JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

C!A"TER 8: E#ECTROMAGNETI$M
8.1: MAGNETIC EFFECT OF A CURRENT-CARRYING CONDUCTOR Electromagnets 1. Conductor is a material that can flow .. 2. Electromagnetism is the study of the relationship between .and .. 3. . are produced by electrically charged objects. 4. A ar magnet produces the around it. raw the pattern of the magnetic fields produced around a bar magnet below !. "how the deflection of the pointer of the compasses .

'

"

#. $agnetic fields also can be produce by an electric current in a wire. %. Electromagnet is a magnet. &t is made by winding a coil of insulated wire round a soft iron core.

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

(. )sing the diagram* complete the steps to switch on the magnetism effect.

"oft iron core switch &nsulated wire switch

"oft iron core

C supply

C supply

&nsulated wire

pins

pins

"witch is closed

Magnet%c F%el& &'e to a C'rrent %n $tra%g(t )%re 1. )sing R%g(t-(an& Gr%* r'le* draw the direction of current flows and pattern of magnetic fields formed

2. +ight,hand -rip +ule states that the t('m of the right hand points to the direction of current flow and the other +o'r c'rle& +%ngers points to direction of its .

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

3.

raw the same patterns from the top .iews as follows together with the direction shown by the compasses.

$eans that a wire carrying current .. the plane of paper $eans that a wire carrying current ... of the plane of paper E,erc%se 8.1 1. /wo small plotting compasses 0 and 1 are placed near a long straight wire carrying a current as shown.

"how the directions shown by the pointers of the compasses

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

4. &n the diagram below* the compasses are put 'n&er the conductor. raw the direction shown by compasses and what happen if the compasses are put on the conductor2

Magnet%c F%el& &'e to a C'rrent %n a C%rc'lar Co%l !. raw the direction of current flows and pattern of magnetic fields formed.

#. /he direction of magnetic field also can be determine using the R%g(t-!an& Gr%* R'le.

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

Magnet%c F%el& &'e to a C'rrent %n a $oleno%& %. $oleno%& is combination of coils of wire wounded around on some surface or wounded around an iron core. (. raw the direction of current flows* pattern of magnetic fields formed and direction by the compasses. 3. /o chec4 the poles formed* see from beside of the solenoid. &f the current flow is cloc./%se* the polarity on that side is but* if the current flow is ant%-cloc./%se* the polarity on that side is

Factors t(at a++ects t(e strengt( o+ an electromagnet 15. /o study this* we need to carry out e6periments as follows. /he higher the number of paper clips attracted to the solenoid shows the ...the strength of that electromagnet.

Iron core Paper clips

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

Manipulated 'umber of turns /ypes of core

Responding 'umber of paper clips attracted 'umber of paper clips attracted

Fixed Current* types of core 'umber of turns* types of core

Factors t(at a++ects t(e strengt( o+ an electromagnet 11. As a conclusion* fill the table below Factors 'umber of turns Electric current )se of normal iron,core )se of soft,iron core Conditions Number o paper clips attracted ! ects on the strength o electromagnetic ields

"nil"

A**l%cat%ons o+ Electromagnet 12. /here are many applications of electromagnets. 7abel and describe the figure of each apparatus stated in the table below with its simple wor4,frame. 1) Electric bells switch 1. 2. 3.

4. 1. !. 2.

2) Electromagnetic Relays

3.

#4.

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

to

3) Telephone earpieces 1. 2.

3.

4. !.

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

01 C%rc'%t rea.ers &ts operate as 1.

2. 3. 4.

from

to

21 #%+t%ng Magnet &ts function to 1. 2.

3. 4.

3.

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

E,erc%se 8.1.3 1. A magnetic field is produced by the current in a long straight wire. /he strength of the magnetic field increases if. A 8 C /he magnitude of the current increases /he distance from the wire increases /he length of the wire increases

2. 9hich of the following is tr'e about the magnetic field produced by a current in a flat circular coil2. A 8 C &t is uniform inside the coil &t is the wea4est at the centre &t is the strongest at the centre /here is no magnetic field outside the coil 3. 9hat is the effect of placing a piece of soft iron core inside a solenoid carrying current2 A 8 C /he resistance of the solenoid decreases /he current in the solenoid increases /he magnetic field becomes stronger

4. An electromagnet is used in these apparatus e,ce*t A 8 C a compass an a.c dynamo a mo.ing coil ammeter a telephone earpiece !. 9hich electromagnet is the strongest2 A 8 :2;, C :4;,

:2;,

:4;,

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

4.3: Force Act%ng on a C'rrent-carr5%ng Con&'ctor %n a Magnet%c F%el&s 1. &f a current,carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic fields as shown in the e6periment* the conductor will e6periences a ..

Magnet C-Shape iron

Freely conductor Long conductor

Power Supply

2.

raw the combination <called catapult ield= of two electromagnetic fields below and show the direction of mo.ement of the conductor.

3. Flem%ng6s le+t-(an& r'le can be use to determine the direction of the force acting or the motion of the conductor.

F%rst F%nger <

T('m

<

=
N

Centre F%nger <

15

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

E++ect o+ T/o "arallel C'rrent-carr5%ng Co%ls %n a Magnet%c F%el& 4. &f two current,carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic fields as shown in the e6periment* the conductor will e6perience or .. force between them. !. Complete the diagram for current with o**os%te direction flows in two parallel conductor below>

/he two conductor will .. to each other #. Complete the diagram for current with same direction flows in two parallel conductor below>

11

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

/he two conductor will .. to each other T'rn%ng E++ect o+ a C'rrent-carr5%ng Co%l %n a Magnet%c F%el& %. Consider a current,carrying coil A8C placed between the poles magnet as shown in the figure below. (. As the current flows through the coil from A to * an .:::::.. <1= force acts on the arm C whereas a ::::::::: <3= force acts on the arms A8 according to ?leming@s 7eft Aand rule. N Coil $ 9 2 3 $agnet current D C

1 4 A

12

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

3.

raw the catapult filed formed and draw arrows to show the mo.ement of arms A8 and C .

A8

D%rect C'rrent Motor 15. Complete the four stages of the motion of C motor below
N

Coil
$

A
current

1 9 3 2 D

egree > Current flow > Bes C 'o ... Arm A8 > . Arm C > +otation > . egree >

N $

Current flow > Bes C 'o ..... Arm A8 > . 13 Arm C > +otation > .

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

current

N $

egree > Current flow > Bes C 'o ..... Arm A8 > .

current

Arm C > +otation >

Coil
$

egree > Current flow > Bes C 'o .....

current

Arm A8 > . Arm C > +otation > .

Com*ar%son /%t( Alternat%ng C'rrent Motor 11. Complete the diagram of AC motor below>

14

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

a.c supply

Factors t(at a++ect t(e s*ee& o+ rotat%on o+ an electr%c motor 12. /he magnitude of force acting on a conductor in a magnetic increases by> i. &ncreasing the current flow ii. "tronger magnet used 13. &n conclusion* the speed of rotation of the coil also can increased by> i. ii. iii. .

Mo;%ng Co%l Ammeter

1!

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

E,erc%se 8.3 1. /he motion of a conductor carrying current in an magnetic fields can be determine by A +ight hand -rip +ule 8 ?leming@s +ight Aand +ule C ?leming@s 7eft Aand +ule irection of current flow 2. ' A current carrying wire is in between the poles of a magnet. /he direction of the force on the wire is A 'orth "outh 8 East 9est C

'

"

1#

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

3. /wo parallel wires are carrying eDual currents in opposite directions. 9hich diagram shows the forces ? on the wires2 A 8 ? ? C ? ? ? ? ? ?

A 8 C

the hair spring is harder the magnet is stronger the scale is shorter #. Choose the best pattern formed.

4. /he function of the commutator in a d.c. motor is A 8 C to re.erse the current in the coil at to enable the coil to be in electrical to pre.ent the wires from entangling !. A mo.ing coil,ammeter is less sensiti.e if 4.4: Electromagnet%c In&'ct%on e.ery half rotation contact with carbon brushes

1. As we 4now* a steady magnetic field can be produced by a or . 2. 9hen we mo.e a coil without any current flow is in a magnetic field* an %n&'ce& e.m.+ <electromoti.e force= is produced. 3. An flows through the conductor and this phenomenon called 4. "o* electromagnetic induction reDuires relat%;e mot%on between magnet and the coil to produce an induced current.

1%

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

!. Complete the table below as e6periment data for the diagram below> In&'ce& e.m.+ 5 a mo;%ng con&'ctor

!ction /he wire is mo.ed upwards /he wire is mo.ed downwards /he wire is mo.e horiEontally $agnet is mo.ed upwards

#bsera$tion -al.anometer deflect to left

%n erence

#. Flem%ng6s R%g(t-(an& r'le can be use to determine the direction of the induction current produced. T('m < =

F%rst +%nger <

Center +%nger <

1(

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

In&'ce& e.m.+ 5 co%l

#en<6s #a/ %. 7enE@s 7aw also can be use to determine the direction of induced current produced. (. #en<6s #a/ states that the direction of the induced e.m.f is such that its magnetic effects always .the change producing.

13

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

9hen the ' pole is mo.ed towards the coil* end of coil becomes :::.. ::::::: Fara&a56s #a/ o+ electromagnet%c %n&'ct%on

9hen the ' pole mo.ed away from the coil* end of coil becomes ..

3. ?araday@s 7aw states that the magnitude of the induced e.m.f. is .. to the rate of change of magnetic flu6 e6perienced by the conductor. 15. /he magnitude of the e.m.f in a wire increases when> i. ii. . iii. ... 11. /he magnitude of the e.m.f in a coil increases when> i. . ii. . iii. ....

A**l%cat%ons o+ electromagnet%c %n&'ct%on

25

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

12. A generator is basically the in.erse of a motor. /here are many coils of wire wound that can rotate in a magnetic field. /he a6le is turned by some mechanical such as ..* . or wind turbine. 13. /he dc generator and ac generator ma4e use of electromagnetic induction to produce

DC Generator

21

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

14. raw the graph of output current from the dc generator abo.e.

9hen coils is at its horiEontal position ...........................

9hen coils is at its .ertical position ..

22

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

AC Generator 1!. raw the graph of output current from the ac generator abo.e

1#. /he magnitude of the output .oltage increases when> i.. . .. . .i. ....

23

 'o changes 9hen coils is at ofits magnetic .ertical flu6 position

.. 'o e.m.f isJPN induced Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

9hen coils is at its horiEontal position ...........................

9hen coils is at its .ertical position 24 ..

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

Alternat%ng an& &%rect c'rrent =a.c>&.c1 1%. Complete the table of comparison below. AC C'rrent &raphs Current* &CA Current* &CA /ime* tCs DC C'rrent

/ime* tCs

Current* &CA

Current* &CA

/ime* tCs

/ime* tCs

'irection

1. 2. 3.

Examples o sources and symbols 1. 2. 3.

2!

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

E,erc%se 8.4 1. 9hich of the following is an e6ample of induced magnetism2 A. A compass needle pointing north 8. A north pole attracting iron fillings C. A north pole repelling a north pole . A coil of a motor tuning in magnetic field 2. 3.

/he diagram shows a coil in magnetic field. &f we want to ma4e a a.c generator* what should to be connected to F and B2 A. d.c. supply 8. "lips rings C. "oft,iron core . "plit rings commutator

4. 9hich of the following represent the output .oltage of an a.c generator2 A.

8.

C.

2#

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

4.0: Trans+ormers 1. &n $alaysia* our electricity for domestic supplied at a .oltage of a.c. 2. Aowe.er* most of home appliances at home use lower than or higer than 245;. 3. /ransformers are found in many de.ices such as .* .* .. and etc. 4. /he main use of transformer is to con.ert . AC ;oltage to . one or .ice,.ersa. O*erat%ng *r%nc%*le o+ a trans+ormer !. Complete the diagram below

#. 9hen an alternating current flows in primary coil* and .. is produced in the soft iron core. %. $agnetic flu6 lin4age to . coil and will cut the magnetic fields lines. (. /he secondary coil e6periences the rate of change of magnetic field and . is induced in secondary coil. <induced e(m( = 2%

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

3. 9hen the current in primary coil decreases* the magnetic field will and again cut the secondary coil. 15. An e.mf acting in the opposite direction is induced in the secondary coil. 11. Aence* an .. of the same freDuency is induced in the secondary coil. 12. /he output .oltage is depends on the . of number of turns of primary and secondary coils. $te*-'* an& ste*-&o/n trans+ormers 13. /he relationship between the ;oltages and the rat%o of the turns in primary and secondary coils can be write as below. 0rimary .oltage "econdary .oltage

8 8

'umber of turns in primary coil 'umber of turns in secondary coil

OR

14. &f Ns is greater than Np* then )s is than )p. /he type of transformer is . 1!. &f Ns is less than Np* then )s is than )p. /he type of transformer is . 1#. ?or e6ample* if the turns ratio is 1>!5* the output .oltage is stepped down .. times.

1%. &f we consider an %&eal trans+ormer* there is no loss of energy.

8
2(

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

8 8
Energ5 losses %n a trans+ormer 1(. As we 4now* an %&eal trans+ormer has .. effiency.

8
Comparing with the transformer eDuation

13. 8ut in practice* the efficiency of a tranformer is .. 155G. 25. /he effiency of a transformer is e6pressed as follows>

Pout 155G Pin )s%s = 155G )p%p

21. Complete the table below> *ype o losses

Changing

Causes of magnetic field induced current

+ay to reduce

in soft iron core Aeat loss

As

the number of turn increases* the

resistance of conductor also increases.

.

/he core

is magnetiEed and demagnetiEed

alternately due to a.c current in primary coil

23

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism 7ea4age

?lu6 lea4age

of magnetic flu6 in the primary coil

E,erc%se 8.0 secondary coil are N, and N-. 9hich 1. "oft iron core is used as the transformer core because A. "oft iron core has low resistance 8. "oft iron becomes a permanent magnet C. "oft iron is easily magnetiEed and demagnetiEed . "oft iron is better conductor than steel 2. 9hich of the following is correct about step,down transformer A. /he output .oltage is higher than input .oltage 8. the output power is greater than input power C. /he output current is greater than the input current 3. All the four transformer gi.en below ha.e the same input .oltage. /he number of turns in the primary coil and A. 0 and 1 8. 1 and + C. + and " . 0 and + 4. /he number of turns between each pair of output terminals of a transformer is shown in the diagram. 8etween which terminal the output is 12 ;2 A 8 C 12555 #5 #555 1255 has the highest output .oltage2 N, N24555 1255 2555 255

35

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

!. 9hen primary coil of an ideal transformer is connected to 12 ; a.c supply* the current is 2.5 A. &f the output .oltage is 455 ;* what is the current in secondary coil2 A. 5.5# A 8. 5.#5 A C. #.#% A . ##.% A 4.2: Generat%on an& Transm%ss%on o+ Electr%c%t5 $o'rces o+ Energ5 1. /he generation of electricity comes from many sources such as > a. b. .... c. d. e. f. g. h. Transm%ss%on o+ Electr%c%t5 2. Electricity can be supply either from .. or a(c source. 3. /he circuit diagram below shows a sample of the transmission of electricity from source. raw the current flow on the circuit diagram. #. A transformer only can wor4 with A. d.c supply 8. a.c supply C. dry cells . electrolyte cells

bulb

31

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

4. /he diagram below shows a sample of the transmission of electricity from source.

Nat%onal Gr%& Net/or. !. 'ational -rid 'etwor4 is a networ4 of underground cables or which connect all the power stations and substations for the whole country. #. /his networ4 starts at electrical power plant li4e Chenderoh 7a4e 0ower "tation which is hydroelectric power station* and end at our houses. %. Complete the diagram below by showing the cables of transmission and suitable users.

transmission

Heavy industry

Light industry uildings

My house

Step-up transformer

Step-down transformer

33 4; 0ower plant 32

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

(. Electrical energy is transmitted from the power station to the consumer using long transmission cables. 3. /his will bring to power loss as energy. 0ower loss can be calculate as follow>

Pheat = % 2 R
15. /he power loss can reduce by>

& H current flows in the cable + H resistance of the cable

i. +educing the of the cables ii. +educing the current or . the .oltage in the cable. Rene/a le energ5 11. Energy plays a .ery important role in economic de.elopment but the reser.es of fossil fuels such as oil and gas are .ery limited. 12. Aence* there is modern trend of the nations that is to harness the rene/a le energ5. 13. +enewable energy sources are continually replenished naturally means they are sustainable. 14. -i.e the e6ample of rene/a le energy> i. ii. iii. i.. .. .i. .ii. 1!. -i.e the e6ample of non-rene/a le energy> i. ..

33

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

a= .. b= . c= .. 1#. -i.e the benefits of using the renewable energy to our nation> i. ii. iii. i.. - En& o+ C(a*ter 8 E,erc%se 8.2 1. 9hich of the following is not a renewable energy source2 A. 9ind 8. "olar C. Coal . 8iomass 2. /he major source of energy for electrical generation in $alaysia is A. 'atural gas 8. 9ind C. hydro 3. 9hich of the following is an ad.antage of using wind energy for generation of electricity2 A. &ts a.ailable all the time !. &n the transmission of electricity* the most effecti.e mean to reduce power loss in the transmission cable is by A. )sing copper cables 4. 9hich of the following is an ad.antage of 'ational -rid 'etwor42 A. Electrical power brea4down can be countermeasure immediately 8. 7oss of power can be reduce C. &ts using less cables . &t@s a renewable energy 8. &ts easy to use C. &ts cheap to use . &t@s a renewable energy

34

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

8. /ransmission at high .oltage C. using alternating current . )sing thic4 cables For .uestion / and 0 #. A power station generates !55 49 of power at #55 ;. An ideal transformer steps up the .oltage to 132 4; for transmission. 9hat is the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary coil of the transformer to that in primary coil2 A. 1>22 Re%n+orcement C(a*ter 8 "art A: O ?ect%;es @'est%ons 1. 9hich diagram best shows the pattern of field lines around a bar magnet2 A. .

8. 22>1 C. 1>225 . 225>1 %. &f the resistance of 1 4m of the cable is 2 * what is the power loss from each 4m length of cable2 A. 3 9 8. 1# 9 C. 2# 9 . 23 9

8.

2. 9hich materials are suitable to ma4e the core of an electromagnet2 C. A 8 C Core o an electromagnet &ron "teel 9ood Cuprum

3!

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

wire

cardboard 9 E compass ' 8.

3. +efer to the diagram abo.e* when the switch is close* the pointer of the compass will point to A. "tay at 'orth 8. East C. 9est . ;ibrate at its place C.

4. A straight wire carrying a current produces a magnetic field. 9hich diagram shows the correct shape of the field2 A.
.

!. A student carries out an e6periment to see the effect of a magnetic field on a wire carrying a current. /he wire mo.es upwards as shown. 9hat should the student do to ma4e the wire mo.e downwards2

3#

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

9hat is the .oltmeter reading2 A. 1.2 ; 8. 12 ; A. Change the direction of the current 8. $o.e the poles closer C. "end a smaller current through wire . )se stronger magnet (. 9hich two electrical Duantities are measured in .olts2 A. current and e.m.f #. 9hen electricity is transmitted o.er long distances* energy is wasted. Aow can the wasted energy be 4ept as small as possible2
.

C. 125 ; . 1255 ;

8. current and resistance C. e.m.f and potential difference . potential difference and resistance 3. /he figure shows an electromagnet.

A. Ieep the current in the transmission lines as large as possible 8. Ieep the power supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible C. Ieep the resistance of the transmission lines as large as possible . Ieep the .oltage supplied to the transmission lines as large as possible %. /he diagram shows a transformer /he strength of the magnetic field can be increase at point + by & increasing the number of turns of the coil && reducing the resistance of the rheostat &&& bringing the electromagnet closer to 0 A. & and && only 8. & and &&& only C. && and &&& only . &* && and && only J+

3%

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

C. 255 ; . (55 ;
.

15. /he diagram shows a solenoid connected to a sensiti.e .oltmeter. 9hich of the following would gi.e a Eero reading on the .oltmeter2 A. 12. 9hich graph shows the output .oltage from a simple a.c. generator2

8.

A. Aolding the magnet stationary inside the solenoid 8. $o.ing the magnet away from the solenoid C. $o.ing the magnet towards the solenoid . $o.ing the solenoid towards the magnet

C.

11. /he diagram shows a transformer with an alternating .oltage of 155 ; applied to the primary coil. 9hat is the output .oltage2
.

13. A transformer has !5 turns on its primary coil and 155 turns on its secondary coil. An a.c. .oltage of 2!.5 ; is connected across the primary coil. 9hat is the .oltage across the secondary coil2

A. !5 ; 8. 155 ;

3(

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

'

A. 12.! ; 8. !5.5 ; C. 1%! ; . 255 ;

.

01+" is a cuprum wire put horiEontally on a table. F and B are two compasses put on the wire. 9hat will happen to the compasses when switch " is closed2 A. 8oth compasses point to East 8. 8oth compasses point to 9est C. 8oth compasses pointer unchange . Compass F pointer unchanged but compass B point to East.

14. /wo circuits are set up as shown. /he iron rods are placed close together* and are free to mo.e.

1#. 9hat happens to the siEe of the gap at F when switch " is closed2 A. &t decreases 8. &t decreases then increases C. &t increases . &t does not change 1!. 0 A 'orth 8 "outh C "outh 'orth 1 "outh 'orth 'orth "outh + "outh 'orth "outh 'orth iagram shows an electromagnet 01+. /he poles for 01+ are

33

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

1%. 9hich of the following can be use to determine the direction of magnetic field produced by current,carrying conductor2 A. 7enE@s law 8. ?araday@s law C. ?leming@s 7eft,hand rule . +ight,hand -rip rule

13. 9hat is the current in the cable2 A. 2.5 A 8. 3.5 A C. #.5 A . 24.5 A 25. 9hat is the power loss in the cable2 A. # 9 8. 12 9 C. 1( 9

1(. Electromagnetic strength can be influence by these factors e,ce*t A. $agnitude of current 8. irection of current flows C. 'umber of turns . /ypes of core used For questions 19 and 20 &n a model of the transmission of electricity* electrical power of 3# 9 is generated at 12 ; and transmitted using cables of total resistance 2.5 . "art 9: $tr'ct're @'est%ons

. 24 9

1. ?igure 1 shows an electromagnet connected to a #.5 ; d.c power supply.

switch &nsulated wire

#.5 ; dc

C supply

pins X

45

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

a= <i= 9hat is the core made of2 <ii= "tate the polarity at end X when the switch is closed2 b= 9hen the switch is closed* it was found a number of pins was attracted to end X. <i= "uggest one way to &ecreas%ng the number of pins attracted to end X2 <ii= 9hat will happen to the pins at end X when the switch is o*en2 E6plain your answer. 2. ?igure 2 shows an alternat%ng c'rrent generator.

a= <i= 'ame the phenomenon used to produced an e.m.f in the coil. ...... <ii= 9hat is the effect on the current produced if the magnets are mo.ed further apart from each other2 -i.e a reason. . . b= ?igure 3 shows the graph of the output current against time. Current* &CA

41

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

2 5.54 ,2 5.5(

/ime* tCs

i. "tate the .alue of the pea4 current. . ii. Calculate the freDuency of the alternating current. .. iii. Kn the same a6es* s4etch the graph output current against time if the coil is now rotated at twice the speed. c= 9hat are the changes that need to be made to con.ert this generator to a direct current motor2

3. ?igure shows a magnet which is pushed towards a solenoid.

42

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

"

Gal;anometer a= "tate the magnetic poles of the two ends* 0 and 1 of the solenoid when the magnet is mo.ed towards the solenoid* stationary inside the solenoid and then mo.e away from the solenoid. b= "tate the 7enE@s 7aw c= "uggest three ways to ma4e the deflection angle of the -al.anometer to become bigger. .. ... ... d= 'ame four essential parts of an a.c generator .. . ..

43

JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

"art C: Essa5 @'est%ons 1. /he transmission of electrical energy from a power station to factories and houses is by means of a system called 'ational -rid 'etwor4. a= "tate the transformation of energy in a hydroelectric power station. b= E6plain what is meant by 'ational -rid 'etwor4 and state three ad.antages of its distribution of electrical energy. c= ?igure 4 below shows a model for transmission of electrical power using source of 12 ; a.c.

12 ; a.c source

245 ;

245 ;

12 ;

12 ; bulb is bright

/ransmission wire

Bou are supposed to set up the model by using the information in the table below> Number o turns o coils 1255 #55 #5 45 *ypes o trans ormers "olid copper core 7aminated soft,iron core 7aminated copper core 9ooden core Material o transmission cables Constantan Copper 'ichrome /ungsten

i. Choose the number of turns of primary and secondary coil for step,up transformer. -i.e a reason. ii. Choose the type of core of the step,up and step,down transformer. -i.e a reason. iii. Choose the type of material of transmission cables. -i.e a reason. d= &f the resistance of the transmission cable in the model is 25 * calculate i. the current that flows through the transmission cable ii. the power loss due to heating effect of the transmission cable

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JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

2. iagrams show wire coils connected to the ammeters* switches and d.c power supply

9hen the switch is on and iron filings of the same amount is spread on each of the cardboard surface* the pattern of the iron fillings is formed as shown in the diagrams. a= 9hat is meant by magnetic field2 b= )sing diagrams abo.e* compare the number of turn of the coils* the pattern of the iron fillings and the angle of deflection of the ammeter indicator.

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JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

c= "tate the relationship between the strength of the magnetic field and i. the pattern of iron fillings ii. the number of turn of the coils d= iagram shows two thin copper strips* 01 and +"* connected .ia circuit. E6plain what happens to 01 and +"* when the switch is on.

A 1 "

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JPN Pahang

Physics Module Form 5 Chapter 8: Electromagnetism

3. A student used the apparatus shown in figure below to in.estigate electromagnetic induction. /he magnet will be drop inside the coil. Ae obser.ed that the angle that the pointer of the gal.anometer deflects become increase when he increase the number of turns on the solenoid.

a= ?rom the abo.e obser.ation* ma4e a suitable inference b= "tate one appropriate hypothesis that could be in.estigated c= esign an e6periment to in.estigate the hypothesis that you stated in <b=. &n your description* state clearly the following> i. Aim of e6periment ii. ;ariables in the e6periment iii. 7ist of the apparatus i.. Arrangement of the apparatus .. 0rocedures of the e6periment on controlling the manipulated and responding .ariables .i. /abulation of the result .ii. Analysis of the result .iii. "tate one precaution in the e6periment

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