfect way to admire the stunning underwater beauty. Later, visit Nong Nooch Village, where spectacular tropical gardens flourish in a distinct Thai setting. Enjoy the traditional dance performances and the unique elephant show. Sample the distinct nature, adventure and culture of Thailand, all in the space of a single day! (B, L, D)

DAY 03:Onto Bangkok | Visit the Gems Gallery | Guided City and Temples Tour | Siam Niramit Show This morning, enroute to Bangkok, stop at the Gems Gallery - the largest jewellery store in the world. On arrival in Bangkok, proceed on a guided city tour and visit the magnificent Golden Buddha Temple and Reclining Buddha Temple. Later, check into your hotel (check in after 1400 hours). In the evening transverse back in the time at the Siam Niramit Show (B, L, D)

DAY 04:In Bangkok | Visit Safari World and Marine Park Today, after a sumptuous breakfast, visit Safari World and Marine Park, the abode of thousands of rare species, which form the highlight of the day. Hold your breath as you drive through the splendid African designed landscapes of the Animal Kingdom to see hundreds of animals from all over the world. At the Marine Park you see the white tiger exhibit, visit adventure island or catch one of the many exciting shows. Applaud your way through the Dolphin Show and Sea Lion Show or the water skiing show. It's a fun-day outing. (B, L, D)

DAY 05:Fly to Kuala Lumpur | City tour The next part of your fascinating experience unfolds as you are transferred to the airport for your flight to Kuala Lumpur, the bustling capital of Malaysia. On arrival proceed for the guided panoramic city tour of Kuala Lumpur to get a closer look at

Kuala Lumpur's most famous landmarks, like the King's Palace, National Monument, National Mosque, Jamed Mosque, Merdeka Square and National Museum. Admire Malaysia's most renowned structure, the world famous Petronas Twin Towers and enjoy a photo stop. Evening is free to shop or relax. Dinner and overnight in Kuala Lumpur (B, D)

DAY 06:-

Excursion to Genting Highlands | Genting Outdoor & Indoor Theme Park Today we have planned an excursion for you to Genting Highlands. This day is a day of fun and adventure for the entire family at the ever-popular Genting Outdoor & Indoor Theme Park. The heart-stopping roller coaster and spectacular rides make both young and old screech with delight. In the evening you will be transferred back to Kuala Lumpur. Overnight in Kuala Lumpur. (B, L, D)

DAY 07:-

Enroute Malacca | onto Singapore Today, we proceed to Singapore by road, Enroute We do panoramic city tour of Malacca. We will stop at Hindu temple for worship. A little shopping time. Later proceed to Singapore, the land of diversity. On arrival in Singapore, our local representative will meet you to your hotel (check in after 1400 hours).The evening is free for leisure. (B, L, D)

DAY 08:-

In Singapore | Universal Studios Here comes your way the highlight of our tour, the Universal Studios - the region's first and only Hollywood movie theme park. With 24 rides and attractions based on Hollywood blockbusters, the theme park has something for all age groups and all kinds of visitors.

Let your adrenalin rush at the world's tallest pair of dueling roller coasters called the Battlestar Galactica. Enter the first castle from the world of Shrek at Far Away Castle, one of the largest theme park castles in Asia. Experience the world's first ride based on the blockbuster film - Madagascar. Next, action comes surging to life in a tidalwave of death defying stunts, awesome explosions and an ocean of thrills at the Water world. Escape from the terrifying jaws of a hungry T-Rex at the Jurassic Park Rapids Adventure. Experience Hollywood Boulevard, the centre of the entertainment universe, and stroll down the famous walk of Fame or enjoy classic American

favorites at Mel's Drive-In. Get mesmerized at the collections of dining and shopping outlets framed by dynamic architecture. The day is to ride the movies in a Hollywood movie theme park like no other. (B, D)

DAY 09:Singapore | Guided Panoramic City tour of Singapore | Sentosa Island with Underwater World, Dolphin Lagoon, Merlion Walk and the Sensational 'Songs of the Sea' Show Today, proceed on a guided panoramic city tour driving past the City Hall, Parliament House, the Tower-like Westin Stamford Hotel and Mount Faber. Later this afternoon we take you to Sentosa Island. Visit the Underwater World, Asia's most popular oceanarium and home to more than 2,500 marine animals. Delight yourself at the Dolphin Lagoon and get a rare opportunity to interact with the charming pink dolphins. We wrap up the evening with the 'Songs of the Sea' Show, which is a spectacular display of light and sound show. (B, L, D)

DAY 10:-

Homeward Bound Good times need never end! As you get ready for the airport and your flight back home, relive the high points of your Cox and Kings 'Fascinating Far East' tour. We are confident you will join us again, sometime soon.... (B either in the hotel or on board the flight)

'FlexiHols' is a concept in holidaying where the traveller enjoys all the comforts and convenience of a planned holiday but at a pace & price that is set by him. This is targeted at the more discerning Free Individual Traveller. Luxury Escapades - It takes a travel company that has been round for two hundred years, to know everything about royal treatment. Cox & Kings rolls out a whole new concept in Holidays - Luxury Escapades. Spoil yourself. Get pampered rotten. Holiday like a king. Join us as we unveil country after country laced with sinful indulgence and fine living. The finest luxury hotels in the world to the most exclusive entertainment experiences await you. Cox & Kings also represents and retails many international third party products including Cosmos, Rail Europe, Silver sea Cruises, Star Cruise, and Escorted Tours to USA etc. NRI - The NRI Division of Cox & Kings caters to the Non Resident Indians who would like to travel around the world with Indian families. Cox & Kings organizes

special tours for these families where the NRI community would like to travel with like-minded families across the world. Duniya Dekho & FIT Packages Segment by this division.

INBOUND TOURISM
Inbound Travel business promotes India as a tourist destination. The company caters primarily to the high-end segment of the inbound market and conducts a range of group and individual tours throughout India for its clients from across the world. We provide destination management services and cover all aspects of ground tour management such as hotel bookings, air/ rail ticketing, roundtrip, airport transfer, land arrangements, excursion planning, meet and greet services, event planning, meetings and appointments, conference management, private air charter, etc. We also provide specialised services to foreign participants visiting India for international meetings, conferences, ad hoc incentives and exhibitions and cater to domestic conferences and corporate incentives as well. Additionally, we provide ground related services to international cruise companies touching Indian shores with a provision for shore excursions. This segment is growing at close to 25 per cent.

Domestic Holidays India with its large domestic consumer offers Cox & Kings a unique opportunity to launch its portfolio of 'domestic holidays' for people resident in India. Launched in 2000, 'Bharat Dekho' (see India) is today's leading 'branded' product in the country with a wide range of 'Indian Holidays' from cultural holidays, pilgrim holidays, wildlife holidays, honeymoon tours, weekend getaways, customized FIT Tours to nature trails, Bharat Dekho has captured over 50% of the domestic market. Some of the Tours offered under Bharat Dekho are-: Name of Tour Duration Charges (Per Person) Nainital, Mukteshwar , Binsar & Corbett Delhi, Agra & Jaipur 05D / 04N INR 13068 INR 11041 08D / 07N INR 22627

Srinagar, Sonamarg 05D / 04N & Gulmarg Kathmandu Pokhara Srinagar, Sonamarg, 06D / 05N Gulmarg Pahalgam Chandigarh, Panchkula, Manali, 08D / 07N & & 06D / 05N

INR 16800

INR 13401

INR 17046

Shimla & Kullu Srinagar, Sonamarg, 07D / 06N Gulmarg Pahalgam Delhi, Jaipur, Agra 07D / 06N & Gwalior INR 17848 & INR 15851

FOREIGN EXCHANGE
Cox & Kings is amongst the leading retail forex dealers in the country. We were one of the first travel companies to be granted the license as the Authorised Dealer - Category II under the new licensing regime. The enhancement of status from FFMC to Authorised Dealer - Category II opened a wide spectrum of activities which we can undertake; foremost among them is the ability to transact outward remittance requirements. The remittances or other exchange facilities for students pursuing studies abroad, medical treatment overseas, migrant travellers, salary and wages to crews on ships visiting in India, subscriptions for overseas publications, seminars, organizations membership are some of the new businesses which we can undertake in addition to providing foreign exchange service to Leisure Travellers and Corporate / Business Travellers. This places Cox & Kings in league with Authorized Dealers like Foreign Exchange Nominated Banks to cater to the requirements of a whole host of customers. It works with more than 100 corporate clients and caters to its large leisure base. Travel Insurance Policies for Leisure Domestic as well as International Travel and special Corporate Deals on Insurance covering an array of specialized travel areas, some of which are:

Loss of baggage (checked) Bounced Hotel / Airline Bookings Missed connections Personal Accident Trip Cancellation due to hospitalisation, death or curfew.

History of the Indian Tourism

Tourism industry in India is on a great boom at the moment India has become a major global tourist destination and Indian tourism industry is exploiting this potential to the hilt. Travel and tourism industry is the second highest foreign exchange earner for India, and the government has given travel & tourism organizations export house status.

The Indian tourism industry can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the tremendous growth of Indian economy has resulted in more disposable income in the hands of middle class, thereby prompting increasingly large number of people to spend money on vacations abroad or at home. Secondly, India is a booming IT hub and more and more people are coming to India on business trips. Thirdly, aggressive advertising campaign "Incredible India" by Tourism Ministry has played a major role in changing the image of India from that of the land of snake charmers to a hot and happening place and has sparked renewed interest among foreign travelers.

Travel & tourism industry's contribution to Indian industry is immense. Tourism is one of the main foreign exchange earners and contributes to the economy indirectly through its linkages with other sectors like horticulture, agriculture, poultry, handicrafts and construction. Tourism industry also provides employment to millions of people in India both directly and indirectly through its linkage with other sectors of the economy. According to an estimate total direct employment in the tourism sector is around 20 million. Travel & tourism industry in India is marked by considerable government presence. Each state has a tourism corporation, which runs a chain of hotels/ guest houses and

operates package tours, while the central government runs the India Tourism Development Corporation. The policy is built around the 7-S Mantra

Swaagat (welcome), Soochanaa (information), Suvidhaa (facilitation), Surakshaa (security), Sahyog (cooperation), Sanrachnaa (infrastructure) Safaai (cleanliness).

Some of the salient features of the Tourism Policy are:

The policy proposes the inclusion of tourism in the concurrent list of the Constitution to enable both the central and state governments to participate in the development of the sector. No approval required for foreign equity of up to 51 per cent in tourism projects. NRI investment up to 100% allowed. Automatic approval for Technology agreements in the hotel industry, subject to the fulfillment of certain specified parameters. Concession rates on customs duty of 25% for goods that are required for initial setting up, or for substantial expansion of hotels. 50% of profits derived by hotels, travel agents and tour operators in foreign exchange are exempt

 from income tax. The remaining profits are also exempt if reinvested in a tourism related project.

Types of Tourism
All types of tourism in India have registered phenomenal growth in the last decade ever since the Indian government decided to boost revenues from the tourism sector by projecting India as the ultimate tourist spot. The reason why India has been doing well in all types of tourism in India India has always been known for its hospitality, uniqueness, and charm attributes that have been attracting foreign travelers to India in hordes

The different types of tourism in India: Heritage Tourism

India has always been famous for its rich heritage and ancient culture. Indias glorious past and cultural diversity make a potent blend which attracts millions of tourists each year to its heritage tourist attractions India's rich heritage is amply reflected in the various temples, palaces, monuments, and forts that can be found everywhere in the country The most popular heritage tourism destinations in India are: Taj Mahal in Agra Mandawa castle in Rajasthan Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu Madurai in Tamil Nadu Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh

Delhi, the Indian capital

Ecotourism
Ecotourism entails traveling to places that are renowned for their natural beauty and social culture, while making sure not to damage the ecological balance. Eco-tourists have been thronging India in large numbers for it has a rich source of flora and fauna. A great number of endangered and rare species are also to be found in the various national parks in India.

The major national parks in India for ecotourism are:

Corbett National Park in Uttar Pradesh Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh Kanha National Park in Madhya Pradesh Gir National Park and Sanctuary in Gujarat Ranthambore National Park in Rajasthan

Adventure Tourism
Adventure tourism is recently growing in India. tourists prefer to go for trekking to places like Ladakh, Sikkim and Himalaya. Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir are popular for the skiing facilities they offer. Whitewater rafting is also catching on in India and tourists flock to places such as Uttranchal, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh for this adrenalin-packed activity.

Wildlife Tourism
India has a rich forest cover which has some beautiful and exotic species of wildlife, The places where a foreign tourist can go for wildlife tourism in India are the Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary, Keoladeo Ghana National Park, and Corbett National Park.

Pilgrimage Tourism
India is probably the ultimate destination of all kinds of pilgrims following any faith around the world. he great religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, Christianity and Sikhism are the integral part of Indian culture and heritage whose values and faiths are mingled with the air, soil and the sky of India

Famous Pilgrimage & places in India

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ajmer Pushkar Haridwar Amarnath Badrinath Gangotri Kedarnath Yamunotri Chardham Yatra Rishikesh Manikaran Paonta Sahib Rewalsar Omkareshwar Ajmer Sharief Rameswaram Mathura Vrindavan Puri Guruvayur Shirdi Saibaba Amarnath Cave Vaishno Devi Jagannath Temple

. .

Konark Sun Temple Tirupati Temple

Pilgrimage Places
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Himachal Pradesh Rajasthan Uttranchal Kerala Maharashtra Tamil Nadu Jammu And Kashmir Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Temples Mosques

Last five year history of Indian Tourism Industry

Jan 8, 2004 - With the travel industry going great guns, religious sojourns seem to be the latest flavour and according to tour operators like Thomas Cook, Coxs & Kings, Sita (Kuoni) India, this season has witnessed a number of inquires for specific religious tours from overseas traveler, foreign tourists spent around US$ 15.4 billion during their trips to India. Being a country with tremendous diversity, India has a lot to offer in terms of tourism and related activities. Jan 10, 2005 - The tsunami tragedy, which has destroy the tourism activity of countries like Sri Lanka and Maldives, will not lead to a crisis for Indian tourism, according to the industry. Subhash Goyal, president, Indian Association of Tour Operators Jun 28, 2006 - A 2-day meet on Overseas Marketing of Indian tourism will begin tomorrow at New Delhi under the aegis of Ministry of Tourism. Apart from Heads of Overseas offices of India Tourism, various stakeholders in travel industry will participate in the 2-day Meet and will have a review of Tourism Feb 2, 2007 - "These numbers also include the non-resident Indians that make more than one trip to India every year. That should not be counted as growth in tourism. We are way behind other countries. A small place like Macao registered 21.99 million tourist arrivals in 2006," Nov 10, 2008 - Global tourism industry has witnessed a notable shift towards emerging markets including India, India was featured in six segments such as-authenticity, history, art and culture, value for money, most impressive last year

Foreign Tourist Arrivals In India, 1996 - 2006

Source : (secondary data) Foreign Tourist Arrivals In India, 1996 2006

Source : secondary data

Top 10 Source Countries for Foreign Tourist Arrivals to India in 2006.

Source : secondary data Percentage Share of Top 10 Source Countries for Foreign Tourist Arrivals to India in 2006

Source : secondary data

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To know how to sell your products, tour packages in tourism industry and in corporate sector

To understand what customer wants in their trips, events and meetings and how to organize or modify according to there choice and taste for the customers.

To know very new ideas to selling their products in market

Scope of study

When I was working there as a trainee in COUNTRY ROADS HOSPITALITY, there was a limitation for us that we cant able to meet all the customers (e xisting and new) from Delhi & NCR only, and we have to complete our project within a period of six weeks from 0900 hrs to 1830 hrs. We had limited area there for practically research and completing our project

SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project on Travel Agency Management system is projected to make the travel of the people easy. The people of the world can book the ticket of the flight from anywhere around the world through Internet. The clients can choose rooms in the hotels they desire. The clients can get information about the flights. This project helps in the management of the software applicable to the tours and Travel agency. This project hopes to serve the clients with full efficiency as it saves their time and money. Smooth running of the project is advantageous to the Travel Agencies

OBJECTIVES

The objective of this project is to build an interactive web site to replace file based database making it easier for its client and staff to find information required efficiently. The aim of this project is make user friendly and informative web base application. This project is aimed to reach the following goals User friendly interface for the client, staff. Clients can browse through different range of rooms, availability, type of room, range of flight, type of flight, availability Staff can communicate with client and private owner through medium like email.

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Booking the ticket is a tedious job if the client has not choosen the right agency. The client has to go to many places to find the right travel agency, if the client has no idea about the place where he is travelling then he might be in lot of trouble which the client might not want to face. To overcome this we have designed this web based application in which the client can get information and book the tickets of the desired flights and also reserve the rooms in the hotels according to the need of the clients.

STRATEGIES TO REACH CUSTOMER

Marketing Strategy
Online and Offline Medium is used for the marketing of Cox & Kings Products and to create the brand awareness and reach out to the clients. National Level as well as Regional Marketing Campaigns is adopted for creating the Cox & Kings brand awareness.

Offline Strategy
The offline marketing of cox & kings include the following-: 1) Franchisee 2) Cox and Kings offices 3) GSA/PSA

i)

Franchisee
A franchise is a business arrangement where the owner Cox & Kings (the franchisor) of a business concept grants you (the franchisee) the licensed right to own and operate a business based on the franchisors business concept, using its trademark. The franchisor helps you (the franchisee) start your business, providing training, assistance with, site development and ordering inventory, advertising and marketing support.

A travel franchise offers you the chance to be your own boss, while operating under the security of an established brand.

As a travel franchise you could see healthy profits like any established travel company without spending years concentrating on building your own brand to compete with the big boys in the industry.

ii) Cox & Kings offices

The another strategy that cox & kings adopt is the marketing or selling or offering their services through their branch offices which are located in almost major cities in India.

iii)

GSA/PSA

A General Sales Agent (GSA) is a sales representative for a tourism industry in a specific country or region. Typically, the GSA is responsible for selling all products of the country in its region which includes everything. When a company selects a GSA as its sales representative for a region, as opposed to opening its own branch, it generally does so for economic reasons or because the GSA has historical ties with travel and cargo agents which will be too time-consuming for the company to build itself. Cox & Kings has Strong GSA/PSA network which strengthen its marketing strategy.

Online strategy
Cox & Kings today deploys highest information technology platform in the Indian Travel Industry. It has developed totally integrated front, mid and back office solutions. This has brought about huge cost savings for the organisation, thus managing to offer 'quality' service to its customers at a great cost savings. Imagine when customer book a ticket they first go on to a Central Reservation System (CRS). Next, they have to log into another system for a hotel from 'X' supplier, then into another system to compare the rates with 'Y' supplier. Finally they have to physically capture all this information and print that data

With the Cox & Kings advantage, life is a lot simpler. Now with their online access system, customer can complete all your processes using just one window - just one simple booking system. Cox & Kings will also ensure that the most comprehensive IT Software is put into place so they have everything they need. Cox & Kings has developed an online portal, which is a web enabled dynamic system that includes holidays, sightseeing, cars, hotels, transfers, insurance and other ancillary travel services. Most of the products and services are available on a real time basis and is backed by a 24x7 call centre. With the company's online access system, one can complete all processes using just one window, just one simple booking system.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The idea of the project is simple and straightforward. A combination of database, web page and form, will be use to construct this project. SQL Server will be used for storing the database and for online reservation, SQL Server has good environment for database and is widely in use. Networking is very simple to implement in SQL. Webpage and form will be built with the help of PHP. It has user friendly environment where we can drag and drop the item needed for the development of webpage and form directly from the tool bar. This helps to minimize the time for the completion of the project. The library function provided in SQL and PHP will be helpful for coding the program.

FINDINGS

In COUNTRY ROADS HOSPIATALITY we were in basically with corporate sector as a trainee Our company deals with corporate sector only, Now its moving to individual traveler

Our company find data from the net (contacts & name of the company) which is new for our company Our next approach was calling to new clients and find out the concerns person and them about our companys business and Try to fix meetings and exchange their business to each other from new clients. When we called to the clients, At that time Response from the clients was not same

There are too many responses which I got from the customer: . . . . . . . I am not interested, Mail your companys profile I will check it, Call me tomorrow Ill back to you We have own event management Firms & travel agents Our company never organize these types of events & trips & few positive responses also.

Then we fix meetings with the customers, meet them and then explain our services We always organize meetings, gala evening and these types of events according to customer demand and their taste what they want to do. We make tour packages, presentations, Itineraries there with the help of our seniors and previous files

RECOMMENDATIONS

They should improve their Ideas, packages Itineraries an attractive offers according as per customer demand to grow their image in the tourism market They should improve their staff member, they have to improve way of talking (How to introduce their self & companies profile to new customer) They should improve their infrastructure for meetings in their own office They should publish there itineraries new packages on internet to get more business from new customers They should improve their advertisement style and try to publish their products in market in a new style They should modify there website, their packages on website information regarding tourism time to time with new innovative ideas They should move to travel consultant to travel agent it will make lil more profit to their company

By analyzing all the proceeds we can conclude that the travel & tourism industry is a service sector where all marketing techniques are used. So for running a successful travel & tourism company an organization must have appropriate marketing techniques to satisfy their potential customers.

KESARI World Class Travel Company & RAJ Travel World both are doing well to satisfy their customers in respect to service marketing mix. Usually, both company states that they need not keep any hidden cost. Further their management is well designed with professionals to manage the tours.

As per our reading, RAJ Travel World has a lower market as compare to KESARI World Class Travel Company. Also, RAJ Travel World does not have much domestic packages which KESARI World Class Travel Company provides. KESARI World Class Travel Company commands lots of terms & conditions and also not provides money back system on cancellation of tour which RAJ Travel World do (under a scheme-the discounted money will be carry forward in next trip which a tourist does within a year.)

BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.coxandkings.co.in www.wikipedia.org www.financialexpress.com www.google.com www.thehindubusinessline.com www.tribuneindia.com www.icmrindia.org

REFERENCES

World Tourism Organization, About UNWTO http://www.unwto.org/aboutwto/his/en/his.php?op=5

Civil Aviation Authority, History of ATOL http://www.caa.co.uk/default.aspx?catid=1080&pagetype=90&pageid=6494

Civil Aviation Authority, About the CAA http://www.caa.co.uk/default.aspx?catid=286

ATOC, About ATOC http://www.atoc.org/about-atoc

FTO, What does FTO do? http://www.fto.co.uk/about-fto/what-does-fto-do/

ANTOR, About Us http://www.antor.com/about_us/

Westdorset, Overview of factors affecting Tourism in the UK http://www.westdorset.com/xsdbimgs/Overview_of_factors_affecting_Tourism_in_th e_UK_2007.pdf Naturenet, Impacts of tourism, http://www.naturenet.net/education/tourism.html