1.

Barriers to good standards of health and safety Complexity: Workplaces can be complicated areas, involving the co-ordination of many people performing many different activities. Finding a solution to a specific health and safety problem Conflicting demands: There are often competing and conflicting demands placed upon people and organization, insufficient budget, Tight time scale Behavioral issues: People failing to act as desired or making mistakes Seen as a cost to business: ignorance of true costs of injury/illness Ignorance of legal duties Ignorance of hazard 2. Reasons for maintaining and promoting good standards of health and safety The three main reasons why an organization has to manage health and safety are: Moral, social, economic Need to provide a reasonable standard of care and to reduce the injuries, pain and suffering caused to workers by accidents and ill-health Need to provide a safe place of work, safe plant and equipment, safe systems of work, competent of workers and high standards of training and supervision Compliance to applicable laws and regulations, or standards to health and safety at the workplace Economic benefits include the avoidance of criminal penalty and compensation claims by complying with the law including the employers duty to take reasonable care their workers Highly motivated workforce resulting in an improvement in the rate of production and product quality Improvement of the organizations health and safety culture and commitment of management Avoidance of costs of hiring or training of replacement of staff the possible repair or replacement of plant and equipment Better insurance and maintaining the image and reputation of the organization with various stakeholders

3. Sources of information Information or national standards can be obtained from the relevant national regulatory bodies there are Internal INTERNAL Accident records Medical records Risk assessments Maintenance reports EXTERNAL National legislation Safety data sheets Code of practice Guidance notes

Safety inspections Audit reports Safety committee minutes

Operating instructions Trade associations Safety publications

4. Countries have health and safety laws because To ensure that the basic requirements of occupational and safety or met To specifically spell out the requirement of occupational health and safety ILO sets up requirements are sets into national laws and enforced To ensure that there is a system for adequate penalties for violations of requirements

5. helping companies comply with health and safety laws Consultation with company representatives Provide guidelines or publish technical adversaries for relevant health and safety topics Offer specific consultancy to companies who need help Establish industry self-regulating organization such as workplace safety and health council to help the companies Organize national health and safety events to improve awareness