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Introduction
Pizhong Qiao (Chiao), Ph.D., P.E., SECB Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164-2910 Phone: (509) 335-5183; Fax: (509) 335-7632 Email: Qiao@wsu.edu
Natural Composites: Wood: Cellulose fibers + lignin matrix Bone and Bamboo etc. Synthetic Composites: Tire: steel or polymer fiber + rubber matrix Fiberglass (e.g., boats): Chopped fibers + polyester Fiber-reinforced Plastic (FRP) composites: panels, beams, columns Hybrid Composites: Wood or concrete wrapped with polymer composites Wood beams reinforced with FRP plates on the tension side Sandwich structure (face sheets with wood core)
Fibrous composite
Particulate composite
Typical values for a laminate with stitched E-Glass fabric and Polyester resin (*** See Table 1.2, p. 10 in the book ***)
FRP shapes
Marine pilings
1.6 COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURE Two most popular applications of FRP in Civil Infrastructure: High-performance FRP highway bridge decks (replacement of deteriorated concrete or wood decks and new deck construction) Retrofitting and rehabilitation of concrete structures with FRP composite (externally wrapping of concrete with FRPs)