PAKSAT-1

Satellite Communication ASSIGNMENT #2

Submitted to: Sir Fazal Submitted by: Ayesha Bashir TE47C

PAKSAT-1

Figure 1: PAKSAT-1

PAKSAT-1 was originally known as Palapa C1. It was launched by Hughes Space and Communications Company for Indonesia. Later Indonesia declared the satellite unusable after an electric power anomaly. The insurance claims were paid and the title was transferred to Hughes Space and Communications Company. HGS3 was then acquired by Pakistan from M/s Hughes Global Services on "Full Time Leasing" and relocated to Pakistan's reserved slot at 38 Degree. Pakistan's Government approved the acquisition on 3 July 2002 and the deal with Hughes Global Services was agreed on 6 August 2002. The satellite started moving to its new slot on 5 December 2002 and it went through a name change from Anatolia-1 to PAKSAT-1 on 18 December 2002. After a series of orbital maneuvers, the Satellite was stabilized at its final location on December 20, 2002 with 0-degree inclination. The satellite is in position at the Pakistani-licensed orbital location, 38 east longitude and now serves the country with low-cost, high quality satellite communication services that include broadcasting, broadband connectivity and Internet backbone connectivity amongst others.

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Figure 2: Paksat-1 installed system Prodelin 3.7 m, LNB Norsat 8215

Features
Mission type Operator Geosynchronous satellite Communications Satellite SATELINDO (1996-1998) Insurers (1998-1999) Hughes (1999-2000) Boeing (2000) Leased to: Kalitel (2000-2002) SUPARCO (2002)

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Spacecraft properties
Bus Manufacturer Launch mass Launch date Rocket Launch site Reference system Regime Inclination Perigee Apogee Period HS-601 Hughes 3,000 kilograms (6,600 lb) 31 January 1996 Atlas IIAS Cape Canaveral LC-36B Geocentric Geostationary 0.0 degrees 35,600 kilometres (22,100 mi) 35,600 kilometres (22,100 mi) 1,436 minutes

Services
The services include satellite communications in both C band and Ku band to customers in Pakistan, Africa and the Middle East. Paksat-1s 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide total range of satellite communication capabilities.

Payload characteristics
PAKSAT-1s 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide the total range of satellite communications capabilities. The satellite is in a geostationary orbit at 38 East Longitude, and carries high power payloads in both bands. Payload characteristics of PAKSAT-1 are as below: C-Band Payload Characteristics Number of transponders Redundancy Channel bandwidth Uplink frequency band Downlink frequency Beams Beam connectivity 24 in standard C-band 6 in extended C-band All redundancy available 36 MHz 5925 MHz 6665 MHz band 3400 MHz 4200 MHz Southern , Northern regions All transponders can be switched independently to downlink in the southern beam. Many transponders can downlink in the northern beam. All transponders can be switched independently to uplink from either beam. Linear cross polarization 38 dBW +2 dB/K

Polarization EIRP (at peak of beam) G/T (at peak of beam)

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Ku band Payload Characteristics Number of transponders Redundancy Channel bandwidth Uplink frequency band Downlink frequency band Beams Beam connectivity

4 All redundancy available 72 MHz 13754 MHz 14486 MHz 10954 MHz 11686 MHz Southern regions, Northern regions All transponders can be switched independently to uplink or downlink in either beam Linear colpol 52 dBW +5 dB/K

Polarization EIRP (at peak of beam) G/T (at peak of beam)

PAKSAT-1 Footprints
Paksat-1 has two beams each in both C and Ku bands i.e., C1, C2 and K1, K2, respectively. C-band The C1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly African Continent and Middle East. The C2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East, African Continent, Central Asian States and Southern Europe. C1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours C2 - Northern Beam G/T Contours

C1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours C2 - Northern Beam EIRP Contours

PAKSAT-1 at 38.0E - C1 footprint: spectrum analysis & measurement results

Figure 3: C1 West-vertical footprint, coverage area: M.East, Africa,part of s. Asia+Europe

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PAKSAT-1 at 38.0E - C1 footprint : measurements at the center Luenec_central Slovakia geographical location : Latitude: 48.33 _ Longitude: 19.72 measurement results are derived from the 3.7 m diameter antenna date of measurement : 16.10.2010 elevation angle : 32

Ku band The K1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly Middle East and Eastern Africa. K2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East and Central Asian States. K1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours K2- Northern Beam G/T Contours

K1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours K2- Northern Beam EIRP Contours

Applications
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Acquiring a communication satellite has proved to be a prudent decision for a developing country like Pakistan because PAKSAT-1 has played a vital role in key areas of development in Pakistan. PAKSAT-1 has helped expand the communication infrastructure to the remote areas of Pakistan and is being used in projects related to Tele-medicine and Tele-education. The following are the applications of PAKSAT-1:

1. Internet backbone extension

PAKSAT-1 coverage allows operators and service providers access to European IP backbone through its partner Teleport in Germany, thus enabling them to offer cost effective IP services for customers in Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia.

2. Point-to-point data services 3. Remote Internet access

PAKSAT -1 enables businesses highly cost-effective means to deploy mission critical applications, regardless of the location and remoteness of their offices with applications like Web access, corporate networks and Voice over IP.

4. Broadcast services (video and data)

The booming media industry in Pakistan seeks to save operational costs but at the same time extend its reach to the remotest of areas of the country. PAKSAT-1 has thus become the ideal option which is why it has the largest and fastest growing Video neighborhood in Pakistan.

5. Business VSAT networks

PAKSAT-1 is ideally suited for businesses and enterprises seeking a cost effective and reliable solution for their connectivity requirements. A number of data network operators are successfully using PAKSAT-1 to offer enterprise connectivity solutions in various sectors like banks, oil companies Health, education and construction. These connectivity solutions are based on latest technologies like IDIRECT, DVB-S2 and DAMA.

6. Thin route telephony support

PAKSAT-1 is increasingly becoming the preferred choice for Mobile and Fixed and WLL network operators, LDIs and DNOPs to provide affordable connectivity for their customers. GSM operators are benefiting from significant cost savings by using PAKSAT for backhaul connectivity to extend their services to rural and remote areas thereby enhancing their competitive edge while keeping their network costs low

7. Shipboard communications
PAKSAT-1 is also ideally suited for providing low-cost backup / redundancy to submarine cable network traffic. Since becoming operational in January 2006, PAKSAT International has successfully established a solid customer base for PAKSAT-1 across Middle East, Africa, South Asia and Europe. PAKSAT-1 today has the fastest growing Pakistani TV channel neighborhood. Additionally a number of i-direct and DVB-S2 hubs are using PAKSAT-1 capacity to offer innovative and cost effective data & internet services across Middle East, Africa and South Asia.

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