A.

DIFFERENCES AND CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN STATES LEAD TO THE CIVIL WAR

I What were the differences between the Northern States and the Southern States in the XIXth century ?
Northern states versus Southern states

Northern States
Population Major cities Econom (ailroads White or black? Where? !ased on ? " or # e$amples of %oods &des biens' produced in factories: Slaves or free? Proportion of free people compared to the south :

)id most of the railroads run in the North or the South? What *ere the used for?

II What were the differences between the Northern States and the Southern States ?
Northern states versus Southern states

Southern States
Population and most important cit Econom + most important slave states : What *as it based on? Proportion of slaves in the population Most important cit in the Southern States?

,o* *ere the bi% farms of the south called? What plants did farmers %ro*? What *as the most important one? Who *orked on these farms?

III The Civil War

map of the - armies

.he /ivil War

)ates? ,o* lon% did it last for ? Who fou%ht *ho? &%ive the name of the armies' Who *on it? Which president pla ed an important role? What *as the result for the !lacks? Put the following events on the time line 0123 0120 0124 01++ 55565555555555655555555555555555565555555555555565555555 /ivil War (econstruction period .hirteenth Amendment to the /onstitution Election of President 7incoln Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860. During Lincoln's presidency, the outhern states seceded !rom "le!t# the $nion because Lincoln and the %orthern states were against sla&ery. 'n this war, the %orthern states "which stayed in the $nion# !ought the outhern states "called the (on!ederacy#. )he (i&il *ar lasted !rom 1861 until 186+. 'n 186+ the 1,th amendment to the (onstitution abolished sla&ery. )he 1,th amendment to the $nited tates (onstitution says that -%either sla&ery nor in&oluntary ser&itude, e.cept as a punishment !or crime whereo! the party shall ha&e been duly con&icted, shall e.ist within the $nited tates, or any place sub/ect to their /urisdiction.-'t was passed be!ore the end o! the (i&il *ar. *ith the adoption o! the 1,th amendment, the $nited tates !ound a !inal constitutional solution to the issue o! sla&ery.

B. WHITE REACTION: HOW DID THE WHITE SOUTHERNERS REACT TO THE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY 1 The Black code After the end of the American /ivil War in 01248 durin% the (econstruction period of 01249 01++ in the defeated South &the /onfederac '8 federal la* protected the civil ri%hts of the liberated African slaves.

The Black Code (Jim crow Laws) of 1865 0'n 186+, *hite outherners thought about the ways to regain power o&er the e.1sla&es. 't was through the creation o! the 2lac3 (odes that whites disco&ered they could control almost all aspects o! li!e o! outhern blac3s. (odes controlled almost all aspects o! li!e and prohibited A!rican Americans !rom the !reedom that had been won. 4ere are some e.amples 5 1. freedom of speech and movement Li&ing in towns and cities was also discouraged. 'n Louisiana it was almost impossible !or blac3s to li&e within the towns or cities. 6esidency was only possible i! a white employer agreed to ta3e responsibility !or his employee's conduct. !. occ"pational choice #o$ choice (ommonly, codes obliged !reedmen to wor3. 'n many states, i! a blac3 man was unemployed, he could be arrested !or &agrancy "&agabondage "7#. 8&en the !reedom to choose an occupation was o!ten regulated. 9any white outherners belie&ed blac3s were predestined to wor3 as agricultural laborers and domestics. %. the ri&ht to vote '. (ften the p"$lic schools for $lack children didn)t &et eno"&h mone*+ 0: Where did lots of !lacks have to live? What did the have to do to live in a to*n? -: ;obs : .ick the ri%ht sentence and justif b usin% the te$t.

.he !lacks *ere not obli%ed to *ork8 if the did8 the could choose their *orkin% hours and could o*n their shop in a to*n. .he !lacks had to *ork8 and the could choose their *orkin% hours. .he did most jobs in the countr side or in to*n. .he !lacks had to *ork8 if the didn<t the could be sent to prison. =n top of that the couldn<t choose the *orkin% hours and had to be farm hands and servants. .he !lacks had to *ork8 if the didn<t8 the could be sent to prison. Nevertheless &n>anmoins' the could do an job and choose their *orkin% hours.

Now you can say how the white southerners managed to by- ass !contourner" the XIIIth amendment to the constitution# Write a $ to % line aragra h ?se photos of se%re%ated public places in the south to %ive e$amples of accommodations and facilities that *ere se%re%ated The !" !l"# !la$

0)he :u :lu. :lan is a secret white supremacist organi;ation. 't subsisted during 6econstruction, during and a!ter *orld *ar ', and in the 1<60s during the ci&il rights mo&ement. )he :lan was organi;ed in )ennessee in 1866. 't was acti&e throughout the outh in mostly rural areas. :lansmen dressed in white robes and co&ered hoods, rode on horses, and dragged blac3 people !rom their homes, assaulting them by whipping or lynching them. uch assaults were success!ul in 3eeping blac3 men !rom &oting. 9any southern whites sympathi;ed with their ob/ecti&es and did not try to stop their actions. 'n the 1<=0s cross burning became a popular !orm o! intimidation. 4owe&er, by the late 1<=0s, !ewer people enrolled the :lan, all the more as the go&ernment enacted laws prohibiting mas3s and the organi;ation>s secrecy. 2y the 1<60s, as the ci&il rights mo&ement was emerging, the :lan>s membership reached almost twenty thousand. ome o! the groups used &iolence and attac3ed blac3s and ci&il rights wor3ers. *hile the :lan still e.ists today, with a !ew thousands o! members. )he :lan has ties to other white supremacist organi;ations such as the Aryan %ations and the 3inheads 0:' ?se the information from the te$t and from the pictures belo* to ans*er the follo*in% @uestions

the &u &lu' &lan

When *as the Au Alu$ Alan created ? Bn *hich part of the ?SA did the recruit their members? &hint: *hose fla% can ou see

behind the " Alansmen? ,o* did the a%%ress !lack people? What did the stop the !lacks from doin%?

C. THE CIVIL RI%HTS &OVE&ENT AFTER WORLD WAR II

I 1'()*+: +e,-e,a./o$ /$ .he USA

Segregation in the ()*+,s
6acial segregation started a!ter the (i&il *ar "18611186+#, especially in the $. . outhern tates and lasted up to the 1<60s. 2lac3 people, ?apanese and other -undesirables- had to use separate schools, public toilets, par3 benches "bancs# etc. @ther laws prohibited people o! di!!erent races !rom marrying. 'n some states, i! a restaurant admitted people o! colour and *hites, separate parts o! the restaurant had to be arranged !or each groupA in other places it was !orbidden !or stores "shops# or restaurants to ser&e di!!erent races in the same place.

-osa Par.s and the /ontgomery 0us 0oycott

12n the 1st o! December 1<++, 9rs. 6osa Par3s, an A!rican1American seamstress, was arrested in 9ontgomery, Alabama !or not standing and letting a white bus rider "passenger# ta3e her seat. When as3ed to mo&e to let a white bus rider be seated 9rs. Par3s re!used. he did not argue and she did not mo&e. )he police were called and 9rs. Par3s arrested. 3r. 9artin Luther :ing, ?r. was pastor in 9ontgomery. 4e and the 2lac3 community decided to !ight bac3 by boycotting the bus company. The boycott lasted !or o&er a year and e&entually, on %o&ember 1,, 1<+6 the upreme (ourt declared that Alabama's laws reBuiring segregation on buses were illegal. )he boycott had lasted ,81 days and was a success. 2uses throughout the $ A were then !orced to desegregate.

)efinition of se%re%ation : What was segregation li.e in the 4S5? Bndicate other e$amples of se%re%ated places Cind - photos about si%ns sho*in% se%re%ation 7ocate Alabama on the segregation ma ()*+7s. Was it a se%re%ated state? 5n e'am le of segregation 6 -osa Par.s and the /ontgomery bus boycott What did (osa Parks refuse to do on the bus? What happened to her then? ,o* did the !lack communit react? &the reacted b D E BNF' ,o* lon% did this action last for? What *as the conse@uence for AlabamaGs la*s? And for the ?SA?

II The 1'0)*+ : &a-./$ L".he- !/$, : .he 1'01 &a-ch o$ Wa+h/$,.o$

,e %ave the the HB ,ave a )reamH speech in front of the 7incoln memorial as part of the March on Washin%ton in 0I2". =ver -438333 people participated8 makin% it the lar%est protest assembl in the countr <s histor .

B ,ave a )ream
I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal." I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi !" will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and #ustice. I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be #udged by the color of their s$in but by the content of their character.

MA(.BN 7.ABNF Bn each para%raph hi%hli%ht the most important *ordsJe$pressions. .hen cop them in the %rid E$plain *hat societ he *as dreamin% of. 0I2# /ivil (i%hts Act What did it prohibit &forbid'