industrial motor safety controller

INDEX

Chapter 1. Introduction

2. Working

3. Circuit Diagram

4 Planning

5. e!ting

". Code

#. $i%liograph&

1. Introduction

Introduction

A vibration detection device includes a detecting device for detecting a vibration, and an output from the amplifying device obtained when outputting a detection signal on the basis of the detection result, an amplifying device for amplifying the detection signal, an initializing device for initializing the output from the amplifying device, and an adjusting device for adjusting the output from the amplifying device so that an output from the amplifying device obtained when the amplifying device is initialized, and an output from the amplifying device obtained when the amplifying device is not initialized and the detecting device generates no signal have substantially the same values. A machine having a vibration control device machine comprising sync signal generating means for generating a sync signal in synchronism with rotation of an arm shaft of said sewing machine vibration detecting means for detecting vibration generated on a machine body of said machine

control vibration generating means capable of generating control vibration for canceling the vibration generated on said machine body

transfer function setting means for preliminarily setting a transfer function

indicative of characteristics of mechanical parts and electrical parts of said sewing machine and vibration control means for controlling said control vibration generating means so as to minimize the vibration detected by said vibration detecting means according to the sync signal generated from said sync signal generating means, the transfer function set by said transfer function setting means, and a detection signal from said vibration detection means. he machine according to claim 1,

wherein said vibration detecting means comprises a plurality of vibration detecting means for simultaneously detecting vibrations generated at a plurality of positions on said machine body, said control vibration generating means comprises a plurality of control vibration generating means for generating control vibrations for simultaneously canceling the vibrations generated at said plurality of positions on said machine body, and said vibration control means controls said plurality of control

vibration generating means so as to simultaneously minimize the vibrations detected by said plurality of vibration detecting means. he machine according to claim , wherein said vibration detecting means and said control vibration generating means are provided on a bed of said machine body.

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2. Working

WORKING:

+otor

-reamplifier

.ow pass filter

A/,

,omputer

$ig 1

Transducer :
he sound signals from the heart are converted to analog electrical signals using a condenser microphone fastened to conventional physician%s stethoscope. his is directly coupled to the chest wall of the person whose heart sound is to be recorded. he

microphone present a higher impedance, high sensitivity,low noise, weight and operates with a 1.! volts battery.

Pre-Amp i!ier : he ac voltage output o the microphone is only o the order of few millivolts and is notosuficient amplitude for signal analysis. &ence a pre'amplifier shown in the $ig'2 acts as the ne(t stage. An amplification of about 1))) is provided in two stages. he first stage has an amplification of about 2) while the second stage has an
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amplification of about !). ,ontinuous variation the gain can be achieved through a 22 0ilo ohm potentiometer.

"o#pass $i ter :
A second order 1utterworth low pass, filter with a cut of fre2uencyof 2 3&z is used since the fre2uencies o intrest 4both abnormal and normal5 file within 2 3&z. he circuit o $ig3 indicates the filter that has been used. he cut of fre2uencyo the filter is given by f 6 172 8 3.14 8 9 8 ,.

Ana og to %igita &on'erter :

An A7/ converter is used to convert the analog electrical signals to digital signals. A A7/ converter using A/!#4 :, with 12 bit resolution and conversion time of 2! microsec was used for this purpose. he digitized output from the A/, is then fed to the computer where the analysis can then be done to detect abnormalities if any.

,apturing -rinter -ort

<indows, provides several ways to read and write to parallel ports. he most direct way is reading and writing to the port registers. +ost programming languages included this ability, or at least allow you to add it. <indows also has A-: calls for accessing .- ports, and 1"'bit programs can use 1:=> software interrupts for .- access.

%irect Port I(O

9eading and writing direct to the port registers gives you the most complete control over the parallel'port signals. ?nli3e other methods, direct :7= doesn%t automatically add handsha3ing or control signals@ it just read or writes a byte to the specified port.

o write direct to a port, you specify a port register and the data to write, and instruct the ,-? to write the data to the re2uest port. o read a port, you specified a port register and where to store the data read, and instruct the ,-? to read the data into the re2uested location.

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). &ircuit %iagram

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PR*A+"I$I*R

$ig.1 =peration amplifier

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A,%IO A+P"I$I*R

$ig. 2 A?/:= A+-.:$:A9

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&O+PARATOR $I"T*R

$ig 3. ,omparator $ilter

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Fig 4.Flowchart

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4.Planning

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P"ANNING
<e all 3now Bthe best planning leads to the best resultsC. >o when we finalized our project it was a 2uestion from where to startD here are many directions but we had to choose the right one. starting the step of our project. he first event we did was to go through many boo3s, discussion, meeting, consultations E suggestions, satisfying the basic needs of client. After hard wor3ing we designed our circuit. Fow ne(t tas3 was procurement of material for that we listed firs the re2uired parts E divided our team in four parts. he wor3 was e2ually divided. As our project is hardware E software based so two of us were wor3ed for software E other two were wor3ed for hardware. We had di'ided our pro(ect in )ollo*ing part!+ , a. b. c. /esigning of actual material. -rocurement of material. .ayout of -,1. his was

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d. e. f. g. h.

-reparation of -,1. Assembling of components E their maintaining. >oftware :mplementation. :nterfacing hardware with software. esting.

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PC$ DE-I.NIN. he name printed circuit board suggests that printing processes involved in drawing the artwor3 on the board. And printing processes are often used to transfer an image to a -,1. -istor. o! t/e P&0::n 1;3)%s the technology for ma3ing a -, board was invented and name into use during 1;4!. 1efore that time circuits were constructed with point to point soldering component on an insulating board. 1ut this is time consuming and bard to troubleshoot. -rinted circuit board is a piece of art. he performance of an electronics circuit depends upon layout and sensing -,1. -,1 are used to route electrical urgent and signal through copper trac3 while are firmly bonded to an insulating base. he base material used for -,1 is paper phenolic, glass epo(y, polyester etc. paper phenolic is less costly and used to consumer electronic circuit. -aper phenolic is more resistance to moisture, but difficult to machine and drills compared to glass epo(y.

1;

Ru es !or "a.out:-,1 interconnects various electronics component by an interconnectivity pattern. he general considerations are@ 1. 2. +echanical consideration@ size, shape, mounting of -,1, etc. ?ser system consideration@ that is whether for consumes or

laboratory or industry etc. 3. Alectrical and electronics parameter such as impedance gain,

electromagnetic coupling etc. 4. Aasy of maintenance.

2)

Art Work:$or photographic reduction process the artwor3 should provide ma(imum contact between the portion to be each away and those to be left. hus the art wor3 should be generated on white sheet with blac3 in3. A polyester foil can also be used with stic3ing tape and prepare artwor3 but it is costly. rac3ing paper may be used but it is not stable with temperature. 0asic +et/ods o! Preparing Art#ork :n3 the drawing. he method is cheap. &igh 2uality water proof in3 base is to be used. ?sing blac3 tape and stic3ing pattern. ?sing red and blue transparent tape. Ad'antages o! P&0:Advantages of -,1 over normal wiring are as follows.

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 -,1 is necessary for interconnection a large number of electronics component in a very small area with minimum parasitic wiring affects. -,1 is stable for mass production with less chances of wiring error. >mall component can be easily mounted on -,1. <iring micro phony is avoided. ,onstruction is neat, small and truly a wor3 or art. 1y using -,1, the electronic e2uipment becomes more reliable in size and less costly.

%isad'antages o! P&0: Art wor3 is a time consuming activity. Art wor3 re2uires s3ill and without designing a new board is not possible to ma3e connection. *tc/ing o! P&0:Atching is the process of chemically attac3ing and removing the unprotected copper from the copper plate to yield the desired
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conductor pattern. he most common enchant used in the industry is ferric chloride. ma3e -,1. 1. ammonium per sulphate 2. chromic acid 3. cupric acid 4. ferric chloride +ethod of etching includes tray roc3ing tan3 etching and spray etching. =ut of there +ay roc3ing is the simplest one. his consist of the tray of -yre( glass, attached to a powered roc3ing table is not available , roc3ing of the tray with etching solution and the plate can be done manually also. $erric chloride crystal of !)) gms are mi( in water to ma3e a total solution of 1 liter. /uring the etching process the connection wea3ens because the soluble cupric acid ferric ions precipitate out of the solution in the form of sludge that rends to settle on the bottom on the etching vat. :deal etching condition re2uired that the enchant be related to the temperature of between ") to #). he copper plate is immersed in enchant solution with copper side up in the tray. =nly one board should be etched at one time. As the table is roc3ed the unprotected copper is dissolves. he erotically anyone of the following solution can be used to

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<hen etching is completed the resist material is remove by using lac2uer thinner or acetic acid or petrol. After the board is infected and proved. :t is ready for whole drilling, component mounting and soldering.

%ri ing:/rilling is performed with the help of drilling machine. <hile doing drilling needles was change according to the re2uired diameter of the hole is to be made. +ounting:After drilling mounting of the component is done. =n -,1 respective component was placed imperfective holes and finally soldered. After soldering the -,1 was ready to be connected to the respective relays and supply. 1efore than wiring diagram areas draw which decide the e(ternal wire connection to the -,1

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1. Testing

2!

T*2TING
esting is the main event, which has its own importance in the electronics field. esting is the process to find the output performance and fault of the circuit in the various forms. he main objective of the

testing is to chec3 the output performance as per our assumption. he least carelessness may lead to the major fault in case of electronics circuit and it is depend upon the layout and design of the -,1. -rinted circuit board are used to route electrical current and signal through the copper trac3s which are primarily bounded to an insulating core. $or the testing of any electronics circuit some common steps are performed. hese steps are as follows.

o chec3 the main power source. o tress out the circuit. :n which following steps are followed.

15. he trac3s are not open. 25. he distances between two trac3s are sufficient to avoid capacitance. 35. he trac3 lin3ed with the other related trac3s is proper or not. 45. he jumper which goes from one trac3 to another trac3 should not short with the trac3s which are in between re2uired two.

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hus by testing the trac3s of the printed circuit board it helps the project for ma3ing successful. After testing copper trac3s the component were tested with the help of instrument li3e multimeter, ,9=, signal generator etc.

After mounting the component on the -,1 the possibility of the dry soldering was chec3ed to avoid the possibility of shorting those trac3s as well as the trac3s were chec3ed individually to avoid the possibility of opening those trac3s. his testing was carried out with the help of

multimeter 3eeping in range of =hm. After all chec3 the power was supplied and the operation of the circuit it was observed. ,hec3 the supply voltage and voltages at the points where it is 3nown or e(pected to be of certain value.

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Testing o! Po#er supp . circuit:he entire components are tested with the help of multimeter. After testing of component we fi( the component on the wet board. Fow we give the supply to the transformer and input waveform is to be chec3ed. his procedure is simultaneously carried out for 9ectifier, $ilter and 9egulator circuit. <e chec3 the waveform but it is not according to our assumption, because the waveform is started and then it goes to decreasing. /ue to this the output voltage is also decreases.

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WA3*$OR+ O$ $,"" WA3* &*NT*R TAP R*&TI$I*R

$or such a fault we test the power supply circuit step by step and found that the regulator :, is not wor3 as per our assumption 4that means it is faulty5. &ence we replace the regulator :, and chec3 the output waveform and voltage that it is as per our assumption. At that condition we stop the testing of power supply.

Testing o! 2#itc/ing &ircuit:$or switching circuit firstly we chec3 the trac3s that there should be no defect. hen we mount the component and give the supply to the circuit and input from -, and chec3 the output performance of the circuit. he circuit is wor3 as per our assumption.

Testing o! speed contro er circuit:he procedure of the testing of speed controller circuit is same as the switching circuit at the point of potentiometer for re2uired assumption we set the preset and again test is carried out after that we give the supply to the circuit and chec3 the waveform of the astable multivibrator

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which is as per our assumption as that it is s2uare wave. And then we give input from the computer and chec3 the speed control as per our assumption.

O,TP,T WA3*$OR+ O$ I& 111 AT PIN )

Assem4 ing and testing o! t/e tota pro5ect:-

After testing and confirm the output of the individual circuit we connect all this circuit is as shown in the figure. <hen we ma3e the circuit carefully connect all the connecting wire and to avoid loose connection soldered and chec3 the continuity of the wires and trac3s by the multimeter.

3)

And then give the supply to the input side of the circuit and chec3s all modes on output side of the circuit. After completing all modes and operation are wor3s as per our assumption. &ence it is said that proper

assembling and testing plays an important role for success of the project.

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>=$ <A9A

A software has also been developed along with this instrument. he software can be broadly classified into three segments. 1. 2. 3. Ac2uisition routine =n'line display. +aterializing user friendly interfaces.

he first major segment is the ac2uisition routine which digitizes and converts analog heart sounds to digital values. he algorithm involved in the data ac2uisition is indicated.

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#. Bibliography

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Bibliography

Books:-

G1 ".)@ &ow to programD '1y /etail. G1 ".) in 21 day%s '1y -erry.

Alectronics $or Hou

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