VOLUME NO. 2 (2012), ISSUE N O.

5 (M AY)

ISSN 2231-4245

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VOLUME NO. 2 (2012), ISSUE N O. 5 (M AY)

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CONTENTS
Sr. No.

TITLE & NAME OF THE AUTHOR (S)

THE IMMIGRANTS DILEMMA AND HOW THE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGER COPES WITH THE MIGRATED LOT: A COMPARISON OF UK AND PAKISTANI COMPANIES DR. AMER AL-KASSEM ASSESSING CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN WONDOGENET WOREDA BETWEEN THE SIDAMA AND GUJI-OROMO PEOPLE DR. BREHANU BORJI AYALEW THE RANKING OF EFECTIVE FACTORS ONLABOR PRODUCER WOMEN S ENTREPRENEURSIP B! TOPSIS "THE CASE OF A PROVINCE IN IRAN# DR. YOUNOS VAKIL ALROAIA & RAHIL KATOLI THE STRATEGIC GAINS OF ORGANI&ATIONAL VERTICAL INTEGRATION: A STUD! ON SOME EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS GOLAM MOHAMMAD FORKAN THE IMPACT OF MICRO CREDIT ON WOMEN EMPOWERMENT RATHIRANEEYOGENDRARAJAH THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF INTRINSIC MOTIVATION ON PERCEIVED INVESTMENT IN EMPLO!EE DEVELOPMENT AND WORK PERFORMANCE ASIF SHAHZAD, AAMER WAHEED & MUHAMMAD ARSALAN KHAN THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF COMPANIES ROYA DARABI & ALIREZA ESLAMPOOR EDUCATED UNEMPLO!MENT PROBLEM IN KARNATAKA: A STUD! DR. RAJNALKAR LAXMAN & AMBANNA MALAKAPPA COMPARATIVEL! STUD! OF REAL ORGANI&ATION & VIRTUAL ORGANI&ATION "STUD! OF SELECTED COMMERCIAL BANK# VIVEK UPRIT & MANGAL MISHRA A STUD! ON MERGERS AND BANKS PERFORMANCE IN INDIA M. VAISHNAVI, DR. S. NIRMALA & V. JEYAKUMAR IMPACT OF MICROFINANCE ON POOR PEOPLE: A STUD! OF LIVING STANDARDS, EMPOWERMENT AND POVERT! ALLEVIATION IN THE DAVANAGERE DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA STATE MANJULA B.G & DR. CHANNABASAVANAGOUDA INDIA S SPECIAL ECONOMIC &ONES: DEVELOPMENT AND E+PORT PERFORMANCE PRAMOD P. LONARKAR & DR. A. B. DEOGIRIKAR THE RE-VITALI&ATION OF KHADI - A NEED OF THE HOUR: A CASE STUD! AT SANGRUR "PUNJAB# RAKESH MISHRA & DR. P. K. JAIN VALIDATION AND EVALUATION OF BURNOUT AMONG NURSES DR.BEJOY JOHN THOMAS & DR. G. S. DAVID SAM JAYAKUMAR ,SWADESHI : A TOOL OF ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT DR. AVIJIT ROYCHOUDHURY WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR THROUGH SHG-: A STUD! IN THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT C. RATHINAM & DR. K. KAMALAKANNAN A STUD! ON CENTRAL COORDINATED VEGETABLE MARKET IN PARAVAI MADURAI: PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO FARMERS DR. MRS. S. FATIMA ROSALINE MARY & S. P. SAVITHA EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN AT HOUSE-HOLD LEVEL THROUGH SELF-HELP-GROUPS- A STUD! OF KHORDHA DISTRICT OF THE STATE OF ODISHA, INDIA DR. ANUJA MOHAPATRA ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES IN ARUNACHAL PRADESH, INDIA: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT DR. TASI KAYE STUDENTS AND PRIVATISATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION DR. NARINDER TANWAR ECONOMIC DEPENDENCE OF TRIBAL ON FOREST: A CASE STUD! IN THE GANJAM DISTRICT OF ORISSA PADMA LOCHANA BISOYI NON . PERFORMING ASSESTS IN STATE CO-OPERATIVE BANKS IN INDIA . AN EMPIRICAL STUD! DR. A. DHARMENDRAN GOVERNANCE OF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION IN INDIA: A M!TH OR REALIT!/ A.LAKSHMANA RAO MODERN DA! WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF TAMILNADU . A CASE STUD! S.SHAILAJA PERFORMANCE OF PRIME MINISTER S EMPLO!MENT GENERATION PROGRAMME SCHEME IN NAGAPATTINAM DISTRICT S. DHINESHSANKAR & DR. S. MAYILVAGANAN WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: A STUD! BASED ON INDE+ OF WOMEN EMPOWERMENT IN INDIA N. P. ABDUL AZEEZ & S. M. JAWED AKHTAR WOMEN EMPOWERMENT . BREAKING THE GLASS CEILING ANANDAMMA N. POVERT! AND FOOD SECURIT! NE+US IN INDIA PARVAZE AHMAD LONE & NASEER AHMAD RATHER A STUD! ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DAIR! CO-OPERATIVES IN TAMIL NADU S. MADHESWARAN AN ECONOMIC STUD! ON THE PERFORMANCE OF PRIMAR! AGRICULTURAL CO-OPERATIVE BANK P. SANTHOSH KUMAR

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CHIEF PATRON
PROF1 K1 K1 AGGARWAL
)hancellor" 2in#aya3s 4niversity" Delhi !ounder 5ice-)hancellor" uru obindSin#hIndraprastha4niversity" Delhi 67% Pro 5ice-)hancellor" uruJa0bheshwar4niversity" +isar

PATRON
SH1 RAM BHAJAN AGGARWAL
67%State Minister for +o0e 8 9ouris0" overn0ent of +aryana 5ice-President" Dadri 6ducation Society" )har:hi Dadri President" )hinar Synte7 2td% ;9e7tile Mills<" Bhiwani

COCO-ORDINATOR
DR1 BHAVET
!aculty" M% M% Institute of Mana#e0ent" MaharishiMar:andeshwar4niversity" Mullana" A0bala" +aryana

ADVISORS
DR1 PRI!A RANJAN TRIVEDI
)hancellor" 9he lobal Open 4niversity" $a#aland

PROF1 M1 S1 SENAM RAJU

Director A% )% D%" School of Mana#e0ent Studies" I% %$%O%4%" $ew Delhi

PROF1 M1 N1 SHARMA
)hair0an" M%B%A%" +aryana)olle#e of 9echnolo#y 8 Mana#e0ent" =aithal

PROF1 S1 L1 MAHANDRU
Principal ;Retd%<" Mahara1aA#rasen)olle#e" Ja#adhri

EDITOR
PROF1 R1 K1 SHARMA
Professor" Bharti 5idyapeeth 4niversity Institute of Mana#e0ent 8 Research" $ew Delhi

COCO-EDITOR
DR1 SAMBHAV GARG
!aculty" M% M% Institute of Mana#e0ent" MaharishiMar:andeshwar4niversity" Mullana" A0bala" +aryana

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

DR1 RAJESH MODI
!aculty" /anbu Industrial )olle#e" =in#do0 of Saudi Arabia

PROF1 SIKANDER KUMAR

)hair0an" Depart0ent of 6cono0ics" +i0achalPradesh4niversity" Shi0la" +i0achal Pradesh

PROF1 SANJIV MITTAL

4niversitySchool of Mana#e0ent Studies" uru obindSin#hI% P% 4niversity" Delhi

PROF1 RAJENDER GUPTA

)onvener" Board of Studies in 6cono0ics" 4niversity of Ja00u" Ja00u

PROF1 NAWAB ALI KHAN

Depart0ent of )o00erce" Ali#arh Musli0 4niversity" Ali#arh" 4%P%

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PROF1 S1 P1 TIWARI
Depart0ent of 6cono0ics 8 Rural Develop0ent" Dr% Ra0 Manohar 2ohia Avadh 4niversity" !ai*abad

DR1 ANIL CHANDHOK

Professor" !aculty of Mana#e0ent" Maharishi Mar:andeshwar 4niversity" Mullana" A0bala" +aryana

DR1 ASHOK KUMAR CHAUHAN

Reader" Depart0ent of 6cono0ics" =uru:shetra4niversity" =uru:shetra

DR1 SAMBHAVNA
!aculty" I%I%9%M%" Delhi

DR1 MOHENDER KUMAR GUPTA

Associate Professor" P%J%2%$% overn0ent)olle#e" !aridabad

DR1 VIVEK CHAWLA

Associate Professor" =uru:shetra 4niversity" =uru:shetra

DR1 SHIVAKUMAR DEENE

Asst% Professor" Dept% of )o00erce" School of Business Studies" )entral 4niversity of =arnata:a" ulbar#a

ASSOCIATE EDITORS
PROF1 ABHA! BANSAL
+ead" Depart0ent of Infor0ation 9echnolo#y" A0ity School of 6n#ineerin# 8 9echnolo#y" A0ity 4niversity" $oida

PARVEEN KHURANA
Associate Professor" Mu:and2al$ational)olle#e" /a0una $a#ar

SHASHI KHURANA
Associate Professor" S%M%S%=halsa2ubana irls)olle#e" Barara" A0bala

SUNIL KUMAR KARWASRA

Principal" Aa:ash)olle#e of 6ducation" )hander=alan" 9ohana" !atehabad

DR1 VIKAS CHOUDHAR!

Asst% Professor" $%I%9% ;4niversity<" =uru:shetra

TECHNICAL ADVISORS
MOHITA
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AMITA
!aculty" overn0ent M% S%" Mohali

FINANCIAL ADVISORS
DICKIN GO!AL
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INDIA S SPECIAL ECONOMIC &ONES: DEVELOPMENT AND E+PORT PERFORMANCE

PRAMOD P. LONARKAR ASST. PROFESSOR SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES S.R.T.M. UNIVESITYS SUB-CENTRE LATUR DR. A. B. DEOGIRIKAR PROFESSOR IN ECONOMICS DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR MARATHWADA UNIVERSITY AURANGABAD
ABSTRACT
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KE!WORDS
67port" )entral overn0ent ;) < established S6Ls" Special 6cono0ic Lones ;S6Ls<" Sta#es of develop0ent%

INTRODUCTION
any countries such as +on# =on#" 9aiwan" Malaysia" Indonesia and South =orea adopted the 0odel of e7port oriented econo0ic #rowth in the &JF's alon# with creation of special e7port oriented facilities such as !ree 9rade Lone ;!9L<" 67port Processin# Lones ;6PL< where as worlds first e7port *one was set up in Ireland in &J.H% Seven years after" Indian #overn0ent set up its first 6PL at =andla ; u1arat< in &JF. which was also the first in Asia% It was followed by the Santacru* e7port processin# *one followed by five other public sector *ones at $oida ;4ttar Pradesh<" !alta ;>est Ben#al<" )ochin ;=erala<" )hennai ;9a0il $adu< and 5isa:hapatna0 ;Andhra Pradesh<% In &JJH a private sector 6PL beca0e operational at Surat ; u1rat<% After i0ple0entation of S6L policy all public sector 6PLs are converted in to Special 6cono0ic Lones ;S6L<% S6Ls are reco#ni*ed as an i0portant 0echanis0 for trade and invest0ent pro0otion" creation of infrastructure" e0ploy0ent #eneration" pro0otion of re#ional develop0ent" increase in forei#n e7chan#e earnin#s" i0provin# e7port co0petitiveness and transfer of s:ills and technolo#y% 9he basic ob1ective of settin# up 6PLsAS6Ls in India is to pro0ote e7ports and forei#n e7chan#e earnin#s%

WHAT IS EP& AND SE&

6PL or 67port Processin# Lone is that whose econo0ic laws are different fro0 the laws of country but they are desi#ned to help the 0anufacturin# co0panies that are e7portin# their entire production% 6PL has the sole ai0 to produce #oods for e7port% 9he 0anufacturin# units are #iven ta7 holiday for a fi7ed period of ti0e so as to 0a:e the product co0petitive in the international 0ar:et% S6L or Special 6cono0ic Lone is an area in a country that is selected by the #overn0ent for its develop0ent% 9his area has econo0ical laws co0pletely different fro0 the laws of the country% 9hese laws are 0ade in such a 0anner so that they are business friendly to attract people to set up 0anufacturin#" tradin# or service establish0ents% 9he establish0ents in S6L can be established by forei#n or native invest0ents and the products can be sent e7ported or sold within the country%

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUD!

&< 9o :now the sta#es of develop0ent of e7portin# *ones E< 9o find the e7port perfor0ance of 6PLsAS6Ls -< 9o find the e7port perfor0ance of overn0ent established S6Ls%

METHODOLOG!
)onsiderin# the above ob1ectives this paper has used published research papers" wor:in# papers and reports for literature review and to find out the sta#es of develop0ent of 6PLsAS6Ls% 9o find out the e7port perfor0ance of 6PLsAS6Ls secondary data is used which is collected fro0 various #overn0ent reports" boo:s" research articles and web-si#hts providin# data% Instead of usin# any statistical techni?ues the e7port perfor0ance is shown by #raphical presentation%

STAGES OF EP&BSE& DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

In India there are four sta#es of develop0ent of these e7portin# Lones& which starts after &JF' and reaches at the be#innin# of S6L policy instru0ent% STAGE 1-5 9he first sta#e started with the establish0ent of =andla 6PL ;=!9L< in &JF. which was India3s as well as worlds first 6PL% 9his was followed by Santacru* 6lectronics 67port Processin# Lone ;S66PL< which was set up at Mu0bai in &JI(% At this sta#e" there was no clarity of ob1ectives for settin# up these *ones =!9L was pri0arily 0eant for the develop0ent of =utch area% S66PL was established for 0anufacture of electronics% 2ater on e0s and Jewellery added to it% 9he overn0ent of India appointed three co00ittees to review the wor:in# of these *ones% =aul )o00ittee ;&JIH< to review =!9L" Review )o00ittee on 6lectronics in &JIJ for the review of S66PL% !inally" 9ondon )o00ittee ;&JH'< reviewed both the *ones% 9ondon co00ittee called for establish0ent of additional 6PLs for e7pansion of India3s e7ports% STAGE 23I Second sta#e starts fro0 &JH( because as per the 9ondon )o00ittee3s report four new 6PLs were established between &JH( and &JHI at $oida" !alta" )ochin and )hennai% 5isa:hapatna0 6PL in Andhra Pradesh was established in &JHJ% 9hus" this phase witnessed the establish0ent of . *ones% STAGE 3<I 9hird sta#e starts with the refor0 in India since &JJ&% overn0ent too: several initiatives for reva0pin# 6PL policy% Durin# the period of ten years" about &(F circulars were issued by )entral Board of 67cise and )usto0s" D !9 and RBI for rela7ation of controls and si0plification of procedures relatin# to operation of

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6PLs and 67port oriented units ;6O4<% 9he scope and covera#e of 6PLsA6O4 sche0e was also enlar#ed in &JJE by per0ittin# a#riculture" horticulture and a?uaculture sector units% 2ater on tradin#" re-en#ineerin# and reconditionin# units were also included under the sche0e% STAGE %5D 9his sta#e is an i0portant sta#e of policy refor0 for the develop0ent of Indian e7port *ones% After loo:in# a 0assive e7port #rowth of )hina the 6MIM policy of India for &JJI-E''E ca0e up with the concept of Special 6cono0ic Lone ;S6L<% 9his concept provided additional benefits to 6PLs li:e e7tra ta7 incentives" freedo0 for wor:" enhanced infrastructure etc% >ith this policy chan#e" all the e7istin# 6PLs have been converted into S6Ls in two phases" year E''' and E''( respectively% FISCAL AND NON-FISCAL BENEFITS GIVEN TO SE& DEVELOPERS AND UNITS2 i% &''N inco0e ta7 e7e0ption for a bloc: of five years and an additional .'N ta7 e7e0ption for two years thereafter ii% &''N !DI in the 0anufacturin# sector per0itted throu#h auto0atic route" barrin# a few sectors% iii% 67ternal co00ercial borrowin#s by S6L units upto 4SO.'' 0illion in a year without any 0aturity restrictions throu#h reco#ni*ed ban:in# channels% iv% !acility to retain &''N forei#n e7chan#e receipts in 67chan#e 6arners3 !orei#n )urrency Account% v% &''N !DI per0itted to S6L franchisee in providin# basic telephone services in S6Ls% vi% $o cap on forei#n invest0ent for s0all scale sector reserved ite0s% vii% 67e0ption fro0 industrial licensin# re?uire0ents for ite0s reserved for the SSI sector% viii% $o i0port licence re?uire0ents i7% 67e0ption fro0 custo0s duties on i0port of capital #oods" raw 0aterials" consu0ables" spares etc 7% 67e0ption fro0 )entral 67cise duties on procure0ent of capital #oods" raw 0aterials" consu0able spares etc%" fro0 the do0estic 0ar:et% 7i% $o routine e7a0inations by )usto0s for e7port and i0port car#o% 7ii% !acility to reali*e and repatriate e7port proceeds within &E 0onths% 7iii% Profits allowed to be repatriated without any dividend-balancin# re?uire0ent% 7iv% Job wor: on behalf of do0estic e7porters for direct e7port allowed% 7v% Subcontractin# both do0estic and international is per0itted@ this facility is available to 1ewellery units as well% 7vi% 67e0ption fro0 )entral Sales 9a7 and Service 9a7

E+PORT PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN EP&-BSE&SHARE OF EP&-BSE&- IN TOTAL E+PORT OF COUNTR! 9his paper provides su00ary infor0ation on 6PLAS6L e7ports across the study period of &H years% It shows that while 6PL e7ports in absolute ter0s increased pheno0enally across the &H years% In &JJ'-J& it was JHF%FF crores followed by FI'I%J crore in &JJJ-E''' further it has increased to FFF-H crore ;Refer Anne7ure A<% !i#ure &%& shows that the share of 6PL e7port in countries e7port was E to - percent but after the inclusion of S6L sche0e ;as per 6MIM policy< share of S6LA6PL has re0ained 0ore than ( percent% FIGURE 111: SHARE OF EP&BSE& IN TOTAL E+PORT "1**$-*1 TO 2$$*-1$#
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0
19 90 -9 19 1 91 -9 19 2 92 -9 19 3 93 -9 19 4 94 -9 19 5 95 -9 19 6 96 -9 19 7 97 -9 19 8 98 19 99 99 -2 00 0 20 00 -0 20 1 01 -0 20 2 02 -0 20 3 03 -0 20 4 04 -0 20 5 05 -0 20 6 06 -0 20 7 07 -0 20 8 08 20 -0 10 -1 20 9 1 0 (A 9pr 10 -D ec .)

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 RBI +and Boo:" web si#ht indiastat%co0 and Ministry of co00erce and 9he perfor0ance of India3s e7port processin# *ones =undra" A% ;E'''<% E+PORT GROWTH OVER LAST !EAR FOR INDIA AND EP&-BSE&6PLAS6L e7port has increased in India in absolute values it see0s i0pressive% >as it a natural rate of #rowthP 9o address this ?uestion we analy*ed the e7port #rowth of 6PLsAS6Ls and e7port #rowth of country over last year% It is interestin# to note fro0 this analysis that e7cept four years fro0 &JJ'-J& to E''I-'H all other years shows #rater e7port #rowth of 6PLsAS6Ls over last year than India3s total e7port% It is also i0portant to note that in so0e years e7port #rowth of the *ones is 0ore than double than countries e7port #rowth ;Refer fi#ure &%E<% FIGURE112: E+PORT GROWTH OF COUNTR! AND EP&BSE& "1**$-*1 TO 2$$*-1$#
140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0

19 99 -2 00 0

20 03 -0 4

20 07 -0 8

19 93 -9 4

19 97 -9 8

19 91 -9 2

19 95 -9 6

20 01 -0 2

20 05 -0 6

E PZ/SE Z

County

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 RBI +and Boo:" web si#ht indiastat%co0 and Ministry of co00erce and C9he perfor0ance of India3s e7port processin# *ones3 =undra" A% ;E'''<% SECTOR-WISE VALUE OF PH!SICAL E+PORTS FROM SPECIAL ECONOMIC &ONES OF INDIA !i#ure &%( provides a view of the sectoral patterns of 6PLAS6L e7ports% In the E''I-'H" e0s and Jewellery sector accounted for the lar#est share ;-FN< in e7ports followed by 9radin# and Services and 6lectronics hardware in that order with -& and &I percent share% By the late E''H-'J" the share of 6lectronics hardware started declinin# and it went on third position% e0s 8 1ewellery and 9radin# 8 services re0ained on first and second position respectively% In E''J-&' )he0icals and Phar0aceuticals too: first position with -( percent share followed by co0puterA6lectronic software ;E&N< and e0s and 1ewellary ;E'N< % 9radin# and services went on fourth position with &&N% Other sectors na0ely 6n#ineerin#" 9e7tiles and ar0ents" $on-conventional 6ner#y" 6lectronics" Plastic and Rubber" Biotech" 2eather" !ootware and Sports #oods" !ood and A#ro Industry and +andicraft co0prises very little share in 6PLAS6L e7ports%

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FIGURE 113: SECTOR-WISE VALUE OF PH!SICAL E+PORTS FROM SPECIAL ECONOMIC &ONES "2$$'-$) TO 2$$*-1$# "A# "B# "C#
Gems and Jeweller y

ISSN 2231-4245

2007-08

2008-09
Tr ading and Ser vices Elect r onics Har dwar e Comput er/ Elect ronic Sof t war e Engineer ing

Gems and Jewellery Trading and Ser vices

11 % 0% % 0% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 2% 6% 36%

0 0% % 0% 0% 0% 1% 1% 2%2% 8%

2009-10

Chemicals and Pharmaceut icals Comput er/ Elect ronic Sof t ware Gems and Jeweller y

3% 3% 6%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3%1%

Comput er / Elect r onic Sof t ware Elect r onics Har dwar e 35% Chemicals and Pharmaceut icals Misc. Engineer ing Text iles and Gar ment s Biot ech Plast ic and Rubber

34% 11%

Trading and Services Elect ronics Hardware Engineering Text iles and Garment s Misc. Non-convent ional Energy Elect ronics

Chemic als and Phar mac eut icals Text iles and Gar ment s

17%

Misc. Plast ic and Rubber Food and Agro Indust r y Elect r onics Leat her, Foot ware and Spor t s goods Biot ech Non- conv ent ional Ener gy

13%

20%

31%

16% 20%

Elect r onics Food and Agr o Indust ry

21%
Plast ic and Rubber Biot ech

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 the web si#ht httpBAAwww%indiastat%co0

CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED SE&SUMMAR! OF PH!SICAL E+PORT FROM SE&-: B! CATEGOR! S6Ls can be cate#ori*ed on the basis of their establish0ent as )entral overn0ent ;) < S6Ls" State #ovtApvt% S6Ls prior S6L Act E''. and S6Ls notifies under this Act% 9he e7port fro0 this cate#ory of *ones shows E'%EF percent e7port fro0 central #overn0ent established S6Ls durin# E''J-&'% 9hese *ones are na0ely =andla S6L" S66PL S6L" $oida S6L" M6PL S6L" )ochin S6L" !alta S6L and 5isa:hapatna0 S6L% TABLE 111: SUMMAR! OF PH!SICAL E+PORT FROM SE&S DURING 2$$*-1$ Lone established by 67port in Rs crores Percenta#e )entral ovt% S6Ls .H'-F%HF EF%-' State ovtApvt% S6Ls established prior to S6L Act" E''. ((IEH%JE'%EF S6Ls notified under S6L Act" E''. &&IJ(.%F .-%(( 9otal EE'I&&%-J SourceB Data co0piled fro0 the web si#ht httpBAAwww%indiastat%co0 E+PORT PERFORMANCE OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ESTABLISHED SE&Of the operational seven ) established Special 6cono0ic Lones only two S66PL and $oida S6L have well in their e7port perfor0ance% S66PL has contributed 0ore than ('N in total e7port of public sector *ones since E''--'( to E''F-'I where as $oida contributed between &E to -& percent% 9hou#h =andla *one #ot fa0e for its old establish0ent but it has contributed only F to H percent durin# this period% Other public sector *ones li:e Madras S6L" )ochin S6L" !alta S6L and 5isa:hapatna0 S6L have very little e7port perfor0ance and contributin# only E to &' percent in total e7port of these seven *ones% Recently data available on www%se*india%#ov%in shows that as on -&A'-AE'&' $oida S6L contributed around -IN of the total e7port fro0 ) established S6Ls" followed by )S6L ;EJN<" S66PL ;&IN< and M6PL ;&'N<% FIGURE 11%: E+PORT FROM SE&S ESTABLISHED B! CENTRAL GOVERNMENT "31B$3B2$1$#
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Noida SEZ Cochin SEZ SEEPZ SEZ MEPZ SEZ Kandla SEZ Falta SEZ Visakhapatnam SEZ

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 the web si#ht www%se*india%#ov%in Sector wise distribution of e7port fro0 ) established S6L shows that share of 0anufacturin# e7port is very lar#e for each *one% 67port fro0 tradin# is on second nu0ber where as I9AI96S stands on third nu0ber% ;Ref% !i#ure &%.<% FIGURE 115: SECTOR WISE E+PORT FROM CG ESTABLISHED SE&S "31B$3B2$1$#

25000 20000 15000 10000 5000 0 Noida SEZ Cochin SEZ SEEPZ SEZ MEPZ SEZ Kandla SEZ Falta SEZ Visakhapatnam SEZ

IT/ITES

Trading

Manufactruing

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 the web si#ht www%se*india%#ov%in

CONCLUSION
9he India3s Special econo0ic or e7port *ones have #one throu#h four sta#es of develop0ent where in fourth ;not last< sta#e abundant fiscal and non fiscal incentives are #iven% But by the above analysis there are four concludin# re0ar:s for e7port perfor0ance of 6PLsAS6Ls% At first it can be concluded that e7port perfor0ance of Special 6cono0ic Lones is fair and accounted for nearly 0ore than ( percent of the total e7port fro0 the India than that of E to - percent before the S6L sche0e% 67ports have increased over a ti0e in absolute value and #ood e7port #rowth over a last year than countries e7port #rowth% But considerin# the !iscal and non-fiscal benefits #iven to S6L developers and units is it a satisfactory e7port perfor0anceP 9his ?uestion opens new window for further research% Second it is observed that a0on# the seven public sector *ones e7port perfor0ance is centered to only S66PL and $oida S6L% So a#ain there is a ?uestion on the

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*one specific e7port perfor0ance% 9hird" sector-wise e7port perfor0ance is concentrated to five sectors ;only<% 9hey are na0ely e0s and Jewellery" )he0icals and Phar0aceuticals" 9radin# and Services" )o0puterA6lectronic software and 6lectronics hardware% )an this few sector specific perfor0ance face the 0ar:et ris:sP So there is still lon# way for the better e7port perfor0ance of Special 6cono0ic Lones%

REFERENCES
&% E% -% (% .% F% I% 2%B% Sin#hal ;October-Dece0ber E''.<- 6volution and Perfor0ance of Indian 6PLsAS6Ls- Journal !orei#n 9rade Review" vol% M2 p;-<% Special 6cono0ic Lone Act E-rd June E''.- overn0ent of India and co0piled fro0 various research papers% A#arwal" A" ;E''(<%67port processin# *ones- Analysis of the e7port perfor0ance% I)RI6R" wor:in# paper-&(H% =undra" A% ;E'''<% 9he perfor0ance of India3s e7port processin# *onesB A co0parison with )hinese approach%B Sa#e publication% $ew Delhi% 2% 2a:sh0anan June E''J 6volution of Special 6cono0ic Lones and so0e IssuesB 9he Indian 67perience BDepart0ent of 6cono0ic Analysis and Policy" RBI httpBAwww%indiastat%co0AtableAindustriesA&HAindustrialpar:sspecialecono0ic*onesse* Received on FAFAE'&&% httpBAwww%indiastat%co0AtableAforei#ntradeA&EAforei#ntradeA&'IAEII&HJAdata%asp7 Received on FAFAE'&&%

ANNE+URE
ANNE+URE . A: ABSOLUTE E+PORT OF EP&BSE& AND INDIA, SHARE OF EP&BSE& IN COUNTR! S E+PORT, GROWTH OVER LAST !EAR FOR BOTH1 "1**$-*1 TO 2$$'-$)#

/ear

67port fro0 6PLAS6L ;Rs in )rore< JHF%FF &&JE%'H &-IJ%.J &J.J%J& EF.H%'F -E-.%FE (-'J%'J (H'J%E .E.E%. FI'I%J H..E%J&HJ%.. &''.F%FE &-H.-%.H &H-&( EEH(' -(F&. FFF-H JJFHJ EE'I&& E"E-"&-E

67port fro0 )ountry ;Rs in )rore< -E..I%F (('(&%H .-FHH%FJI.&%( HEFI(%& &'F-.-%&&HH&I%& &-'&''%F &-JI.-%& &.J.F&%( E'-.I& E'J'&H E..&-I%EJ--FF%H -I.--J%. (.F(&I%J .I&IIJ%F..HF-%. H('I.. H(..-( -

Share of 6PLAS6L in total e7port -%'E%I' E%.F E%H' -%E& -%'( -%FE -%FJ -%I. (%E' (%E' (%-J -%J( (%IE (%HI .%'' F%'. &'%&F &&%H. EF%&' -

rowth of 6PLAS6L e7port over last year --%I( E'%H& &.%IE (E%'F -.%FE E&%IE --%&I &&%F' J%E& EI%I' EI%(J I%(. J%(-I%I. -E%&J E(%I& .&%.. JE%.& (J%F &E&%( (I

&JJ'-J& &JJ&-JE &JJE-J&JJ--J( &JJ(-J. &JJ.-JF &JJF-JI &JJI-JH &JJH-JJ &JJJ-E''' E'''-'& E''&-'E E''E-'E''--'( E''(-'. E''.-'F E''F-'I E''I-'H E''H-'J E''J-&' E'&'-&& ;April-Sept% E'&'<R R Provisional

rowth of countyQs e7port over last year &I%I& -.%EI E&%J' EJ%J& &H%.E EH%F( &&%I& J%(J I%(& &(%&I EI%.H E%FI EE%'F &(%JH EI%J( E&%F' E.%EI &(%I' EH%E '%F -

SourceB Data co0piled fro0 RBI +and Boo:" web si#ht indiastat%co0 and Ministry of co00erce and 9he perfor0ance of India3s e7port processin# *ones - =undra" A% ;E'''<%

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