MAM2083F, MAM2085F 2013 Examination solutions

1. The region is shown in the diagram alongside.

) 1 1 (cos
)] cos( [
) sin(
) sin( ) sin(
3
1
1
0
3
3
1
1
0
3 2
1
0 0
3
1
0
1
3
2
=
=
=
=
}
} } } }
x
dx x x
dydx x dy dx x
x
y


2. S
1
: 4 ) 1 ( ) , (
2 2
+ = = y x y x f z
S
2
:
2
) 1 ( = y z

a) Level curves of S
1
:
2 2
) 1 ( 4 + = + y x k , ) , 4 [ e k
These are circles centred at (0, 1) with radius 4 + k . The radius increases with increasing k,
but at a decreasing rate. The surface is a paraboloid, as shown.


b) )) 1 ( 2 , 2 ( ) , ( = V y x y x f , ) 0 , 4 ( ) 1 , 2 ( = Vf
0 ) 1 , 2 ( = f . See diagram.

c) C: curve of intersection of S
1
and S
2
, 0 s x :
2
4
) 1 ( 4 ) 1 (
2 2 2
=
=
= +
x
x
y y x

The curve lies on a plane of constant x, only y and z vary.
Let t y = , then
2
) 1 ( = t z
C: R e = t t t t r ), ) 1 ( , , 2 ( ) (
2

d) Where does C intersect 3 2 = + + z y x ?
2
4
3 1 2 2 2
3 ) 1 ( ) ( 2 ) 2 (
2
2
2
=
=
= + + +
= + +
t
t
t t t
t t

There are two points of intersection: ) 1 , 2 , 2 ( and ) 9 , 2 , 2 (

e) Tangent plane to S
1
at ) 1 , 3 , 1 ( P :
Let z y x z y x F + =
2 2
) 1 ( ) , , (
) 1 ), 1 ( 2 , 2 ( ) , , ( = V y x z y x F
) 1 , 4 , 2 ( ) 1 , 3 , 1 ( = VF
Plane: 13 4 2 = + z y x , or 13 4 2 = + z y x

3. R e + = t t t t t t r C ), , cos 2 sin , ( ) ( :
2

a) Line tangent to C at ) 0 , 2 , 0 ( P , note that t = 0:
) 0 , 1 , 1 ( ) 0 (
) 2 , sin 2 cos , 1 ( ) (
= '
= '
r
t t t t r

Line: R e + = ), 0 , 1 , 1 ( ) 0 , 2 , 0 ( ) ( x

b) ) 2 , cos 2 sin , 0 ( ) ( t t t r = ' '

) 2 , 2 , 0 ( ) 0 ( = ' ' r

3
) (
) ( ) (
) (
t r
t r t r
t
'
' ' '
=


k

) 2 , 2 , 2 (
) 2 , 2 , 0 ( ) 0 , 1 , 1 ( ) 0 ( ) 0 (
=
= ' ' ' r r


2
3
) 2 (
12
) 0 , 1 , 1 (
) 2 , 2 , 2 (
) 0 (
2
3
=
=

= k


4.

+
=
=
otherwise
) 0 , 0 ( ) , ( 0
) , (
4 4
4
y x
xy
y x
y x f
a) Thoughtful inspection suggests the limit does exist and that the limit is 0 (its sort of a 5
th

degree over a 4
th
degree, so the numerator looks like it overpowers the denominator. But this
sort of intuition always needs to be backed up with algebra.)
Consider 0 lim
4 4
4
) 0 , 0 ( ) , (

+

y x
xy
y x
, the distance between
4 4
4
y x
xy
+
and its supposed limit.
x
y
xy
y x
xy
= s
+
s
4
4
4 4
4
0 0
We know that
x
y x y x ) 0 , 0 ( ) , ( ) 0 , 0 ( ) , (
lim 0 0 lim

= =
so by the Squeeze Theorem it follows that
0 0 lim
4 4
4
) 0 , 0 ( ) , (
=
+

y x
xy
y x

and hence
0 lim
4 4
4
) 0 , 0 ( ) , (
=
+

y x
xy
y x
.

b) Yes, f is continuous since ) 0 , 0 ( ) , ( lim
) 0 , 0 ( ) , (
f y x f
y x
=

.

c) The derivatives have to be determined using the definition of the derivative (not
differentiation rules, because we dont know yet whether the function is differentiable).

0
0 0
lim
) 0 , 0 ( ) 0 , (
lim ) 0 , 0 (
0
0
=

h
h
f h f
f
h
h
x

0
0 0
lim
) 0 , 0 ( ) , 0 (
lim ) 0 , 0 (
0
0
=

k
k
f k f
f
h
k
y


d) Since we dont know whether the function is differentiable, we have to determine the
directional derivative from first principles.
) 1 , 1 (
2
1
= u
2 2
1
2 2
1
lim
1
4
2
2 4
lim
) 0 , 0 ( ) 0 , 0 (
lim ) 0 , 0 (
0
4
5
0
2
1
2
1
0

=
=

=
+ +
=

h
h
h
u
h h
h
h
f h h f
f D


e) No, the function is not differentiable at (0, 0), since if it were then we would have that
0 ) 0 , 0 ( ) 0 , 0 ( ) 0 , 0 (
2
1
2
1

= + =
y x u
f f f D
which is not the case.

5. Surface S:
2 2
y x z + = , a cone.
Cylinder: 16
2 2
= + y x . The surface S projects onto R, the area bounded by the circle with
this formula.
Density: r y x z z y x = + = =
2 2
) , , ( o
t
t
u
o
t
3
2 128
) 2 ( ] [ 2
2
1 1
1
) , , (
4
0
3
3
1
2
0
4
0
2 2
2 2
2
2 2
2
=
=
=
+ + =
+
+
+
+ =
=
} }
}}
}}
}}
r
rdrd r
dA y x
dA
y x
y
y x
x
z
dS z y x M
R
R
S


6.
2 2
3 3 y x z + = is a cone, with a slope as defined in the picture
0 , 2
2 2 2
> = + + a az z y x is a sphere
2 2 2 2
) ( a a z y x = + + The centre is (0, 0, a) and the radius is a.
Relationship from diagram: | |

cos 2 cos
2
a
a
= =

t
t
t
u |
u | | |
u | |
u | |
t
t
t
t
t
t
|
t
t
|
3
16
9
3
4
4
1
4
2
3
4
1
3
2
0
6
0
4
4
1
3
2
0
6
0
3 3
3
1
2
0
6
0
cos 2
0
3
3
1
2
0
6
0
cos 2
0
2
12
7
) 1 (
3
4
) 2 )( ) 1 ( ) ( (
3
8
] cos [
3
8
sin cos 8
sin ] [
sin
a
a
a
d
a
d d a
d d
d d d
dV V
a
a
E
=
=
+ =
=
=
=
=
=
}
} }
} }
} } }
}}}


7. Let
2 2
3y x u + = and
x
y
v = . [The other way around is also fine.]




0
6
2 1
6 2
) , (
) , (
2
2
2
> + =

=
c
c
x
y
x x
y
y x
y x
v u

2 2
6 2 6 2
) , (
) , (
v v
y x
v u
+ = + =
c
c
, so
2
6 2
1
) , (
) , (
v v u
y x
+
=
c
c

) ) 3 3 (arctan(
3 3
1 2 2
)) 3 arctan( ) 3 3 )(arctan( 1 2 (
3 3
1
)] 3 arctan( [ ] [
) 3 ( 1
1
6 2
1
3
3
2
3
3
1
3
1
2
1
2
3
3
2
2
1
3
1
2
1
2
2
1
2
2 2
t

=
=
=
+
=
'
+
= +
} }
}} }}
'
v u
dudv
v
u
A d
v
u dA y x
R R



8. ) , ( )) , ( ), , ( (
2
2 xy xy x
xe ye e y y x Q y x P F + + = =

2
) 2 )( ( 2
) 2 ( ] [ 2
2
) 2 (
)) 2 ( ) ((
Theorem s Green' by
2
1
1
0
2
2
1
1
0
2
0
=
=
=
=
=
+ + + =
|
|
.
|

\
|
c
c

c
c
=
=
} }
}}
}}
}}
}
y
dy ydx
dA y
dA xye e y xye e
dA
y
P
x
Q
s d F W
R
R
xy xy xy xy
R
C

Note that solving this Work problem using line integrals is not possible. On two of the four
line segments, you end up having to solve integrals of the form
}
dx e
x
2
, which is not solvable
analytically.

9. S
1
is a sideways paraboloid with the y-axis as axis of symmetry. S
2
is a vertical plane
through y = 4, parallel to the xz-plane.
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ = zxy
x y
y x v , 10
2
,
2
2

a)
2
F

is the flux through S

2
(the vertical plane) in the positive y direction. The normal to S
2
is
thus ) 0 , 1 , 0 (

= j .
t
u u
u u
u u
u u
t
t
t
t
40
] sin 20 [
) cos 20 (
] cos 5 [
) cos 8 10 (
) 8 10 (
] 4 that Note [
2
10
) 0 , 1 , 0 (

2
0 3
64
2
0
3
64
2
0
2
0
3
3
8
2
2
0
2
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
=
=
}
}
} }
}}
}}
}}
}}
d
d r r
d rdr r
dS x
y dS
x y
dS v
dS n v F
S
S
S
S

b) 0 2 div = = V = xy yx xy v v

c) Together
1
F

and
2
F

are the flux through the entire surface of the volume enclosed (call this
E) by S
1
and S
2
(call this composite surface S), in an outward direction.
0
div
2 1
=
=
= +
}}}
}}
E
S
dV v
S d v F F

d) Flux through S
1
in the negative y direction is t 40 0
2 1
= = F F

.
Flux through S
1
in the positive y direction is t 40
1
= F

10. 2 ) , (
2 3
+ = y x xy x y x f
) , 2 3 ( ) , (
2 2
x x xy y x y x f + + = V

1 , 0 0 ) 1 ( 0
(1) 0 2 3
2
2
= = = = +
= +
x x x x x x
xy y x

3 : (1) into 1
0 : (1) into 0
= =
= =
y x
y x

Stationary points: ) 3 , 1 ( ), 0 , 0 (

0 ) , (
1 2 ) , (
2 6 ) , (
=
=
+ =
y x f
x y x f
y x y x f
yy
xy
xx

Second derivative test:
At ) 0 , 0 ( 1
0 1
1 0
=

= D . ) 0 , 0 ( is a saddle point

At ) 3 , 1 ( 1
0 1
1 0
= = D . ) 3 , 1 ( is a saddle point.