Publication

Summary Results

QEEG Medication Response Controlled Clinical Trials

Pretreatment frontal EEG and changes in suicidal ideation during SSRI treatment in major depressive disorder. ______________________ Frontal EEG predictors of treatment outcome in major depressive disorder.

82

This study demonstrated that QEEG markers used early during treatment correctly predicted treatment response 70% of the time. Several EEG measures positively predicted treatment outcome, suggesting that QEEG data can be useful in identifying treatment response early in a medication trial and may save time and needless suffering.

Predicting stimulant medication response in ADHD: evidence from an integrated profile of neuropsychological, psychophysiological and clinical factors.

50

This 2005 study of 50 adolescents diagnosed with ADHD correctly predicted medication response using QEEG biomarkers in 85% of cases.

Comparative effectiveness of biomarkers and clinical indicators for predicting outcomes of SSRI treatment in Major Depressive Disorder: results of the BRITE-MD study.

375

Biomarkers for Rapid Identification of Treatment Efficacy (BRITE) - a QEEG variable called ATR was 74% effective in predicting both response and remission under two separate antidepressant meds.

Effectiveness of a quantitative electro-encephalographic biomarker for predicting differential response or remission with escitalopram and bupropion in major depressive disorder.

73

The second leg of the BRITE study (above) looked at the usefulness of its biomarker in predicting response to medication combinations. While the biomarker, ATR, was effective in predicting response to one of two separate antidepressant therapies, it did not predict responders to a combination treatment.

Behavioral and electrophysiologic predictors of treatment response to stimulants in children with attention disorders.

130

QEEG variables positively predicted medication response 83% of the time, while predicting which children would not respond to medication therapy 88% of the time. This 2008 study highlighted the clinical utility of QEEG biomarkers in the treatment of ADD/ADHD.

Electroencephalographic alpha measures predict therapeutic response to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressant: pre- and post-treatment findings.

36

Replicated findings of previous research showing pretreatment differences between SSRI responders and nonresponders on two QEEG measures: alpha power and asymmetry. In this trial, they predicted antidepressant response better than lack of response.

Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography and treatment response in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

17

This open-label study sought to evaluate use of QEEG biomarkers in patients with OCD. Responders exhibited similar characteristics in their LORETA images, suggesting that a distinctive pattern of activity within the medial surface of the frontal lobe predicts therapeutic response in OCD.

Early reduction in prefrontal theta QEEG cordance value predicts response to venlafaxine treatment in patients with resistant depressive disorder.

26

2008 study which demonstrated that one QEEG biomarker cordance was strongly predictive of medication success for hospitalized patients with treatment-resistant depression. The biomarker predicted positive response to a single SSRI antidepressant 69% of the time and a negative response to the medication 89% of the time.

Quantitative EEG in the prediction of antidepressant response to imipramine.

40

In a 1996 study of 40 patients with depression, QEEG variables were used to predict response to an older class of antidepressants (tricyclics). After 4 weeks of treatment, QEEG variables successfully predicted responders 45% of the time. Replicating previous trials, the study accurately characterized responders in 75% of the cases, even without traditional medication washout.

Changes in prefrontal activity characterize clinical response in SSRI nonresponders: a pilot study.

12

Early changes in prefrontal activity characterize clinical responders to antidepressants.

51

This study focused on the utility of QEEG biomarkers in predicting response to two separate SSRI antidepressants vs. placebo. Cordance successfully indicated likely response to each medication within 1 week, and up to 4 weeks before clinically significant differences were seen in patients.

Rostral anterior cingulate cortex activity in the theta band predicts response to antidepressive medication.

20

This study confirmed a relationship between one QEEG variable (resting activity of rostral ACC activity) and medication response in a group of 20 patients with MDD.

Anterior cingulate activity as a predictor of degree of treatment response in major depression: evidence from brain electrical tomography analysis.

36

Patients with the ACC biomarker did in fact demonstrate higher response to the medication, even when controlling for age or pretreatment depression severity.

Variation in neurophysiological function and evidence of quantitative electro-encephalogram discordance: predicting cocaine-dependent treatment attrition.

25

This study used QEEG variables (cordance) to successfully predict which cocaine addicted patients were likely to remain in treatment and which were more likely to drop out. Findings suggested that EEG biomarkers may be useful in helping to guide the selection of treatment for persons addicted to substances.

EEG Phenotypes predict treatment outcome to stimulants in children with ADHD.

98

This study confirmed that 9 EEG-related phenotypes have potential in predicting response to stimulants in ADHD.

An investigation of EEG, genetic and cognitive markers of treatment response to antidepressant medication in patients with major depressive disorder: A pilot study.

25

The findings suggested that specific EEG features (frontal theta, eyes closed) as well as genetic/cognitive markers were predictive of response. In general, patients who have one or more of these markers are more likely to response to antidepressants.

Pre-treatment EEG and its relationship to depression severity and paroxetine treatment outcome.

70

This study showed that pre-treatment QEEG variables correlate with MDD severity and response to paroxetine. The authors suggest that QEEG variables may be used for optimizing patient selection in antidepressant trials.

A pilot study to determine whether machine learning methodologies using pre-treatment EEG can predict the symptomatic response to clozapine therapy.

23

Investigators found that 12 patients in the first group were responders to clozapine, 11 were nonresponders. Prediction performance was well above 85%. Authors have already begun to use machine learning methods to analyze EEG signals for predicting response to other medications, including antidepressants.

Reference

LINK

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