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!weet 5mbed 6 of #esults for7 8o results containing your search 9uery *- : Losch !heory

Losch Theory
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)n 'ntroduction to

Central Space !heory

!he theory was originally

published in /011 by a (erman geographer

&alter Christaller who studied the

settlement patterns in southern (ermany-

)ssumptions7

Christaller made a number of

assumptions such as7 )ll areas ha%e

an isotropic ;all flat< surface

an e%enly distributed population

e%enly distributed resources

similar purchasing power of all consumers and

consumers will patroniDe nearest market

C
transportation costs e9ual in all directions and

proportional to distance

no e3cess profits ;*erfect competition<

.etails of the theory!he theory consists

of two basic concepts7

C
threshold

@@ the minimum population that is re9uired to bring about the

pro%ision of certain good or ser%ices

range of good or ser%ices@@ the a%erage ma3imum

distance people will tra%el to purchase goods andser%ices-

.etails of the theory

)s transport is e9ually easy in

alldirection, each central place willha%e a circular market area

asshown in C in the following diagram7Howe%er, circular shape of

themarket areas results ineither un@ser%ed areas or o%er@ser%ed

areas-!o sol%e this problem, Christallersuggest ed the he3agonal

shapeof the markets as shown in . in theabo%e diagram-

-y and patroniDe the nearest center is, but fails to take intoonary process

of spatial structure i-e- how the structure has e%ol%ed and might

y in between larger ones #5*#5S58!5. BB

o e3plain his theory )ugust Losch made the following assumptions-

, demand and production-, transportation costs are

proportional to the distance-

ork of market based on a >6 degree ;si3fold< ice of market

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