CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

PAPER 1 1. A point T divides the line segment joining the points A(1, -2) and B(-5, 4) internally in the ratio 2 : 1. Find the coordinates of point T. [2 marks] Diagram below shows a straight line PQ with the equation
on the x-axis and the point P lies on the y-axis. y P x y + = 1. The point Q lies 3 5

2.

Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to PQ and passing through the point Q. [3 marks]

3.

The line 8x + 4hy - 6 = 0 is perpendicular to the line 3x + y = 16. Find the value of h. [3 marks]

4.

Diagram below shows the straight line AB which is perpendicular to the straight line CB at the point B.
y

A(0,6)

0 C

The equation of the straight line CB is y = 3x 4.

Find the coordinates of B. [3 marks]

5.

The straight line

x y + = 1 has a y-intercept of 3 and is parallel to the straight line 14 m y + nx = 0. Determine the value of m and of n.

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CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4 [3 marks]

6.

Diagram below shows a straight line passing through A(2, 0) and B (0, 6). y B(0, 6)

A(2, 0)

a)

Write down the equation of the straight line AB in the form

x y + = 1. a b [1 mark]

b)

A point P(x, y) moves such that PA = PB. Find the equation of the locus of P. [2 marks]

21

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

PAPER 2
1. Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted. Diagram shows a straight line CD which meets a straight line AB at the point D. The point C lies on the y-axis. y C
0

x 0 A(0 , -3) a) b) c) D [1 mark ] [2 marks] [3 marks] B (12, 0)

Write down the equation of AB in the form of intercepts. Given that 2AD = DB, find the coordinates of D. Given that CD is perpendicular to AB , find the y-intercept of CD.

2.

Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted.

In the diagram the straight line BC has an equation of 3y + x + 6 = 0 and is perpendicular to straight line AB at point B. y A(-6, 5)

B 0 3y + x + 6 = 0 C (a) Find i) the equation of the straight line AB ii) the coordinates of B. x

[5 marks]

(b) The straight line AB is extended to a point D such that AB : BD = 2 : 3. Find the coordinates of D. [2 marks] (c) A point P moves such that its distance from point A is always 5 units. Find the equation of the locus of P.

[3 marks] 22

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

3. Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted. Diagram shows the triangle AOB where O is the origin. Point C lies on the straight line AB.
y A(-2, 5)

C x 0 B(5, -1)

(a) Calculate the area, in unit2, of triangle AOB. (b) Given that AC : CB = 3 : 2, find the coordinates of C.

[2 marks] [2 marks]

(c) A point P moves such that its distance from point A is always twice its distance from point B. (i) Find the equation of the locus of P. (ii) Hence, determine whether or not this locus intercepts the y-axis. [6 marks]

4.

In the diagram, the straight line PQ has an equation of y + 3x + 9 = 0. PQ intersects the x-axis at point P and the y-axis at point Q.
y x P R 0

y + 3x + 9 = 0

Point R lies on PQ such that PR : RQ = 1 : 2. Find (a) the coordinates of R, (b)

[3 marks]

the equation of the straight line that passes through R and perpendicular to PQ. [3 marks] 23

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

5.

Solutions to this question by scale drawing will not be accepted. Diagram shows the triangle OPQ. Point S lies on the line PQ. y P(3 , k)

S (5, 1) x Q a) A point W moves such that its distance from point S is always 2 Find the equation of the locus of W. b) It is given that point P and point Q lie on the locus of W. Calculate the value of k, i) ii) the coordinates of Q. [5 marks] c) Hence, find the area , in unit , of triangle OPQ. [2 marks]
2

1 units. 2 [3 marks]

24

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

ANSWERS ( PAPER 1 )
1. T( (1)(1) + (5)(2) (2)(1) + (4)(2) , ) 3 3 = T( -3 , 2 ) 5 and the coordinates of Q (3 , 0) 3 2 1

2.

Gradient of PQ , m1 = -

Let the gradient of straight line perpendicular to PQ and passing through Q = m2 . Then m1 m2 = -1. 3 m2 = 5 y0 3 The equation of straight line is = x3 5 5y = 3(x 3) 5y = 3x 9 3. Given 8x + 4hy 6 = 0 3x + y = 16 4hy = -8x + 6 y = -3x + 16 8 6 y = x+ 4h 4h 2 3 y = - x + h 2h 2 Gradient , m2 = -3 Gradient , m1 = h Since the straight lines are perpendicular to each other , then m1 m2 = -1. 2 (- )(-3) = -1 h 6 = -h h = -6

4.

Gradient of CB , m1 = 3 Since AB is perpendicular to CB, then m1 m2 = 1 1 Gradient of AB, m2 = 3 1 The equation of AB is y=- x+6 3 B is the point of intersection. y = 3x 4 (1) 1 y = x + 6 (2) 3 1 3x 4 = x + 6 3

25

CHAPTER 6 10 x = 10 3 x=3

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

y = 3(3) 4 = 5 The coordinates of B are (3, 5). 5. x y + 14 m = 1

y-intercept = m = 3

1 x y 3 + = 1, the gradient m1 = From 14 3 14 From y = -nx , the gradient m2 = -n . Since the two straight lines are parallel , then m1 = m2 3 = -n 14 3 n = 14 6. a) From the graph given, x- intercept = 2 and y-intercept = 6. x y The equation of AB is + =1. 2 6 b) Let the coordinates of P = (x , y) and since PA = PB
( x 2) 2 + ( y 0) 2 = (x 2)2 + y2 = x2 4x + 4 + y2 = 12y 4x -32 = 0 3y x - 8 = 0 ( x 0) 2 + ( y 6) 2 x2 + (y 6)2 x2 + y2 12y + 36 1

1 1

26

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

ANSWERS ( PAPER 2 )
1 a) b) x y =1 12 3 AD 1 = DB 2 0(2) + 12(1) 3(2) + 0(1) D=( , ) 3 3 = ( 4 , -2 ) 3 Gradient of AB, mAB = -( ) 12 1 = 4 Given 2AD = DB , so Since AB is perpendicular to CD, then mAB mCD = 1. Gradient of CD, mCD = - 4 Let, coordinates of C = (0 , h) , h ( 2) mCD = 04 h+2 -4 = 4 16 = h + 2 h = 14 y-intercept of CD = 14 2 a) i) Given equation of BC, 3y + x + 6 = 0 y =Gradient of BC = 1 3 1 x2 3 1 1

1 1

c)

Since AB is perpendicular to BC , then mAB mBC = 1. Gradient of AB, mAB = 3 y 5 The equation of AB , =3 x ( 6) y 5 = 3x + 18 y = 3x + 23

1 1

ii)

B is the point of intersection. Equation of AB , y = 3x + 23 Equation of BC , 3y + x + 6 = 0

. (1) .(2) 1

Substitute (1) into (2), 3(3x + 23) + x + 6 = 0

27

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY 9x + 69 + x + 6 = 0 x =15 2

FORM 4

Substitute value of x into (1),

y = 3(1 2

15 ) + 23 2

y =

The coordinates of B are ( b) Let D (h, k)

15 1 , ) 2 2

15 1 2h + (18) 2k + 15 , )= ( , ) 5 2 2 5 15 1 2k + 15 2h + (18) , = = 5 2 2 5 -75 = 4h 36 5 = 4k + 30 39 25 h= k= 4 4 39 25 The coordinates of D are ( , ) 4 4 c) Given PA = 5 B( ( x (6)) 2 + ( y 5) 2 ( x + 6)2 + ( y 5)2 = 5 = 25

1 1 1

x2 + 12x + 36 + y2 -10y + 25 = 25 x2 + y2 + 12x -10y + 36 = 0 3.

)

a)

Area

1 2

2 0 1

0 1 5 0 1 = (25) (2) 2 23 = unit2 2

b)

C= (

3(5) + 2(2) 3(1) + 2(5) , 5 5 11 7 = ( , ) 5 5

1 1

c) i) Since PA = 2PB ( x + 2) 2 + ( y 5) 2 = 2 ( x 5) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 x2 + 4x + 4 + y2 10y + 25 = 4 (x2 10x + 25 + y2 + 2y + 1) 1 1

28

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

x2 + y2 + 4x 10y + 29 = 4x2 + 4y2 40x + 8y + 104 3x2 + 3y2 44x + 18y + 75 = 0 (ii) When it intersects the y-axis, x = 0. 3y2 +1 8y + 75 = 0 Use b2 4ac = (18)2 4(3)(75) = 576 b2 4ac < 0 It does not cut the y-axis since there is no real root. 4. a) y + 3x + 9 = 0 When y = 0, P(3, 0) When x = 0, Q(0, 9) R(x, y) = ( 1(0) + 2(3) 1(9) + 2(0) , ) 3 3 = (-2 , -3 ) y+0+9 y = 0 = 9

1 1 1

0 + 3x + 9 x

= 0 = 3 1

1 1

b)

y + 3x + 9 = 0 y = -3x - 9

Gradient of PQ , m1 = 3 Since PQ is perpendicular to the straight line, then m1 m2 = 1 1 Thus, m2 = 3 The equation of straight line that passes through R(-2, -3) and perpendicular to PQ is y+3 1 = x+2 3 3y = x - 7 5. a) Equation of the locus of W, 5 ( x 5) 2 + ( y 1) 2 = 2 5 (x 5)2 + ( y 1)2 = ( )2 2 x2 -10x +25 + y2 2y + 1 = 25 4 4 x2 + 4y2 40x - 8y + 79 = 0

1 1

b) i)

P(3 , k) lies on the locus of W, substitute x =3 and y = k into the equation of the locus of W. 4(3)2 + 4(k)2 40(3) 8(k) + 79 = 0

1 29

CHAPTER 6

COORDINATE GEOMETRY

FORM 4

ii)

c)

4k2 - 8k -5 = 0 (2k + 1)(2k 5) = 0 1 5 k=- , k= 2 2 5 Since k > 0, k = 2 Since S is the centre of the locus of W, then S is the mid-point of PQ. 5 y+ x+3 2 ) S(5 , 1) = ( , 2 2 5 y+ x+3 2 , 1= 5= 2 2 1 x=7 , y =2 1 Hence, the coordinates of Q are ( 7 , ). 2 0 7 3 0 1 Area of triangle OPQ = 1 5 0 2 0 2 2 1 5 3 = [ (7)( ) (- ) ] 2 2 2 19 unit2 = 2

30